JPH06330077A - Lubricant for cryogenic temperature working of aluminum and its alloy and method for cryogenic temperature working - Google Patents
Lubricant for cryogenic temperature working of aluminum and its alloy and method for cryogenic temperature workingInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06330077A JPH06330077A JP5140124A JP14012493A JPH06330077A JP H06330077 A JPH06330077 A JP H06330077A JP 5140124 A JP5140124 A JP 5140124A JP 14012493 A JP14012493 A JP 14012493A JP H06330077 A JPH06330077 A JP H06330077A
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- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- lubricating oil
- alloy
- cryogenic temperature
- temperature working
- Prior art date
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- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はアルミニウム及びアルミ
ニウム合金板の加工に関し、より詳しくは、加工の厳し
いアルミニウム部品、例えば、自動車部品を始め、電機
機器部品、航空機部品などにおいて加工が厳しく複雑な
形状のアルミニウム製品に対して有効な成形技術に関す
るものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the processing of aluminum and aluminum alloy sheets, and more particularly, to aluminum and aluminum alloy sheets that are severely processed, such as automobile parts, electrical equipment parts, aircraft parts, etc. The present invention relates to molding technology effective for aluminum products.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】アルミ
ニウム及びアルミニウム合金は、その軽量性の他に耐食
性、成形性に優れているため、鉄鋼材料に次ぐ汎用金属
材料として、自動車を始め、様々な産業分野で多用され
ている。2. Description of the Related Art Aluminum and aluminum alloys are excellent in corrosion resistance and formability in addition to their light weight. Therefore, they are used as general-purpose metal materials next to steel materials in various fields including automobiles. It is widely used in the industrial field.
【０００３】最近、自動車の軽量化を図るためにアルミ
ニウム及びアルミニウム合金板の使用が次第に増えつつ
あるが、アルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金板は、鋼板
に比較して成形性に劣るため、成形時の割れの発生や、
設計時に形状が制限されるなど問題が大きい。そのた
め、成形性の観点から、延性に優れた材料の開発(例、
特開昭６３−８９６４９号)が進められている。しか
し、鋼板に比較すると、なお劣ることから、加工面での
改善が必要となっている。Recently, the use of aluminum and aluminum alloy sheets is gradually increasing in order to reduce the weight of automobiles. However, aluminum and aluminum alloy sheets are inferior in formability to steel sheets, and therefore cracks during forming are not likely to occur. Occurrence,
There are major problems such as the shape being restricted during design. Therefore, from the viewpoint of formability, development of materials with excellent ductility (e.g.,
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 63-89649) is under way. However, it is still inferior to that of steel plates, so that it is necessary to improve the workability.
【０００４】この観点から、本発明者らは、アルミニウ
ム及びアルミニウム合金に適した加工法の改善を進めて
きた結果、先に極低温加工を開発し提案した(特願平２
−４１６２７９号)。これは、極低温領域におけるアル
ミニウム及びアルミニウム合金の伸びの向上を利用し
て、成形性向上を果たすものであり、更に詳細には、極
低温用の潤滑剤を用いて、板を極低温処理する方法であ
る。しかし、この方法によっても鋼板に比較すると成形
性に劣っており、生産性の劣化は避けられない。From this point of view, the present inventors have advanced the processing method suitable for aluminum and aluminum alloys, and as a result, developed and proposed cryogenic processing first (Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 2).
-416279). This is to improve the formability by utilizing the improvement of the elongation of aluminum and aluminum alloy in the cryogenic region. More specifically, the plate is cryogenically treated with a cryogenic lubricant. Is the way. However, even by this method, the formability is inferior to that of the steel sheet, and the deterioration of the productivity cannot be avoided.
【０００５】本発明は、かゝる状況のもとで、鋼板と同
等以上の優れた成形性が得られるアルミニウム及びアル
ミニウム合金の極低温加工技術を提供することを目的と
するものである。It is an object of the present invention to provide a cryogenic working technique for aluminum and aluminum alloys which can obtain excellent formability equivalent to or better than that of a steel sheet under such circumstances.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、前記課題を
解決するため、アルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金の成
形方法について鋭意研究を重ねた結果、潤滑条件及び成
形温度を制御することにより解決できることを見出し、
ここに本発明をなしたものである。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has conducted intensive studies on a method for forming aluminum and aluminum alloys, and as a result, found that the problems can be solved by controlling the lubricating condition and the forming temperature. ,
The present invention has been made here.
【０００７】すなわち、本発明は、縮合リン酸及びその
塩から選ばれる化合物の少なくとも１種以上を２〜２０
％含み、界面活性剤を０.１〜２.０％を含み、かつ、流
動点が−4０℃以上で、４０℃での粘度が２０mm2／sec
以下であることを特徴とする−５０℃以下でアルミニウ
ム及びアルミニウム合金をプレス加工する際に用いる極
低温加工用潤滑油を要旨としている。That is, in the present invention, at least one compound selected from condensed phosphoric acid and salts thereof is used in an amount of 2 to 20.
%, Including 0.1 to 2.0% of a surfactant, and having a pour point of −40 ° C. or higher and a viscosity at 40 ° C. of 20 mm 2 / sec.
The gist is a lubricating oil for cryogenic processing, which is used when pressing aluminum and aluminum alloys at -50 ° C or less, which is characterized below.
【０００８】また、他の本発明は、上記潤滑油をアルミ
ニウム及びアルミニウム合金板表面に塗布し、該板を液
体窒素中に浸漬し、潤滑性の皮膜を形成させた後、取り
出して３０sec以内にプレス加工することを特徴とする
極低温加工方法を要旨としている。According to another aspect of the present invention, the above lubricating oil is applied to the surface of aluminum and aluminum alloy plates, the plates are dipped in liquid nitrogen to form a lubricious film, and then taken out within 30 seconds. The gist is a cryogenic processing method characterized by press working.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】以下に本発明を更に詳細に説明する。まず、潤
滑油について述べる。The present invention will be described in more detail below. First, the lubricating oil will be described.
【００１０】潤滑油は、一般に低温になるほど粘度が高
くなるが、極低温加工用潤滑油としてはワックス状に固
形化するものが潤滑性を高めるのに効果がある。この
際、流動点が−４０℃未満の潤滑油では、極低温領域下
でも固形化しにくく、潤滑性は向上しない。したがっ
て、潤滑油は流動点が−４０℃以上であるものが必要で
ある。Lubricating oil generally has a higher viscosity as the temperature becomes lower, but as a cryogenic working lubricating oil, one solidified in a wax form is effective for enhancing lubricity. At this time, with a lubricating oil having a pour point of less than -40 ° C, it is difficult to solidify even in an extremely low temperature region, and the lubricity does not improve. Therefore, the lubricating oil must have a pour point of -40 ° C or higher.
【００１１】また、潤滑油の粘度は高いほど潤滑性に優
れるが、４０℃における粘度が２０mm2／secを超えるも
のである場合は、成形性に優れるものの、脱脂工程にお
いて脱脂不良を生じ易く、後工程の塗装工程で塗装不良
の原因となったり、潤滑油を塗油した板同士を重ね合わ
せると剥がしにくい等の問題がある。したがって、潤滑
油は４０℃での粘度が２０mm2／sec以下であるものが必
要である。Further, the higher the viscosity of the lubricating oil is, the more excellent the lubricity is. However, when the viscosity at 40 ° C. is more than 20 mm 2 / sec, the moldability is excellent, but the degreasing process is apt to cause the degreasing failure, There are problems such as causing coating failure in the subsequent coating process, and making it difficult to peel off when plates coated with lubricating oil are stacked. Therefore, it is necessary that the lubricating oil has a viscosity at 40 ° C. of 20 mm 2 / sec or less.
【００１２】更に、潤滑油の成分としては、縮合リン酸
及びその塩から選ばれる化合物の少なくとも１種以上を
２〜２０％含み、界面活性剤を０.１〜２.０％含むもの
が好ましいことが判明した。Further, as the component of the lubricating oil, it is preferable to contain 2 to 20% of at least one compound selected from condensed phosphoric acid and salts thereof and 0.1 to 2.0% of a surfactant. It has been found.
【００１３】すなわち、縮合リン酸及びその塩から選ば
れる化合物は、低温領域における潤滑性を付与する働き
をするが、添加量が２％未満では潤滑性が足りず、プレ
ス時の割れの原因となり、また２０％を超えると脱脂工
程において脱脂不良を生じ易く、後工程の塗装工程で塗
装不良の原因となる。したがって、上記添加剤の含有量
を２〜２０％に規定する。なお、上記化合物としては、
例えば、ポリリン酸、ピロリン酸、メタリン酸、及びこ
れらのナトリウム塩、カリウム塩等が挙げられる。That is, the compound selected from condensed phosphoric acid and its salt functions to impart lubricity in the low temperature region, but if the addition amount is less than 2%, the lubricity is insufficient and causes cracking during pressing. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20%, defective degreasing is likely to occur in the degreasing process, which causes defective coating in the subsequent coating process. Therefore, the content of the additive is specified to be 2 to 20%. As the above compound,
Examples thereof include polyphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, and their sodium salts and potassium salts.
【００１４】また、界面活性剤は潤滑油の塗布時に塗り
むらの発生を防止し、脱脂性を向上させる働きをする
が、含有量が０.１％未満では効果が少なく、また２.０
％を超えるとその効果が飽和するため、無駄となる。し
たがって、界面活性剤の含有量を０.１〜２.０％に規定
する。Further, the surfactant has a function of preventing uneven coating during the application of the lubricating oil and improving the degreasing property, but if the content is less than 0.1%, the effect is small, and it is 2.0.
If it exceeds%, the effect is saturated and it is wasted. Therefore, the content of the surfactant is specified to be 0.1 to 2.0%.
【００１５】その外、使用目的に応じて、潤滑油に一般
に配合される添加剤、例えば、酸化防止材、ステイン防
止剤、防食剤等を含んでもよい。In addition to the above, additives commonly used in lubricating oils, such as antioxidants, anti-staining agents, and anticorrosive agents, may be included depending on the purpose of use.
【００１６】なお、ベースオイルについては特に制限は
ないが、なるべく低粘度で、極低温でワックス状に固形
化するものが望ましい。その１つに液体パラフィンが挙
げられる。The base oil is not particularly limited, but it is desirable that the base oil has a viscosity as low as possible and solidifies into a wax at an extremely low temperature. One of them is liquid paraffin.
【００１７】上記潤滑油は、極低温加工方法に適してお
り、特に−５０℃以下でアルミニウム及びアルミニウム
合金のプレス加工に用いると高成形性が得られ、効果的
である。The above lubricating oil is suitable for a cryogenic working method, and when it is used for press working of aluminum and aluminum alloys at -50 ° C. or lower, high formability is obtained and it is effective.
【００１８】次に、上記潤滑油を用いた好ましい成形加
工方法について述べる。Next, a preferable molding method using the above lubricating oil will be described.
【００１９】成形材料のアルミニウム及びアルミニウム
合金板を液体窒素に浸漬し取り出してプレス加工する
際、取り出してから３０sec以上経過すると、材料及び
潤滑油の温度が上昇し、成形性は常温と対して変化しな
い。したがって、成形材料を液体窒素から取り出してプ
レスするまでの時間を３０sec以内に規定する。When the aluminum and aluminum alloy plate as a molding material is immersed in liquid nitrogen and taken out and pressed, the temperature of the material and the lubricating oil rises and the formability changes with room temperature when 30 seconds or more elapses after taking out. do not do. Therefore, the time until the molding material is taken out of the liquid nitrogen and pressed is specified within 30 seconds.
【００２０】なお、成形材料であるアルミニウム及びア
ルミニウム合金の材質等について特に制限はなく、最終
製品の要求性能により、適宜の成分系及び組成のものを
選択すればよい。例えば、強度の高いものが必要な場合
には、Ａl−高Ｍg(３〜６％Ｍg)系が望ましい。There are no particular restrictions on the material of the molding material such as aluminum and aluminum alloy, and an appropriate component system and composition may be selected depending on the required performance of the final product. For example, when high strength is required, the Al-high Mg (3-6% Mg) system is desirable.
【００２１】次に本発明の実施例を示す。Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
【００２２】[0022]
【実施例１】[Example 1]
【００２３】供試材として、ＪＩＳ ５１８２−Ｏ材、
板厚１mmのものを使用した。これらの供試材について、
表１に示す組成及び特性の潤滑油を用いて成形性、脱油
性を調査した。その結果を表２に示す。As the test material, JIS 5182-O material,
A plate having a thickness of 1 mm was used. For these test materials,
Using the lubricating oils having the compositions and characteristics shown in Table 1, the moldability and deoilability were investigated. The results are shown in Table 2.
【００２４】なお、潤滑油の粘度、流動点等はベースオ
イルとなる液体パラフィン及び鉱物油の種類を変えるこ
とにより調整した。The viscosity, pour point, etc. of the lubricating oil were adjusted by changing the types of the liquid paraffin and the mineral oil as the base oil.
【００２５】成形性の評価：８０トンクランクプレスを
用いて、下記の条件で張出し試験を行い、割れの生じる
までの最大張出し高さにより評価した。なお、試験片を
液体窒素中に浸漬し、取り出してから１０sec後にプレ
スした。Evaluation of formability: An 80 ton crank press was used to perform an overhang test under the following conditions, and the maximum overhang height before cracking was evaluated. The test piece was dipped in liquid nitrogen and pressed 10 seconds after being taken out.
【００２６】・しわ押さえ力：６.５トン ・ブランク径：１２０mmφ ・ポンチ径：５０mmφ球頭 ・加工速度：３００mm／sec ・塗油条件：試験直前にはけ塗り ・評価基準：○…２７.０mm以上(鋼板以上の成形性) △…２７.０mm未満、２３.０mm以上 ×…２３.０mm未満・ Wrinkle holding force: 6.5 tons ・ Blank diameter: 120 mmφ ・ Punch diameter: 50 mmφ ball head ・ Processing speed: 300 mm / sec ・ Oiling condition: Brush coating just before the test ・ Evaluation criteria: ○ ... 27. 0 mm or more (formability of steel plate or more) △ ... less than 27.0 mm, 23.0 mm or more x ... less than 23.0 mm
【００２７】脱脂性の評価：板表面に潤滑油を塗油した
ものを用い、以下に示す条件で脱脂試験を行い、水濡れ
性を水濡れ面積率(％)で示し、脱油性を評価した。試験
はｎ＝３で行い、その平均値を用いた。Evaluation of degreasing property: A degreasing test was conducted under the conditions shown below by using a plate surface coated with lubricating oil, and the degreasing property was evaluated by showing the water-wettability as a water-wetting area ratio (%). . The test was performed with n = 3, and the average value was used.
【００２８】塗油条件：試験直前にはけ塗り 脱脂液：市販アルカリ脱脂液(ｐＨ１１) 脱脂条件：４０℃、２分間の脱脂液に２分間静止浸漬 洗 浄：１分間、流水洗浄 評価基準：○…８０％以上 △…５０％以上、８０％未満 ×…５０％未満Oiling conditions: brushing just before the test Degreasing liquid: commercial alkaline degreasing liquid (pH 11) Degreasing conditions: 40 ° C., 2 minutes static immersion in degreasing liquid for 2 minutes Washing: 1 minute, washing with running water Evaluation criteria: A: 80% or more B: 50% or more, less than 80% X: less than 50%
【００２９】表２に示すように、本発明例は、極低温下
で優れた成形性が得られていると共に、脱脂性も良好で
あることがわかる。As shown in Table 2, it can be seen that in the examples of the present invention, excellent moldability was obtained at extremely low temperatures and the degreasing property was also good.
【００３０】[0030]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３１】[0031]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００３２】[0032]
【実施例２】Example 2
【００３３】試験片に表１の潤滑油Ｎo.２を塗油した
後、液体窒素中に浸漬、取り出してからプレスするまで
の時間を変化させ、成形性を調査した。その結果を表３
に示す。なお、比較材として鋼板(ＳＰＣＣ、板厚１mm)
を使用した。After applying the lubricating oil No. 2 of Table 1 to the test piece, the time from the time of immersion in liquid nitrogen and the time of taking out and pressing was changed to investigate the formability. The results are shown in Table 3.
Shown in. As a comparative material, steel plate (SPCC, plate thickness 1 mm)
It was used.
【００３４】表３より明らかなように、本発明に従い液
体窒素中に浸漬、取り出してから３０sec以内にプレス
加工することにより、鋼板以上の成形性が得られる。As is clear from Table 3, according to the present invention, formability equal to or higher than that of steel sheet can be obtained by pressing within 30 seconds after immersion in liquid nitrogen and removal.
【００３５】[0035]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００３６】[0036]
【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、本発明によれば、
鋼板以上の優れた成形性が得られるので、従来プレス加
工が困難であった形状でも成形が可能になり、アルミニ
ウム及びアルミニウム合金板の適応範囲の拡大に寄与す
る効果は極めて大きい。As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
Since it is possible to obtain excellent formability over that of steel plates, it is possible to form even shapes that were difficult to press in the past, and the effect of contributing to the expansion of the applicable range of aluminum and aluminum alloy plates is extremely large.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.5 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｃ１０Ｍ 101:02 125:24） Ｃ１０Ｎ 20:02 30:02 40:24 Ａ 8217−4Ｈ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 5 Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location C10M 101: 02 125: 24) C10N 20:02 30:02 40:24 A 8217-4H
Claims (3)
物の少なくとも１種以上を２〜２０％含み、界面活性剤
を０.１〜２.０％を含み、かつ、流動点が−４０℃以上
で、４０℃での粘度が２０mm2／sec以下であることを特
徴とする−５０℃以下でアルミニウム及びアルミニウム
合金をプレス加工する際に用いる極低温加工用潤滑油。1. Containing 2 to 20% of at least one compound selected from condensed phosphoric acid and salts thereof, containing 0.1 to 2.0% of a surfactant, and having a pour point of −40 ° C. Above, the viscosity at 40 ° C. is 20 mm 2 / sec or less, the cryogenic working lubricating oil used when pressing aluminum and aluminum alloys at −50 ° C. or less.
及びアルミニウム合金板表面に塗布し、該板を液体窒素
中に浸漬し、潤滑性の皮膜を形成させた後、取り出して
３０sec以内にプレス加工することを特徴とする極低温
加工方法。2. The surface of an aluminum or aluminum alloy plate is coated with the lubricating oil according to claim 1, the plate is dipped in liquid nitrogen to form a lubricating film, and then taken out and pressed within 30 seconds. A cryogenic processing method characterized by processing.
るアルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金プレス成形品。3. An aluminum and aluminum alloy press-formed product obtained by the processing method according to claim 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5140124A JPH06330077A (en) | 1993-05-18 | 1993-05-18 | Lubricant for cryogenic temperature working of aluminum and its alloy and method for cryogenic temperature working |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5140124A JPH06330077A (en) | 1993-05-18 | 1993-05-18 | Lubricant for cryogenic temperature working of aluminum and its alloy and method for cryogenic temperature working |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06330077A true JPH06330077A (en) | 1994-11-29 |
Family
ID=15261462
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5140124A Pending JPH06330077A (en) | 1993-05-18 | 1993-05-18 | Lubricant for cryogenic temperature working of aluminum and its alloy and method for cryogenic temperature working |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06330077A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008019299A (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-01-31 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Plastic working lubricant for aluminum alloy and manufacturing method for fin material for heat exchanger using it |
| US7390240B2 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2008-06-24 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method of shaping and forming work materials |
| US7434439B2 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2008-10-14 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Cryofluid assisted forming method |
| US7513121B2 (en) | 2004-03-25 | 2009-04-07 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Apparatus and method for improving work surface during forming and shaping of materials |
| US7634957B2 (en) | 2004-09-16 | 2009-12-22 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for machining workpieces having interruptions |
| US7637187B2 (en) | 2001-09-13 | 2009-12-29 | Air Products & Chemicals, Inc. | Apparatus and method of cryogenic cooling for high-energy cutting operations |
| US8220370B2 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2012-07-17 | Air Products & Chemicals, Inc. | Apparatus and method for machining of hard metals with reduced detrimental white layer effect |
-
1993
- 1993-05-18 JP JP5140124A patent/JPH06330077A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7637187B2 (en) | 2001-09-13 | 2009-12-29 | Air Products & Chemicals, Inc. | Apparatus and method of cryogenic cooling for high-energy cutting operations |
| US8220370B2 (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2012-07-17 | Air Products & Chemicals, Inc. | Apparatus and method for machining of hard metals with reduced detrimental white layer effect |
| US7513121B2 (en) | 2004-03-25 | 2009-04-07 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Apparatus and method for improving work surface during forming and shaping of materials |
| US7634957B2 (en) | 2004-09-16 | 2009-12-22 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for machining workpieces having interruptions |
| US7390240B2 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2008-06-24 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method of shaping and forming work materials |
| US7434439B2 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2008-10-14 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Cryofluid assisted forming method |
| JP2008019299A (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-01-31 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Plastic working lubricant for aluminum alloy and manufacturing method for fin material for heat exchanger using it |
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