JPH07136796A - Production of wire for arc welding - Google Patents
Production of wire for arc weldingInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07136796A JPH07136796A JP28545493A JP28545493A JPH07136796A JP H07136796 A JPH07136796 A JP H07136796A JP 28545493 A JP28545493 A JP 28545493A JP 28545493 A JP28545493 A JP 28545493A JP H07136796 A JPH07136796 A JP H07136796A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wire
- lubricant
- welding
- arc welding
- dry
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、アーク溶接用ワイヤの
製造方法に係り、さらに詳しくは、伸線性および使用時
（溶接時）に送給性が優れたアーク溶接用ワイヤの製造
方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an arc welding wire, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing an arc welding wire having excellent wire drawability and excellent feedability during use (welding). Is.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】アーク溶接用ワイヤを製造する最も一般
的な方法は、原線またはフラックス充填後のワイヤを
２〜４ｍｍ径までローラあるいは孔ダイスにより伸線す
る工程、焼鈍工程、酸洗工程、メッキ工程、最
終サイズ径まで孔ダイスで伸線する工程を製品の形状、
物性に対応し選択して順次行う方法である。の最終サ
イズ径まで伸線する工程は、一般的に表面状態が円滑で
色調が良好な湿式による伸線で製造される。2. Description of the Related Art The most general method for manufacturing an arc welding wire is a step of drawing a wire after wire filling or flux filling with a roller or a hole die to a diameter of 2 to 4 mm, an annealing step, a pickling step, The shape of the product, including the plating process, the process of drawing with a hole die to the final size diameter,
It is a method of selecting and corresponding to the physical properties and sequentially performing. The step of wire drawing to the final size diameter is generally carried out by wet wire drawing with a smooth surface condition and good color tone.
【０００３】しかし、湿式伸線においては一般に水溶性
潤滑剤を用いるためダイス通過時にワイヤ表面皮膜が薄
くワイヤのすべり性がやや悪いので、１ダイス当たりの
減面率が小さくダイスを多く用いる必要があるので能率
面にやや問題がある。一方、乾式伸線では潤滑剤として
金属石鹸等を用いれば減面率は大きくできるものの伸線
後に潤滑剤除去処理（例、ベーキング処理）の必要があ
る。一方、ベーキング処理不要の無機物系または無水系
の潤滑剤では、ワイヤ表面に潤滑剤が均一に塗布されに
くくワイヤ表面に傷が生じやすいという問題がある。However, since a water-soluble lubricant is generally used in wet drawing, the surface coating of the wire is thin when passing through the die and the slipperiness of the wire is rather poor. Therefore, the area reduction rate per die is small and it is necessary to use many dies. There is a slight problem in terms of efficiency because it exists. On the other hand, in dry drawing, the surface reduction rate can be increased by using metal soap as a lubricant, but it is necessary to perform a lubricant removal treatment (eg, baking treatment) after drawing. On the other hand, an inorganic or anhydrous lubricant that does not require a baking process has a problem in that it is difficult to apply the lubricant uniformly to the wire surface and the wire surface is likely to be scratched.
【０００４】また、これらのアーク溶接用ワイヤは、溶
接の自動化、高能率化が進むとともに、さらに高電流で
の溶接条件が採用される方向にあり、その結果、必然的
にワイヤの送給速度が大となる。また、対象となる構造
物によっては溶接が狹隘部で行われる場合も多く、これ
らの場所での使い易さの点から、溶接機のワイヤ送給装
置の送給ローラから溶接トーチまでのコンジットケーブ
ルは曲げて使われる傾向にある。このようにコンジット
ケーブルを曲げて使用されると、コンジットケーブル内
のコンジットチューブ内をワイヤが通るとき摩擦抵抗が
大きくなり、溶接時ワイヤの送給に支障をきたし、アー
クが不安定となって溶接ができなくなるという問題が生
じる。Further, these arc welding wires are becoming more automated and more efficient, and the welding conditions at higher currents are being adopted. As a result, the wire feeding speed is inevitable. Is large. In addition, depending on the target structure, welding is often performed in the squeezed part, and from the viewpoint of ease of use in these places, the conduit cable from the feed roller of the wire feeder of the welding machine to the welding torch Tends to be bent and used. When the conduit cable is bent and used in this way, the friction resistance increases when the wire passes through the conduit tube inside the conduit cable, which hinders the wire feeding during welding, and the arc becomes unstable, resulting in welding. There is a problem that it will not be possible.
【０００５】これらの、アーク溶接用ワイヤの製造時の
伸線性および溶接時の送給性の問題に対しては従来、例
えば特開昭５８−４６３９８号公報に高級脂肪酸および
高級脂肪酸のアルカリ金属塩を揮発性溶媒で希釈した潤
滑剤で湿式伸線し、ワイヤ表面に適量該潤滑剤を塗布す
る方法、特開平５−２３７３１号公報にポリ四弗化エチ
レン、二硫化モリブデン、グラファイト等からなる潤滑
剤で伸線および該潤滑剤を塗布する方法など、各種の方
法が提案されている。To solve these problems of wire drawability during the production of arc welding wires and feedability during welding, higher fatty acids and alkali metal salts of higher fatty acids have hitherto been disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-46398. Is wet-drawn with a lubricant diluted with a volatile solvent, and an appropriate amount of the lubricant is applied to the wire surface. Lubrication comprising polytetrafluoroethylene, molybdenum disulfide, graphite, etc. in JP-A-5-23731. Various methods have been proposed, such as wire drawing with an agent and a method of applying the lubricant.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、これら
の方法でも前述したように湿式伸線においては、作業能
率が悪く、乾式伸線においては、ベーキング処理が必要
であったりワイヤ表面に傷が生ずる場合がある。また、
溶接時においては、長尺のコンジットケーブルを使用
し、高電流の溶接条件で溶接される場合のワイヤ送給性
の改善については、やはり不十分であるのが現状であ
る。そこで、本発明は、ベーキング処理が不要でワイヤ
表面に傷が生じず、円滑で高能率に伸線できるととも
に、長尺のコンジットケーブルを使用し、高電流の溶接
条件で溶接される場合においても、送給性が良好なアー
ク溶接用ワイヤの製造方法を提供することを目的とす
る。However, even with these methods, as described above, in the case of wet drawing, the work efficiency is poor, and in the case of dry drawing, there is a case where a baking treatment is required or a wire surface is scratched. There is. Also,
At the time of welding, it is the current situation that improvement of the wire feedability when using a long conduit cable and welding under high current welding conditions is still insufficient. Therefore, the present invention does not require a baking process, does not cause scratches on the wire surface, allows smooth and highly efficient wire drawing, and uses a long conduit cable even when welding under high current welding conditions. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an arc welding wire having good feedability.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、前記目的
を達成するために、ワイヤ製造方法を種々検討した結
果、前記の工程である、最終サイズ径までの伸線工程
の前処理としてエステルまたは動植物油をワイヤ表面に
塗布したのちに無機物系または無水系の潤滑剤で乾式伸
線をし、水溶性潤滑剤で乾式伸線で付着した潤滑剤量を
洗浄調整することにより、ベーキング処理不要でワイヤ
表面に傷が生じず円滑で高能率に伸線できるとともに、
長尺のコンジットケーブルを使用し、高電流の溶接条件
で溶接される場合においても、送給性が極めて良好であ
ることを見出したものである。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors have studied various wire manufacturing methods, and as a result, as a pretreatment for the wire drawing step up to the final size diameter, which is the above step. After applying ester or animal or vegetable oil to the wire surface, dry wire drawing with an inorganic or anhydrous lubricant, and by washing and adjusting the amount of lubricant attached by dry drawing with a water-soluble lubricant, baking treatment It is unnecessary and does not cause scratches on the wire surface, allowing smooth and highly efficient wire drawing.
It has been found that the feedability is extremely good even when a long conduit cable is used and welded under high current welding conditions.
【０００８】すなわち、本発明の要旨とするところは、
アーク溶接用ワイヤの製造工程において、脂肪酸とアル
コールからなるエステルまたは動植物油をワイヤ表面に
塗布したのち無機物系または無水系の潤滑剤を用いて乾
式伸線をし、水溶性潤滑剤で該乾式伸線で付着した潤滑
剤を洗浄調整することを特徴とするアーク溶接用ワイヤ
の製造方法にある。本発明でいうアーク溶接用ワイヤと
は、Ｓｉ，Ｍｎ系からさらにＭｏ，Ｔｉ，Ａｌその他を
含む鋼ワイヤおよび各種フラックス、合金、脱酸剤を含
むフラックス入りワイヤを対象とする。ワイヤ径は０．
８〜２．０ｍｍである。That is, the gist of the present invention is to
In the manufacturing process of arc welding wire, after applying ester or animal or vegetable oil consisting of fatty acid and alcohol to the wire surface, dry wire drawing is performed using an inorganic or anhydrous lubricant, and the dry drawing is performed with a water-soluble lubricant. A method for manufacturing an arc welding wire, which comprises cleaning and adjusting a lubricant adhered by a wire. The arc welding wire referred to in the present invention is intended for a steel wire containing Si, Mn and further containing Mo, Ti, Al and the like and a flux-cored wire containing various fluxes, alloys and deoxidizers. Wire diameter is 0.
It is 8 to 2.0 mm.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】脂肪酸とアルコールからなるエステルまたは動
植物油を、最終サイズ径までの伸線工程の前処理として
ワイヤ表面に塗布することにより、乾式伸線時に潤滑剤
が均一に分布され、伸線時の減面率を大きくしてもワイ
ヤ表面が円滑で傷が生じない。また、水溶性潤滑剤で乾
式伸線時に多量に付着した潤滑剤を洗浄して調整するの
で、溶接時もワイヤ表面に潤滑剤が均一に付着し、コン
ジットケーブルが長尺で、高電流の溶接条件においても
ワイヤ送給性が良好でアークも安定する。なお、本発明
でいう脂肪酸とは動植物の脂肪酸を、動植物油とはラー
ド、羊油，肝油，パーム油，菜種油，オリーブ油等をい
う。[Function] By applying an ester consisting of fatty acid and alcohol or animal or vegetable oil to the wire surface as a pretreatment for the wire drawing process up to the final size diameter, the lubricant is uniformly distributed during dry wire drawing, Even if the area reduction rate is increased, the wire surface is smooth and no scratches occur. In addition, since a large amount of the lubricant that adheres during dry drawing is adjusted with a water-soluble lubricant, the lubricant evenly adheres to the wire surface during welding, and the long conduit cable and high current welding Even under the conditions, the wire feedability is good and the arc is stable. The fatty acids referred to in the present invention are animal and plant fatty acids, and the animal and vegetable oils are lard, sheep oil, liver oil, palm oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil and the like.
【００１０】また、エステルまたは動植物油のワイヤ表
面への塗布は、ワイヤをエステルまたは動植物油の入っ
た槽内を通す、またはロールやフェルトなどで塗布す
る。それらの塗布工程は、メッキ処理後、メッキ処理し
ない場合は、焼鈍後またはワイヤ径４．０ｍｍ以下で塗
布することが、乾式伸線時潤滑剤を均一に分布するので
乾式伸線性が良好となる。しかし、これ以上のワイヤ径
でエステルまたは動植物油を塗布して乾式伸線したの
ち、さらに再度エステルまたは動植物油を塗布して乾式
伸線することも可能である。To apply the ester or animal or vegetable oil to the wire surface, the wire is passed through a tank containing the ester or animal or vegetable oil, or is applied with a roll or felt. In the coating process, after the plating treatment, when the plating treatment is not performed, it is preferable to apply the coating after annealing or with a wire diameter of 4.0 mm or less because the lubricant during dry drawing is evenly distributed, so that the dry drawing property is good. . However, it is also possible to apply ester or animal and vegetable oil with a wire diameter larger than this and dry wire drawing, and then apply ester or animal and vegetable oil again and dry wire drawing.
【００１１】エステルまたは動植物油塗布後の乾式伸線
に使用される潤滑剤は、無機物系または無水系の潤滑剤
である。有機系の潤滑剤であると、ベーキング処理が必
要となる。無機物系または無水系の潤滑剤は、一般に乾
式伸線で使用されている四弗化エチレン、二硫化モリブ
デン、グラファイト等の溶接時ワイヤ送給性を良好にす
る潤滑剤を適量含むものであれば良い。The lubricant used for dry drawing after application of the ester or animal and vegetable oil is an inorganic or anhydrous lubricant. An organic lubricant requires baking treatment. Inorganic or anhydrous lubricants, as long as they contain a proper amount of a lubricant such as ethylene tetrafluoride, molybdenum disulfide, graphite, etc., which is commonly used in dry drawing, to improve the wire feedability during welding. good.
【００１２】さらに、水溶性潤滑剤は、水にカリ石鹸，
フッ素樹脂，ホウ酸，ポリエーテルポリオール等を適量
混合したものを用いる。水溶性潤滑剤は、乾式伸線で多
量に付着した無機物系または無水系の潤滑剤を洗浄し、
ワイヤ表面に適量かつ均一に残留させて、溶接時のワイ
ヤの送給性を良好にする。残留させる潤滑剤量は５０〜
５００ｍｇ／ワイヤ１０ｋｇに調整するのが好ましく、
５０ｍｇ／ワイヤ１０ｋｇ未満では溶接時のワイヤ送給
性が不良となり、５００ｍｇ／ワイヤ１０ｋｇを超える
とチップに潤滑剤が蓄積されてアーク切れやチップ詰ま
りが生じるようになる。なお、前記水溶性潤滑剤による
洗浄は循環する水溶性潤滑剤のシャワーなどで行い、残
留潤滑剤の量はその強弱で調整する。また、ワイヤ表面
に残る水溶性潤滑剤からの水分は、洗浄後にスキンパス
伸線を行えばその摩擦熱で蒸発する。Further, the water-soluble lubricant is potassium soap in water,
An appropriate amount of fluororesin, boric acid, polyether polyol, etc. is used. Water-soluble lubricants are used to clean inorganic or anhydrous lubricants that are attached in large quantities by dry drawing.
A proper amount and evenly remain on the wire surface to improve the wire feedability during welding. The amount of remaining lubricant is 50-
It is preferable to adjust to 500 mg / 10 kg of wire,
If it is less than 50 mg / wire 10 kg, the wire feedability at the time of welding will be poor, and if it exceeds 500 mg / wire 10 kg, the lubricant will be accumulated in the tip and arc breakage or tip clogging will occur. The cleaning with the water-soluble lubricant is performed by a shower of the circulating water-soluble lubricant or the like, and the amount of the residual lubricant is adjusted depending on its strength. Further, the water remaining from the water-soluble lubricant on the surface of the wire evaporates due to the friction heat of the skin path wire drawing after cleaning.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】以下、実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に説
明する。まず、ＪＩＳ Ｚ３３１２に規定されるＹＧＷ
１１のソリッドワイヤ、ＪＩＳＺ３３１３に規定される
ＹＦＷ２４のシームレスフラックス入りワイヤ（フラッ
クス充填率１４％）を２．０，２．６ｍｍおよび３．０
ｍｍの３種の径に伸線・メッキ処理したものを、１．２
ｍｍの製品径まで表１に示す各製造方法で各１０００ｋ
ｇを伸線し、その時の伸線性を調べるとともにスプール
巻きワイヤとした。なお、無機物系または無水系の潤滑
剤残留量の調整は、水溶性潤滑剤を循環するシャワーの
強弱で行い、付着した水分はスキンパス伸線の摩擦熱で
除去した。また、ワイヤ送給性は、図１に示す装置を用
いて調べた。すなわち、送給抵抗を高める目的で、直径
２００ｍｍのループ２回転を設けた６ｍのコンジットケ
ーブル１にスプール２から引き出された供試ワイヤを送
給モータ３によって供給し、トーチ４に送り、各ワイヤ
１０ｋｇを溶接した。The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. First, YGW specified in JIS Z3312
11 solid wires and YFW24 seamless flux-cored wire (flux filling rate 14%) specified in JIS Z3313 are 2.0, 2.6 mm and 3.0.
1.2 mm for wire drawing / plating to 3 mm diameters
Each manufacturing method shown in Table 1 up to a product diameter of mm
g was drawn, the wire drawability at that time was examined, and a spooled wire was obtained. The residual amount of the inorganic or anhydrous lubricant was adjusted by adjusting the strength of the shower circulating the water-soluble lubricant, and the adhered water was removed by the friction heat of the skin pass wire drawing. The wire feedability was examined using the device shown in FIG. That is, for the purpose of increasing the feeding resistance, a test wire pulled out from the spool 2 is fed by a feeding motor 3 to a 6 m conduit cable 1 provided with a loop 2 rotation of a diameter of 200 mm, fed to a torch 4, and each wire is fed. 10 kg was welded.
【００１４】その時の溶接条件は次の通りである。 溶接電流 ： ３００Ａ 溶接電圧 ： ２８〜３０Ｖ 溶接速度 ： ３０ｃｍ／分 シールドガス ： ＣＯ2 ２０リットル／分 溶接方法 ： ビードオンプレート ワイヤ送給性は、送給モータ３の電機子電流の測定によ
り調べた。なお、ワイヤ送給性は電機子電流が３．５Ａ
を超えると不良になり、アークも不安定となる。それら
の結果を表１に示す。The welding conditions at that time are as follows. Welding current: 300 A Welding voltage: 28-30 V Welding speed: 30 cm / min Shielding gas: CO 2 20 liters / min Welding method: Bead on plate Wire feedability was examined by measuring armature current of feed motor 3. . The wire feedability is 3.5 A for armature current.
If it exceeds, it becomes defective and the arc becomes unstable. The results are shown in Table 1.
【００１５】[0015]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１６】表１において、試験例１〜４が本発明によ
るアーク溶接用ワイヤの製造例、試験例５〜７が比較例
である。本発明による試験例１〜４は、伸線時に表面傷
が無く良好で、溶接時においても送給モータの電機子電
流が低く、アークが安定しており極めて満足な結果であ
った。比較例中、Ｎｏ．５は乾式伸線であるが、伸線前
にエステルまたは動植物油を塗布していないので、無機
物系または無水系の潤滑剤が均一にワイヤ表面に分布さ
れず、伸線時ワイヤ表面に傷が生じた。また、溶接時送
給モータの電機子電流が高くアークも不安定であった。In Table 1, Test Examples 1 to 4 are production examples of the arc welding wire according to the present invention, and Test Examples 5 to 7 are comparative examples. In Test Examples 1 to 4 according to the present invention, there were no surface scratches during wire drawing, and the armature current of the feed motor was low even during welding, and the arc was stable, which was a very satisfactory result. In the comparative example, No. No. 5 is dry drawing, but since no ester or animal or vegetable oil was applied before drawing, the inorganic or anhydrous lubricant was not evenly distributed on the wire surface, and scratches were formed on the wire surface during drawing. occured. Further, the armature current of the feeding motor during welding was high and the arc was unstable.
【００１７】Ｎｏ．６は湿式伸線の例で、伸線性は良好
であったが、溶接時の送給モータの電機子電流が高くア
ークが不安定であった。また、ダイス数が多く製造時の
準備に時間がかかり能率面に問題がある。Ｎｏ．７は、
水溶性潤滑剤で無機物系または無水系の潤滑剤を洗浄し
て残留潤滑剤の量を調整していないので残留潤滑剤の量
が多く、チップに潤滑剤が蓄積されてアーク切れおよび
チップ詰まりも生じた。No. No. 6 is an example of wet wire drawing, and the wire drawability was good, but the armature current of the feed motor during welding was high and the arc was unstable. In addition, since the number of dies is large, it takes time to prepare for manufacturing, which causes a problem in efficiency. No. 7 is
Since the amount of residual lubricant is not adjusted by washing the inorganic or anhydrous lubricant with a water-soluble lubricant, the amount of residual lubricant is large, and the lubricant accumulates on the tip, causing arc breakage and chip clogging. occured.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、本発明のアーク溶
接用ワイヤの製造方法によれば、ワイヤ表面に傷が生じ
ず円滑で高能率に伸線できるとともに、ワイヤ表面に適
量かつ均一に潤滑剤を残留することができるので長尺の
コンジットケーブルを使用し、かつ高電流で溶接される
場合においても良好な送給性が得られるので、アーク溶
接用ワイヤの生産性および溶接の高能率化に大きく寄与
するものである。As described above in detail, according to the method for producing an arc welding wire of the present invention, the wire surface can be smoothly and efficiently drawn without being scratched, and an appropriate amount and a uniform wire surface can be obtained. Since the lubricant can remain, a long conduit cable is used, and good feedability can be obtained even when welding at high current, so the productivity of arc welding wire and high welding efficiency It will greatly contribute to the realization.
【図１】本発明の実施例に使用した溶接装置を示す図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a welding device used in an embodiment of the present invention.
１ コンジットケーブル ２ スプール ３ 送給モータ ４ トーチ 1 Conduit cable 2 Spool 3 Feed motor 4 Torch
Claims (1)
て、脂肪酸とアルコールからなるエステルまたは動植物
油をワイヤ表面に塗布したのち無機物系または無水系の
潤滑剤を用いて乾式伸線をし、次いで水溶性潤滑剤で該
乾式伸線で付着した潤滑剤を洗浄調整することを特徴と
するアーク溶接用ワイヤの製造方法。1. In a process for producing an arc welding wire, an ester consisting of fatty acid and alcohol or animal or vegetable oil is applied to the surface of the wire, followed by dry drawing using an inorganic or anhydrous lubricant, and then water-soluble. A method for manufacturing an arc welding wire, comprising: cleaning and adjusting a lubricant adhered by the dry drawing with a lubricant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28545493A JP3195478B2 (en) | 1993-11-16 | 1993-11-16 | Manufacturing method of wire for arc welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28545493A JP3195478B2 (en) | 1993-11-16 | 1993-11-16 | Manufacturing method of wire for arc welding |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07136796A true JPH07136796A (en) | 1995-05-30 |
| JP3195478B2 JP3195478B2 (en) | 2001-08-06 |
Family
ID=17691733
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28545493A Expired - Fee Related JP3195478B2 (en) | 1993-11-16 | 1993-11-16 | Manufacturing method of wire for arc welding |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3195478B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09141491A (en) * | 1995-11-20 | 1997-06-03 | Nippon Steel Weld Prod & Eng Co Ltd | Production of arc welding wire |
| US8901455B2 (en) | 2008-06-18 | 2014-12-02 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Welding wire for submerged arc welding |
| US8952295B2 (en) | 2008-06-18 | 2015-02-10 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Welding wire with perovskite coating |
-
1993
- 1993-11-16 JP JP28545493A patent/JP3195478B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09141491A (en) * | 1995-11-20 | 1997-06-03 | Nippon Steel Weld Prod & Eng Co Ltd | Production of arc welding wire |
| US8901455B2 (en) | 2008-06-18 | 2014-12-02 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Welding wire for submerged arc welding |
| US8952295B2 (en) | 2008-06-18 | 2015-02-10 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Welding wire with perovskite coating |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3195478B2 (en) | 2001-08-06 |
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