JPH0684587A - Thermosensitive heater - Google Patents
Thermosensitive heaterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0684587A JPH0684587A JP23699992A JP23699992A JPH0684587A JP H0684587 A JPH0684587 A JP H0684587A JP 23699992 A JP23699992 A JP 23699992A JP 23699992 A JP23699992 A JP 23699992A JP H0684587 A JPH0684587 A JP H0684587A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- sensitive
- conductor
- temperature
- resistance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、おもに電気採暖器具に
用いる感熱ヒータに関する。さらに詳しくは、一般加熱
用ヒータのほか電気カーペット、床暖房、電気毛布など
の電気暖房器具に有用な感熱ヒータに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat-sensitive heater mainly used for electric heating appliances. More specifically, the present invention relates to a heat-sensitive heater useful for electric heating appliances such as electric carpets, floor heating, and electric blankets as well as general heating heaters.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、電気毛布、電気カーペット等電気
採暖器具に用いる可撓性線状の温度センサには、温度検
知線とヒータ線という別個の二本の線を用いる二線式方
式と、これらを一体化した感熱ヒータ線を用いる一線式
方式とがある。プラスチックサーミスタ（高分子感温
体）を用いたこれらの温度制御方式は、広い面積中の局
所過熱を優先的に検出する方法として優れ、国内におけ
る布製電気採暖器具の温度制御方式はほとんどこの方式
となっている。この温度センサは、二重スパイラル電極
線間に高分子感温体を配設して構成された可撓性電線
で、その長さ方向に一並列等価回路を持つセンサであ
る。一方、ヒータはその線の長さ方向に通電加熱されヒ
ータとされている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a flexible linear temperature sensor used for electric heating appliances such as an electric blanket and an electric carpet has a two-wire system using two separate wires, a temperature detecting wire and a heater wire, There is a one-wire system using a heat-sensitive heater wire in which these are integrated. These temperature control methods using a plastic thermistor (polymer temperature sensor) are excellent as a method for preferentially detecting local overheating in a large area, and most of the temperature control methods for cloth electric heating appliances in Japan are similar to this method. Has become. This temperature sensor is a flexible electric wire formed by disposing a polymer temperature sensor between double spiral electrode wires, and has one parallel equivalent circuit in its length direction. On the other hand, the heater is electrically heated in the length direction of the wire to be a heater.
【０００３】この中でも一線式方式は、採暖機器内に一
本の感熱ヒータ線を配線すればよいという特徴を持ち、
それ一本で温度検知機能のほかヒータや保安用温度ヒュ
ーズの機能も兼ねている。Among them, the one-wire system has a feature that one heat-sensitive heater wire may be wired in a warming device,
In addition to the temperature detection function, it also functions as a heater and a thermal fuse for safety.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、この一線式方
式には次のような課題があり、構成の簡単でかつ高性能
な新規な優れた感熱ヒータが望まれていた。 １）温度センサの信号を処理する温度検知回路と温度制
御回路を必要とする。 ２）高分子感温体が自己発熱しないように高インピーダ
ンスでありながら、かつ高いサーミスタＢ定数をもつこ
と。 ３）直流分極による経時変化をしないこと。 ４）線の長さ方向に並列構造のため、基本的に少なくと
も２本の電極線を必要とし、製造工数、材料費の面で高
コストとなる。However, this one-wire system has the following problems, and a new excellent thermal heater having a simple structure and high performance has been desired. 1) A temperature detection circuit and a temperature control circuit for processing the signal of the temperature sensor are required. 2) The high temperature thermistor must have a high thermistor B constant while maintaining high impedance so that the polymer temperature sensor does not self-heat. 3) Do not change with time due to DC polarization. 4) Because of the parallel structure in the length direction of the wire, basically at least two electrode wires are required, resulting in high manufacturing man-hours and material costs.
【０００５】本発明は、前記従来技術の課題を解決する
ため、構成が簡単で、温度制御システムとしても簡単な
構成で温度制御できる新規な高性能の感熱ヒータを提供
することを目的としている。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a novel high-performance heat sensitive heater having a simple structure and capable of controlling temperature with a simple structure as a temperature control system.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、本発明の感熱ヒータは、線状または面状の発熱用
導体に、大きな負の抵抗温度係数を有する感温抵抗層を
直接接して設け、前記発熱用導体の両端に電圧を印加し
て前記発熱用導体と前記感温抵抗層の両者を発熱させる
という構成を備えたものである。In order to achieve the above object, the heat-sensitive heater of the present invention has a linear or planar heat-generating conductor directly provided with a temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance. It is provided in contact with the heat generating conductor, and a voltage is applied to both ends of the heat generating conductor to heat both the heat generating conductor and the temperature-sensitive resistance layer.
【０００７】前記構成においては、感熱ヒータが可撓性
電線を構成し、発熱用導体の抵抗値ＲC に対し、感温抵
抗層の抵抗値ＲN が前記の式（数１）を満足することが
好ましい。In the above structure, the heat-sensitive heater constitutes a flexible electric wire, and the resistance value R N of the temperature-sensitive resistance layer satisfies the above equation (Equation 1) with respect to the resistance value R C of the heating conductor. It is preferable.
【０００８】また前記構成においては、大きな負の抵抗
温度係数を有する感温抵抗層が、電子伝導形半導性高分
子組成物、高イオン伝導性高分子組成物、熱膨張性導電
粒子と低膨張性高分子マトリクスとよりなる導電性高分
子組成物、セラミック急変サーミスタ粒子含有高分子組
成物より選ばれた少なくとも一種の半導電性高分子組成
物であることが好ましい。Further, in the above structure, the temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance includes the electron-conducting semiconducting polymer composition, the high ion-conducting polymer composition, the thermally expansive conductive particles and the low-temperature conductive layer. It is preferable that it is at least one kind of semiconductive polymer composition selected from a conductive polymer composition comprising an expansive polymer matrix and a polymer composition containing ceramic abrupt change thermistor particles.
【０００９】また前記構成においては、線状の発熱用導
体が、金属線あるいは芯糸上にスパイラルに卷かれた金
属線であることが好ましい。また前記構成においては、
面状の発熱用導体が、金属ネット、表面に導電層を有す
る高分子ネット、カーボン繊維ネットの何れかであるこ
とが好ましい。In the above structure, it is preferable that the linear heating conductor is a metal wire or a metal wire spirally wound on a core yarn. Further, in the above configuration,
It is preferable that the planar heat-generating conductor is any one of a metal net, a polymer net having a conductive layer on the surface, and a carbon fiber net.
【００１０】また前記構成においては、発熱用導体が、
ニッケル、ニッケル含有合金、銅合金、カーボン繊維よ
り選ばれた一種であることが好ましい。また前記構成に
おいては、芯糸上に内巻スパイラル金属線、円筒状熱溶
融性高分子層、外巻スパイラル金属線、大きな負の抵抗
温度係数を有する感温抵抗層、絶縁外被を順次形成し、
前記外巻スパイラル金属線を線状の発熱用導体として用
いることが好ましい。In the above structure, the heat generating conductor is
It is preferably one selected from nickel, nickel-containing alloys, copper alloys, and carbon fibers. Further, in the above-mentioned structure, an inner wound spiral metal wire, a cylindrical heat-fusible polymer layer, an outer wound spiral metal wire, a temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance, and an insulating jacket are sequentially formed on the core yarn. Then
It is preferable to use the outer spiral metal wire as a linear heating conductor.
【００１１】[0011]
【作用】前記本発明の感熱ヒータの構成によれば、一対
の電極端子間に発熱用導体と大きな負の抵抗温度係数を
有する感温抵抗層とがお互いに接して直並列等価回路を
構成する。それ故、電極間を流れる発熱電流はオームの
法則に従って抵抗値の低い方に多く流れることになる。
この感熱ヒータの熱放散が全体的に均一で温度分布が生
じないときは一般のヒータと同様である。しかし、局所
的に熱放散が異なり温度分布を生じる場合には、本発明
の感熱ヒータでは局所保温部の感温抵抗層の抵抗値がそ
の過熱を反映してＲN-OTからＲN-HTに大きく低下するた
め、その部分の発熱量（Ｉ2 ＲN ）が大きく低下し局所
過熱を大きく低減させることができる。これによって全
体の抵抗値も低下することになるがその全体抵抗値の減
少量は局所のため極僅かである。それ故、局所過熱を優
先的に高感度に低下させることができる。According to the structure of the heat-sensitive heater of the present invention, the heat-generating conductor and the temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative resistance temperature coefficient are in contact with each other between the pair of electrode terminals to form a series-parallel equivalent circuit. . Therefore, a large amount of the heating current flowing between the electrodes flows in the direction of lower resistance according to Ohm's law.
When the heat dissipation of the heat sensitive heater is uniform throughout and the temperature distribution does not occur, it is the same as a general heater. However, if the resulting locally different heat dissipation temperature distribution, the resistance value of the temperature-sensitive resistance layer of the local heat insulating portion in the thermal heater of the present invention to reflect that overheating R N-OT from R N-HT Therefore, the calorific value (I 2 RN ) at that portion is greatly reduced, and local overheating can be greatly reduced. As a result, the overall resistance value also decreases, but the amount of decrease in the overall resistance value is extremely small because it is local. Therefore, local overheating can be preferentially reduced with high sensitivity.
【００１２】本発明の感熱ヒータにおいて、発熱用導体
の抵抗値ＲC と感温抵抗層の抵抗値ＲN の関係は上記の
（数１）ような関係が望ましい。この感熱ヒータの設計
に当たっては、材料の導電率、形状（厚み、径など）を
考慮して上記の（数１）を満足する抵抗値になるように
設計される。In the heat-sensitive heater of the present invention, the relationship between the resistance value R C of the heat-generating conductor and the resistance value R N of the temperature-sensitive resistance layer is preferably the above-described relationship (Equation 1). In designing the heat-sensitive heater, the resistance value satisfying the above (Equation 1) is designed in consideration of the conductivity and shape (thickness, diameter, etc.) of the material.
【００１３】本発明に用いる大きな負の抵抗温度係数を
有する感温抵抗層の具体的な材料としては、電子伝導形
半導性高分子組成物、高イオン伝導性高分子組成物、熱
膨張性導電粒子と低膨張性高分子マトリクスとよりなる
導電性高分子組成物、セラミック急変サーミスタ粒子含
有高分子組成物より選ばれた少なくとも一種の半導電性
高分子組成物より構成されるのが好ましい。イオン伝導
性の材料は直流ではイオン分極により経時変化を受け安
いが、交流電圧下ではそれがなく充分使用できる。Specific examples of the material of the temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance used in the present invention include electron-conducting semiconducting polymer compositions, high ion-conducting polymer compositions, and thermal expansion properties. It is preferably composed of at least one semiconductive polymer composition selected from a conductive polymer composition comprising conductive particles and a low expansion polymer matrix and a polymer composition containing ceramic abrupt change thermistor particles. Ion-conductive materials are less susceptible to changes with time due to ionic polarization in direct current, but they can be used satisfactorily under AC voltage.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】次に、実施例を用いて本発明を説明する。図
１は本発明の一実施例の基本概念図である。一対の電極
端子２、２’間に発熱用導体１と大きな負の抵抗温度係
数を有する感温抵抗層３とが図１のようにお互いに接し
て構成される。その電気回路は図２のような直並列等価
回路を構成する。それ故、電極間を流れる発熱電流はオ
ームの法則に従って抵抗値の低い方に多く流れることに
なる。この感熱ヒータの熱放散が全体的に均一で温度分
布が生じないときは一般のヒータと同様である。しか
し、局所的に熱放散が異なり温度分布を生じる場合に
は、図３のように本発明の感熱ヒータでは局所保温部の
感温抵抗層の抵抗値がその過熱を反映してＲN-OTからＲ
N-HTに大きく低下するため、その部分の発熱量（Ｉ2 Ｒ
N ）が大きく低下し局所過熱を大きく低減させることが
できる。これによって全体の抵抗値も低下することにな
るがその全体抵抗値の減少量は局所のため極僅かであ
る。それ故、局所過熱を優先的に高感度に低下させるこ
とができる。EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described with reference to examples. FIG. 1 is a basic conceptual diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. A heating conductor 1 and a temperature-sensitive resistance layer 3 having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance are formed in contact with each other between a pair of electrode terminals 2 and 2'as shown in FIG. The electric circuit constitutes a serial-parallel equivalent circuit as shown in FIG. Therefore, a large amount of the heating current flowing between the electrodes flows in the direction of lower resistance according to Ohm's law. When the heat dissipation of the heat sensitive heater is uniform throughout and the temperature distribution does not occur, it is the same as a general heater. However, if the resulting locally different heat dissipation temperature distribution, the resistance value of the temperature-sensitive resistance layer of the local heat insulating portion in the thermal heater of the present invention as shown in FIG. 3 to reflect that overheating R N-OT To R
To greatly reduced to N-HT, heating value of the portion (I 2 R
N ) is greatly reduced, and local overheating can be greatly reduced. As a result, the overall resistance value also decreases, but the amount of decrease in the overall resistance value is extremely small because it is local. Therefore, local overheating can be preferentially reduced with high sensitivity.
【００１５】本発明の感熱ヒータは、線状あるいは面状
の発熱用導体の全体にわたって、大きな負の抵抗温度係
数を有する感温抵抗層を直接接して設け、前記発熱用導
体の両端に電圧を印加して前記発熱用導体と前記感温抵
抗層の両者を発熱させる。線状の感熱ヒータの具体例
は、図５の（ａ）（ｂ）（ｃ）のように表わされる。
（ａ）は芯糸５の上に発熱用導体１をスパイラル状に形
成しその上に大きな負の抵抗温度係数を有する感温抵抗
層３と絶縁外被６とを形成している。この感熱ヒータは
一本の巻線のみからなる簡単な構造でありながら局所過
熱を高感度に検出する高性能の感熱ヒータとなる。この
感熱ヒータの両端に印加する電圧あるいは通電時間（パ
ルスデューティ）を変化させるだけで局所過熱事故の起
きない優れた温度制御を容易に実現できる。（ｂ）は
（ａ）と同じ機能であるが、これは芯線が発熱用導体１
よりなる最も簡単な構成の高性能な線状の感熱ヒータ線
である。（ｃ）は芯糸５の上に信号線８をスパイラル状
に形成しその上に熱溶融性高分子層７を形成している。
さらに、発熱用導体１をスパイラル状に形成しその上に
大きな負の抵抗温度係数を有する感温抵抗層３と絶縁外
被６とを形成している。この感熱ヒータは（ａ）の感熱
ヒータの機能の他に、二本の巻線１、８間の熱溶融性高
分子層７が、異常過熱時に溶融し、他熱源の過熱をも検
知し温度ヒューズとしての最終保安動作をする。In the heat-sensitive heater of the present invention, a temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance is provided in direct contact with the entire linear or planar heat-generating conductor, and a voltage is applied across the heat-generating conductor. It is applied to heat both the heat-generating conductor and the temperature-sensitive resistance layer. A specific example of the linear heat-sensitive heater is represented as in (a), (b) and (c) of FIG.
In (a), the heat generating conductor 1 is spirally formed on the core yarn 5, and the temperature sensitive resistance layer 3 having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance and the insulating jacket 6 are formed thereon. This heat-sensitive heater has a simple structure including only one winding, but is a high-performance heat-sensitive heater that detects local overheat with high sensitivity. By simply changing the voltage applied to both ends of the heat sensitive heater or the energization time (pulse duty), excellent temperature control without causing a local overheating accident can be easily realized. (B) has the same function as (a), except that the core wire has a heating conductor 1
It is a high-performance linear heat-sensitive heater wire having the simplest structure. In (c), the signal line 8 is spirally formed on the core yarn 5, and the heat-fusible polymer layer 7 is formed thereon.
Further, the heating conductor 1 is formed in a spiral shape, and the temperature sensitive resistance layer 3 having a large negative resistance temperature coefficient and the insulating jacket 6 are formed thereon. In addition to the function of the heat-sensitive heater of (a), this heat-sensitive heater melts the heat-fusible polymer layer 7 between the two windings 1 and 8 at the time of abnormal overheating and detects the overheating of another heat source to detect the temperature. Performs final security operation as a fuse.
【００１６】一方、本発明における面状の発熱用導体と
は、シート状、網状、織物状、不織布状の導電性シート
をいう。本発明による構成を網状発熱体に適用すれば、
簡単な構成で過熱による事故を防ぎ、安全性を大きく高
めることができる。しかし、面状の発熱用導体は、元々
発熱密度が線状ヒータに比べ低いため、一般には上記の
線状感熱ヒータにおけるほどの局所過熱防止の効果が必
要とされていない。On the other hand, the planar heat-generating conductor in the present invention means a sheet-like, net-like, woven or non-woven conductive sheet. When the configuration according to the present invention is applied to the reticulated heating element,
With a simple structure, accidents due to overheating can be prevented and safety can be greatly improved. However, since the planar heat generating conductor originally has a lower heat generation density than the linear heater, the effect of preventing local overheating as in the above linear heat sensitive heater is not generally required.
【００１７】また、本発明には、リボン状の発熱用導体
を用いて、それに接して大きな負の抵抗温度係数を有す
る感温抵抗層３と絶縁外被６とでラミネートした箔状電
線の構成もある。Further, according to the present invention, a ribbon-shaped heat-generating conductor is used, and a foil-shaped electric wire is formed by laminating the temperature-sensitive resistive layer 3 having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance and the insulating jacket 6 in contact with the conductor. There is also.
【００１８】本発明の感熱ヒータは、線状あるいは面状
の発熱用導体の全体にわたって、大きな負の抵抗温度係
数を有する感温抵抗層を直接接して設けられるが、図１
のように発熱用導体１の全体に連続的に接しなくても、
所々切れたあるいは一定距離毎に間隔を置いた感温抵抗
層の構成もあり、本発明はこれを含む。The heat-sensitive heater of the present invention is provided by directly contacting a temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance over the entire linear or planar heating conductor.
Even if it does not continuously contact the entire heat-generating conductor 1 like
The present invention includes a configuration of the temperature-sensitive resistance layer that is cut off at some places or is spaced at regular intervals.
【００１９】本発明に用いる大きな負の抵抗温度係数を
有する感温抵抗層は、電子伝導形半導性高分子組成物、
高イオン伝導性高分子組成物、熱膨張性導電粒子と低膨
張性高分子マトリクスとよりなる導電性高分子組成物、
セラミック急変サーミスタ粒子含有高分子組成物より選
ばれた少なくとも一種の半導電性高分子組成物より構成
されるのが好ましい。電子伝導形半導性高分子組成物
は、半導性無機粒子含有高分子組成物、導電性高分子、
有機半導体含有高分子組成物などの負の温度係数を有す
る電子伝導性材料によって構成される。熱膨張性導電粒
子と低膨張性高分子マトリクスとよりなる導電性高分子
組成物は、温度上昇とともに導電粒子間の接触が増し導
電率が大きく増加する高分子組成物である。セラミック
急変サーミスタ粒子含有高分子組成物とは、Ｂａ，Ｓ
ｉ，Ｐなどを含むＶ2 Ｏ3 のようなセラミック半導体粒
子を高分子マトリクス中に分散した組成物で、このＶ2
Ｏ3 の場合には抵抗値が６０℃付近で３〜４桁低下する
優れた感温特性を有する。The temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance used in the present invention is an electron-conducting semiconducting polymer composition,
High ionic conductive polymer composition, conductive polymer composition comprising thermally expandable conductive particles and low expansion polymer matrix,
It is preferably composed of at least one semiconductive polymer composition selected from the polymer compositions containing ceramic abrupt change thermistor particles. The electron conductive type semiconductive polymer composition is a semiconductive inorganic particle-containing polymer composition, a conductive polymer,
It is composed of an electron conductive material having a negative temperature coefficient, such as an organic semiconductor-containing polymer composition. The conductive polymer composition composed of the thermally expandable conductive particles and the low expansion polymer matrix is a polymer composition in which the contact between the conductive particles is increased and the conductivity is greatly increased as the temperature rises. The polymer composition containing ceramic abrupt change thermistor particles is Ba, S
i, the ceramic semiconductor particles such as V 2 O 3, including P with the composition dispersed in a polymer matrix, the V 2
In the case of O 3 , it has an excellent temperature-sensitive property that the resistance value decreases by 3 to 4 digits at around 60 ° C.
【００２０】本発明の感熱ヒータを用いて温度制御する
電子回路は、この感熱ヒータが温度上昇とともに全抵抗
が低下する構成であるため、基本的に電流制限機能をも
つ回路で駆動し、全電流を制限して温度制御する必要が
ある。この電流制限は、感熱ヒータの両端に印加する電
圧あるいは通電時間（パルスデューティ）を変化させる
方法で可能であり、簡単な回路で局所過熱事故の起きな
い優れた温度制御を容易に実現できる。交流、直流、パ
ルス回路のいずれも利用できる。ヒータの両端に印加す
る電圧を変えて温度制御する場合は、放熱や温度分布の
大きい場合がむしろ適し、電流制限の保護機構を備える
ことが望ましい。また、この感熱ヒータ自身の電流を検
知して、その電流値により温度制御をする回路構成も簡
便な温度制御方法である。The electronic circuit for controlling the temperature using the heat-sensitive heater of the present invention has a structure in which the total resistance of the heat-sensitive heater decreases as the temperature rises. It is necessary to limit the temperature control. This current limitation can be achieved by changing the voltage applied to both ends of the heat-sensitive heater or the energization time (pulse duty), and excellent temperature control that does not cause a local overheating accident can be easily realized with a simple circuit. Any of AC, DC and pulse circuits can be used. In the case of controlling the temperature by changing the voltage applied to both ends of the heater, it is rather suitable that the heat radiation and the temperature distribution are large, and it is desirable to provide a current limiting protection mechanism. Further, the circuit configuration in which the current of the heat sensitive heater itself is detected and the temperature is controlled by the current value is also a simple temperature control method.
【００２１】実施例１ 耐熱性繊維である１５００デニールの芳香族ポリエステ
ル（クラレ製ベクトラン）芯糸５上に、図５（ａ）のよ
うに発熱用導体１として、箔幅0.3mm 、箔厚0.055mm の
ステンレス線をピッチ0.8mm でスパイラルに巻き、１ｍ
当り２０Ωのヒータ線を作った。ついでスルフォン酸基
をもつイオン性オリゴマをドーパントとするポリピロー
ルよりなる可撓性の半導性高分子組成物を用いて大きな
負の抵抗温度係数を有する感温抵抗層３を厚み０．４ｍ
ｍで被覆し、さらにポリ塩化ビニル組成物で絶縁外被６
を形成し感熱ヒータを得た。この感温抵抗層の抵抗は、
１ｍ当り常温で７０Ωで、６０℃で３０Ω、１００℃で
６Ωであった。Example 1 As shown in FIG. 5 (a), a foil width of 0.3 mm and a foil thickness of 0.055 were formed on a core fiber 5 of aromatic polyester (Vectran manufactured by Kuraray) having a heat resistance of 1500 denier. A stainless steel wire of mm is spirally wound with a pitch of 0.8 mm and 1 m
A 20 Ω heater wire was made. Next, a temperature-sensitive resistance layer 3 having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance of 0.4 m was formed by using a flexible semiconducting polymer composition composed of polypyrrole having an ionic oligomer having a sulfonic acid group as a dopant.
m, and then a polyvinyl chloride composition for insulating insulation 6
To form a heat-sensitive heater. The resistance of this temperature sensitive resistance layer is
It was 70Ω at room temperature, 30Ω at 60 ° C, and 6Ω at 100 ° C per meter.
【００２２】この感熱ヒータ線を１５ｍに切断し発熱用
導体１の両端の６０Ｈｚのインピーダンスを測定したと
ころ、常温で２３０Ω、６０℃で１８０Ω、１００℃で
７０Ωであった。これを電気敷毛布に配線し、電流制御
回路をもつ電気回路により交流１００Ｖを印加して使用
したところ、快適な暖房が得られた。さらに、一部をキ
ンクして（丸めて）異常状態を作ったがそのキンク箇所
の温度は他の部分に比べ１３℃アップしただけであっ
た。When this heat-sensitive heater wire was cut into 15 m and the impedance of 60 Hz at both ends of the heat-generating conductor 1 was measured, it was 230Ω at room temperature, 180Ω at 60 ° C, and 70Ω at 100 ° C. When this was wired on an electric blanket and 100 V AC was applied by an electric circuit having a current control circuit for use, comfortable heating was obtained. Further, a part was kinked (rounded) to create an abnormal state, but the temperature at the kink site was only 13 ° C higher than the other parts.
【００２３】実施例２ １５００デニールの芳香族ポリエステル（クラレ製ベク
トラン（商標名））芯糸５上に、図５（ｃ）のように信
号線８として、箔幅0.3mm 、箔厚0.07mmの錫入り銅線を
ピッチ0.7mm でスパイラルに巻き、ついで熱溶融性高分
子層７としてナイロン１２を０．２５ｍｍの厚みで被覆
した。さらに、発熱用導体１として、箔幅0.3mm 、箔厚
0.055mm のステンレス線をピッチ1.8mm でスパイラルに
巻き、１ｍ当り２０Ωのヒータ線を作った。ついでＶ2
Ｏ3 を主成分とするセラミック半導体粒子とカーボンブ
ラックとをナイロン共重合体中に分散した高分子組成物
を用いて大きな負の抵抗温度係数を有する感温抵抗層３
を厚み０．４ｍｍで被覆し、さらにポリ塩化ビニル組成
物で絶縁外被６を形成し感熱ヒータを得た。この感温抵
抗層の抵抗は、１ｍ当り常温で４０Ωで、４５℃で３５
Ω、７０℃で８Ω、８０℃で６Ωであった。Example 2 A 1500 denier aromatic polyester (Vectran (trade name) manufactured by Kuraray) core yarn 5 was used as a signal line 8 as shown in FIG. 5C, with a foil width of 0.3 mm and a foil thickness of 0.07 mm. A tinned copper wire was spirally wound at a pitch of 0.7 mm, and then nylon 12 was coated as a heat-meltable polymer layer 7 with a thickness of 0.25 mm. Furthermore, as the heating conductor 1, the foil width is 0.3 mm and the foil thickness is
A 0.055 mm stainless wire was spirally wound at a pitch of 1.8 mm to make a heater wire of 20 Ω per 1 m. Then V 2
A temperature-sensitive resistance layer 3 having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance using a polymer composition in which ceramic semiconductor particles containing O 3 as a main component and carbon black are dispersed in a nylon copolymer.
Was coated with a thickness of 0.4 mm, and an insulating jacket 6 was formed with a polyvinyl chloride composition to obtain a heat-sensitive heater. The resistance of this temperature-sensitive resistance layer is 40 Ω / m at room temperature and 35 at 45 ° C.
Ω, 8 Ω at 70 ° C., 6 Ω at 80 ° C.
【００２４】この感熱ヒータ線を１５ｍに切断し発熱用
導体１の両端の６０Ｈｚのインピーダンスを測定したと
ころ、常温で２００Ω、４５℃で１９０Ω、７０℃で８
６Ω、８０℃で７０Ωであった。この感熱ヒータ線１５
ｍをを電気敷毛布に配線し、電流制限回路をもつ電気回
路を接続した。信号線８は直列に３３０Ωの保安用抵抗
とダイオードを介して制御回路に接続した。この温度制
御回路に１００Ｖの交流電源を接続し温度制御したとこ
ろ、実施例１と同様快適な暖房が得られた。さらに、一
部をキンクして（丸めて）異常状態を作ったがそのキン
ク箇所の温度は他の部分に比べ１０℃アップしただけで
あった。さらに、２００℃の他熱源を接触させたとこ
ろ、熱溶融性高分子層３が溶融し、信号線８と発熱用導
体線１間の短絡によって保安用抵抗に高電圧がかかり保
安用抵抗が発熱して、熱的に結合された主電源の温度ヒ
ューズを切断し、異常過熱保安機構として安全動作が確
認された。This heat-sensitive heater wire was cut into 15 m, and the impedance of 60 Hz at both ends of the heat-generating conductor 1 was measured. It was 200 Ω at room temperature, 190 Ω at 45 ° C., and 8 at 70 ° C.
It was 6Ω and 70Ω at 80 ° C. This heat sensitive heater wire 15
m was wired to an electric blanket and an electric circuit having a current limiting circuit was connected. The signal line 8 was connected in series to the control circuit via a 330Ω security resistor and a diode. When a 100 V AC power source was connected to this temperature control circuit to control the temperature, comfortable heating was obtained as in Example 1. Furthermore, a part was kinked (rounded) to create an abnormal state, but the temperature at the kink site was only increased by 10 ° C compared to the other parts. Further, when another heat source of 200 ° C. is contacted, the heat-fusible polymer layer 3 is melted, and a short circuit between the signal line 8 and the heating conductor line 1 causes a high voltage to be applied to the safety resistor, causing the safety resistor to generate heat. Then, the thermal fuse of the main power supply that was thermally coupled was cut off, and safe operation was confirmed as an abnormal overheat protection mechanism.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明は、線状あるいは面
状の発熱用導体の全体にわたって、大きな負の抵抗温度
係数を有する感温抵抗層を直接接して設けるだけの簡単
な構造で、局所過熱を優先的に高感度に低下させる優れ
た感熱ヒータを構成できる。この感熱ヒータの構造は、
従来のような信号（電極）線を必要とせず、構造が簡単
で低コストになる。また、二重スパイラル導体線構造よ
りなる構成によって、他熱源による過熱溶断機能も持つ
感熱ヒータにも構成できる。As described above, the present invention has a simple structure in which a temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance is provided directly over the entire linear or planar heating conductor, An excellent heat-sensitive heater that preferentially reduces local overheating to high sensitivity can be configured. The structure of this thermal heater is
It does not require a signal (electrode) line as in the prior art, and has a simple structure and low cost. In addition, a double-spiral conductor wire structure can be used as a heat-sensitive heater that also has an overheat fusing function by another heat source.
【００２６】さらに、本発明の感熱ヒータは、従来の高
分子感温体を用いる温度センサと異なり、温度検出回路
や電子制御回路なしで局所過熱低減機能を持つ温度制御
装置を構成できるという大きな特徴がある。また、この
感熱ヒータの電流を検知して温度制御も可能で、容易に
局所過熱を優先的に高感度に低下させる優れた感熱ヒー
タを構成できるものである。Further, the heat-sensitive heater of the present invention has a great feature that a temperature control device having a local overheat reducing function can be constructed without a temperature detection circuit or an electronic control circuit, unlike a conventional temperature sensor using a polymer temperature sensor. There is. In addition, the temperature of the heat sensitive heater can be controlled by detecting the current of the heat sensitive heater, and an excellent heat sensitive heater that preferentially reduces local overheating to high sensitivity can be configured.
【００２７】このように本発明は工業的価値の大なるも
のである。As described above, the present invention has great industrial value.
【図１】本発明における線状の感熱ヒータの基本的な構
成を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of a linear heat-sensitive heater according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明における線状の感熱ヒータの基本的な構
成の等価回路を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a basic configuration of a linear thermal heater according to the present invention.
【図３】本発明における線状の感熱ヒータの抵抗値と発
熱量の分布を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the distribution of the resistance value and the amount of heat generated by the linear heat sensitive heater of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の感熱ヒータの発熱用導体と大きな負の
温度係数を持つ感温抵抗層の各々の規格化抵抗の基本的
な温度特性を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a basic temperature characteristic of each standardized resistance of the heat-generating conductor of the heat-sensitive heater of the present invention and the temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative temperature coefficient.
【図５】本発明における線状の感熱ヒータの基本的な構
成の例を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a basic configuration of a linear heat sensitive heater according to the present invention.
１ 発熱用導体 ２，２’ 電極端子 ３ 大きな負の抵抗温度係数を有する感温抵抗層 ４ 電源回路 ５ 芯糸 ６ 絶縁外被 ７ 熱溶融性高分子層 ８ 信号線 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat-generating conductor 2, 2'electrode terminal 3 Temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance 4 Power supply circuit 5 Core yarn 6 Insulation jacket 7 Thermofusible polymer layer 8 Signal line
Claims (7)
負の抵抗温度係数を有する感温抵抗層を直接接して設
け、前記発熱用導体の両端に電圧を印加して前記発熱用
導体と前記感温抵抗層の両者を発熱させることを特徴と
する感熱ヒータ。1. A heating conductor having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance is provided in direct contact with a linear or planar heating conductor, and a voltage is applied to both ends of the heating conductor to generate the heating conductor. A heat-sensitive heater, which heats both of the temperature-sensitive resistance layer.
成し、発熱用導体の抵抗値ＲC に対し、感温抵抗層の抵
抗値ＲN が下記の式（数１）を満足する請求項１に記載
の感熱ヒータ。 【数１】 2. The heat-sensitive heater according to claim 1 constitutes a flexible electric wire, and the resistance value R N of the temperature-sensitive resistance layer satisfies the following expression (Equation 1) with respect to the resistance value R C of the heating conductor. The heat-sensitive heater according to claim 1. [Equation 1]
抗層が、電子伝導形半導性高分子組成物、高イオン伝導
性高分子組成物、熱膨張性導電粒子と低膨張性高分子マ
トリクスとよりなる導電性高分子組成物、セラミック急
変サーミスタ粒子含有高分子組成物より選ばれた少なく
とも一種の半導電性高分子組成物である請求項１に記載
の感熱ヒータ。3. The temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance comprises an electron-conducting semiconducting polymer composition, a high ion-conducting polymer composition, thermally expandable conductive particles and a low expansion polymer. The heat-sensitive heater according to claim 1, which is at least one semiconductive polymer composition selected from a conductive polymer composition including a matrix and a polymer composition containing ceramic abrupt change thermistor particles.
糸上にスパイラルに卷かれた金属線である請求項１に記
載の感熱ヒータ。4. The heat-sensitive heater according to claim 1, wherein the linear heating conductor is a metal wire or a metal wire spirally wound on a core yarn.
に導電層を有する高分子ネット、カーボン繊維ネットの
何れかである請求項１または４に記載の感熱ヒータ。5. The heat-sensitive heater according to claim 1, wherein the planar heating conductor is any one of a metal net, a polymer net having a conductive layer on its surface, and a carbon fiber net.
合金、銅合金、カーボン繊維より選ばれた一種である請
求項１に記載の感熱ヒータ。6. The heat-sensitive heater according to claim 1, wherein the heat-generating conductor is one selected from nickel, nickel-containing alloys, copper alloys, and carbon fibers.
熱溶融性高分子層、外巻スパイラル金属線、大きな負の
抵抗温度係数を有する感温抵抗層、絶縁外被を順次形成
し、前記外巻スパイラル金属線を線状の発熱用導体とし
て用いた請求項１に記載の感熱ヒータ。7. An inner wound spiral metal wire, a cylindrical heat-fusible polymer layer, an outer wound spiral metal wire, a temperature-sensitive resistance layer having a large negative temperature coefficient of resistance, and an insulating jacket are sequentially formed on the core yarn. The heat sensitive heater according to claim 1, wherein the outer spiral metal wire is used as a linear heating conductor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23699992A JPH0684587A (en) | 1992-09-04 | 1992-09-04 | Thermosensitive heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23699992A JPH0684587A (en) | 1992-09-04 | 1992-09-04 | Thermosensitive heater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0684587A true JPH0684587A (en) | 1994-03-25 |
Family
ID=17008889
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23699992A Pending JPH0684587A (en) | 1992-09-04 | 1992-09-04 | Thermosensitive heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0684587A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009543288A (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2009-12-03 | ナオス カンパニー リミテッド | Planar heating element using carbon microfiber and method for producing the same |
| WO2012001465A1 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-05 | Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur | Flexible temperature sensor and sensor array |
| JP2012156254A (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-08-16 | Sony Chemical & Information Device Corp | Method of manufacturing heat-responsive material, thermistor, switching element, and passive element |
-
1992
- 1992-09-04 JP JP23699992A patent/JPH0684587A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009543288A (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2009-12-03 | ナオス カンパニー リミテッド | Planar heating element using carbon microfiber and method for producing the same |
| WO2012001465A1 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-05 | Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur | Flexible temperature sensor and sensor array |
| US20120263209A1 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-10-18 | Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur | Flexible temperature sensor and sensor array |
| US8783948B2 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2014-07-22 | Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur | Flexible temperature sensor and sensor array |
| JP2012156254A (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-08-16 | Sony Chemical & Information Device Corp | Method of manufacturing heat-responsive material, thermistor, switching element, and passive element |
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