JPH06222649A - Electrostatic charging device - Google Patents
Electrostatic charging deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06222649A JPH06222649A JP5041655A JP4165593A JPH06222649A JP H06222649 A JPH06222649 A JP H06222649A JP 5041655 A JP5041655 A JP 5041655A JP 4165593 A JP4165593 A JP 4165593A JP H06222649 A JPH06222649 A JP H06222649A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- charging device
- conductive
- roller
- charging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は電子写真方式の複写機、
プリンタ等の画像形成装置に用いられる帯電装置にかか
り、詳しくはこれらの装置に採用される感光体などの被
帯電体に静電気電荷を効率よく供給する帯電装置に関す
るものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrophotographic copying machine,
The present invention relates to a charging device used in an image forming apparatus such as a printer, and more particularly, to a charging device that efficiently supplies electrostatic charges to an object to be charged such as a photoconductor used in these devices.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】複写機もしくはプリンタに利用されてい
る電子写真法は光導電性を有する感光体と静電気帯電を
巧妙に組み合わせたものであり、光導電性感光体の表面
を暗所でコロナ放電により一様に帯電させた後、光情報
を照射することにより光像に応じて部分的に除電し、光
情報に応じた静電潜像を形成する。これに着色した静帯
電粉体（トナー）を用いて現像し静電潜像を可視像化さ
せる画像形成法の一種である。かかる電子写真法の基本
としては暗所において感光体を帯電する段階があるが、
従来はコロナ放電器により静電気を発生させていた。こ
の手段は帯電効率から見ると非常に低いもので、さらに
欠点として６０００ボルトから７０００ボルトもの高電
圧を必要とし、また放電によりオゾンガスが発生する。
オゾンガスは現在排出規制により厳しく制限されている
ため、その除去フィルターなどの付加装置により複写
機、プリンタの生産コストを上昇させるなどの不合理が
生じている。近年コロナ放電による帯電器に代わって接
触帯電装置の検討が行われるようになり、比較的プリン
ト速度の遅いプリンタなどに用いられるようになってい
る。しかし従来の接触帯電装置には種々の困難な課題を
かかえている。その１つに帯電電極から感光体に流れ込
む電流をいかに制御するかの技術が基本問題として残さ
れている。2. Description of the Related Art An electrophotographic method used in a copying machine or a printer is a combination of a photoconductive photoconductor and an electrostatic charge, and the surface of the photoconductive photoconductor is corona discharged in a dark place. After being uniformly charged by, the light information is irradiated to partially remove the charge according to the light image, and an electrostatic latent image according to the light information is formed. This is a kind of image forming method for developing an electrostatic latent image into a visible image by developing the electrostatic latent image with a colored electrostatically charged powder (toner). The basis of such electrophotography is the step of charging the photoconductor in a dark place.
Conventionally, static electricity was generated by a corona discharger. This means is very low in terms of charging efficiency, and further has a drawback that it requires a high voltage of 6000 V to 7000 V, and also discharges ozone gas.
Ozone gas is currently severely restricted by emission regulations, so that irrationalities such as an increase in the production cost of copying machines and printers due to additional devices such as a removal filter have occurred. In recent years, a contact charging device has been studied in place of a charging device using corona discharge, and has been used for a printer having a relatively slow printing speed. However, the conventional contact charging device has various difficult problems. As one of them, the technique of controlling the current flowing from the charging electrode to the photoconductor remains as a basic problem.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来行われている接触
帯電方法では感光体に接している帯電電極に直接電圧を
印加して静電気を与える方法が取られている。この方法
は従来のコロナ放電法に比較して帯電効率が良いため印
加電圧が低電圧で感光体上に所定の電位（約５００Ｖ〜
７００Ｖ）を得ることができる反面、帯電電極が感光体
に直接しているために、感光体内部にあるピンホールま
たは導電性異物、さらには表面に発生した傷などが原因
で起きるリークにより過剰な電流が感光体のベース電極
に流れ、帯電電極に印加された電圧が降下するという問
題があった。リーク電流による電圧降下は帯電電極の接
触領域全域に帯電不良が生じ、プリンタなどではこの部
分が黒色となり著しく画像品質を低下させる結果とな
る。このようなリーク電流の発生を防止するためには帯
電電極に電流制限機能をもたせる必要がある。その方法
として帯電電極の電気抵抗値をコントロールして、半導
体領域の抵抗値を用いることで、電流制限を行ってき
た。しかし電極の抵抗値を上昇させることは感光体への
帯電効率を阻害する事にもなる。また電極材料の抵抗を
半導体領域に入るように製造管理することは非常な困難
が伴うことであり、また特定の材料を使用することによ
るコストアップの要因ともなる恐れがある。本発明はこ
れらの要因を検討した結果特殊材料を用いることなく、
かつ感光体に過剰なリーク電流の発生を皆無にすると同
時に感光体表面を所望の電位に帯電させる事を目的とし
た。In the conventional contact charging method, a method of applying a voltage directly to the charging electrode in contact with the photosensitive member to give static electricity is adopted. Since this method has a higher charging efficiency than the conventional corona discharge method, the applied voltage is low and a predetermined potential (about 500 V to
700V), on the other hand, since the charging electrode is directly on the photoconductor, it is excessive due to leaks caused by pinholes or conductive foreign substances inside the photoconductor, and scratches generated on the surface. There is a problem that an electric current flows into the base electrode of the photoconductor and the voltage applied to the charging electrode drops. The voltage drop due to the leakage current results in poor charging in the entire contact area of the charging electrode, and in a printer or the like, this portion becomes black, resulting in a marked deterioration in image quality. In order to prevent the occurrence of such leak current, it is necessary for the charging electrode to have a current limiting function. As the method, the electric resistance value of the charging electrode is controlled and the resistance value of the semiconductor region is used to limit the current. However, increasing the resistance value of the electrodes also hinders the charging efficiency of the photoconductor. In addition, it is very difficult to control the production of the resistance of the electrode material so that the resistance falls within the semiconductor region, and there is a risk of cost increase due to the use of a specific material. The present invention, as a result of examining these factors, without using a special material,
In addition, the purpose of the present invention is to prevent the generation of excessive leak current in the photoconductor and to charge the photoconductor surface to a desired potential at the same time.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に静電転写方法を利用して感光体を帯電させることを試
み、この方法が有効であることを実証した。静電転写方
法とは帯電した誘電体面に他の誘電体面を接触させて引
き離すとその被帯電誘電体面上に電荷が転送される現象
を利用したものである。本発明の帯電装置は絶縁薄層を
有する導電ローラを帯電ローラとしその面に接する導電
電極を備える。導電電極に直流電圧および交流電圧を印
加することにより帯電ローラが帯電し、その帯電ローラ
は感光体または誘電体と接して回転し、帯電ローラ上の
絶縁薄層に発生した静電電荷は感光体または誘電体に転
送される。In order to achieve the above object, an electrostatic transfer method was used to charge a photoreceptor, and it was proved that this method is effective. The electrostatic transfer method utilizes a phenomenon in which charges are transferred onto a charged dielectric surface when another dielectric surface is brought into contact with and separated from the charged dielectric surface. The charging device of the present invention includes a conductive roller having an insulating thin layer as a charging roller and a conductive electrode in contact with the surface of the charging roller. The charging roller is charged by applying a DC voltage and an AC voltage to the conductive electrode, and the charging roller rotates in contact with the photoconductor or the dielectric, and the electrostatic charge generated in the insulating thin layer on the charge roller is the photoconductor. Or transferred to the dielectric.
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】本装置においては帯電電極は直接感光体に接触
していないので帯電電極の抵抗変動または感光体に存在
するピンホールなどの欠陥によって生じるリークからく
る電圧降下が皆無であることが特長である。ゆえに本装
置に使用される帯電電極は帯電ローラを効率よく帯電で
きる材質および構造を選択すればよい。また感光体につ
いても接触帯電のために特別な仕様を要求する事も必要
ない。このように複写機またはプリンタを製造するに際
して、帯電装置の部品の歩留りが向上し、かつ生産管理
が容易となる。以下に本発明を図に基いて具体的に説明
する。In this device, since the charging electrode is not in direct contact with the photosensitive member, there is no voltage drop due to leakage caused by resistance fluctuation of the charging electrode or defects such as pinholes existing in the photosensitive member. is there. Therefore, for the charging electrode used in this apparatus, a material and structure that can efficiently charge the charging roller may be selected. In addition, it is not necessary to require special specifications for the photoconductor due to contact charging. As described above, when manufacturing a copying machine or a printer, the yield of parts of the charging device is improved and the production control is facilitated. The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
【０００６】[0006]
【実施例１】図１の３の導電ローラにＤＣ−１２００Ｖ
を印加しながら周速１００ｍｍ／ｓｅｃで図１の２の帯
電ローラを回転させた。帯電ローラ表面の電位は約−１
１００Ｖであった。この帯電ローラに接して同速で回転
する積層型有機感光体上の表面電位を計測した結果約−
６００Ｖがえられた。帯電ローラの構造を図２に示し
た。帯電ローラは芯金を中心として１０３Ωの抵抗をも
つ硬度４０度の導電ゴムをロール状に形づくり、その表
面に厚さ５０μのフッ素樹脂皮膜を被覆したものであ
り、外径１５ｍｍとした。また導電ローラの構造を図３
に示した。導電ローラは導電性カーボンを混入したウレ
タンゴムを使用し、その硬度は４０度であり、電気抵抗
値は１０３Ω（１２００Ｖ印加時）であり、直径１２ｍ
ｍであった。Example 1 DC-1200V was applied to the conductive roller 3 in FIG.
1 was rotated at a peripheral speed of 100 mm / sec. The potential of the charging roller surface is about -1
It was 100V. As a result of measuring the surface potential on the laminated organic photoconductor that rotates at the same speed in contact with this charging roller, approximately −
600V was obtained. The structure of the charging roller is shown in FIG. The charging roller is formed by forming a conductive rubber having a resistance of 10 3 Ω and a hardness of 40 degrees into a roll shape around a core metal, and coating the surface thereof with a fluororesin film having a thickness of 50 μm and having an outer diameter of 15 mm. In addition, the structure of the conductive roller is shown in FIG.
It was shown to. The conductive roller is made of urethane rubber mixed with conductive carbon, has a hardness of 40 degrees, an electric resistance value of 10 3 Ω (when 1200 V is applied), and a diameter of 12 m.
It was m.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例２】図１の３の導電ローラに代えて図４の導電
ブラシを帯電ローラに接触するように装着した。帯電ロ
ーラは実施例１と同様のものを使用した。この導電ブラ
シにＤＣ−１２００ＶとＡＣ６００Ｖ５０Ｈｚを重畳さ
せて周速１００ｍｍ／ｓｅｃで帯電ローラを回転させ
た。帯電ローラ表面の電位は約−１２００Ｖであった。
この帯電ローラに接して同速で回転する感光体上の表面
電位を計測した結果約−７００Ｖが得られた。導電ブラ
シの構造を図４に示した。導電ブラシはカーボン混入ナ
イロン繊維で作られており、繊維の太さは１０デニー
ル、長さは５ｍｍであった。その電気抵抗値は１０３Ω
（１２００Ｖ印加時）であった。[Embodiment 2] Instead of the conductive roller 3 of FIG. 1, the conductive brush of FIG. 4 was mounted in contact with the charging roller. The same charging roller as in Example 1 was used. DC-1200V and AC600V 50Hz were superimposed on this conductive brush, and the charging roller was rotated at a peripheral speed of 100 mm / sec. The potential on the surface of the charging roller was about -1200V.
As a result of measuring the surface potential on the photosensitive member which was in contact with the charging roller and rotated at the same speed, about -700 V was obtained. The structure of the conductive brush is shown in FIG. The conductive brush was made of carbon mixed nylon fiber, and the fiber had a thickness of 10 denier and a length of 5 mm. Its electrical resistance is 10 3 Ω
(At the time of applying 1200 V).
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例３】図１の３の導電ローラにＤＣ＋１２００Ｖ
を印加しながら周速１００ｍｍ／ｓｅｃで図１の２の帯
電ローラを１の感光体と同時に回転させた。帯電ローラ
表面の電位は約＋１１００Ｖであった。この帯電ローラ
に接して同速で回転するα型フタロシアニン顔料分散型
単層感光体上の表面電位を計測した結果約＋６００Ｖが
えられた。帯電ローラは実施例１と同様のものを使用し
た。この実施例から感光体の帯電極性が異なる場合で
も、感光体への帯電効率は変わることなく使用すること
が可能である。本発明による帯電装置は正もしくは負の
いづれの極性にも用いることができる。[Embodiment 3] DC + 1200V on the conductive roller 3 in FIG.
1 was rotated simultaneously with the photosensitive member 1 at a peripheral speed of 100 mm / sec. The potential on the surface of the charging roller was about + 1100V. As a result of measuring the surface potential on the α-type phthalocyanine pigment-dispersed single-layer photosensitive member which is in contact with the charging roller and rotates at the same speed, about +600 V was obtained. The same charging roller as in Example 1 was used. Even if the charging polarity of the photoconductor is different from that of this embodiment, the charging efficiency to the photoconductor can be used without change. The charging device according to the invention can be used with either positive or negative polarity.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例４】実施例３と同様な方法によってα型フタロ
シアニン顔料分散型単層感光体を＋６００Ｖに帯電し
た。続いて４の光学ユニットより光学像を１の感光体上
に投影することにより静電潜像を作成した。続けてこの
静電潜像を５の現像装置により現像し可視像を作成し
た。６の帯電ローラを１０の転写材をはさんで１の感光
体に当接させ、６の帯電ローラに接した７の導電ローラ
にＤＣ−１５００Ｖを印加した。この時１の感光体およ
び６の帯電ローラおよび７の導電ローラは同速で図１の
矢印の方向に回転させた。６の帯電ローラ表面の電位は
約−１４００Ｖとなりこの静電引力により１の感光体上
に作成された可視像は１０の転写材に転写され、９の定
着装置に搬送することにより可視像は１０の転写材に固
着され画像を形成することができた。Example 4 An α-phthalocyanine pigment-dispersed single-layer photosensitive member was charged to +600 V in the same manner as in Example 3. Subsequently, an electrostatic latent image was created by projecting an optical image from the optical unit 4 onto the photosensitive member 1. Subsequently, this electrostatic latent image was developed by the developing device 5 to form a visible image. The charging roller 6 was brought into contact with the photosensitive member 1 by sandwiching the transfer material 10 and DC-1500V was applied to the conductive roller 7 which was in contact with the charging roller 6. At this time, the photosensitive member 1 and the charging roller 6 and the conductive roller 7 were rotated at the same speed in the direction of the arrow in FIG. The surface potential of the charging roller 6 is about -1400 V, and the visible image formed on the photosensitive member 1 is transferred to the transfer material 10 by this electrostatic attraction, and conveyed to the fixing device 9 to form the visible image. Could be fixed on 10 transfer materials to form an image.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の効果】以上のように、この発明による帯電装置
は電子写真法による感光体の帯電に使用した場合、コロ
ナ放電による帯電方法と比較して、電源電圧を約１０分
の１以下の低電圧で使用することが可能となり、また放
電の際のオゾンガスの発生率を約１０００分の１に低減
する働きがある。この効果は接触帯電法の特徴である
が、従来の接触帯電装置に比べて導電電極の抵抗値の使
用可能範囲が広く、かつ１０３Ω〜１０６Ωの低い抵抗
領域の材料が使用可能であるため、部品製造の際の抵抗
値のバラツキの許容範囲が広くなり、部品不良の発生率
が低減し、合わせてコスト削減を達成できる。As described above, when the charging device according to the present invention is used for charging a photoconductor by an electrophotographic method, the power supply voltage is lower by about 1/10 or less as compared with the charging method by corona discharge. It can be used at a voltage, and has a function of reducing the generation rate of ozone gas at the time of discharge to about 1/1000. This effect is a feature of the contact charging method, but the usable range of the resistance value of the conductive electrode is wider than that of the conventional contact charging device, and a material in the low resistance region of 10 3 Ω to 10 6 Ω can be used. Therefore, the allowable range of the variation in the resistance value at the time of manufacturing the component is widened, the occurrence rate of the component defect is reduced, and the cost reduction can be achieved at the same time.
【図１】本発明にもとづいた帯電装置を用いた複写機も
しくはプリンタの概略図FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a copying machine or printer using a charging device according to the present invention.
【図２】帯電ローラの断面図FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the charging roller.
【図３】導電ローラの断面図FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a conductive roller.
【図４】導電ブラシの断面図FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a conductive brush.
１ 被帯電体（感光体） ２ 帯電ローラ ３ 導電ローラ ４ 光学ユニット ５ 現像装置 ６ 帯電ローラ ７ 導電ローラ ８ 電源 ９ 定着装置 １０転写材 １１高電気絶縁皮膜 １２導電ゴム １３芯金 １４導電ゴム １５芯金 １６導電ブラシ 1 Charged Member (Photosensitive Member) 2 Charging Roller 3 Conductive Roller 4 Optical Unit 5 Developing Device 6 Charging Roller 7 Conductive Roller 8 Power Supply 9 Fixing Device 10 Transfer Material 11 High Electrical Insulation Film 12 Conductive Rubber 13 Core Bar 14 Conductive Rubber 15 Cores Gold 16 conductive brush
Claims (6)
気絶縁性薄層を表面に有する回転可能なロール状導電性
基体に電極部材および被帯電体を接触させた構造を有
し、外部より電極部材に電圧を印加することにより、電
荷を電気絶縁性薄層に蓄積させ、さらに電気絶縁性薄膜
に当接した被帯電体に電荷を転送させることを特徴とし
た帯電装置。1. A structure in which an electrode member and a body to be charged are brought into contact with a rotatable roll-shaped conductive substrate having a highly electrically insulating thin layer having an electric resistance value of 10 14 Ω or more on its surface, A charging device characterized in that by applying a voltage to an electrode member, an electric charge is accumulated in an electrically insulating thin layer, and further, the electric charge is transferred to a member to be charged which is in contact with the electrically insulating thin film.
と交流電圧を重畳させることを特徴とする特許請求の範
囲第１項に記載の帯電装置。2. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein a DC voltage and an AC voltage are superimposed on the voltage applied to the electrode member.
０６Ωを有するゴムもしくは導電性ブラシよりなるロー
ラ体である特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の帯電装置。3. The electrode member has an electric resistance value of 10 3 Ω to 1
The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the charging device is a roller body made of a rubber or a conductive brush having 0 6 Ω.
０６Ωを有する導電性ブラシよりなる棒状固定電極であ
る特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の帯電装置。4. The electrode member has an electric resistance value of 10 3 Ω to 1
The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the charging device is a rod-shaped fixed electrode made of a conductive brush having 0 6 Ω.
料分散型単層感光体であることを特徴とする特許請求の
範囲第１項に記載の帯電装置。5. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the member to be charged is an α-type copper phthalocyanine pigment-dispersed single-layer photosensitive member.
する工程の際に転写材裏面に帯電させることにより像を
転写させるための被帯電体が転写材であることを特徴と
する特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の帯電装置。6. A transfer material is a member to be charged for transferring an image by charging the back surface of the transfer material in the step of transferring the image to the transfer material in the image forming apparatus. The charging device according to the first aspect.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5041655A JPH06222649A (en) | 1993-01-22 | 1993-01-22 | Electrostatic charging device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5041655A JPH06222649A (en) | 1993-01-22 | 1993-01-22 | Electrostatic charging device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06222649A true JPH06222649A (en) | 1994-08-12 |
Family
ID=12614388
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5041655A Pending JPH06222649A (en) | 1993-01-22 | 1993-01-22 | Electrostatic charging device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06222649A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0795796A1 (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1997-09-17 | COMPUPRINT S.p.A. | An electrophotographic printing device with a charging roller |
| US5974277A (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-10-26 | Oki Data Corporation | Electrophotographic printing apparatus with two charging bodies |
| US7298993B2 (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2007-11-20 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Imaging methods, image engines, and photoconductor charging systems |
| US9037045B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2015-05-19 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Charge rollers and apparatus including charge rollers |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04243352A (en) * | 1991-01-17 | 1992-08-31 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Telephone transfer device |
| JPH0530227A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1993-02-05 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Home use telephone exchange system |
-
1993
- 1993-01-22 JP JP5041655A patent/JPH06222649A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04243352A (en) * | 1991-01-17 | 1992-08-31 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Telephone transfer device |
| JPH0530227A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1993-02-05 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Home use telephone exchange system |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0795796A1 (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1997-09-17 | COMPUPRINT S.p.A. | An electrophotographic printing device with a charging roller |
| US5768653A (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1998-06-16 | Compuprint S.P.A. | Electrophotographic printing device with a charging roller |
| US5974277A (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-10-26 | Oki Data Corporation | Electrophotographic printing apparatus with two charging bodies |
| US7298993B2 (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2007-11-20 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Imaging methods, image engines, and photoconductor charging systems |
| US9037045B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2015-05-19 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Charge rollers and apparatus including charge rollers |
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