JPH0618722Y2 - Spindle structure - Google Patents
Spindle structureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0618722Y2 JPH0618722Y2 JP1987057322U JP5732287U JPH0618722Y2 JP H0618722 Y2 JPH0618722 Y2 JP H0618722Y2 JP 1987057322 U JP1987057322 U JP 1987057322U JP 5732287 U JP5732287 U JP 5732287U JP H0618722 Y2 JPH0618722 Y2 JP H0618722Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- main shaft
- hole
- spindle
- cylindrical member
- axis direction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Turning (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本考案は例えばマシニングセンタ等の工作機械の主軸構
造の改良に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to an improvement in the spindle structure of a machine tool such as a machining center.
従来、例えばマシニングセンタ等の工作機械の主軸構造
は、第３図に示す如く、ツールをロックするクランプ機
構と、ツールをアンロックするアンクランプ機構と、ツ
ールとクランプ，アンクランプ部の清掃をするエア供給
装置と、主軸を回転させるモータ等の駆動機構等が一体
となって主軸頭ハウジングが組立られていた。即ち、主
軸１先端にはツールホルダ２が取付けられ、該ツールホ
ルダ２の後端のプルスタッド２ａが、主軸１孔内のコレ
ット３先端部でロックされ、同じく主軸１の孔内に挿入
され該コレット３を取付けたドローバ４を主軸１の後端
側へ付勢する皿バネ５によってロックされている。Conventionally, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the main spindle structure of a machine tool such as a machining center has a clamp mechanism for locking a tool, an unclamp mechanism for unlocking the tool, and an air for cleaning the tool, the clamp and the unclamp portion. The spindle head housing has been assembled by integrating the supply device and a drive mechanism such as a motor for rotating the spindle. That is, the tool holder 2 is attached to the tip of the spindle 1, the pull stud 2a at the rear end of the tool holder 2 is locked at the tip of the collet 3 in the hole of the spindle 1, and is inserted into the hole of the spindle 1 as well. The drawbar 4 having the collet 3 attached thereto is locked by a disc spring 5 for urging the drawbar 4 toward the rear end side of the main shaft 1.
また、主軸１のドローバ４の後方主軸軸線上にはシリン
ダ６が設けられ、該シリンダ内には中心軸線上で螺合し
たロッド７と共に軸方向に摺動可能なピストン８が挿嵌
されている。そして、圧油の供給により該ピストン８が
軸方向へ摺動すると、前記ロッド７の先端が前記ドロー
バ４に当接し、該ドローバ４を前記皿バネ５の弾力に抗
して軸方向へ押圧し、前記コレット３を弛めプルスタッ
ド２ａをアンロックするように構成されている。さら
に、前記ロッド７と前記ドローバ４の中心にはエア供給
用の孔が貫通状に穿設されており、エア供給装置の指令
により、前記ロッド７が前記ドローバ４に密着した際、
前記コレット３とプルスタッド２ａの取付部に清掃用の
エアブローが行なわれる。また、主軸１の回転駆動は、
主軸１後方に前記シリンダ６等から構成されるアンクラ
ンプ機構が配置されるため、主軸１の後端部にプーリ１
ａをキー止めし、主軸１下方の主軸頭ハウジングの壁９
に駆動モータ１０を固定して、その出力軸１０ａにプー
リ１０ｂを嵌着し、前記主軸１のプーリ１ａと該駆動モ
ータ１０のプーリ１０ｂとの間に数条のベルト１１を掛
け渡して伝動させている。A cylinder 6 is provided on the rear main axis of the drawbar 4 of the main shaft 1, and a piston 8 which is slidable in the axial direction is inserted in the cylinder together with a rod 7 screwed on the central axis. . Then, when the piston 8 slides in the axial direction by the supply of the pressure oil, the tip of the rod 7 contacts the draw bar 4 and presses the draw bar 4 in the axial direction against the elastic force of the disc spring 5. , The collet 3 is loosened and the pull stud 2a is unlocked. Further, a hole for air supply is penetratingly formed at the center of the rod 7 and the drawbar 4, and when the rod 7 is in close contact with the drawbar 4 according to a command from the air supply device,
An air blow for cleaning is performed on the mounting portion of the collet 3 and the pull stud 2a. Further, the rotational drive of the main shaft 1 is
Since the unclamp mechanism including the cylinder 6 and the like is arranged behind the main shaft 1, the pulley 1 is provided at the rear end of the main shaft 1.
a is keyed, and the wall 9 of the spindle head housing below the spindle 1
The drive motor 10 is fixed to the drive shaft 10, the output shaft 10a is fitted with the pulley 10b, and several belts 11 are stretched between the pulley 1a of the main shaft 1 and the pulley 10b of the drive motor 10 for transmission. ing.
しかしながら、従来のように主軸１と切離した位置に駆
動モータ１０を設け、プーリ１０ｂ，１０ａを介してベ
ルト１１により主軸１に動力を伝える構造では、伝動効
率が悪く電力ロスの原因となると共に、駆動モータ１０
を取付けるために主軸１の下方に大きなスペースを必要
としていた。However, in the structure in which the drive motor 10 is provided at a position separated from the main shaft 1 and the power is transmitted to the main shaft 1 by the belt 11 via the pulleys 10b and 10a as in the conventional case, the transmission efficiency is poor and power loss is caused. Drive motor 10
A large space was required below the main shaft 1 for mounting the.
本考案は上記の問題点を解決するために提案されたもの
で、従来通り、クランプ，アンクランプ機構を内部に組
込んだ状態で、主軸を直接駆動すべく、主軸後方の固定
部に駆動モータを設け駆動方式の改良を図り、回転を伝
達する部材と軸方向に摺動する部材とを別々に設け、切
粉の噛み込み等の不具合が防止できる主軸構造を提供す
るものである。The present invention has been proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in the state where a clamp and unclamp mechanism is incorporated inside, a drive motor is mounted on a fixed portion at the rear of the main shaft in order to directly drive the main shaft. In order to improve the drive system, a member for transmitting rotation and a member for sliding in the axial direction are separately provided, and a main spindle structure capable of preventing problems such as chip entrapment is provided.
上記の問題点を解決するため、本考案においては、ハウ
ジングに回転自在に軸承された主軸と、該主軸の軸線に
沿って穿設された貫通穴と、該貫通穴に連通し一端に形
成された工具挿着部と、前記貫通穴に摺動可能に挿嵌さ
れ一端に工具を弾性力で牽引クランプするクランプ部を
有するドローバとから成る主軸構造において、前記主軸
後端に一体的に設けられた第１の回転伝達部材と、該第
１の回転伝達部材と主軸軸線方向のみ移動可能に係合し
回転を伝達すると共に中央部に長穴を設けた円筒部材
と、該円筒部材の長穴に挿通し主軸軸線方向に直交し該
主軸軸線方向にのみ摺動可能な丸棒状の軸と、該軸の両
端に当接する肩部を持ち前記円筒部材を収納する貫通穴
を有する往復移動部材と、該往復移動部材を主軸軸線方
向に移動する駆動源と、主軸後方に回転可能に挿嵌され
該主軸内のドローバ貫通穴に連通する流体供給穴を有す
る回転継手と、前記ハウジング壁面に固定され主軸軸線
上に突出した出力軸に設けられると共に前記円筒部材と
主軸軸線方向のみ移動可能に係合し円筒部材に回転を伝
達する第２の回転伝達部材と、該第２の回転伝達部材側
に固定され前記円筒部材を主軸軸線方向に付勢するバネ
部材とからなることを特徴とする。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a main shaft rotatably supported by a housing, a through hole formed along the axis of the main shaft, and a through hole communicating with the through hole and formed at one end. And a drawbar having a clamp portion that is slidably inserted into the through hole and has a clamp portion that pulls and clamps the tool with elastic force at one end, the spindle structure being integrally provided at the rear end of the spindle. A first rotation transmitting member, a cylindrical member that engages with the first rotation transmitting member so as to be movable only in the direction of the spindle axis, transmits the rotation, and has a long hole in the center, and a long hole of the cylindrical member. A round rod-shaped shaft which is orthogonal to the main shaft axis direction and is slidable only in the main shaft axis direction; and a reciprocating member having a through hole for accommodating the cylindrical member and having shoulder portions abutting both ends of the shaft. A drive source for moving the reciprocating member in the axial direction of the main shaft A rotary joint that is rotatably inserted in the rear of the main shaft and has a fluid supply hole that communicates with a drawbar through hole in the main shaft; and a cylindrical member that is fixed to the housing wall surface and that is provided on the output shaft that projects onto the main shaft axis. And a second rotation transmitting member that is movably engaged only in the spindle axis direction and transmits the rotation to the cylindrical member, and a spring member that is fixed to the second rotation transmitting member side and biases the cylindrical member in the spindle axis direction. It consists of and.
上記構成を採ることにより、クランプ，アンクランプ機
構を内部に組込んだ状態で主軸を駆動モータによって直
接駆動することができる。By adopting the above configuration, the main shaft can be directly driven by the drive motor with the clamp and unclamp mechanism incorporated therein.
以下、本考案の一実施例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明す
る。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本考案の一実施例の主軸構造を示す断面正面
図、第２図は第１図のII−II線断面側面図である。な
お、第３図と同じ構成部材には同一符号を付し説明は省
略する。FIG. 1 is a sectional front view showing a spindle structure of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional side view taken along line II-II of FIG. The same components as those in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
第１図において、主軸１後方の固定部（図示せず）に
は、該主軸１の中心線の延長線上に出力軸１２ａをもつ
駆動モータ１２が取付けられている。該出力軸１２ａの
先端には、外周にスプラインを刻設した第２の伝達部材
である伝達部品１３がシュパンリング１４を介してボル
トにより固定されている。前記伝達部品１３の外周のス
プラインには同じく内周にスプラインを刻設した長尺の
円筒部材１５の一端が係合している。そして、該円筒部
材１５の一端と前記シュパンリング１４の間に常時該円
筒部材１５を主軸１方向へ付勢するバネ１６が介挿され
ている。前記円筒部材１５の他端（ツールホルダ２側）
のスプラインには、主軸１にキー止めされ外周にスプラ
インを刻設した第１の伝達部材である伝達部品１７が係
合されている。In FIG. 1, a drive motor 12 having an output shaft 12a is attached to a fixed portion (not shown) behind the main shaft 1 on an extension of the center line of the main shaft 1. A transmission component 13, which is a second transmission member having a spline on its outer periphery, is fixed to the tip of the output shaft 12a by a bolt via a span ring 14. The spline on the outer circumference of the transmission component 13 is engaged with one end of a long cylindrical member 15 having a spline on the inner circumference. A spring 16 for constantly urging the cylindrical member 15 toward the main shaft 1 is inserted between one end of the cylindrical member 15 and the span ring 14. The other end of the cylindrical member 15 (on the tool holder 2 side)
A transmission component 17, which is a first transmission member keyed to the main shaft 1 and having a spline engraved on the outer periphery, is engaged with the spline.
前記円筒部材１５の中央には、長穴１５ａが穿設されて
いて、該長穴１５ａに主軸軸線方向に直交し該主軸軸線
方向に摺動可能な軸１８が挿通し、該軸は前記円筒部材
１５の内径内に遊嵌されたホルダー１９の凹状溝に位置
規制されてボルトにより固定されると共に、常に主軸１
内のドローバ４端部に当接されている。A long hole 15a is formed in the center of the cylindrical member 15, and a shaft 18 which is orthogonal to the main shaft axis direction and is slidable in the main shaft axis direction is inserted into the long hole 15a. The position is regulated in the concave groove of the holder 19 loosely fitted in the inner diameter of the member 15 and fixed by the bolt, and the main shaft 1 is always
It is in contact with the end of the drawbar 4 inside.
前記円筒部材１５を囲む外方には図示しない主軸頭ハウ
ジングの壁に穿設された貫通穴に嵌合されたハウジング
２０が設けられると共に、該ハウジング２０の内壁をシ
リンダとし、該シリンダ内には軸方向に摺動可能な内径
に肩部２１ａを有する段付のスリーブ状の往復移動部材
であるピストン２１が挿嵌されている。A housing 20 fitted in a through hole formed in a wall of a spindle head housing (not shown) is provided outside the cylindrical member 15, and an inner wall of the housing 20 serves as a cylinder. A piston 21, which is a stepped sleeve-like reciprocating member having a shoulder portion 21a in an inner diameter slidable in the axial direction, is inserted and fitted.
なお、主軸１にキー止めされた伝達部品１７の左方（ツ
ールホルダ２側）には、エア供給用の孔が径方向に穿設
されたカバー２２が設けられ、該カバー２２にはコラム
２３の穴を挿通するエア配管のジョイント２４が接続さ
れている。そして、該カバー２２内の孔はカラー２５及
びリング２６を介して主軸１の径方向に貫通され、ドロ
ーバ４の中心の孔に接続されている。A cover 22 is provided to the left (on the tool holder 2 side) of the transmission component 17 keyed to the main shaft 1 and has a hole 22 for air supply formed in the radial direction. An air pipe joint 24 is inserted through the hole. The hole in the cover 22 is penetrated in the radial direction of the main shaft 1 via the collar 25 and the ring 26, and is connected to the hole at the center of the drawbar 4.
次に作用について説明する。Next, the operation will be described.
駆動モータ１２の回転は、その出力軸１２ａから回転伝
達機構を構成している伝達部品１３，円筒部材１５，伝
達部品１７を介して主軸１に伝えられる。The rotation of the drive motor 12 is transmitted from the output shaft 12a to the main shaft 1 via a transmission component 13, a cylindrical member 15 and a transmission component 17 which constitute a rotation transmission mechanism.
一方、アンクランプ機構は、ハウジング２０の内壁に設
けたシリンダに圧油が供給され、ピストン２１が軸方向
左方（ツールホルダ２側）へ摺動し、ピストン２１の肩
部２１ａが軸１８の両端を押圧して軸方向左方（ツール
ホルダー２側）へ摺動させ、該軸１８に当接しているド
ローバ４を押圧されて、皿バネ５の付勢力に抗してコレ
ット３を弛めて、ツールホルダ２のプルスタッド２ａを
アンロックするように作用する。On the other hand, in the unclamp mechanism, pressure oil is supplied to the cylinder provided on the inner wall of the housing 20, the piston 21 slides axially leftward (toward the tool holder 2 side), and the shoulder portion 21a of the piston 21 moves toward the shaft 18. Both ends are pressed and slid to the left in the axial direction (tool holder 2 side), the draw bar 4 in contact with the shaft 18 is pressed, and the collet 3 is loosened against the biasing force of the disc spring 5. And acts to unlock the pull stud 2a of the tool holder 2.
また、コレット３とプルスタッド２ａの取付部の清掃用
エアは、駆動モータ１２が主軸１の中心軸線上に取付け
られているため、従来の如く、ドローバ４の延長線上に
エア供給用の孔を中心に穿設したロッド７を設けること
ができないため、主軸１にキー止めされた前記伝達部品
１７の左方（ツールホルダ２側）に、エア供給用の孔を
径方向に穿設したカバー２２，カラー２５及びリング２
６を介して、主軸１の肉厚部を貫通してドローバ４の中
心孔に送られる。Further, since the drive motor 12 is mounted on the central axis of the main shaft 1, the cleaning air for the mounting portion of the collet 3 and the pull stud 2a has an air supply hole on the extension line of the drawbar 4 as in the conventional case. Since the rod 7 formed in the center cannot be provided, the cover 22 in which the hole for air supply is formed in the radial direction on the left side (the tool holder 2 side) of the transmission component 17 keyed to the main shaft 1 is provided. , Collar 25 and ring 2
It is sent to the center hole of the drawbar 4 through the thick portion of the main shaft 1 via 6.
以上説明した如く、本考案はクランプ，アンクランプ機
構を内部に組込んだ状態で主軸を直接駆動すべく主軸後
方の固定部に駆動モータを取付けることにより、伝動効
率がよく電力ロスを防ぐことができると共に、主軸の下
方のスペースを有効利用することができる等の効果を奏
する。As described above, according to the present invention, the drive motor is attached to the fixed portion at the rear of the spindle in order to directly drive the spindle with the clamp and unclamp mechanism built in, so that the transmission efficiency is good and the power loss can be prevented. In addition to this, it is possible to effectively utilize the space below the main shaft.
また、円筒部材を回転伝達機構のみに、軸をアンクラン
プ機構（軸方向の摺動）のみに使用しているので、摺動
部等に切粉等が入ってこじりや削食等ドラブルが発生す
る惧れが少なくなった。In addition, since the cylindrical member is used only for the rotation transmission mechanism and the shaft is used only for the unclamping mechanism (sliding in the axial direction), chips and the like enter the sliding parts, which causes prying and blunting such as cutting. I'm less likely to do it.
第１図は本考案の一実施例の主軸構造を示す断面正面
図、第２図は第１図のII−II線断面側面図、第３図は従
来の主軸構造を示す断面正面図である。 １……主軸、２……ツールホルダ ４……ドローバ、５……皿バネ ７……ロッド、８……ピストン １０……駆動モータ、１１……ベルト １２……駆動モータ １３……伝達部品（第２の伝達部材） １５……円筒部材 １７……伝達部品（第１の伝達部材） １８……軸、１９……ホルダー ２０……ハウジング、２１……ピストン ２１ａ……肩部FIG. 1 is a sectional front view showing a spindle structure of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional side view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional front view showing a conventional spindle structure. . 1 ... Spindle, 2 ... Tool holder 4 ... Drawbar, 5 ... Disc spring 7 ... Rod, 8 ... Piston 10 ... Drive motor, 11 ... Belt 12 ... Drive motor 13 ... Transmission parts ( Second transmission member) 15 ... Cylindrical member 17 ... Transmission component (first transmission member) 18 ... Shaft, 19 ... Holder 20 ... Housing, 21 ... Piston 21a ... Shoulder portion
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)考案者 笹崎 勝好 千葉県我孫子市我孫子１番地 日立精機株 式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭59−53136（ＪＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Katsuyoshi Sasazaki 1 Abiko, Abiko City, Chiba Prefecture Hitachi Seiki Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-59-53136 (JP, A)
Claims (1)
と、該主軸の軸線に沿って穿設された貫通穴と、該貫通
穴に連通し一端に形成された工具挿着部と、前記貫通穴
内に摺動可能に挿嵌され一端に工具を弾性力で牽引クラ
ンプするクランプ部を有するドローバとから成る主軸構
造において、 前記主軸後端に一体的に設けられた第１の回転伝達部材
と、 該第１の回転伝達部材と主軸軸線方向のみ移動可能に係
合し回転を伝達すると共に中央部に長穴を設けた円筒部
材と、 該円筒部材の長穴に挿通し主軸軸線方向に直交し該主軸
軸線方向にのみ摺動可能な丸棒状の軸と、 該軸の両端に当接する肩部を持ち前記円筒部材を収納す
る貫通穴を有する往復移動部材と、 該往復移動部材を主軸軸線方向に移動する駆動源と、 主軸後方に回転可能に挿嵌され該主軸内のドローバ貫通
穴に連通する流体供給穴を有する回転継手と、 前記ハウジング壁面に固定され主軸軸線上に突出した出
力軸に設けられると共に前記円筒部材と主軸軸線方向の
み移動可能に係合し円筒部材に回転を伝達する第２の回
転伝達部材と、 該第２の回転伝達部材側に固定され前記円筒部材を主軸
軸線方向に付勢するバネ部材とからなることを特徴とす
る主軸構造。1. A main shaft rotatably supported by a housing, a through hole formed along the axis of the main shaft, a tool insertion portion formed at one end in communication with the through hole, and the through hole. A spindle structure comprising a draw bar slidably fitted in a hole and having a clamp portion for pulling and clamping a tool by elastic force at one end, wherein a first rotation transmitting member integrally provided at a rear end of the spindle, A cylindrical member that engages with the first rotation transmitting member so as to be movable only in the direction of the main shaft axis and transmits rotation, and has a long hole in the center, and is inserted into the long hole of the cylindrical member and is orthogonal to the main shaft axis direction. A round rod-shaped shaft that is slidable only in the spindle axis direction, a reciprocating member that has a through hole that has shoulder portions that abut on both ends of the shaft and that accommodates the cylindrical member, and the reciprocating member that is in the spindle axis direction. Drive source that moves to the rear and rotatably inserted behind the spindle. A rotary joint having a fluid supply hole communicating with a drawbar through hole in the main shaft; and an output shaft fixed to the wall surface of the housing and protruding on the main shaft axis, and movable only in the main shaft axis direction with the cylindrical member. A main shaft, comprising a second rotation transmitting member for transmitting rotation to the combined cylindrical member, and a spring member fixed to the second rotation transmitting member side and biasing the cylindrical member in the main shaft axial direction. Construction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1987057322U JPH0618722Y2 (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1987-04-15 | Spindle structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1987057322U JPH0618722Y2 (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1987-04-15 | Spindle structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63166305U JPS63166305U (en) | 1988-10-28 |
| JPH0618722Y2 true JPH0618722Y2 (en) | 1994-05-18 |
Family
ID=30886925
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1987057322U Expired - Lifetime JPH0618722Y2 (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1987-04-15 | Spindle structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0618722Y2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5837550Y2 (en) * | 1978-10-09 | 1983-08-24 | 日立精工株式会社 | Tool clamping device for machine tools with automatic tool changer |
| JPS5953136A (en) * | 1982-09-14 | 1984-03-27 | Teijin Seiki Co Ltd | Main shaft driving apparatus |
| JPS6026896U (en) * | 1983-07-29 | 1985-02-23 | 小澤 輝雄 | wall memo stand |
-
1987
- 1987-04-15 JP JP1987057322U patent/JPH0618722Y2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63166305U (en) | 1988-10-28 |
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