JPH06315233A - Battery charge control method - Google Patents
Battery charge control methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06315233A JPH06315233A JP5102407A JP10240793A JPH06315233A JP H06315233 A JPH06315233 A JP H06315233A JP 5102407 A JP5102407 A JP 5102407A JP 10240793 A JP10240793 A JP 10240793A JP H06315233 A JPH06315233 A JP H06315233A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- charging
- temperature
- voltage
- control method
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
- H02J7/007184—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage in response to battery voltage gradient
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
- H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】情報処理装置のダウンサイジング
により携帯型装置の需要が高まっており、携帯型装置で
は電池駆動が必要である。このため、サイクル使用可能
である二次電池を搭載する装置が増加し、短時間で電池
を充電する方法が要求されるようになってきている。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Demand for portable devices has increased due to downsizing of information processing devices, and portable devices require battery operation. Therefore, the number of devices equipped with a rechargeable battery that can be cycled is increasing, and a method of charging the battery in a short time is required.
【０００２】本発明は上記した二次電池の定電流充電に
おいて、充電完了を検知して充電を終了する電池の充電
制御方法に関する。The present invention relates to a battery charge control method for detecting the completion of charging and ending charging in constant current charging of a secondary battery as described above.
【０００３】[0003]
【従来の技術】図８は本発明の前提となるニッカド電
池、ニッケル水素電池等の二次電池の充電装置を示す図
であり、同図において、１１はＡＣアダプタ、１２は二
次電池、１２ａは電池の温度を監視するサーミスタ等の
温度センサ、１３は例えば、ノート型パソコン、ノート
型ワープロなどの二次電池を搭載した装置、１３ａは直
流電圧を変換するＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ、１３ｂは例え
ばノート・パソコン、ノート・ワープロにおけるプロセ
ッサ等の負荷、Ｄ１ないしＤ３はダイオード、ＳＷ１は
スイッチである。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a charging device for a secondary battery such as a nickel-cadmium battery or a nickel-hydrogen battery, which is a premise of the present invention. In FIG. 8, 11 is an AC adapter, 12 is a secondary battery, and 12a. Is a temperature sensor such as a thermistor that monitors the temperature of the battery, 13 is a device equipped with a secondary battery such as a notebook computer or a notebook word processor, 13a is a DC / DC converter that converts a DC voltage, and 13b is a notebook, for example. A load such as a processor in a personal computer or a notebook word processor, D1 to D3 are diodes, and SW1 is a switch.
【０００４】同図において、ＡＣアダプタ１１および電
池１２からダイオードＤ２，Ｄ３を介して供給される直
流電圧はＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１３ａで変換され負荷１
３ｂに供給される。また、電池１２はダイオードＤ１お
よび充電時オンとなるスイッチＳＷ１を介してＡＣアダ
プタ１１の出力により充電される。一方、プロセッサ等
から構成される負荷１３ｂは、電池１２の電圧および温
度センサ１２ａにより検出される電池温度を監視し、電
池１２の充電が完了するとスイッチＳＷ１をオフにして
充電を終了する。In the figure, the DC voltage supplied from the AC adapter 11 and the battery 12 through the diodes D2 and D3 is converted by the DC / DC converter 13a and the load 1 is supplied.
3b. Further, the battery 12 is charged by the output of the AC adapter 11 via the diode D1 and the switch SW1 that is turned on during charging. On the other hand, the load 13b composed of a processor or the like monitors the voltage of the battery 12 and the battery temperature detected by the temperature sensor 12a, and when the charging of the battery 12 is completed, the switch SW1 is turned off to end the charging.
【０００５】上記のような充電装置において、前記した
ように二次電池を短時間で充電する（例えば、１時間程
度で公称容量値まで充電する場合）に際して、その充電
の完了を検出する方法としては、従来から、電池の電
圧降下（−ΔＶ）を検出する方法、単位時間当たりの
電池温度変化量（ΔＴ／Δｔ）を検出する方法、単位
時間当たりの電池電圧変化量（ΔＶ／Δｔ）を検出する
方法等が知られている。As a method of detecting the completion of the charging when the secondary battery is charged in a short time (for example, when it is charged to the nominal capacity value in about 1 hour) as described above in the charging device as described above. Is a method for detecting a battery voltage drop (-ΔV), a method for detecting a battery temperature change amount per unit time (ΔT / Δt), and a battery voltage change amount per unit time (ΔV / Δt). A method of detecting is known.
【０００６】図９は前記したの方法により充電完了を
検出する場合のニッカド電池、ニッケル水素電池等の二
次電池の充電特性および充電完了検出のフローチャート
を示す図であり、同図（ａ）は充電特性を示し、横軸は
充電時間、縦軸は電池電圧Ｖと電池温度Ｔを示してお
り、また、（ｂ）は本方法により充電完了を検出するフ
ローチャートを示している。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a charging characteristic of a secondary battery such as a nickel-cadmium battery or a nickel-hydrogen battery and a flow chart of detection of charging completion when the completion of charging is detected by the above method. The charging characteristics are shown, the horizontal axis shows the charging time, the vertical axis shows the battery voltage V and the battery temperature T, and (b) shows a flowchart for detecting the completion of charging by this method.
【０００７】同図（ａ）に示すように、二次電池の電圧
は充電の初期一時的に上昇し、その後、充電の進行とと
もにゆっくり上昇し、充電完了の前に再び上昇したのち
電圧は降下する。また、二次電池の温度は充電中ぼぼ一
定であり、充電完了前に急激に上昇したのち低下する。
上記の方法は、図９（ａ）に示すように電池の充電が
完了した際、電池電圧が降下する現象が発生するのを検
出し、電池充電完了を検出する。As shown in FIG. 3A, the voltage of the secondary battery rises temporarily at the beginning of charging, then slowly rises as the charging progresses, rises again before the completion of charging, and then drops. To do. In addition, the temperature of the secondary battery is almost constant during charging, and increases rapidly before the completion of charging and then decreases.
The above method detects the occurrence of a phenomenon in which the battery voltage drops when the battery is completely charged, as shown in FIG. 9A, and detects the completion of battery charging.
【０００８】すなわち、図９（ｂ）のフローチャートに
示すように、電池電圧の降下量（−ΔＶx ）を測定し
（ステップＳ１）、電池電圧の降下量（−ΔＶ）が予め
定めた設定値（−ΔＶx ）より大きくなると（ステップ
Ｓ２）充電完了として、前記した図８のスイッチＳＷ１
をオフとする。図１０は前記したの方法により充電完
了検出する場合の充電特性および充電完了検出のフロー
チャートを示す図であり、同図（ａ）は、図９と同様、
横軸は充電時間、縦軸は電池電圧Ｖと電池温度Ｔを示し
ており、同図は充電途中で周囲温度が変化して誤検出し
た場合を示し、また、（ｂ）は本方法により充電完了を
検出するフローチャートを示している。That is, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9 (b), the battery voltage drop amount (-ΔVx) is measured (step S1), and the battery voltage drop amount (-ΔV) is set to a preset value ( -ΔVx) (step S2), the charging is completed and the switch SW1 of FIG.
To turn off. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a charge characteristic and a flow chart of charge completion detection when the charge completion is detected by the method described above, and FIG. 10A is the same as FIG.
The horizontal axis shows the charging time, and the vertical axis shows the battery voltage V and the battery temperature T. The figure shows the case where the ambient temperature changed during the charging, resulting in an erroneous detection, and (b) shows the charging by this method. The flowchart which detects completion is shown.
【０００９】上記の方法は、電池の充電が完了した
際、電池温度が急激の上昇する現象を検出して、電池充
電完了を検出する。すなわち、図１０（ｂ）のフローチ
ャートに示すように、単位時間当たりの電池温度上昇率
（ΔＴ／Δｔ）を測定し（ステップＳ１）、電池温度上
昇率（ΔＴ／Δｔ）が予め定めた温度上昇率（ΔＴx ）
より大きくなると（ステップＳ２）充電完了として、前
記した図８のスイッチＳＷ１をオフとする。The above method detects the completion of battery charging by detecting the phenomenon that the battery temperature rises rapidly when the battery is completely charged. That is, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 10B, the battery temperature rise rate (ΔT / Δt) per unit time is measured (step S1), and the battery temperature rise rate (ΔT / Δt) is set to a predetermined temperature rise. Rate (ΔTx)
When it becomes larger (step S2), the charging is completed, and the switch SW1 in FIG. 8 is turned off.
【００１０】この方法においては、電池温度上昇率（Δ
Ｔ／Δｔ）を検出して充電完了を検出しているため、図
１０（ａ）に示すように充電途中で周囲温度の変化があ
ると電池温度が一時的に上昇し、充電完了と誤検出する
恐れがある。図１１は前記したの方法により充電完了
検出する場合の充電特性および充電完了検出のフローチ
ャートを示す図であり、同図（ａ）は、図９と同様、充
電特性を示し、横軸は充電時間、縦軸は電池電圧Ｖと電
池温度Ｔを示しており、また、（ｂ）はフローチャート
を示している。In this method, the battery temperature rise rate (Δ
Since T / Δt) is detected to detect the completion of charging, if the ambient temperature changes during charging as shown in FIG. There is a risk of FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a charging characteristic and a flowchart of charging completion detection in the case where the charging completion is detected by the method described above. FIG. 11A shows the charging characteristics as in FIG. 9, and the horizontal axis represents the charging time. The vertical axis shows the battery voltage V and the battery temperature T, and (b) shows the flowchart.
【００１１】二次電池の単位時間あたりの電圧上昇は、
前記したように充電開始時および電池の充電完了時に大
きくなり、電池の充電開始時の電圧上昇率をΔＶx2と
し、電池の充電完了時の電圧上昇率をΔＶx1とすると、
ΔＶx1＜ΔＶx2となる。上記の方法は、上記したΔＶ
x1＜ΔＶx2の関係に着目し、図１１（ａ）に示すように
単位時間当たりの電圧上昇率（ΔＶ／Δｔ）が上記ΔＶ
x1とΔＶx2の範囲内になった場合に電池充電完了を検出
する。The voltage rise of the secondary battery per unit time is
As described above, the voltage increases at the start of charging and at the completion of charging of the battery. If the voltage increase rate at the start of charging the battery is ΔVx2 and the voltage increase rate at the completion of charging of the battery is ΔVx1, then
ΔVx1 <ΔVx2. The above method is the same as the above ΔV.
Paying attention to the relationship of x1 <ΔVx2, as shown in FIG. 11A, the voltage increase rate per unit time (ΔV / Δt) is the above ΔV.
When it is within the range of x1 and ΔVx2, the battery charge completion is detected.
【００１２】すなわち、図１１（ｂ）のフローチャート
に示すように、単位時間当たりの電池電圧上昇率（ΔＶ
／Δｔ）を測定し（ステップＳ１）、電池電圧上昇率
（ΔＶ／Δｔ）が充電完了時の電圧上昇率（ΔＶx1）よ
り大きく、かつ、充電開始時の電圧上昇率（ΔＶx2）よ
り小さくなると（ステップＳ２）充電完了として、前記
した図８のスイッチＳＷ１をオフとする。That is, as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 11B, the battery voltage increase rate per unit time (ΔV
/ Δt) is measured (step S1) and when the battery voltage increase rate (ΔV / Δt) is larger than the voltage increase rate (ΔVx1) at the completion of charging and smaller than the voltage increase rate (ΔVx2) at the start of charging ( Step S2) Upon completion of charging, the switch SW1 shown in FIG. 8 is turned off.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記した
の方法は、電池の電圧降下（−ΔＶ）を検出しているた
め、図９に示したように、−ΔＶの値が大きいほど電池
の過充電の度合いが大きくなり、電池温度が上昇して電
池のサイクル寿命が低下する。また、の方法は、前記
したように充電途中で周囲温度の変化があると誤検出す
る恐れがあった。By the way, since the above-mentioned method detects the voltage drop (-ΔV) of the battery, as shown in FIG. The degree of charge increases, the battery temperature rises, and the cycle life of the battery decreases. In addition, as described above, the method (1) may erroneously detect that the ambient temperature has changed during charging.
【００１４】さらに、の方法は、充電開始時の電圧上
昇を電池の充電完了に基づく電圧上昇と誤検出する恐れ
があった。以上のように、従来の充電完了検出方法は電
池のサイクル寿命が低下したり、あるいは、誤検出をす
るといった問題点があった。本発明は上記した従来技術
の問題点を改善するためになされたものであって、過充
電を避けることにより電池の長寿命化を図ることができ
るとともに、充電途中の誤検出を解消することができる
電池の充電制御方法を提供することを目的とする。Further, the above method may erroneously detect the voltage increase at the start of charging as the voltage increase due to the completion of charging of the battery. As described above, the conventional method of detecting the completion of charging has a problem that the cycle life of the battery is shortened or erroneous detection is performed. The present invention has been made in order to improve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. It is possible to prolong the life of the battery by avoiding overcharging, and to eliminate erroneous detection during charging. An object of the present invention is to provide a battery charge control method capable of controlling the battery.
【００１５】[0015]
【課題を解決するための手段】図１は本発明の原理ブロ
ック図であり、同図において、１は充電される二次電
池、Ｖは二次電池の電圧、２は二次電池の温度Ｔを測定
する温度センサ、３は充電時における電池電圧の最大値
を記憶した記憶手段、ΔＶ／Δｔは単位時間当たりの電
池電圧変化量、ΔＴ／Δｔは単位時間当たりの電池温度
変化量、ΔＶx1、ΔＴx 、Ｔx 、−ΔＶｘは予め定めら
れた設定値である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the principle of the present invention, in which 1 is a secondary battery to be charged, V is the voltage of the secondary battery, and 2 is the temperature T of the secondary battery. A temperature sensor 3 for measuring the maximum value of the battery voltage during charging, ΔV / Δt is the battery voltage change amount per unit time, ΔT / Δt is the battery temperature change amount per unit time, ΔVx1, ΔTx, Tx, and −ΔVx are preset setting values.
【００１６】本発明の請求項１の発明は図１（ａ）に示
すように、二次電池１を短時間で定電流充電する電池の
充電制御方法において、充電開始から所定時間ｔs 経過
後、単位時間当たりの電池電圧変化量ΔＶ／Δｔの測定
を開始し、上記単位時間当たりの電池電圧変化量ΔＶ／
Δｔが所定の設定値ΔＶx1に達したとき、電池の充電を
終了するようにしたものである。As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the invention of claim 1 of the present invention is a battery charge control method for charging a secondary battery 1 with a constant current in a short time, and after a predetermined time ts has elapsed from the start of charging, The measurement of the battery voltage change amount ΔV / Δt per unit time is started, and the battery voltage change amount ΔV /
The charging of the battery is terminated when Δt reaches a predetermined set value ΔVx1.
【００１７】本発明の請求項２の発明は図１（ｂ）に示
すように、二次電池１を短時間で定電流充電する電池の
充電制御方法において、単位時間当たりの電池電圧変化
量ΔＶ／Δｔと単位時間当たりの電池温度変化量ΔＴ／
Δｔを測定し、単位時間当たりの電池電圧変化量ΔＶ／
Δｔと単位時間当たりの電池温度変化量ΔＴ／Δｔが共
に所定の設定値ΔＶx1、ΔＴx に達したとき電池の充電
を終了するようにしたものである。According to a second aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), in a battery charge control method for charging a secondary battery 1 with a constant current in a short time, a battery voltage change amount ΔV per unit time is increased. / Δt and battery temperature change amount ΔT / per unit time
Δt is measured and the battery voltage change amount per unit time ΔV /
The charging of the battery is terminated when both Δt and the battery temperature change amount ΔT / Δt per unit time reach predetermined set values ΔVx1 and ΔTx.
【００１８】本発明の請求項３の発明は図１（ｃ）に示
すように、二次電池１を短時間で定電流充電する電池の
充電制御方法において、単位時間当たりの電池電圧変化
量ΔＶ／Δｔと電池温度Ｔを測定し、単位時間当たりの
電池電圧変化量ΔＶ／Δｔと電池温度Ｔが共に所定の設
定値ΔＶx1、Ｔx に達したとき電池の充電を終了するよ
うにしたものである。According to a third aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), in a battery charge control method for charging a secondary battery 1 with a constant current in a short time, a battery voltage change amount ΔV per unit time is increased. / Δt and the battery temperature T are measured, and when the battery voltage change amount ΔV / Δt per unit time and the battery temperature T both reach the predetermined set values ΔVx1 and Tx, the battery charging is terminated. .
【００１９】本発明の請求項４の発明は図１（ｄ）に示
すように、二次電池１を短時間で定電流充電する電池の
充電制御方法において、予め、充電時における電池電圧
の最大値Ｖp を記憶手段３に記憶しておき、充電時にお
ける電池電圧Ｖが上記記憶手段３に記憶された電池電圧
の最大値Ｖp に達したとき、電池の充電を終了するよう
にしたものである。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 (d), in the battery charge control method for charging the secondary battery 1 with a constant current in a short time, the maximum battery voltage during charging is previously set. The value Vp is stored in the storage means 3, and when the battery voltage V at the time of charging reaches the maximum value Vp of the battery voltage stored in the storage means 3, the charging of the battery is terminated. .
【００２０】本発明の請求項５の発明は図１（ｅ）に示
すように、二次電池１を短時間で定電流充電する電池の
充電制御方法において、電池電圧の降下量−ΔＶと電池
温度Ｔを測定し、電池電圧の降下量−ΔＶと電池温度Ｔ
のいずれか一方が所定の設定値−ΔＶx 、Ｔx に達した
とき電池の充電を終了するようにしたものである。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 (e), in the battery charge control method for charging the secondary battery 1 with a constant current in a short time, the battery voltage drop amount -ΔV and the battery The temperature T is measured, and the battery voltage drop amount -ΔV and the battery temperature T
The charging of the battery is terminated when either one of them reaches a predetermined set value −ΔVx, Tx.
【００２１】[0021]
【作用】本発明の請求項１の発明においては、単位時間
当たりの電池電圧変化量ΔＶ／Δｔが設定値ΔＶx1に達
したとき、電池の充電を終了する充電制御方法におい
て、充電開始から所定時間、単位時間当たりの電池電圧
変化量ΔＶ／Δｔを測定しないようにしたので、充電開
始時における電池の電圧変化を充電の完了と誤検出する
ことなく、１００％充電の直前で充電を終了することが
でき、電池の長寿命化を図ることができる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the battery voltage change amount ΔV / Δt per unit time reaches the set value ΔVx1, the charging control method ends the charging of the battery in a predetermined time from the start of charging. Since the amount of battery voltage change ΔV / Δt per unit time is not measured, the battery voltage change at the start of charging should not be erroneously detected as the completion of charging, and charging should be terminated immediately before 100% charging. Therefore, the battery life can be extended.
【００２２】本発明の請求項２の発明においては、単位
時間当たりの電池電圧変化量ΔＶ／Δｔと単位時間当た
りの電池温度変化量ΔＴ／Δｔを測定し、単位時間当た
りの電池電圧変化量ΔＶ／Δｔと単位時間当たりの電池
温度変化量ΔＴ／Δｔが共に所定の設定値ΔＶx1、ΔＴ
x に達したとき電池の充電を終了するようにしたので、
請求項１の発明と同様の効果を得ることができるととも
に、周囲温度が変わっても、充電完了と誤検出すること
がない。According to the second aspect of the present invention, the battery voltage change amount ΔV / Δt per unit time and the battery temperature change amount ΔT / Δt per unit time are measured, and the battery voltage change amount ΔV per unit time is measured. / Δt and the battery temperature change amount ΔT / Δt per unit time are both predetermined set values ΔVx1, ΔT
When I reached x, I decided to stop charging the battery, so
The same effect as the invention of claim 1 can be obtained, and even if the ambient temperature changes, it is not erroneously detected that the charging is completed.
【００２３】本発明の請求項３の発明においては、単位
時間当たりの電池電圧変化量ΔＶ／Δｔと電池温度Ｔを
測定し、単位時間当たりの電池電圧変化量ΔＶ／Δｔと
電池温度Ｔが共に所定の設定値ΔＶx1、Ｔx に達したと
き電池の充電を終了するようにしたので、請求項２の発
明と同様の効果を得ることができる。本発明の請求項４
の発明においては、充電時における電池電圧Ｖが記憶手
段３に記憶された電池電圧の最大値Ｖp に達したとき、
電池の充電を終了するようにしたので、請求項１ないし
請求項４の発明と同様、１００％充電の直前で充電を終
了することができ、電池の長寿命化を図ることができ
る。According to the third aspect of the present invention, the battery voltage change amount ΔV / Δt per unit time and the battery temperature T are measured, and the battery voltage change amount ΔV / Δt per unit time and the battery temperature T are both Since the charging of the battery is terminated when the predetermined set value ΔVx1, Tx is reached, the same effect as the invention of claim 2 can be obtained. Claim 4 of the present invention
In the invention, when the battery voltage V during charging reaches the maximum value Vp of the battery voltage stored in the storage means 3,
Since the charging of the battery is terminated, the charging can be terminated immediately before 100% charging, and the life of the battery can be extended, as in the inventions of claims 1 to 4.
【００２４】本発明の請求項５の発明においては、電池
電圧の降下量−ΔＶと電池温度Ｔを測定し、電池電圧の
降下量−ΔＶと電池温度Ｔのいずれか一方が所定の設定
値−ΔＶx 、Ｔx に達したとき電池の充電を終了するよ
うにしたので、電池の温度上昇により１００％充電の直
前で充電を終了することができ、また、何らかの原因に
より温度上昇による電池充電完了を検出できなかった場
合でも、電池電圧降下により充電を終了することがで
き、過充電による電池のサイクル寿命の低下を防ぐこと
が可能となる。According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the battery voltage drop amount -ΔV and the battery temperature T are measured, and one of the battery voltage drop amount -ΔV and the battery temperature T is a predetermined set value- Since the charging of the battery is terminated when ΔVx and Tx are reached, the charging can be terminated just before 100% charging due to the temperature rise of the battery, and the completion of battery charging due to the temperature rise is detected for some reason. Even if it is not possible, the charging can be terminated due to the battery voltage drop, and it is possible to prevent the cycle life of the battery from being shortened due to overcharging.
【００２５】[0025]
【実施例】図２は本発明の第１の実施例を示す図であ
り、同図（ａ）は本実施例における充電特性を示し、図
９と同様、横軸は充電時間、縦軸は電池電圧Ｖと電池温
度Ｔを示しており、また、（ｂ）は本実施例のフローチ
ャートを示している。本実施例においては、前記した充
電開始時における誤検出を防止するため、充電直後はΔ
Ｖ／Δｔを検出しないようにしたものである。EXAMPLE FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first example of the present invention. FIG. 2 (a) shows the charging characteristics in this example. As in FIG. 9, the horizontal axis represents the charging time and the vertical axis represents the charging characteristic. The battery voltage V and the battery temperature T are shown, and (b) shows the flowchart of this embodiment. In this embodiment, in order to prevent erroneous detection at the start of charging described above, Δ
This is so that V / Δt is not detected.
【００２６】すなわち、図２（ｂ）のフローチャートに
示すように、充電時間ｔが所定時間ｔs （例えば、充電
開始から数分間）より大きいか否かを判別し（ステップ
Ｓ１）、充電開始からの時間ｔが所定時間ｔs より大き
くなると、ΔＶ／Δｔを測定し（ステップＳ２）、電池
電圧上昇率（ΔＶ／Δｔ）が所定の電圧上昇率（ΔＶx
1）に達すると（ステップＳ３）充電完了として、前記
した図８のスイッチＳＷ１をオフとする。That is, as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 2 (b), it is judged whether or not the charging time t is longer than a predetermined time ts (for example, several minutes from the start of charging) (step S1), and from the start of charging. When the time t becomes longer than the predetermined time ts, ΔV / Δt is measured (step S2), and the battery voltage increase rate (ΔV / Δt) is changed to the predetermined voltage increase rate (ΔVx
When it reaches 1) (step S3), the charging is completed and the switch SW1 in FIG. 8 is turned off.
【００２７】図３は本発明の第２の実施例を示す図であ
り、同図（ａ）は本実施例における充電特性を示し、図
９と同様、横軸は充電時間、縦軸は電池電圧Ｖと電池温
度Ｔを示しており、また、（ｂ）は本実施例のフローチ
ャートを示している。なお、同図（ａ）の温度Ｔのカー
ブにおいて、充電途中における温度上昇は周囲温度の変
化に基づく電池温度上昇を示している。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 (a) shows the charging characteristics in this embodiment. As in FIG. 9, the horizontal axis represents the charging time and the vertical axis represents the battery. The voltage V and the battery temperature T are shown, and (b) shows the flowchart of this embodiment. In the curve of temperature T in FIG. 9A, the temperature rise during charging indicates the battery temperature rise due to the change in ambient temperature.
【００２８】本実施例は電池電圧上昇率（ΔＶ／Δｔ）
に加えて電池温度上昇率（ΔＴ／Δｔ）を測定して充電
完了を検出することにより１００パーセント充電に達す
る直前で充電を終了するようにしたものである。すなわ
ち、図３（ｂ）のフローチャートに示すように、電池温
度上昇率（ΔＴ／Δｔ）と電池電圧上昇率（ΔＶ／Δ
ｔ）を測定し（ステップＳ１）、電池温度上昇率（ΔＴ
／Δｔ）が所定値ΔＴx に達すると（ステップＳ２）、
ΔＶ／Δｔが所定の電圧上昇率（ΔＶx1）より大きか否
かを判別し（ステップＳ３）、電池電圧上昇率（ΔＶ／
Δｔ）が電圧上昇率（ΔＶx1）に達すると、充電完了と
して、前記した図８のスイッチＳＷ１をオフとする。In this embodiment, the battery voltage increase rate (ΔV / Δt)
In addition to this, the battery temperature rise rate (ΔT / Δt) is measured to detect the completion of charging, so that the charging is terminated immediately before 100% charging is reached. That is, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3B, the battery temperature increase rate (ΔT / Δt) and the battery voltage increase rate (ΔV / Δt).
t) is measured (step S1), and the battery temperature rise rate (ΔT
/ Δt) reaches a predetermined value ΔTx (step S2),
It is determined whether or not ΔV / Δt is larger than a predetermined voltage increase rate (ΔVx1) (step S3), and the battery voltage increase rate (ΔV /
When Δt) reaches the voltage increase rate (ΔVx1), the charging is completed and the switch SW1 shown in FIG. 8 is turned off.
【００２９】図４は本発明の第３の実施例を示す図であ
り、同図（ａ）は本実施例における充電特性を示し、図
９と同様、横軸は充電時間、縦軸は電池電圧Ｖと電池温
度Ｔを示しており、また、（ｂ）は本実施例のフローチ
ャートを示している。なお、同図（ａ）の温度Ｔのカー
ブにおいて、充電途中における温度上昇は、図３の場合
と同様、周囲温度の変化に基づく電池温度上昇を示して
いる。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 (a) shows the charging characteristics in this embodiment. As in FIG. 9, the horizontal axis represents the charging time and the vertical axis represents the battery. The voltage V and the battery temperature T are shown, and (b) shows the flowchart of this embodiment. In the curve of the temperature T in FIG. 9A, the temperature rise during charging indicates the battery temperature rise due to the change in ambient temperature, as in the case of FIG.
【００３０】本実施例は電池電圧上昇率（ΔＶ／Δｔ）
に加えて電池温度（Ｔ）を測定して充電完了を検出する
ことにより１００パーセント充電に達する直前で充電を
終了するようにしたものである。すなわち、図４（ｂ）
のフローチャートに示すように、電池温度（Ｔ）と電池
電圧上昇率（ΔＶ／Δｔ）を測定し（ステップＳ１）、
電池温度（Ｔ）が所定値Ｔx に達すると（ステップＳ
２）、ΔＶ／Δｔが所定の電圧上昇率（ΔＶx1）より大
きか否かを判別し（ステップＳ３）、電池電圧上昇率
（ΔＶ／Δｔ）が電圧上昇率（ΔＶx1）に達すると、充
電完了として、前記した図８のスイッチＳＷ１をオフと
する。In this embodiment, the battery voltage increase rate (ΔV / Δt)
In addition, the battery temperature (T) is measured to detect the completion of charging, so that the charging is terminated immediately before 100% charging is reached. That is, FIG. 4 (b)
The battery temperature (T) and the battery voltage increase rate (ΔV / Δt) are measured (step S1),
When the battery temperature (T) reaches a predetermined value Tx (step S
2), it is determined whether or not ΔV / Δt is larger than a predetermined voltage increase rate (ΔVx1) (step S3), and when the battery voltage increase rate (ΔV / Δt) reaches the voltage increase rate (ΔVx1), charging is completed. As a result, the switch SW1 shown in FIG. 8 is turned off.
【００３１】図５は本発明の第４の実施例を示す図であ
り、同図（ａ）は本実施例における充電特性を示し、図
９と同様、横軸は充電時間、縦軸は電池電圧Ｖと電池温
度Ｔを示している。また、（ｂ）は本実施例のフローチ
ャートを示し、（ｃ）は周囲温度と電池の充電時におけ
る最大電圧Ｖp との関係を示すテーブルである。一般に
電池の充電時における最大電圧Ｖp と電池の周囲温度は
所定の対応関係があり、電池の種類、電池の製造メーカ
等が定まると、それに応じて周囲温度に対する最大電圧
Ｖp が定まる。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 (a) shows the charging characteristics in this embodiment. As in FIG. 9, the horizontal axis represents the charging time and the vertical axis represents the battery. The voltage V and the battery temperature T are shown. Further, (b) shows a flow chart of the present embodiment, and (c) is a table showing the relationship between the ambient temperature and the maximum voltage Vp at the time of charging the battery. Generally, the maximum voltage Vp at the time of charging the battery and the ambient temperature of the battery have a predetermined correspondence relationship. When the type of battery, the manufacturer of the battery, etc. are determined, the maximum voltage Vp with respect to the ambient temperature is determined accordingly.
【００３２】本実施例は図５（ｃ）に示す電池の充電時
における最大電圧Ｖp と周囲温度の関係を示すテーブル
を、電池の種類、製造メーカ毎に予め不揮発性記憶素子
に記憶しておき、電池の充電時、充電する電池の種類等
を特定して、上記不揮発性記憶素子から周囲温度に対す
る電池の最大電圧Ｖp を読みだし、電池の電圧と比較す
ることにより充電完了を検出するようにしたものであ
る。In this embodiment, a table showing the relationship between the maximum voltage Vp at the time of charging the battery and the ambient temperature shown in FIG. 5C is stored in advance in the nonvolatile memory element for each battery type and manufacturer. At the time of charging the battery, the type of the battery to be charged is specified, the maximum voltage Vp of the battery with respect to the ambient temperature is read from the nonvolatile memory element, and the completion of charging is detected by comparing with the voltage of the battery. It was done.
【００３３】すなわち、図５（ｂ）のフローチャートに
示すように、周囲温度を測定し（ステップＳ１）、不揮
発性記憶素子から周囲温度に対応した電池の最大電圧Ｖ
p を呼び出し（ステップＳ２）、ついで、電池電圧Ｖを
測定して（ステップＳ３）、電池電圧Ｖが電池の最大電
圧Ｖp に達すると（ステップＳ４）、充電完了として、
前記した図８のスイッチＳＷ１をオフとする。That is, as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 5B, the ambient temperature is measured (step S1), and the maximum voltage V of the battery corresponding to the ambient temperature is measured from the nonvolatile memory element.
p is called (step S2), then the battery voltage V is measured (step S3), and when the battery voltage V reaches the maximum battery voltage Vp (step S4), charging is completed,
The switch SW1 shown in FIG. 8 is turned off.
【００３４】図６は本発明の第５の実施例を示す図であ
り、同図（ａ）は本実施例における充電特性を示し、図
９と同様、横軸は充電時間、縦軸は電池電圧Ｖと電池温
度Ｔを示しており、また、（ｂ）は本実施例のフローチ
ャートを示している。本実施例は充電完了時における電
池電圧降下（−ΔＶ）と電池温度（Ｔ）を測定して、電
池温度が適温以上の場合に充電を終了するものであり、
図６（ａ）は電池温度が所定温度Ｔx に達したとき、充
電終了を検出した場合を示している。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 (a) shows the charging characteristics in this embodiment. Similar to FIG. 9, the horizontal axis represents the charging time and the vertical axis represents the battery. The voltage V and the battery temperature T are shown, and (b) shows the flowchart of this embodiment. In this embodiment, the battery voltage drop (−ΔV) and the battery temperature (T) at the time of completion of charging are measured, and the charging is terminated when the battery temperature is equal to or higher than an appropriate temperature.
FIG. 6A shows the case where the end of charging is detected when the battery temperature reaches the predetermined temperature Tx.
【００３５】本実施例においては、図６（ｂ）のフロー
チャートに示すように、電池温度（Ｔ）と電池電圧降下
（−ΔＶ）を測定し（ステップＳ１）、電池電圧降下
（−ΔＶ）が所定の電圧降下（−ΔＶx ）に達すると充
電を終了する。また、電池電圧降下（−ΔＶ）が所定の
電圧降下（−ΔＶx ）より大きくない場合には、電池温
度（Ｔ）と所定温度（Ｔx ）を比較する（ステップＳ
２，Ｓ３）。そして、電池温度（Ｔ）が所定温度（Ｔx
）より小さい場合にはステップＳ１に戻り、また、電
池温度（Ｔ）が所定温度（Ｔx ）に達すると充電完了と
して、前記した図８のスイッチＳＷ１をオフとする。In this embodiment, as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 6B, the battery temperature (T) and the battery voltage drop (-ΔV) are measured (step S1), and the battery voltage drop (-ΔV) is determined. Charging is terminated when a predetermined voltage drop (-ΔVx) is reached. If the battery voltage drop (-ΔV) is not larger than the predetermined voltage drop (-ΔVx), the battery temperature (T) and the predetermined temperature (Tx) are compared (step S).
2, S3). Then, the battery temperature (T) is the predetermined temperature (Tx
If the battery temperature (T) reaches a predetermined temperature (Tx), charging is completed and the switch SW1 in FIG. 8 is turned off.
【００３６】本実施例においては、上記のように電池電
圧降下に加えて電池温度上昇を検出して電池の充電終了
としているので、電池の温度上昇により充電を終了する
ことができ、過充電になることを防ぐことができる。ま
た、何らかの原因により温度上昇による電池充電完了を
検出できなかった場合でも、電池電圧降下により充電を
終了することができる。In the present embodiment, as described above, the battery temperature rise is detected and the battery temperature rise is detected to terminate the charging of the battery. Therefore, the charging can be terminated due to the temperature rise of the battery, resulting in overcharging. Can be prevented. Further, even if the battery charge completion due to the temperature rise cannot be detected for some reason, the battery voltage drop can terminate the charge.
【００３７】図７は第２の実施例の方法を、ニッケル水
素電池の充電制御に適用した場合の充電特性を示す図で
あり、同図は下記の条件で充電した場合の充電特性を示
している。 ニッケル水素電池 ８セル直列 公称電圧 １．２Ｖ×８＝９．６Ｖ 公称容量 １１００ｍＡｈ 周囲温度 ２５°Ｃ 充電電流 １Ｃ（１時間で公称容量値まで充電
できる電流、この場合は１１００ｍＡ） ΔＶx1＝６０ｍＶ／ｍｉｎ ΔＴx ＝１°Ｃ／ｍｉｎ 上記例においては、充電途中で周囲温度の変化に伴い電
池温度が変化しているので、電池温度変化量ΔＴ／Δｔ
が検出されるが、この場合にはΔＶ／Δｔには変化がな
いので、充電完了と誤検出することはなく充電が継続す
る。その後、ΔＴ／Δｔ、ΔＶ／Δｔの両方が上記した
ΔＶx1、ΔＴx に達すると充電を終了する。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing charge characteristics when the method of the second embodiment is applied to charge control of a nickel-hydrogen battery, and FIG. 7 shows charge characteristics when charged under the following conditions. There is. Nickel-metal hydride battery 8 cells in series Nominal voltage 1.2V × 8 = 9.6V Nominal capacity 1100mAh Ambient temperature 25 ° C Charging current 1C (Current that can be charged to the nominal capacity value in 1 hour, 1100mA in this case) ΔVx1 = 60mV / min ΔTx = 1 ° C / min In the above example, since the battery temperature changes along with the change of the ambient temperature during charging, the battery temperature change amount ΔT / Δt
However, in this case, since ΔV / Δt does not change, charging is continued without erroneous detection of completion of charging. After that, when both ΔT / Δt and ΔV / Δt reach the above-mentioned ΔVx1 and ΔTx, the charging is terminated.
【００３８】[0038]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明において
は、充電開始からの経過時間、単位時間当たりの電池電
圧変化量、電池温度変化量、電池電圧、電池温度等の条
件を組み合わせて電池の充電完了を検出しているので、
電池の長寿命化を図ることができるととともに、充電完
了の誤検出を防ぐことができ、電池の急速充電器の性能
向上に寄与するところが大きい。As described above, according to the present invention, the combination of conditions such as the elapsed time from the start of charging, the battery voltage change amount per unit time, the battery temperature change amount, the battery voltage, the battery temperature, etc. Since the completion of charging is detected,
In addition to being able to extend the life of the battery, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection of completion of charging, which greatly contributes to improving the performance of the quick charger for the battery.
【図１】本発明の原理ブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a principle block diagram of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の第１の実施例を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の第２の実施例を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の第３の実施例を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の第４の実施例を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の第５の実施例を示す図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】本発明をニッケル水素電池に適用した場合の充
電特性を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing charging characteristics when the present invention is applied to a nickel hydrogen battery.
【図８】本発明の前提となる二次電池の充電装置を示す
図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a secondary battery charging device that is a premise of the present invention.
【図９】従来例を示す図である。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a conventional example.
【図１０】従来例を示す図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a conventional example.
【図１１】従来例を示す図である。FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a conventional example.
１，１２ 二次電池 ２，１２ａ 温度センサ ３ 記憶手段 １１ ＡＣアダプタ １３ 二次電池を搭載した装置 １３ａ ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ １３ｂ 負荷 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,12 Secondary battery 2,12a Temperature sensor 3 Storage means 11 AC adapter 13 Device equipped with secondary battery 13a DC / DC converter 13b Load
Claims (5)
電池の充電制御方法において、 充電開始から所定時間ｔs 経過後、単位時間当たりの電
池電圧変化量( ΔＶ／Δｔ）の測定を開始し、上記単位
時間当たりの電池電圧変化量( ΔＶ／Δｔ）が所定の設
定値（ΔＶx1）に達したとき、電池の充電を終了するこ
とを特徴とする電池の充電制御方法。1. A battery charge control method for charging a secondary battery (1) with a constant current in a short time, in which a battery voltage change amount (ΔV / Δt) is measured per unit time after a predetermined time ts has elapsed from the start of charging. Is started, and when the battery voltage change amount (ΔV / Δt) per unit time reaches a predetermined set value (ΔVx1), the battery charging is terminated.
電池の充電制御方法において、 単位時間当たりの電池電圧変化量( ΔＶ／Δｔ）と単位
時間当たりの電池温度変化量( ΔＴ／Δｔ）を測定し、
単位時間当たりの電池電圧変化量( ΔＶ／Δｔ）と単位
時間当たりの電池温度変化量( ΔＴ／Δｔ）が共に所定
の設定値（ΔＶx1、ΔＴx ）に達したとき電池の充電を
終了することを特徴とする電池の充電制御方法。2. A battery charge control method for charging a secondary battery (1) with a constant current for a short time, comprising: a battery voltage change amount (ΔV / Δt) per unit time and a battery temperature change amount (ΔT) per unit time. / Δt) is measured,
When the amount of battery voltage change per unit time (ΔV / Δt) and the amount of battery temperature change per unit time (ΔT / Δt) both reach the preset values (ΔVx1, ΔTx), the battery charging is terminated. A characteristic battery charge control method.
電池の充電制御方法において、 単位時間当たりの電池電圧変化量( ΔＶ／Δｔ）と電池
温度（Ｔ）を測定し、単位時間当たりの電池電圧変化量
( ΔＶ／Δｔ）と電池温度（Ｔ）が共に所定の設定値
（ΔＶx1、Ｔx ）に達したとき電池の充電を終了するこ
とを特徴とする電池の充電制御方法。3. A battery charge control method for charging a secondary battery (1) with a constant current in a short time, wherein a battery voltage change amount (ΔV / Δt) per unit time and a battery temperature (T) are measured, and a unit Battery voltage change per hour
A battery charge control method characterized in that charging of the battery is terminated when both (ΔV / Δt) and the battery temperature (T) reach a predetermined set value (ΔVx1, Tx).
電池の充電制御方法において、 予め、充電時における電池電圧の最大値（Ｖp ）を記憶
手段(3) に記憶しておき、 充電時における電池電圧（Ｖ）が上記記憶手段(3) に記
憶された電池電圧の最大値（Ｖp ）に達したとき、電池
の充電を終了することを特徴とする電池の充電制御方
法。4. A battery charge control method for charging a secondary battery (1) with a constant current in a short time, wherein a maximum value (Vp) of a battery voltage during charging is stored in a storage means (3) in advance. A charging control method for a battery, characterized in that the charging of the battery is terminated when the battery voltage (V) during charging reaches the maximum value (Vp) of the battery voltage stored in the storage means (3).
電池の充電制御方法において、 電池電圧の降下量（−ΔＶ）と電池温度（Ｔ）を測定
し、電池電圧の降下量（−ΔＶ）と電池温度（Ｔ）のい
ずれか一方が所定の設定値（−ΔＶx 、Ｔx ）に達した
とき電池の充電を終了することを特徴とする電池の充電
制御方法。5. A battery charge control method for charging a secondary battery (1) with a constant current in a short time, in which a battery voltage drop amount (-ΔV) and a battery temperature (T) are measured to determine a battery voltage drop amount. A battery charge control method, wherein charging of the battery is terminated when either one of (-ΔV) and battery temperature (T) reaches a predetermined set value (-ΔVx, Tx).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5102407A JPH06315233A (en) | 1993-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | Battery charge control method |
| US08/202,506 US5627451A (en) | 1993-04-28 | 1994-02-28 | Control method and control apparatus for secondary battery charging in constant current charging method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5102407A JPH06315233A (en) | 1993-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | Battery charge control method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06315233A true JPH06315233A (en) | 1994-11-08 |
Family
ID=14326591
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5102407A Pending JPH06315233A (en) | 1993-04-28 | 1993-04-28 | Battery charge control method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5627451A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH06315233A (en) |
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| JP2014131386A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-10 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Secondary battery system and secondary battery control device |
| WO2019142915A1 (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-07-25 | マクセルホールディングス株式会社 | Alkaline secondary cell, charging method of said alkaline secondary cell, and charging device of alkaline secondary cell |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5627451A (en) | 1997-05-06 |
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