JPH06296588A - Stereoscopic fundus camera - Google Patents

Stereoscopic fundus camera

Info

Publication number
JPH06296588A
JPH06296588A JP5114057A JP11405793A JPH06296588A JP H06296588 A JPH06296588 A JP H06296588A JP 5114057 A JP5114057 A JP 5114057A JP 11405793 A JP11405793 A JP 11405793A JP H06296588 A JPH06296588 A JP H06296588A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fundus
optical system
index
focusing
observation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP5114057A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3672329B2 (en
Inventor
Tsuguo Kusushiro
紹生 楠城
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nidek Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nidek Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nidek Co Ltd filed Critical Nidek Co Ltd
Priority to JP11405793A priority Critical patent/JP3672329B2/en
Priority to US08/095,763 priority patent/US5382988A/en
Publication of JPH06296588A publication Critical patent/JPH06296588A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3672329B2 publication Critical patent/JP3672329B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve accuracy of focusing on a fundus by means of installation system with an optical unit which projects a luminous flux as the index for focus adjustment onto the fundus and by providing an optical unit which is possible to detect rays from the luminous flux projection on the fundus. CONSTITUTION:Rays reflected from a fundus pass an objective lens 13 and form an intermediate image of the fundus at a position A. Rays, passed the hole of a perforated lens 12, are parted left and right at a two-hole stop 15, and are separated to two fluxes by a separation prism 16. Separated flux is, then, refracted to parallel by prism 17. It proceeds into relay lens 18, focusing lens 19 and image lens 24 successibly to give image at position B. The operator is possible to observe the image through ocular lens 25. As the point A shifts its position in conformity with ametropia of an eye to be examined, focusing lens 19 is shifted accordingly to a position capable of being in focus. Pinhole index 28, fundus and photographic film 22 are arranged to be conjugative mutually.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は立体眼底カメラに係り、
特に立体眼底カメラのフォ−カスを検知する機構に関す
る。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereoscopic fundus camera,
In particular, it relates to a mechanism for detecting the focus of a stereoscopic fundus camera.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の眼底カメラは、観察系に配置され
た線状のレティクルと眼底の空中像とを重ね合わせ、そ
の結像状態を観察することにより、フォーカス合わせを
行っていた。また、特公昭53−43277号公報等に
は、単眼視の眼底カメラにおいて、フォーカス合わせを
するための指標投影系を照明光学系の光路から分岐され
た光路中に設けられている装置が提案されている。
2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional fundus camera, focusing is performed by superimposing a linear reticle arranged in an observation system on an aerial image of the fundus and observing the imaged state. Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-43277 proposes a device in a monocular fundus camera in which an index projection system for focusing is provided in an optical path branched from the optical path of the illumination optical system. ing.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前者で
は、観察者の視度がフォーカス位置に直接影響を与える
ので、厳密にファインダの視度を観察者に合わせること
が必要となり、正確なフォーカス合わせにはかなりの熟
練が必要であるという欠点がある。また、後者は単眼視
の眼底カメラの場合であり、これを立体眼底カメラに応
用して左右視差の異なった2つの画像を得ようとする場
合、次のような問題がある。立体眼底カメラで眼底を撮
影するときの2本の撮影光軸は、角膜や水晶体に対して
異なった偏心状態にあることが多いので、後者の技術の
ままで立体眼底カメラの眼底像を得ることは困難である
という欠点がある。本発明の目的は、フォーカス合わせ
が容易であり、しかも左右の眼底像のフォーカスをチェ
ックし得ることができる立体眼底カメラを提供すること
にある。
However, in the former case, since the diopter of the observer directly affects the focus position, it is necessary to strictly adjust the diopter of the finder to the observer, and accurate focusing is not possible. Has the drawback of requiring considerable skill. The latter is the case of a monocular fundus camera, and when this is applied to a stereoscopic fundus camera to obtain two images with different left and right parallaxes, there are the following problems. Since the two imaging optical axes when taking a picture of the fundus with a stereoscopic fundus camera are often in different eccentric states with respect to the cornea and crystalline lens, the fundus image of the stereoscopic fundus camera can be obtained with the latter technique. Has the drawback of being difficult. An object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic fundus camera which can easily focus and can check the focus of left and right fundus images.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明の立体眼底カメラは、次のような特徴を持
つ。 (1) 被検眼眼底を照明する照明光学系と、被検眼眼
底の反射光束を2孔絞り及び光束分離部材により左右の
光束に分割し分割された左右の光束により眼底を立体的
に観察及び撮影する観察撮影光学系とを有し、該観察撮
影光学系のフォーカシングレンズの移動によって被検眼
眼底にフォーカスを合わせる立体眼底カメラにおいて、
前記照明光学系の光路中に配置した反射部材を介してフ
ォーカス合わせ用指標を眼底に投影する指標投影光学系
と、眼底に投影されたフォーカス合わせ用の指標の光束
を左右の前記観察及び撮影光学系の光路からそれぞれ検
出する検出光学系と、を設けたことを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the stereoscopic fundus camera of the present invention has the following features. (1) An illumination optical system that illuminates the fundus of the eye to be inspected, and a reflected light beam of the fundus of the eye to be inspected is divided into left and right light beams by a two-hole diaphragm and a light beam separating member, and the fundus is stereoscopically observed and photographed by the divided left and right light beams. In the stereoscopic fundus camera, which has an observation and photographing optical system for, and which focuses on a fundus of the eye to be inspected by moving a focusing lens of the observation and photographing optical system,
An index projection optical system that projects a focusing index onto the fundus through a reflecting member that is arranged in the optical path of the illumination optical system, and the observation and photographing optics on the left and right of the light flux of the index for focusing projected onto the fundus. And a detection optical system for detecting each from the optical path of the system.

【0005】(2) (1)のフォーカス合わせ用の指
標はフォーカス状態により複数に分離する指標であり、
前記検出光学系により検出された指標の分離状態からフ
ォーカス状態を判定する手段を有することを特徴とす
る。
(2) The index for focusing in (1) is an index which is divided into a plurality according to the focus state,
It is characterized by further comprising means for determining a focus state from a separated state of the index detected by the detection optical system.

【0006】(3) (1)の検出光学系は観察及び撮
影光学系の左右の光路にそれぞれ配置された反射部材を
介して指標光束を受光する受光素子を設けたことを特徴
とする。
(3) The detection optical system of (1) is characterized in that it is provided with a light receiving element for receiving the index light beam via reflecting members respectively arranged in the left and right optical paths of the observation and photographing optical system.

【0007】(4) (1)の観察撮影光学系のフォー
カシングレンズの移動に連動して、前記フォーカス合わ
せ用指標、または前記投影光学系のレンズを光軸方向に
移動する移動手段を有することを特徴とする。
(4) In accordance with the movement of the focusing lens of the observation / photographing optical system of (1), it has a moving means for moving the index for focusing or the lens of the projection optical system in the optical axis direction. Characterize.

【0008】(5) (1)の指標投影光学系は互いに
独立して投影距離を変えることができる投影距離変更手
段を備える2個の指標投影系からなるとともに、観察撮
影光学系のフォーカシングレンズも互いに独立して移動
することができるフォーカス変更手段を備える2このフ
ォーカシングレンズ系からなり、各投影距離変更手段は
1つのフォーカス変更手段と連動する連動手段とを有
し、前記左右一対の検出光学系の各検出結果に基づいて
対応可能なように独立して動作できることを特徴とす
る。
(5) The index projection optical system of (1) is composed of two index projection systems having projection distance changing means capable of changing the projection distance independently of each other, and also the focusing lens of the observation and photographing optical system. The focusing lens system includes two focus changing means that can be moved independently of each other. Each projection distance changing means has one focus changing means and interlocking means, and the pair of left and right detection optical systems. It is characterized in that it can operate independently so as to be able to deal with each detection result.

【0009】(6) (1)の立体眼底カメラにおい
て、前記左右一対の検出光学系の検出結果に基づいて前
記観察・撮影光学系中のフォーカシングレンズを駆動す
る駆動手段とを設けたことを特徴とする。
(6) In the stereoscopic fundus camera of (1), drive means for driving a focusing lens in the observation / photographing optical system based on the detection results of the pair of left and right detection optical systems is provided. And

【0010】(7) 被検眼眼底を照明する照明光学系
と、被検眼眼底の反射光束を2孔絞り及び光束分離部材
により左右の光束に分割し分割された左右の光束により
眼底を立体的に観察及び撮影する観察撮影光学系とを有
し、該観察撮影光学系のフォーカシングレンズの移動に
よって被検眼眼底にフォーカスを合わせる立体眼底カメ
ラにおいて、前記照明光学系の光路中に配置した反射部
材を介してフォーカス合わせ用指標を眼底に投影する指
標投影光学系と、眼底に投影されたフォーカス合わせ用
の指標の光束を左右の前記観察及び撮影光学系の光路か
らそれぞれ検出するための左右一対の検出光学系と、該
検出光学系による検出結果に基づいてフォーカス状態を
報知する報知手段と、を設けたことを特徴とする立体眼
底カメラ。
(7) An illumination optical system for illuminating the fundus of the eye to be inspected, and a reflected light beam of the fundus of the eye to be inspected is divided into left and right light beams by a two-hole diaphragm and a light beam separating member, and the fundus is stereoscopically divided by the divided left and right light beams. In a stereoscopic fundus camera having an observation and photographing optical system for observing and photographing and focusing on a fundus of an eye to be inspected by moving a focusing lens of the observation and photographing optical system, through a reflecting member arranged in an optical path of the illumination optical system. And a pair of left and right detection optics for detecting the light flux of the focusing index projected on the fundus from the optical paths of the left and right observation and photographing optical systems, respectively. A stereoscopic fundus camera, comprising: a system; and an informing unit for informing a focus state based on a detection result by the detection optical system.

【0011】(8) (7)の報知手段は、左右一対の
検出光学系の左右のそれぞれに報知手段を設けたことを
特徴とする。
(8) The notifying means of (7) is characterized in that the notifying means is provided on each of the left and right of the pair of left and right detection optical systems.

【0012】(9) (7)の立体眼底カメラにおい
て、左右一対の検出光学系による検出結果を処理して左
右一対の共通のフォーカス状態を報知する報知手段と、
を設けたことを特徴とする立体眼底カメラ。
(9) In the stereoscopic fundus camera of (7), a notifying means for processing the detection results of the pair of left and right detection optical systems to notify the pair of left and right common focus states.
A stereoscopic fundus camera characterized by being provided with.

【0013】[0013]

【実施例1】以下、本発明の一実施例を図面に基づき説
明する。 [構 成]図1は本実施例の光学系を横から見たときの
配置図の概略であり、照明光学系、撮影光学系、観察光
学系を示し、図2は図1の光学系を上から見た図であ
リ、撮影光学系の共用部分と観察光学系を示す。本実施
例の装置の主要な光学系は、照明光学系、撮影光学系、
観察光学系、フォ−カス検知光学系からなる。
Embodiment 1 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. [Structure] FIG. 1 is a schematic layout view of the optical system of this embodiment when viewed from the side, showing an illumination optical system, a photographing optical system, and an observation optical system, and FIG. 2 shows the optical system of FIG. The view seen from above shows the common part of the photographing optical system and the observation optical system. The main optical system of the apparatus of this embodiment is an illumination optical system, a photographing optical system,
It consists of an observation optical system and a focus detection optical system.

【0014】(照明光学系)1は観察用光源であるハロ
ゲンランプ、2はコンデンサ−レンズ、3は撮影用光源
であるキセノンフラッシュランプである。ハロゲンラン
プ1とキセノンフラッシュランプ3はコンデンサ−レン
ズ2を介して共役の位置にある。4はビ−ムスプリッタ
−、5はリレ−レンズ、6は開口絞りである。7は光路
を変えるためのミラ−、8は照明系リレ−レンズ、9は
中心部に黒点を有し有害光を除去するための標板、10
は指標投影系用ビ−ムスプリッタ、11は照明系リレ−
レンズ、12は穴開きミラ−、13は対物レンズ、14
は被検眼である。開口絞り6は照明光束を制限するリン
グ状のスリットであり、穴開きミラ−12の近傍にスリ
ットの中間像を形成し、穴開きミラ−12の外周で反射
した後、対物レンズ13により角膜近傍にスリット像を
形成し、被検眼14の眼底を照明する。
(Illumination optical system) 1 is a halogen lamp which is a light source for observation, 2 is a condenser lens, and 3 is a xenon flash lamp which is a light source for photographing. The halogen lamp 1 and the xenon flash lamp 3 are in a conjugate position via the condenser lens 2. 4 is a beam splitter, 5 is a relay lens, and 6 is an aperture stop. 7 is a mirror for changing the optical path, 8 is an illumination system relay lens, 9 is a reference plate for removing harmful light having a black spot in the central portion, 10
Is a beam splitter for an index projection system, and 11 is an illumination system relay.
Lens, 12 is a perforated mirror, 13 is an objective lens, 14
Is the eye to be examined. The aperture stop 6 is a ring-shaped slit that limits the illumination light flux, forms an intermediate image of the slit near the perforated mirror 12, reflects it on the outer periphery of the perforated mirror 12, and then near the cornea by the objective lens 13. A slit image is formed on the eye and the fundus of the eye 14 is illuminated.

【0015】(撮影光学系)13は対物レンズ、15は
ステレオ用2孔絞りである。2孔絞り15は被検眼瞳孔
と対物レンズ13を介して共役になるように配置され、
眼底で反射された光束を二分する。16,17は光束分
離プリズムで、光束分離プリズム16は二分された光束
の左右を入替え、光束分離プリズム17は二分された光
束を所定の間隔で平行にする。18はリレ−レンズ、1
9はフォ−カシングレンズ、20ははね上げミラ−、2
1は結像レンズ、22はフィルム面である。被検眼の眼
底で反射した光束は対物レンズ13によりA点で倒立の
中間像を結んだ後、穴開きミラ−12の開口部を通過
し、2孔絞り15、光束分離プリズム16,17を透過
した後、リレ−レンズ18、フォ−カシングレンズ1
9、結像レンズ21によりフィルム面22に左右それぞ
れの眼底像を結像する。フォ−カシングレンズ19は光
軸方向を移動可能であり、被検眼の屈折力を調整しフィ
ルム面22に眼底像のフォーカスを合わせる。はね上げ
ミラ−20は撮影光学系と観察光学系の光路を切替え
る。はね上げミラ−20は、キセノンフラッシュランプ
3の発光と同期して矢印方向にはね上げられ、眼底から
の撮影光束はフィルム面に到達する。
(Photographing optical system) 13 is an objective lens, and 15 is a stereo 2-hole diaphragm. The two-hole diaphragm 15 is arranged so as to be conjugate with the pupil of the eye to be examined through the objective lens 13,
The luminous flux reflected by the fundus is divided into two. Reference numerals 16 and 17 denote light beam separation prisms. The light beam separation prism 16 interchanges the left and right of the divided light beam, and the light beam separation prism 17 parallelizes the divided light beam at a predetermined interval. 18 is a relay lens, 1
9 is a focusing lens, 20 is a splashing mirror, and 2
Reference numeral 1 is an imaging lens, and 22 is a film surface. The light beam reflected by the fundus of the eye to be examined forms an inverted intermediate image at the point A by the objective lens 13, then passes through the aperture of the perforated mirror 12, and passes through the two-hole diaphragm 15 and the light beam separation prisms 16 and 17. After that, the relay lens 18 and the focusing lens 1
9. The left and right fundus images are formed on the film surface 22 by the imaging lens 21. The focusing lens 19 is movable in the optical axis direction, adjusts the refractive power of the eye to be inspected, and focuses the fundus image on the film surface 22. The splashing mirror-20 switches the optical paths of the photographing optical system and the observation optical system. The flip-up mirror 20 is flipped up in the direction of the arrow in synchronization with the light emission of the xenon flash lamp 3, and the photographing light flux from the fundus reaches the film surface.

【0016】(観察光学系)観察光学系は撮影光学系の
13〜20の光学系を共用する。23はミラ−、24は
観察系結像レンズ、25は接眼レンズ、26は撮影者で
ある。眼底で反射し対物レンズ13〜フォ−カシングレ
ンズ19を透過した観察光束は、はね上げミラ−20に
より反射されミラ−23により光路を変更された後、観
察系結像レンズ24により、フィルム面と共役な位置で
あるB点に正立の眼底像を結像する。撮影者26は接眼
レンズ25を介して被検眼の眼底像を観察する。
(Observation optical system) The observation optical system shares the optical systems 13 to 20 of the photographing optical system. Reference numeral 23 is a mirror, 24 is an observation system image forming lens, 25 is an eyepiece lens, and 26 is a photographer. The observation light flux reflected by the fundus of the eye and transmitted through the objective lens 13 to the focusing lens 19 is reflected by the flip-up mirror 20 and the optical path is changed by the mirror 23. An erect fundus image is formed at the conjugate point B. The photographer 26 observes the fundus image of the eye to be examined through the eyepiece lens 25.

【0017】(フォ−カス検知光学系)フォ−カス検知
光学系は指標投影系と指標検出系から構成される。 イ.指標投影系 27a,27bは指標を投影する指標投影用光源、28
はフィルム面22と共役な位置に配置されたピンホ−ル
の指標、29は指標28を被検眼14の眼底に投影する
ための補助レンズである。指標投影光学系は照明光学系
の光路から分岐された光路に配置され、ビ−ムスプリッ
タ10により照明光学系と同軸になる。ビームスプリッ
タ10により反射された指標投影光束は、補助レンズ2
9及び照明系リレーレンズ11により中間像をA点に作
った後、対物レンズ13により指標像を眼底に形成す
る。
(Focus Detection Optical System) The focus detection optical system comprises an index projection system and an index detection system. I. Index projection systems 27a and 27b are index projection light sources for projecting indexes, and 28
Is an index of a pinhole arranged at a position conjugate with the film surface 22, and 29 is an auxiliary lens for projecting the index 28 on the fundus of the eye 14 to be inspected. The index projection optical system is arranged in an optical path branched from the optical path of the illumination optical system, and is made coaxial with the illumination optical system by the beam splitter 10. The index projection light flux reflected by the beam splitter 10 is an auxiliary lens 2
After the intermediate image is formed at the point A by the 9 and the illumination system relay lens 11, the index image is formed on the fundus by the objective lens 13.

【0018】ロ.指標検出系 指標検出光学系は左右の観察光学系から分岐された光路
にそれぞれ配置されている。31a,31bは眼底に投
影された指標を結像するための結像レンズ、32a,3
2bは二分割受光素子である。指標投影系により眼底に
投影され、眼底で反射された指標光束は、対物レンズ1
3により再びA点に中間像を結んだ後、穴開きミラ−1
2の開口部を通り、2孔絞り15により二分される。光
束分離プリズム16,17a,bで分離された指標光束
は、リレーレンズ18a,b、フォーカシングレンズ1
9a,b、観察系結像レンズ24a,bによりそれぞれ
リレーされた後、ビームスプリッタ30a,bで反射さ
れ、結像レンズ31a,31bにより二分割受光素子3
2a,32bの受光面上に結像する。受光素子32a,
bの信号は後述するように処理され、フォ−カス状態が
検知される。その検出結果は観察光学系の可視LED3
3a,33bにより撮影者にそれぞれ報知される。な
お、指標投影用光源には赤外光光源、受光素子には赤外
受光素子を用いることにより、被検眼の負担を軽減する
ことができる。この場合照明系と同軸にするビ−ムスプ
リッタには赤外反射のコ−トのみを施すことによって、
照明光の光量ダウンを避けることができる。この構成で
は眼底に投影される指標が撮影者に邪魔にならないとい
う利点がある。また、上記の例では二分割受光素子32
a,32bにより光量バランスを検出しているが、指標
の眼底でのボケ状態を検出しても良い。
B. Index detection system The index detection optical system is arranged in each of the optical paths branched from the left and right observation optical systems. 31a and 31b are imaging lenses for imaging the index projected on the fundus, and 32a and 3b.
Reference numeral 2b is a two-divided light receiving element. The index light beam projected on the fundus by the index projection system and reflected by the fundus is the objective lens 1
After forming an intermediate image at point A again by 3, make a perforated mirror-1
It passes through the two openings and is bisected by the two-hole diaphragm 15. The index light fluxes separated by the light flux separation prisms 16, 17a, b are relay lenses 18a, 18b, focusing lens 1
9a, b, and the observation system imaging lenses 24a, 24b, respectively, are reflected by the beam splitters 30a, 30b, and are split by the imaging lenses 31a, 31b.
An image is formed on the light receiving surfaces of 2a and 32b. Light receiving element 32a,
The signal b is processed as described below to detect the focus state. The detection result is the visible LED 3 of the observation optical system.
The photographer is informed by 3a and 33b. By using an infrared light source as the index projection light source and an infrared light receiving element as the light receiving element, the burden on the eye to be examined can be reduced. In this case, the beam splitter that is coaxial with the illumination system is provided with only the infrared reflection coat,
It is possible to avoid a decrease in the amount of illumination light. This configuration has the advantage that the index projected on the fundus does not interfere with the photographer. In the above example, the two-divided light receiving element 32
Although the light amount balance is detected by a and 32b, the blur state of the index on the fundus of the eye may be detected.

【0019】[動 作]以上の構成の光学系を持つ装置
において、次にその動作を説明する。光学系本体はケ−
シングに収められ、移動台に載置されている。移動台と
共に摺動機構をなす固定台に固着されたアゴ台に被検者
を固定し、観察用光源であるハロゲンランプ1を点灯
し、被検眼を照明する。撮影者はジョイスティックを操
作し、摺動機構を介し光学系を前後、左右、上下に動か
し、照明系の開口絞り6の角膜上での像と被検眼の瞳孔
が所定の位置関係になるようにアライメントする。この
ようにしてアライメントできると、眼底は照明光により
照明される。さらに検者は照明光によるフレアが左右の
像に出ない状態にアライメントを微調節する。
[Operation] Next, the operation of the apparatus having the optical system having the above configuration will be described. The optical system body is
It is housed in a single and placed on a moving table. An examinee is fixed to a jaw stand that is fixed to a fixed stand that forms a sliding mechanism together with a moving stand, and the halogen lamp 1 that is a light source for observation is turned on to illuminate the eye to be inspected. The photographer operates the joystick to move the optical system back and forth, left and right, and up and down through the sliding mechanism so that the image on the cornea of the aperture stop 6 of the illumination system and the pupil of the eye to be examined have a predetermined positional relationship. Align. When the alignment can be performed in this way, the fundus is illuminated by the illumination light. Further, the examiner finely adjusts the alignment so that the flare caused by the illumination light does not appear in the left and right images.

【0020】眼底からの反射光は、対物レンズ13を通
過後、A点に眼底の中間像を形成する。この眼底像は倒
立像である。穴開きミラ−12の開口部を通過した光束
は、2孔絞り15で左右2光束に分割される。分割され
た光束はA点後に左右反転しているので、2孔絞り15
の直後に配置された光束分離プリズム16により、左右
の光束をさらに入替えると共に分離する。分離した光束
はプリズム17a,17bでそれぞれ反射した後、平行
光束となり1対の結像レンズ系、即ち、リレ−レンズ1
8a,18b、フォ−カシングレンズ19a,19b、
観察系結像レンズ24a,24bによりB点上に結像す
る。この眼底像は正立像である。撮影者は左右の接眼レ
ンズ25a,25bによりこの像を観察することで、眼
底の立体観察をすることができる。
The reflected light from the fundus passes through the objective lens 13 and forms an intermediate image of the fundus at point A. This fundus image is an inverted image. The light beam that has passed through the aperture of the perforated mirror 12 is split into two left and right light beams by the two-hole diaphragm 15. Since the split light flux is horizontally reversed after point A, the two-hole aperture 15
By the light beam separation prism 16 arranged immediately after, the left and right light beams are further interchanged and separated. The separated light beams are reflected by the prisms 17a and 17b, respectively, and then become parallel light beams, that is, a pair of imaging lens systems, that is, the relay lens 1
8a, 18b, focusing lenses 19a, 19b,
An image is formed on the point B by the observation system imaging lenses 24a and 24b. This fundus image is an erect image. The photographer can observe the fundus stereoscopically by observing this image with the left and right eyepieces 25a and 25b.

【0021】被検眼の屈折異常に応じてA点は移動する
ので、撮影者はノブを回して最良なフォ−カスが得られ
る位置にフォ−カシングレンズ19a,19bを移動す
る。ピンホールの指標28、眼底、フィルム面22(及
び受光素子32a,32bの検出面)は互いに共役にな
るように配置され、また、フォ−カシングレンズ19
a,19bの移動に連動して指標28は光軸上を移動す
る。指標投影用光源27a,27bにより照明されたピ
ンホールの指標28の光束は被検眼眼底に対物レンズ等
を介して投影されるが、被検眼に屈折異常がありフォ−
カスがずれると、眼底に投影されたピンホ−ル像は2つ
に分離し、受光素子32a,32b上のピンホ−ル像も
2つに分離する(図3参照)。指標投影用光源27a,
27bを交互に点灯した場合、受光素子32a,32b
の各分割受光面A,Bにおける光量バランスは崩れてい
る。ピンホ−ル像が一致する位置では、受光面A,B上
の光量バランスは等しくなる。受光面A,Bの光量信号
は処理回路34で比較され、比較信号はマイクロコンピ
ュ−タ35に入力される。マイクロコンピュ−タ35
は、光量バランスが所定の範囲で一致したときに、LE
D駆動回路36a,36bを駆動し、観察系内のLED
33a,33bを点灯させることにより、最良フォ−カ
ス位置を撮影者に知らせる(図4参照)。左右の撮影光
軸が被検眼の角膜や水晶体に対して異なった偏心状態に
あるときは、最良フォ−カス位置は左右の撮影光学系で
異なる。したがって、撮影者は観察像とLED33a,
33bの状態を考慮して最も適切なフォ−カスが得られ
るようにフォ−カシングレンズ19a,19bを移動す
る。
Since the point A moves according to the refractive error of the eye to be inspected, the photographer rotates the knob to move the focusing lenses 19a and 19b to the position where the best focus can be obtained. The pinhole index 28, the fundus, and the film surface 22 (and the detection surfaces of the light receiving elements 32a and 32b) are arranged so as to be conjugate with each other, and the focusing lens 19 is also provided.
The index 28 moves along the optical axis in conjunction with the movement of a and 19b. The light flux of the index 28 of the pinhole illuminated by the index projection light sources 27a and 27b is projected onto the fundus of the eye to be inspected through the objective lens or the like.
When the residue is displaced, the pinhole image projected on the fundus is separated into two, and the pinhole images on the light receiving elements 32a and 32b are also separated into two (see FIG. 3). Index projection light source 27a,
When 27b is turned on alternately, the light receiving elements 32a, 32b
The light amount balance on each of the divided light receiving surfaces A and B is broken. At the positions where the pinhole images match, the light amount balances on the light receiving surfaces A and B become equal. The light amount signals of the light receiving surfaces A and B are compared by the processing circuit 34, and the comparison signal is input to the microcomputer 35. Microcomputer 35
Is LE when the light intensity balance matches within a predetermined range.
LEDs in the observation system that drive the D drive circuits 36a and 36b
By lighting 33a and 33b, the photographer is informed of the best focus position (see FIG. 4). When the left and right photographing optical axes are in different eccentric states with respect to the cornea and the crystalline lens of the eye to be inspected, the best focus positions are different between the left and right photographing optical systems. Therefore, the photographer sees the observation image and the LEDs 33a,
Focusing lenses 19a and 19b are moved so that the most appropriate focus can be obtained in consideration of the state of 33b.

【0022】アライメント及びフォーカス合わせが終了
後撮影ボタンを押すと、撮影系内のはね上げミラ−20
がはね上がり、それに同期してキセノンフラッシュラン
プ3が発光する。キセノンフラッシュランプ3の撮影光
により、眼底像がフィルム面に結像される。
When the photographing button is pressed after the alignment and focusing are completed, the flip-up mirror 20 in the photographing system is pressed.
Bounces up and the xenon flash lamp 3 emits light in synchronization with it. An image of the fundus of the eye is formed on the film surface by the photographing light of the xenon flash lamp 3.

【0023】以上のような動作は手動の部分を除き、装
置内部のマイクロコンピュ−タにより制御される。この
ようにして撮影された眼底像は一対のステレオ画像であ
る。なお、実施例1では左右の光学系についてそれぞれ
フォ−カス状態を検出し、その検出結果をLED33
a,33bによって別個独立して表示している。しか
し、受光素子32a,32bの両信号を処理して1つの
フォーカスポイントを決めて表示しても良い。フォーカ
スポイントの決定方法としては、フォ−カシングレンズ
19a,19bを移動したときの受光素子32a,32
bの信号に、平滑化処理を施してたりフォーカスポイン
トを決定したり、信号レベルの高い方のフォーカスポイ
ントを選択する等の方法を採用することができる。ま
た、上記実施例では光量バランスの一致したときのLE
Dの点灯に代えて移動量等を表示してもよく、ファイン
ダ観察に代えてTVモニタを利用するようにしてもよ
い。
The above operation is controlled by the microcomputer inside the apparatus except for the manual operation. The fundus images thus photographed are a pair of stereo images. In the first embodiment, the focus state of each of the left and right optical systems is detected, and the detection result is detected by the LED 33.
It is shown separately by a and 33b. However, one focus point may be determined and displayed by processing both signals of the light receiving elements 32a and 32b. As a method of determining the focus point, the light receiving elements 32a, 32 when the focusing lenses 19a, 19b are moved are used.
It is possible to employ methods such as smoothing the signal of b, determining the focus point, and selecting the focus point with the higher signal level. Further, in the above embodiment, the LE when the light amount balances match
Instead of illuminating D, the amount of movement or the like may be displayed, and instead of finder observation, a TV monitor may be used.

【0024】[0024]

【実施例2】実施例2はフォ−カシングを自動化した装
置である。光学系としては実施例1と同一のものが使用
できるので、その説明は省略する。図5はフォ−カシン
グ動作の制御を示すブロック図であり、図4とほぼ同一
のものには同一の符号を付している。処理回路34は受
光素子32a,32bの信号を処理し、フォ−カスずれ
を検出する。その検出信号はマイクロコンピュ−タ35
に入力され、マイクロコンピュ−タ35は、フォ−カス
ずれの検出信号により前記した1つのフォーカスポイン
トの決定方法を採用してフォーカスポイントを決定す
る。マイクロコンピュ−タ35は、決定されたフォーカ
スポイントにしたがいレンズ駆動回路37を介してパル
スモ−タ38を制御し、視標28及びフォ−カシングレ
ンズ19a,19bを移動する。フォ−カシング完了信
号を受けて撮影スイッチ39が撮影可能の状態となり撮
影者が駆動できる。なお、フォ−カシングの自動化にお
いても、実施例1で説明したような種々の変容を採用す
ることができる。また、実施例1でも採用し得るよう
に、指標投影系を互いに独立して投影距離を変えること
ができる2系統の指標投影系で構成し、フォ−カシング
レンズ19a及び19bのそれぞれの動作に各指標投影
系の動作を連動させる構成を採用することもできる。
Second Embodiment A second embodiment is an apparatus in which focusing is automated. Since the same optical system as that of the first embodiment can be used, the description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the control of the focusing operation, and substantially the same parts as those in FIG. 4 are designated by the same reference numerals. The processing circuit 34 processes the signals of the light receiving elements 32a and 32b and detects a focus shift. The detection signal is the microcomputer 35.
In response to the focus shift detection signal, the microcomputer 35 adopts the one focus point determination method described above to determine the focus point. The microcomputer 35 controls the pulse motor 38 via the lens drive circuit 37 according to the determined focus point to move the visual target 28 and the focusing lenses 19a and 19b. Upon receipt of the focusing completion signal, the photographing switch 39 is set in a photographing ready state and the photographer can drive. It should be noted that in the automation of focusing as well, various modifications as described in the first embodiment can be adopted. Also, as can be adopted in the first embodiment, the index projection system is configured by two index projection systems that can change the projection distance independently of each other, and each of the focusing lenses 19a and 19b has its own operation. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the operation of each index projection system is interlocked.

【0025】[0025]

【発明の効果】本発明の立体眼底カメラにおいては、左
右適切な眼底像を得るためのフォーカス合わせが精度良
くしかも容易に行うことができる。
According to the stereoscopic fundus camera of the present invention, the focusing for obtaining the right and left proper fundus images can be performed accurately and easily.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】実施例の装置の光学系を横から見たときの指標
投影系を除いた配置図である。
FIG. 1 is a layout view of an optical system of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention when the optical system is viewed from the side, excluding an index projection system.

【図2】実施例の装置の光学系を上から見たときの配置
図である。
FIG. 2 is a layout view of the optical system of the apparatus of the embodiment as seen from above.

【図3】受光素子上の指標像の様子を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state of an index image on a light receiving element.

【図4】実施例1の受光素子の信号の処理回路を示すブ
ロック図である。
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a signal processing circuit of the light receiving element of the first embodiment.

【図5】実施例2のフォ−カシング自動化における制御
方法を示すブロック図である。
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a control method in focusing automation according to a second embodiment.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

15 2孔絞り 16、17a,b 光束分離プリズム 19a,b フォ−カシングレンズ 28a,b 指標 30 ビ−ムスプリッタ 32a,b 受光素子 38 フォ−カシングレンズ駆動部 15 2-hole diaphragm 16, 17a, b Beam splitting prism 19a, b Focusing lens 28a, b Index 30 Beam splitter 32a, b Light receiving element 38 Focusing lens driver

Claims (9)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 被検眼眼底を照明する照明光学系と、被
検眼眼底の反射光束を2孔絞り及び光束分離部材により
左右の光束に分割し分割された左右の光束により眼底を
立体的に観察及び撮影する観察撮影光学系とを有し、該
観察撮影光学系のフォーカシングレンズの移動によって
被検眼眼底にフォーカスを合わせる立体眼底カメラにお
いて、前記照明光学系の光路中に配置した反射部材を介
してフォーカス合わせ用指標を眼底に投影する指標投影
光学系と、眼底に投影されたフォーカス合わせ用の指標
の光束を左右の前記観察及び撮影光学系の光路からそれ
ぞれ検出する検出光学系と、を設けたことを特徴とする
立体眼底カメラ。
1. An illumination optical system for illuminating a fundus of an eye to be inspected, a reflected light beam of the fundus of the eye to be inspected is divided into left and right light beams by a two-hole diaphragm and a light beam separating member, and the fundus is stereoscopically observed by the divided left and right light beams. And an observation and photographing optical system for photographing, in a stereoscopic fundus camera that focuses on the fundus of the eye to be inspected by moving a focusing lens of the observation and photographing optical system, via a reflecting member arranged in the optical path of the illumination optical system. An index projection optical system for projecting a focusing index onto the fundus and a detection optical system for detecting the light flux of the index for focusing projected onto the fundus from the optical paths of the left and right observation and photographing optical systems are provided. A stereoscopic fundus camera characterized by that.
【請求項2】 請求項1のフォーカス合わせ用の指標は
フォーカス状態により複数に分離する指標であり、前記
検出光学系により検出された指標の分離状態からフォー
カス状態を判定する手段を有することを特徴とする立体
眼底カメラ。
2. The index for focusing according to claim 1 is an index that is divided into a plurality of pieces according to a focus state, and has a means for determining the focus state from the separated state of the indexes detected by the detection optical system. 3D fundus camera.
【請求項3】 請求項1の検出光学系は観察及び撮影光
学系の左右の光路にそれぞれ配置された反射部材を介し
て指標光束を受光する受光素子を設けたことを特徴とす
る立体眼底カメラ。
3. A stereoscopic fundus camera characterized in that the detection optical system according to claim 1 is provided with a light receiving element for receiving an index light beam through reflecting members respectively arranged on the left and right optical paths of the observation and photographing optical system. .
【請求項4】 請求項1の観察撮影光学系のフォーカシ
ングレンズの移動に連動して、前記フォーカス合わせ用
指標、または前記投影光学系のレンズを光軸方向に移動
する移動手段を有することを特徴とする立体眼底カメ
ラ。
4. A moving means for moving the focusing index or the lens of the projection optical system in the optical axis direction in association with the movement of the focusing lens of the observation and photographing optical system according to claim 1. 3D fundus camera.
【請求項5】 請求項1の指標投影光学系は互いに独立
して投影距離を変えることができる投影距離変更手段を
備える2個の指標投影系からなるとともに、観察撮影光
学系のフォーカシングレンズも互いに独立して移動する
ことができるフォーカス変更手段を備える2このフォー
カシングレンズ系からなり、各投影距離変更手段は1つ
のフォーカス変更手段と連動する連動手段とを有し、前
記左右一対の検出光学系の各検出結果に基づいて対応可
能なように独立して動作できることを特徴とする立体眼
底カメラ。
5. The index projection optical system according to claim 1 is composed of two index projection systems provided with projection distance changing means capable of changing projection distances independently of each other, and the focusing lenses of the observation and photographing optical system are also mutually independent. This focusing lens system is provided with two focus changing means that can be independently moved. Each projection distance changing means has one focus changing means and interlocking means, and the projection distance changing means includes a pair of left and right detection optical systems. A stereoscopic fundus camera, which is capable of operating independently so as to correspond to each detection result.
【請求項6】 請求項1の立体眼底カメラにおいて、前
記左右一対の検出光学系の検出結果に基づいて前記観察
・撮影光学系中のフォーカシングレンズを駆動する駆動
手段とを設けたことを特徴とする立体眼底カメラ。
6. The stereoscopic fundus camera according to claim 1, further comprising drive means for driving a focusing lens in the observation / photographing optical system based on a detection result of the pair of left and right detection optical systems. 3D fundus camera.
【請求項7】 被検眼眼底を照明する照明光学系と、被
検眼眼底の反射光束を2孔絞り及び光束分離部材により
左右の光束に分割し分割された左右の光束により眼底を
立体的に観察及び撮影する観察撮影光学系とを有し、該
観察撮影光学系のフォーカシングレンズの移動によって
被検眼眼底にフォーカスを合わせる立体眼底カメラにお
いて、前記照明光学系の光路中に配置した反射部材を介
してフォーカス合わせ用指標を眼底に投影する指標投影
光学系と、眼底に投影されたフォーカス合わせ用の指標
の光束を左右の前記観察及び撮影光学系の光路からそれ
ぞれ検出するための左右一対の検出光学系と、該検出光
学系による検出結果に基づいてフォーカス状態を報知す
る報知手段と、を設けたことを特徴とする立体眼底カメ
ラ。
7. An illumination optical system for illuminating the fundus of the eye to be examined, and a reflected light flux of the fundus of the eye to be examined is divided into left and right light fluxes by a two-hole diaphragm and a light flux separating member, and the fundus is stereoscopically observed by the divided left and right light fluxes. And an observation and photographing optical system for photographing, in a stereoscopic fundus camera that focuses on the fundus of the eye to be inspected by moving a focusing lens of the observation and photographing optical system, via a reflecting member arranged in the optical path of the illumination optical system. An index projection optical system that projects a focusing index onto the fundus, and a pair of left and right detection optical systems that detect the light beams of the focusing index projected onto the fundus from the optical paths of the left and right observation and photographing optical systems, respectively. And a notifying unit for notifying a focus state based on a detection result by the detection optical system.
【請求項8】 請求項7の報知手段は、左右一対の検出
光学系の左右のそれぞれに報知手段を設けたことを特徴
とする立体眼底カメラ。
8. The stereoscopic fundus camera according to claim 7, wherein the notifying means is provided on each of the left and right of the pair of left and right detection optical systems.
【請求項9】 請求項7の立体眼底カメラにおいて、左
右一対の検出光学系による検出結果を処理して左右一対
の共通のフォーカス状態を報知する報知手段と、を設け
たことを特徴とする立体眼底カメラ。
9. The stereoscopic fundus camera according to claim 7, further comprising: an informing unit that processes a detection result of the pair of left and right detection optical systems to inform the pair of left and right common focus states. Fundus camera.
JP11405793A 1992-07-31 1993-04-15 Stereoscopic fundus camera Expired - Fee Related JP3672329B2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11405793A JP3672329B2 (en) 1993-04-15 1993-04-15 Stereoscopic fundus camera
US08/095,763 US5382988A (en) 1992-07-31 1993-07-23 Stereoscopic retinal camera with focus detection system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11405793A JP3672329B2 (en) 1993-04-15 1993-04-15 Stereoscopic fundus camera

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JPH06296588A true JPH06296588A (en) 1994-10-25
JP3672329B2 JP3672329B2 (en) 2005-07-20

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009165613A (en) * 2008-01-16 2009-07-30 Kowa Co Ophthalmic photography apparatus
WO2009093627A1 (en) * 2008-01-24 2009-07-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon Ophthalmic photographing device
JP2009268772A (en) * 2008-05-09 2009-11-19 Canon Inc Fundus camera
JP2010194345A (en) * 2010-06-14 2010-09-09 Topcon Corp Ophthalmologic photographing apparatus

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009165613A (en) * 2008-01-16 2009-07-30 Kowa Co Ophthalmic photography apparatus
WO2009093627A1 (en) * 2008-01-24 2009-07-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon Ophthalmic photographing device
JP2009172158A (en) * 2008-01-24 2009-08-06 Topcon Corp Ophthalmological photographing apparatus
JP2009268772A (en) * 2008-05-09 2009-11-19 Canon Inc Fundus camera
JP2010194345A (en) * 2010-06-14 2010-09-09 Topcon Corp Ophthalmologic photographing apparatus

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