JPH067030A - Recycling method of water medium of mushroom bed cultivation - Google Patents
Recycling method of water medium of mushroom bed cultivationInfo
- Publication number
- JPH067030A JPH067030A JP4185679A JP18567992A JPH067030A JP H067030 A JPH067030 A JP H067030A JP 4185679 A JP4185679 A JP 4185679A JP 18567992 A JP18567992 A JP 18567992A JP H067030 A JPH067030 A JP H067030A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- waste medium
- medium
- bed cultivation
- mushroom bed
- mushroom
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、茸の人工栽培で使用さ
れる培地に関し、特に使用済み培地すなわち廃培地の再
生方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a medium used for artificial cultivation of mushrooms, and more particularly to a method for regenerating a used medium, that is, a waste medium.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術と問題点】近年茸栽培は、えのき茸だけで
なくほとんどの茸がオガクズを主原料とする菌床培地を
利用した人工栽培に移行しつつあり、これに伴いオガク
ズが大量に消費されている。きのこ培地のオガクズは、
かって製材時に副産物としてでるものが使用されていた
が、大量な消費を追い付かず、現在では原木をオガクズ
製造機に掛けることにより製造されている。しかし、国
内的には森林伐採の抑制、環境問題があり、輸入につい
ても原木の輸出を禁止する国が増加しており、今後はオ
ガクズが慢性的に不足し、茸の人工栽培において生産コ
ストがかなり高くなる自体が発生することが予想されて
いる。このためオガクズの代替材料として、コーンコブ
や竹材等が検討されているが、種々のデータが示す通
り、木材の粒子あるいは粉末であるオガクズが菌床培地
の主原料としてもっとも優れている。[Prior art and problems] In recent years, in mushroom cultivation, not only mushrooms but also most mushrooms are shifting to artificial cultivation using a fungus bed medium containing sawdust as a main raw material, and thus a large amount of sawdust is consumed. Has been done. Mushroom media sawdust
Once used as a by-product during lumbering, it was used as a by-product, but it has not caught up with the large amount of consumption, and is now manufactured by hanging logs from sawdust machines. However, domestically, there are restrictions on deforestation and environmental problems, and the number of countries that prohibit the export of raw wood for import is increasing, and in the future there will be a chronic shortage of sawdust, and the production cost of artificial cultivation of mushrooms will increase. It is expected that it will be considerably higher. For this reason, corncob, bamboo, and the like have been studied as alternative materials for sawdust, but as various data show, sawdust, which is wood particles or powder, is the best as the main raw material for the fungal bed culture medium.
【０００３】しかるに、現在のところ菌床培地は一回の
使用で廃棄されており、その利用方法も検討されている
が成功を見ていない。例えば、堆肥としての利用が提案
されているが、廃培地のオガクズのリグニンが長期間分
解せず堆肥としての効果は十分ではない。このように有
効な利用価値がないため、廃培地はそのまま廃棄される
だけであるが、廃培地は米糠、海藻、死滅菌糸などを多
く含むので、廃棄場所において発酵し悪臭の発生及び雑
菌の温床となっており、環境への影響が憂慮されてい
る。However, at present, the bacterial bed culture medium is discarded after a single use, and its utilization method has been examined, but it has not been successful. For example, use as compost has been proposed, but the effect as compost is not sufficient because the lignin of sawdust in the waste medium does not decompose for a long period of time. The waste medium is simply discarded as it is because of its lack of effective utility value.However, since the waste medium contains a lot of rice bran, seaweed, dead sterilized thread, etc., fermentation at the disposal site causes foul odor and a warm bed of miscellaneous bacteria. Therefore, there is concern about the impact on the environment.
【０００４】[0004]
【問題点を解決するための手段】本発明は、茸の人工栽
培に使用された廃培地を再利用可能にすることにより、
安価に茸栽培を行うことを可能にすると共に公害の発生
を可及的に抑制しまた森林資源を有効活用し環境破壊を
回避することを目的としたものであり、その要旨とする
ところは茸の菌床栽培に使用した廃培地を撹拌しながら
熱風乾燥させることにより再生培地原料を得ることを特
徴とする茸の菌床栽培の廃培地の再生方法である。オガ
クズが茸の菌床栽培に適しているのは、オガクズがヘミ
セルロースを含むからであるが、廃培地ではヘミセルロ
ースがほぼ消費されている。しかし、リグニンはほとん
ど分解されず残存しており、詳しく調べたところでは、
ヘミセルロースが消費された部分がリグニンに囲まれた
筒状の空洞となって多量の空気を抱いていることが分か
った。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides a reusable waste medium used for artificial cultivation of mushrooms,
The purpose of this method is to make it possible to cultivate mushrooms at low cost, to suppress pollution as much as possible, to effectively utilize forest resources, and to avoid environmental destruction. Is a method for regenerating a waste medium for mushroom bed cultivation of mushrooms, characterized by obtaining a regenerated medium raw material by drying the waste medium used for the fungus bed cultivation with hot air while stirring. The sawdust is suitable for mushroom bed cultivation of mushrooms because the sawdust contains hemicellulose, but the waste medium consumes almost all hemicellulose. However, lignin remains almost undegraded, and as a result of further investigation,
It was found that the portion where hemicellulose was consumed became a cylindrical cavity surrounded by lignin and contained a large amount of air.
【０００５】かかる廃培地の構造は、好気性の茸にとっ
てむしろ好適な生育条件を与えるものであり、問題は、
廃培地中に残っている米糠や海藻及び死滅菌糸であり、
リグニンにより形成された空洞をつぶすことなく、これ
らを有効に除去すれば、培地原料として再利用可能での
はずである。ヘミセルロースが必要ならば培地調整の際
にそのエキスを補充するかあるいは新オガクズを補充す
れば、新しいオガクズを使用した菌床培地と遜色のない
収量を得られるはずである。かかる思想のもとに研究を
重ねた結果本発明の完成を見たものである。The structure of such a waste medium gives rather favorable growth conditions for aerobic mushrooms, and the problem is
Rice bran, seaweed and dead sterilized thread remaining in the waste medium,
If these are effectively removed without crushing the cavities formed by the lignin, they should be reusable as a medium raw material. If hemicellulose is required, supplementing the extract or supplementing new sawdust in the medium preparation should give a yield comparable to that of the bed culture medium using the new sawdust. As a result of repeated research based on this idea, the present invention has been completed.
【０００６】以下本発明を説明すると、本発明の対象
は、茸の菌床栽培に使用された廃培地である。この廃培
地は、えのき、ほんしめじ、まいたけ、しいたけその他
の茸の菌床栽培に使用され、収穫の終わったものである
ならば、いかなる茸に使用された廃培地でもよい。本発
明において、かかる廃培地を撹拌しながら熱風乾燥す
る。この操作は、ロータリーキルンにより行うのが望ま
しい。ロータリーキルンは、回転キルンを回転して対象
物を撹拌且つ移送しながら熱風を吹き付けて乾燥する装
置であり、かかる構成を有するロータリーキルンであれ
ばいかなるものでもよい。本発明では、筒状の回転キル
ン内に廃培地を案内しキルンを回転して廃培地を撹拌し
つつ一方に移送しながらしながら、熱風を吹き付けて乾
燥する。最終的に水分含有率は１０〜４０％、望ましく
は２０〜３０％にするのがよい。The present invention will be described below. The object of the present invention is a waste medium used for mushroom bed cultivation of mushrooms. This waste medium is used for mushroom bed cultivation of mushrooms, shimeji mushrooms, maitake mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms and other mushrooms, and may be the waste medium used for any mushrooms after harvesting. In the present invention, such waste medium is dried with hot air while stirring. It is desirable to perform this operation with a rotary kiln. The rotary kiln is a device for rotating the rotary kiln to agitate and transfer an object while blowing hot air to dry the object, and any rotary kiln having such a configuration may be used. In the present invention, the waste medium is guided in the tubular rotary kiln, and the kiln is rotated to transfer the waste medium to one side while stirring, while blowing hot air to dry the waste medium. Finally, the water content is 10 to 40%, preferably 20 to 30%.
【０００７】ロータリーキルン内の加熱温度は、２００
〜４００℃、より望ましくは２８０〜３５０℃の範囲内
に設定して１５〜６０分間熱風乾燥する。排出口に到達
した廃培地には加圧水蒸気を吹き付けて洗浄しコンベア
で所望の場所に運搬する。かくして、廃棄培地から培地
原料が再生される。実際にこれを培地として使用する場
合には、水、米糠を加え、更に望むならば、ヘミセルロ
ースエキスを補充するかあるいは新オガクズを補充すれ
ばよい。The heating temperature in the rotary kiln is 200
˜400 ° C., more preferably 280 to 350 ° C. and hot air drying for 15 to 60 minutes. Pressurized steam is sprayed onto the waste medium that has reached the discharge port to wash it, and the waste medium is transported to a desired location by a conveyor. Thus, the medium raw material is regenerated from the waste medium. When this is actually used as a medium, water and rice bran may be added, and if desired, hemicellulose extract may be supplemented or fresh sawdust may be supplemented.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】廃培地は米糠その他の混入物質及び死滅菌糸が
残留しており、水分含有率も５０〜７０％と高いが、本
発明法により熱風乾燥を行うと米糠の残渣その他糖質成
分、油脂成分を含む混入物質及び死滅菌糸は熱分解して
ほとんど消失し、ほぼリグニン組織のみとなり、ヘミセ
ルロースが消費された部分が空洞となって残る。またバ
クテリア・雑菌が除去され、無菌状態となる。そして加
熱温度を４００℃以上にしなければリグニンはキルン内
で炭化することはない。加圧蒸気で洗浄すれば、ゴミや
燃焼物残渣が排除される。かくして、空気層が多く清浄
な培地原料が再生される。かかる廃培地は、米糠、水
分、更に望むならばヘミセルロースが混合されて人工培
地となる。In the waste medium, rice bran and other contaminants and dead sterilized thread remain, and the water content is as high as 50 to 70%. However, when hot air drying is carried out by the method of the present invention, rice bran residue and other sugar components, oils and fats Contaminants containing components and dead sterilized yarn are thermally decomposed and almost disappeared, leaving almost only lignin tissue, and the portion where hemicellulose is consumed remains as a cavity. In addition, bacteria and germs are removed, and the condition becomes sterile. If the heating temperature is not higher than 400 ° C, the lignin will not be carbonized in the kiln. Cleaning with pressurized steam removes dust and combustion residue. Thus, a clean medium raw material having a large air layer is regenerated. Such a waste medium becomes an artificial medium by mixing rice bran, water and, if desired, hemicellulose.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】口径５０ミリメートル、容量８００ミリリッ
トルの培養瓶１００本に新しいオガクズを使用した菌床
培地を詰めてえのきだけ栽培収穫を行い、収穫を終えた
培養瓶から使用済みの廃培地を掻き出して、約４５ｋｇ
の廃培地を得た。これをロータリーキルン内にコンベア
で順次案内し、熱風を送り込んでキルン内温度を３４０
℃に保ち、通過時間を３０分に設定してキルンを回転し
ながら乾燥を行った。キルンを出た廃培地に対し更に加
圧蒸気を吹き付け、ゴミ、燃焼残渣を洗浄した。このよ
うにして３６ｋｇの再生廃培地を得、これに米糠と水を
加えてミキサーで撹拌し、５０本の培養瓶に詰めてえの
きだけ栽培を行った。表１は、実施したえのきだけの生
育及び収量に関し、本発明による廃培地の処理区と、比
較のため平行して実施された新しいオガクズの使用区及
び本発明のような処理を行わなかった無処理廃培地使用
区の各データである。[Example] 100 culture bottles having a diameter of 50 mm and a capacity of 800 ml were filled with a fungal bed culture medium using new sawdust, and cultivated and harvested only with an enoki mushroom. About 45 kg
Of waste medium was obtained. This is sequentially guided in the rotary kiln by a conveyor, and hot air is blown in to increase the temperature in the kiln to 340
The temperature was kept at 0 ° C., the passage time was set to 30 minutes, and the kiln was rotated while drying. Pressurized steam was further sprayed on the waste medium leaving the kiln to wash dust and combustion residues. In this way, 36 kg of a regenerated waste medium was obtained, and rice bran and water were added thereto, and the mixture was stirred with a mixer, packed in 50 culture bottles and cultivated only with mushrooms. Table 1 relates to the growth and yield of the enoki mushrooms carried out, to the treated group of the waste medium according to the present invention, the new group of sawdust used in parallel for comparison, and the untreated group not treated like the present invention. It is each data of the waste medium use section.
【００１０】[0010]
【表１】えのきだけの生育及び収量に関する表 [Table 1] Table for growth and yield of only edible mushrooms
【００１１】[0011]
【効果】以上のように、本発明法で処理されたによる廃
培地は、菌回り、生育、収量とも優れており、特に新オ
ガクズ使用のものに対して遜色がない。これは、再生廃
培地が空気層に富み、またきのこの生育阻害物質がロー
タリーキルンによる効率的な熱風乾燥によりほぼ完全に
消失しており、雑菌もないからだと推測される。[Effect] As described above, the waste medium treated by the method of the present invention is excellent in bacterial growth, growth, and yield, and is comparable to that of fresh sawdust. It is speculated that this is because the regenerated waste medium is rich in the air layer, and the growth inhibitory substances of mushrooms are almost completely eliminated by efficient hot air drying by the rotary kiln, and there are no bacteria.
Claims (6)
ながら熱風乾燥して再生培地を得ることを特徴とする茸
の菌床栽培の廃培地の再生方法1. A method for regenerating a waste medium for mushroom bed cultivation, wherein the waste medium used for mushroom bed cultivation is dried with hot air while stirring to obtain a regenerated medium.
撹拌しながら熱風乾燥を行うことを特徴とする特許請求
の範囲第１項の茸の菌床栽培の廃培地の再生方法2. A method for regenerating a waste medium of mushroom bed cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that hot air drying is carried out with stirring by using a rotary kiln.
０〜４００℃であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
３項の茸の菌床栽培の廃培地の再生方法3. The heating temperature of the rotary kiln is 20.
The method for regenerating a waste medium for mushroom bed cultivation according to claim 3, wherein the temperature is 0 to 400 ° C.
０％に調整されることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１
項の茸の菌床栽培の廃培地の再生方法4. The waste medium has a water content of 10 to 4 due to hot air drying.
Claim 1 characterized by being adjusted to 0%
Method for reclaiming waste medium from mushroom bed cultivation in section
許請求の範囲第１項の茸の菌床栽培の廃培地の再生方法5. A method for regenerating a waste medium for mushroom bed cultivation of mushrooms according to claim 1, which is characterized by finally performing steam cleaning.
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項の茸の菌床栽培の廃培
地の再生方法6. A method for regenerating a waste medium for mushroom bed cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the waste medium is supplemented with hemicellulose.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04185679A JP3107253B2 (en) | 1992-06-22 | 1992-06-22 | Method of regenerating waste medium for fungal bed cultivation of mushrooms |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04185679A JP3107253B2 (en) | 1992-06-22 | 1992-06-22 | Method of regenerating waste medium for fungal bed cultivation of mushrooms |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH067030A true JPH067030A (en) | 1994-01-18 |
| JP3107253B2 JP3107253B2 (en) | 2000-11-06 |
Family
ID=16174975
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04185679A Expired - Fee Related JP3107253B2 (en) | 1992-06-22 | 1992-06-22 | Method of regenerating waste medium for fungal bed cultivation of mushrooms |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3107253B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7134327B2 (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2006-11-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Pedaling force sensor and pedaling force detection device using the sensor |
| JP2009178712A (en) * | 2007-12-31 | 2009-08-13 | Shinyodo:Kk | Container apparatus for fermenting/drying work and method for drying wet organic matter |
| JP2011083206A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-04-28 | Tohoku Univ | Method for regenerating mushroom culture medium waste via soft hydrothermal processing, and new method for utilizing biomass |
| JP2016034262A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-03-17 | 株式会社前田製作所 | Evaluation method of medium for mushroom cultivation and mushroom cultivation method |
-
1992
- 1992-06-22 JP JP04185679A patent/JP3107253B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7134327B2 (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2006-11-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Pedaling force sensor and pedaling force detection device using the sensor |
| JP2009178712A (en) * | 2007-12-31 | 2009-08-13 | Shinyodo:Kk | Container apparatus for fermenting/drying work and method for drying wet organic matter |
| JP2013226556A (en) * | 2007-12-31 | 2013-11-07 | Shinyodo:Kk | Method for drying water-containing organic matter |
| JP2011083206A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-04-28 | Tohoku Univ | Method for regenerating mushroom culture medium waste via soft hydrothermal processing, and new method for utilizing biomass |
| JP2016034262A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-03-17 | 株式会社前田製作所 | Evaluation method of medium for mushroom cultivation and mushroom cultivation method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3107253B2 (en) | 2000-11-06 |
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