JPH062206U

JPH062206U - Insulator salt damage sensor

Info

Publication number: JPH062206U
Application number: JP4080392U
Authority: JP
Inventors: 康弘宮田; 光広佐藤
Original assignee: Hitachi Cable Ltd
Current assignee: Hitachi Cable Ltd
Priority date: 1992-06-15
Filing date: 1992-06-15
Publication date: 1994-01-14

Abstract

(57)【要約】【目的】光導波路の表面に付着した汚損物質を除去す
る作業の効率向上。【構成】碍子の表面に露出させて装着した光導波路の
光損失量から碍子表面に付着した塩分量を求める碍子塩
害センサにおいて、上記光導波路１の表面にこれと同一
屈折率の薄膜２を装着しておく。表面に付着した汚損物
質を除去する際には光導波路１から薄膜２を剥ぎ取る。 (57) [Summary] [Purpose] To improve the efficiency of the work of removing the contaminants adhering to the surface of the optical waveguide. [Structure] In an insulator salt damage sensor for determining the amount of salt adhering to the surface of an insulator from the optical loss amount of the optical waveguide exposed and mounted on the surface of the insulator, a thin film 2 having the same refractive index as that of the same is attached to the surface of the optical waveguide 1. I'll do it. The thin film 2 is stripped from the optical waveguide 1 when removing the fouling substance adhering to the surface.

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the device]

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】[Industrial applications]

本考案は、碍子表面に付着した塩分などの汚損物質の量を光導波路を用いて検出する碍子塩害センサに関するものである。 The present invention relates to an insulator salt damage sensor that detects the amount of fouling substances such as salt adhering to the insulator surface using an optical waveguide.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】[Prior art]

高圧電線と支柱鉄塔との間の電気的絶縁部材として碍子が広く用いられている。しかし、碍子のおかれる環境は過酷なものであり、例えば工業地域や臨海地域などにあっては碍子表面に塩分（ＮａＣｌ）、その他の無機物質を主体とする塵埃が付着して汚損されやすく、それらが碍子の絶縁耐圧を低下させて閃絡事故等を引き起こす場合がある。 Insulators are widely used as an electrical insulating member between a high-voltage electric wire and a support tower. However, the environment in which insulators are placed is harsh, and, for example, in industrial areas and coastal areas, dust mainly composed of salt (NaCl) and other inorganic substances adheres to the insulator surface and is easily damaged. However, they may lower the dielectric strength of the insulator and cause a flashover accident.

【０００３】こうした事態を未然に防止するため、碍子表面に付着する汚損物質を定期的に定量分析し、碍子汚損量を求めることが従来から行われている。In order to prevent such a situation, it has been conventionally practiced to periodically quantitatively analyze the fouling substances adhering to the surface of the insulator to obtain the fouling amount of the insulator.

【０００４】ところで、碍子に付着する汚損物質としては、塩分の他、十種類程度の無機物質があるといわれているが、、その中でも特に塩分は碍子の絶縁耐圧を大きく劣化させる要因となっている。そこで、碍子汚損量を表示するにあたり、汚損物質を全て塩分から成ると仮定した場合の単位面積当りの塩分量（等価塩分付着量）を用いることが便宜上なされている。By the way, it is said that there are about 10 kinds of inorganic substances in addition to salt as the fouling substances that adhere to the insulator. Among them, especially the salt is a factor that greatly deteriorates the dielectric strength of the insulator. ing. Therefore, when displaying the amount of fouling of insulators, it is convenient to use the amount of salt per unit area (equivalent amount of adhering salt) on the assumption that the fouling substance is composed entirely of salt.

【０００５】従来行われている具体的手法を列記すれば以下の通りである。The following is a list of specific conventional methods.

【０００６】（１）筆洗い法・・・実運用中の碍子と素材、形状などが同一のパイロット碍子を汚損量を測定したい場所に設置しておき、所定期間経過後これを取り外し、汚損物質を筆で洗浄してその洗浄液の電気伝導度を測定することにより透過塩分付着量を求める。(1) Brush cleaning method: A pilot insulator with the same material and shape as the insulator in actual operation is installed at the place where you want to measure the amount of contamination, and after a predetermined period of time, remove it and remove it. The permeation salt content is determined by washing the substance with a brush and measuring the electrical conductivity of the washing liquid.

【０００７】（２）露点式汚損量測定法・・・パイロット碍子に電子冷却素子を組み入れ、これを露点温度以下に冷却させて空気中の水分を集め、碍子に付着している汚損物質を強制的に十分湿潤させた状態にして洩れ抵抗を測定する。次いで、別に求めておいた洩れ抵抗と等価塩分付着量との関係から換算して当該汚損物質の等価塩分付着量を求める。(2) Dew-point type pollution amount measuring method: An electronic cooling element is incorporated in a pilot insulator, and this is cooled to a temperature below the dew-point temperature to collect moisture in the air, and the contaminants adhering to the insulator Leak resistance is measured by forcing the sample to be sufficiently wet. Then, the equivalent salt deposit amount of the pollutant is calculated by converting from the relationship between the leak resistance and the equivalent salt deposit amount that have been separately obtained.

【０００８】（３）超音波洗浄式汚損量測定法・・・パイロット碍子を蒸留水の入った洗浄槽内に入れ、碍子を回転させながら超音波洗浄により汚損物質を洗い落とし、汚損物質の溶け込んだ洗浄液の電気伝導度を測定して等価塩分量を求める。(3) Ultrasonic cleaning-type fouling amount measuring method: The pilot insulator was put in a cleaning tank containing distilled water, and the fouling substance was washed off by ultrasonic cleaning while rotating the insulator, and the fouling substance was dissolved. The electrical conductivity of the cleaning liquid is measured to determine the equivalent salt content.

【０００９】（４）球形模擬碍子法・・・常時、穏やかに自転する球形の模擬碍子を設置しておき、これに付着した汚損物質をワイパ−ブラシで拭い取る。ワイパ−ブラシに付着した汚損物質を循環する洗浄液で洗い落し、この洗浄液の電気伝導度を測定して、換算された等価塩分付着量を求める。(4) Spherical simulated insulator method: A spherical simulated insulator that rotates gently gently is always installed, and the contaminants attached to it are wiped off with a wiper brush. The pollutant adhering to the wiper brush is washed off with a circulating cleaning solution, and the electrical conductivity of this cleaning solution is measured to obtain the converted equivalent salt content.

【００１０】[0010]

【考案が解決しようとする課題】[Problems to be solved by the device]

上記した従来の方法において、（１）〜（３）の方法はいずれもいずれも運転中の碍子を別に用意し、運転中の碍子と同一条件に設置する必要がある。そのため測定箇所が高所、多地点に至る場合には測定に多大の労力と時間を要し、極めて不経済であった。また、（４）の方法では、球形模擬碍子と実際の碍子との間にどうしても汚損物質の付着性の相違が生じるので、これを修正する必要があり汚損量の決定に手間がかかる。 In the above-mentioned conventional methods, in any of the methods (1) to (3), it is necessary to separately prepare an operating insulator and install it under the same conditions as the operating insulator. Therefore, it takes a lot of labor and time to perform the measurement when the measurement points reach high places and many points, which is extremely uneconomical. Further, in the method of (4), since the adhesion property of the fouling substance is inevitably different between the spherical simulated insulator and the actual insulator, it is necessary to correct this and it is troublesome to determine the contamination amount.

【００１１】また、各手法を精度の面で考察すると、（１）の方法では測定に熟練を要し、手間がかかる。（２）の方法では洩れ抵抗を等価塩分付着量に換算するための校正表が必要となるが、これを各測定場所毎に作成しておく必要がある。（３）の方法では測定の都度碍子が更新されるため、暴露期間の異なる実運用中の碍子の汚損量推定が問題となるが、これを精度良く成し得る手法が確立されていない。（４）の方法では降雨による雨洗い効果が換算値に誤差をもたらしやすい。Further, considering each method in terms of accuracy, the method (1) requires skill in measurement and is troublesome. The method (2) requires a calibration table for converting the leakage resistance into the equivalent salt content, but it is necessary to create this for each measurement location. In the method of (3), since the insulator is updated each time it is measured, estimation of the amount of contamination of the insulator during actual operation with different exposure periods becomes a problem, but a method that can do this accurately has not been established. In the method of (4), the rain washing effect due to rainfall easily causes an error in the converted value.

【００１２】かかる状況の下、実運用中の碍子に付着する汚損物質の量を定期的にではなくリアルタイムで測定したり、或いは碍子表面の汚損物質の分布を測定するといった、より高度な測定方法の開発が望まれていた。Under such a situation, more advanced measurement such as measuring the amount of the fouling substance adhering to the insulator during actual operation in real time rather than periodically or measuring the distribution of the fouling substance on the surface of the insulator Development of a method was desired.

【００１３】そこで最近、表面に塩分が付着すると光損失が生ずる光導波路を碍子表面に露出させて装着し、その光導波路の一端から入射して他端から出射する透過光を受光し、その透過光強度の変化から碍子に付着する塩分量を求める光学式測定方法が提案された。この方法は上記要請にかなった優れた方法であり、通常の測定においては特に問題はない。しかし、以下の点で支障を来すことになる。Therefore, recently, an optical waveguide that causes optical loss when salt is attached to the surface is exposed and mounted on the insulator surface, and receives transmitted light that enters from one end of the optical waveguide and exits from the other end, An optical measurement method was proposed in which the amount of salt adhering to the insulator was determined from the change in transmitted light intensity. This method is an excellent method that meets the above requirements, and there is no particular problem in ordinary measurement. However, there are problems in the following points.

【００１４】すなわち、碍子汚損量があらかじめ設定した基準値を越えた場合には、碍子を洗浄する必要がある。この場合の洗浄方法としては、地上からポンプ車などを用いて鉄塔上に設置された碍子へ向けて噴水して洗浄を行うことが最も容易な方法であるが、光導波路の機械的な強度が乏しいためこれが洗浄の際の水圧によって破損される危険性がある。また、碍子が全く汚損されていない状態（碍子汚損量が零）のときの光導波路の光損失量を最小とするようにセンサを調節（ゼロ調節）する場合には、光導波路表面に付着した汚損物質を除去する必要があり、この場合の汚損物質の洗浄、除去作業はその都度にセンサ本体を鉄塔下へ降ろして入念に行わなければならず手間が多大である。That is, when the insulator contamination amount exceeds a preset reference value, it is necessary to clean the insulator. In this case, the easiest cleaning method is to spray water from the ground to the insulator installed on the tower using a pump car, etc., but the mechanical strength of the optical waveguide is Poor, there is a risk that it will be damaged by the water pressure during cleaning. If the sensor is adjusted (zero adjustment) to minimize the optical loss amount of the optical waveguide when the insulator is not completely polluted (insulator contamination amount is zero), it adheres to the optical waveguide surface. It is necessary to remove the fouling substance, and in this case, the cleaning and removal work of the fouling substance must be carefully carried out by lowering the sensor body under the steel tower each time, which is very troublesome.

【００１５】本考案の目的は、前記した従来技術の欠点を解消し、光導波路表面に付着した汚損物質を容易に除去することができる碍子塩害センサを提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to provide an insulator salt damage sensor capable of easily removing a pollutant attached to the surface of an optical waveguide.

【００１６】[0016]

【課題を解決するための手段】[Means for Solving the Problems]

上記目的を達成するため本考案は、碍子の表面に露出させて装着した光導波路の光損失量から碍子表面に付着した塩分量を求める碍子塩害センサにおいて、上記光導波路表面にこれと同一屈折率の薄膜を装着したものである。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an insulator salt damage sensor that obtains the amount of salt adhering to the insulator surface from the optical loss amount of the optical waveguide exposed and mounted on the insulator surface. It is equipped with a thin film of rate.

【００１７】[0017]

【作用】[Action]

上記光導波路に一端から光を入射させると、光は薄膜と空気との界面で反射を繰り返しつつ伝搬して他端から出射されるが薄膜の表面に塩分が付着しているとそこから光が洩れて光損失が生じる。その光損失量を検出すれば塩分付着量をリアルタイムで測定することができる。付着した汚損物質を除去する際には光導波路から薄膜を剥ぎ取ればよい。 When light enters the above optical waveguide from one end, the light propagates while repeatedly reflecting at the interface between the thin film and air, and is emitted from the other end.However, if salt is attached to the surface of the thin film, the light will be emitted from it. Leakage causes light loss. If the amount of light loss is detected, the amount of salt attached can be measured in real time. The thin film may be stripped from the optical waveguide to remove the attached pollutant.

【００１８】[0018]

【実施例】【Example】

以下、本考案の実施例を添付図面に従って説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

【００１９】図１に本考案に係る碍子塩害センサの光導波路構造を示す。この光導波路は碍子表面に装着されて碍子塩害センサの塩分感知部を構成する。本考案の特徴は、本来の光導波路１の表面にこれと同一屈折率の薄膜２を装着して光導波路を構成した点にある。この光導波路の屈折率は、その表面に塩分が付着すると光損失を生ずるように予め選定される（光導波路の屈折率をｎ₁、塩分の屈折率をｎ₂とするとｎ₁＜ｎ₂）。FIG. 1 shows an optical waveguide structure of an insulator salt damage sensor according to the present invention. This optical waveguide is mounted on the surface of the insulator to form a salt sensing portion of the insulator salt damage sensor. The feature of the present invention resides in that an optical waveguide is constructed by mounting a thin film 2 having the same refractive index as the original surface of the optical waveguide 1. The refractive index of this optical waveguide is preselected so that light loss occurs when salt is attached to its surface (n ₁ <n ₂ where n _{1 is} the refractive index of the optical waveguide and n ₂ is the salt refractive index). .

【００２０】図２に本考案に係る碍子塩害センサのブロック図を示す。光源３から出射した光は光ファイバ６を通って図１の光導波路からなる塩分感知部４に導入される。塩分感知部４では光導波路表面の塩分付着箇所から光が洩れて光損失が生じ、残りの光が光ファイバ６を介して受光部５に入射する。受光部５の受光信号は演算部７で信号処理され、あらかじめ求めておいた光損失量と塩分付着量との関係式によって当該碍子表面の塩分付着量が算出される。この碍子塩害センサによれば、塩分感知部４における光損失量を検出することにより、碍子表面の塩分量をリアルタイムで測定でき、さらには碍子表面の汚損物質の分布状態を検出することもできる。FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an insulator salt damage sensor according to the present invention. The light emitted from the light source 3 passes through the optical fiber 6 and is introduced into the salt content sensing unit 4 including the optical waveguide shown in FIG. In the salt sensing unit 4, light is leaked from the salt adhering portion on the surface of the optical waveguide to cause optical loss, and the remaining light is incident on the light receiving unit 5 via the optical fiber 6. The light-receiving signal of the light-receiving unit 5 is signal-processed by the calculation unit 7, and the salt deposition amount on the surface of the insulator is calculated by the relational expression between the light loss amount and the salt deposition amount obtained in advance. According to this insulator damage sensor, the amount of light loss in the salt sensing unit 4 can be detected to measure the amount of salt on the insulator surface in real time, and the distribution state of the pollutant on the insulator surface can also be detected. it can.

【００２１】さて、塩分感知部４の光導波路表面に付着した汚損物質の除去は、光導波路１の表面から薄膜２を剥ぎ取ることにより容易に行うことができる。すなわち、この碍子塩害センサにおいては、洗浄しなくとも薄膜２を剥ぎ取ることによって塩分感知部４の状態を汚損以前の状態に戻すことができる。したがって、薄膜２を二重三重に装着しておけば、汚損物質の除去効果も２倍３倍となる。By the way, the contaminants attached to the surface of the optical waveguide of the salt sensing portion 4 can be easily removed by peeling the thin film 2 from the surface of the optical waveguide 1. That is, in this insulator salt damage sensor, the state of the salt sensing portion 4 can be returned to the state before the stain by peeling off the thin film 2 without cleaning. Therefore, if the thin film 2 is attached in double and triple layers, the effect of removing the fouling substances is doubled and tripled.

【００２２】なお、光導波路１と薄膜２との間にはこれらと同一屈折率のシリコ−ン樹脂を介在させておくことが望ましい。光導波路１に対する薄膜２の装着性を向上させると共に、薄膜２を剥ぎ取る際にはこれがスム−ズに剥がれるようにするためである。It is desirable that a silicone resin having the same refractive index as that of the optical waveguide 1 and the thin film 2 be interposed between the optical waveguide 1 and the thin film 2. This is for improving the mountability of the thin film 2 to the optical waveguide 1 and for allowing the thin film 2 to be smoothly peeled off when the thin film 2 is peeled off.

【００２３】また、薄膜２の材質は合成樹脂からなることが望ましい。その合成樹脂として、例えば光導波路１が石英ガラスからなる場合にはポリメチルメタクレ−トなどのプラスチック材、あるいはこれに置換合成した材料を用いることができる。The material of the thin film 2 is preferably made of synthetic resin. As the synthetic resin, for example, when the optical waveguide 1 is made of quartz glass, a plastic material such as polymethylmethacrylate, or a material synthesized by substitution of the plastic material can be used.

【００２４】[0024]

【考案の効果】[Effect of device]

以上要するに本発明の碍子塩害センサによれば、光導波路表面にこれと同一屈折率の薄膜を装着したので、表面に付着した汚損物質を薄膜を剥ぎ取ることにより容易に除去することができ作業性が極めて良い。 In short, according to the insulator salt damage sensor of the present invention, since the thin film having the same refractive index as that of the optical waveguide surface is attached to the optical waveguide surface, the contaminants adhering to the surface can be easily removed by peeling off the thin film. The workability is extremely good.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】この考案の一実施例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】この考案の一実施例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１光導波路２薄膜３光源４塩分感知部５受光部６光ファイバ７演算部 1 optical waveguide 2 thin film 3 light source 4 salt sensing unit 5 light receiving unit 6 optical fiber 7 arithmetic unit

Claims

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request]

【請求項１】碍子の表面に露出させて装着した光導波
路の光損失量から碍子表面に付着した塩分量を求める碍
子塩害センサにおいて、上記光導波路表面にこれと同一
屈折率の薄膜を装着したことを特徴とする碍子塩害セン
サ。1. A porcelain salt damage sensor for determining the amount of salt adhering to the surface of an insulator from the amount of optical loss of the optical waveguide exposed and mounted on the surface of the insulator, wherein a thin film having the same refractive index as that of the same is attached to the surface of the optical waveguide. An insulator salt damage sensor characterized by the above.