JPH06182682A - Speed control method for robot - Google Patents

Speed control method for robot

Info

Publication number
JPH06182682A
JPH06182682A JP33855092A JP33855092A JPH06182682A JP H06182682 A JPH06182682 A JP H06182682A JP 33855092 A JP33855092 A JP 33855092A JP 33855092 A JP33855092 A JP 33855092A JP H06182682 A JPH06182682 A JP H06182682A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
deceleration
acceleration
data table
curve
speed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP33855092A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takashi Miyata
隆 宮田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP33855092A priority Critical patent/JPH06182682A/en
Publication of JPH06182682A publication Critical patent/JPH06182682A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Numerical Control (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simply and accurately determine the speed command of a robot during acceleration or deceleration. CONSTITUTION:An ideal acceleration/deceleration data table indicating the ideal acceleration/deceleration curve in the data table is stored in a wave-form generating memory 6. A CPU 1 reads the data table at the time of acceleration or deceleration, determines the speed command at each time via the scaling (expansion or shrinkage) of the data table in response to the speed difference and the acceleration/deceleration time, and moves an actuator 5 in response to this speed command.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明はロボットの速度制御方法
に関し、ロボット、マニピュレータ、工作機械、輸送機
械等に適用されるものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a speed control method for robots, and is applied to robots, manipulators, machine tools, transportation machines and the like.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】図5を基に従来技術を説明する。同図に
示すCPU1はメモリ2に蓄えられた速度指令に基づき
アクチュエータ5に対する指令信号を計算しD/A変換
器3に出力する。メモリ2は、アクチュエータ5の位置
指令及び速度指令を保持している。D/A変換器3は、
CPU1からの速度指令をD/A変換し、アクチュエー
タ5用の速度指令発生回路4に伝達する。速度指令発生
回路4は、D/A変換器3の出力をアクチュエータ5の
駆動に必要なように変換する。アクチュエータ5は、C
PU1の指令に従いロボット軸(図示省略)を駆動す
る。
2. Description of the Related Art A conventional technique will be described with reference to FIG. The CPU 1 shown in the figure calculates a command signal for the actuator 5 based on the speed command stored in the memory 2 and outputs it to the D / A converter 3. The memory 2 holds the position command and speed command of the actuator 5. The D / A converter 3 is
The speed command from the CPU 1 is D / A converted and transmitted to the speed command generation circuit 4 for the actuator 5. The speed command generation circuit 4 converts the output of the D / A converter 3 as necessary for driving the actuator 5. The actuator 5 is C
A robot axis (not shown) is driven according to a command from PU1.

【0003】上記構成の従来技術では、ロボットを再生
等により駆動する場合、CPU1はメモリ2の内容に従
い速度を計算し、その結果をD/A変換器3,速度指令
発生回路4を経由して送り、アクチュエータ5を駆動す
る。
In the prior art having the above structure, when the robot is driven by reproduction or the like, the CPU 1 calculates the speed according to the contents of the memory 2, and the result is passed through the D / A converter 3 and the speed command generation circuit 4. To drive the actuator 5.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】ロボット制御において
加減速時の速度制御は、動きの滑らかさ、棒体寿命等を
決定する大きな要因である。
In robot control, speed control during acceleration / deceleration is a major factor in determining smoothness of movement, rod life, and the like.

【0005】従来の速度制御においては、図6に示すよ
うに、速度V1 から速度V2 へ加減速しようとする場
合、速度V1 〜速度V2 の間の速度は、機械系の遅れや
オーバシュート等を考慮し、S字曲線等の多次元曲線を
使用し、図7の如く、微小サンプリング時間Δts毎に
分割し、時間t,t+Δtsにおける速度Vt ,V′t
を算出し離散疑似曲線化する方法がとられている。
[0005] In the conventional speed control, as shown in FIG. 6, when attempting to acceleration and deceleration from the speed V 1 to velocity V 2, the rate between the velocity V 1 ~ speed V 2, the Ya delay of the mechanical system In consideration of overshoot and the like, a multi-dimensional curve such as an S-shaped curve is used and divided at every minute sampling time Δts as shown in FIG. 7, and the velocities V t and V ′ t at the times t and t + Δts.
Is calculated and converted into a discrete pseudo curve.

【0006】したがって滑らかに加減速動作をさせるた
めにはいかにサンプリング時間Δtsを小さくでき、こ
の離散疑似曲線を理論曲線に近づけることにかかってい
る。しかし従来技術では、動作しながら前述のようにΔ
ts毎に多次元曲線の解を算出するため、曲線の次数が
高いとCPU1の計算負荷が非常に多きくなる。そのた
め所要演算時間がサンプリング時間Δts以上となり、
結果的に加減速時間内の速度計算点数が小さくなり曲線
の次数が下るという悪循環に入り込むため、高次曲線を
使用しても期待するほどの効果が無いという問題があっ
た。
Therefore, in order to smoothly perform the acceleration / deceleration operation, the sampling time Δts can be reduced, and it depends on bringing the discrete pseudo curve close to the theoretical curve. However, in the conventional technique, while operating, Δ
Since the solution of the multidimensional curve is calculated for each ts, if the degree of the curve is high, the calculation load of the CPU 1 becomes very heavy. Therefore, the required calculation time is more than the sampling time Δts,
As a result, the number of speed calculation points in the acceleration / deceleration time becomes smaller and the order of the curve decreases, which enters a vicious circle, and there is a problem that the use of a higher-order curve does not have the expected effect.

【0007】本発明は、上記従来技術に鑑み、CPUの
演算負荷を減少でき、しかも動作軌跡精度を向上させる
ことのできるロボットの速度制御方法を提供することを
目的とする。
In view of the above-mentioned conventional technique, it is an object of the present invention to provide a robot speed control method capable of reducing the calculation load on the CPU and improving the motion trajectory accuracy.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
本発明では、ロボット加減速中の速度値を算出時に、加
減速曲線をあらかじめデータテーブル化してメモリに保
持しておき、曲線の解を求めることなくデータテーブル
格納値のスケーリングのみで演算するようにしたことを
特徴とする。
In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, when a velocity value during robot acceleration / deceleration is calculated, an acceleration / deceleration curve is converted into a data table in advance and held in a memory to solve the curve. The feature is that the calculation is performed only by scaling the data table stored value without obtaining it.

【0009】[0009]

【作用】本発明では、ロボットを加減速制御する場合、
CPUはメモリに格納された速度指令に対し、波形発生
メモリに格納された加減速曲線を加味した速度指令を発
生し、D/A変換器,速度指令発生回路を経由し、アク
チュエータを駆動する。
In the present invention, when controlling the acceleration / deceleration of the robot,
The CPU generates a speed command in which the acceleration / deceleration curve stored in the waveform generation memory is added to the speed command stored in the memory, and drives the actuator via the D / A converter and the speed command generation circuit.

【0010】[0010]

【実施例】以下に本発明の実施例を図面に基づき詳細に
説明する。なお従来技術と同一機能を果す部分には同一
符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that parts having the same functions as those of the conventional technique are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

【0011】図1は本発明の実施例を示す。本実施例で
は、波形発生メモリ6は、図3(a)に示す理想加減速
曲線をデータテーブル化したデータ(図3(b))を保
持している。CPU1は、メモリ2に保持された速度指
令と、速度発生メモリ6に保持された加減速曲線データ
テーブルより、加減速中の速度を演算する。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the waveform generation memory 6 holds the data (FIG. 3B) obtained by converting the ideal acceleration / deceleration curve shown in FIG. 3A into a data table. The CPU 1 calculates the speed during acceleration / deceleration from the speed command held in the memory 2 and the acceleration / deceleration curve data table held in the speed generation memory 6.

【0012】次に図2に示す概略フロー図を参照して動
作を説明する。
Next, the operation will be described with reference to the schematic flow chart shown in FIG.

【0013】ロボットの加減速時、CPU1はメモリ2
より現在速度V1 ,次目標速度V2,加減速時間taを
読み出す(ステップS1)。
During acceleration / deceleration of the robot, the CPU 1 has a memory 2
Then, the current speed V 1 , the next target speed V 2 , and the acceleration / deceleration time ta are read (step S1).

【0014】CPU1は、波形発生メモリ6より理想加
減速曲線データテーブル(図3(b))を読み出す(ス
テップS2)。波形発生メモリ6には、あらかじめ機体
に最適な理想加減速曲線(図3(a))をN個のデータ
に離散値化しデータテーブル化(図3(b))した理想
加減速曲線データテーブルを保持している。
The CPU 1 reads the ideal acceleration / deceleration curve data table (FIG. 3B) from the waveform generation memory 6 (step S2). In the waveform generation memory 6, an ideal acceleration / deceleration curve data table obtained by converting the ideal acceleration / deceleration curve (FIG. 3 (a)) optimal for the machine into N data and converting it into a data table (FIG. 3 (b)) in advance. keeping.

【0015】CPU1は、実際の加減速状態(図6)に
あてはめるため、時間方向のスケーリング係数at 、速
度方向スケーリング係数av をそれぞれ式(1),
(2)により計算する(ステップS3)。但しNは離散
化したサンプリングデータ数、Lは加減速時間である。 at =N/ta …式(1) av =(V1 −V2 )L …式(2)
The CPU 1 applies the scaling coefficient a t in the time direction and the scaling coefficient a v in the speed direction to the actual acceleration / deceleration state (FIG. 6), respectively, using equations (1),
Calculation is performed according to (2) (step S3). However, N is the number of discrete sampling data, and L is the acceleration / deceleration time. a t = N / t a Equation (1) av = (V 1 −V 2 ) L Equation (2)

【0016】CPU1は時刻t(図6)及びデータテー
ブルのデータ数N(図3(b))より、時間tにおける
基準速度曲線データテーブル上のデータ位置iを式
(3)により計算する。 i=t×at …式(3)
The CPU 1 calculates the data position i on the reference speed curve data table at the time t from the time t (FIG. 6) and the number of data N in the data table (FIG. 3 (b)) by the equation (3). i = t × a t Equation (3)

【0017】CPU1はデータ位置iにより指定された
データテーブル上のデータDT(i)(図3(b))と
速度方向スケーリング係数av から式(4)により時刻
tにおける速度変化ΔVt (図3(c))を演算出力す
る(ステップS4)。 ΔVt =aV ×DT(i) …式(4)
The CPU 1 uses the data DT (i) (FIG. 3 (b)) on the data table designated by the data position i and the velocity direction scaling coefficient a v to change the velocity ΔV t (FIG. 3 (c)) is arithmetically output (step S4). ΔV t = a V × DT (i) (4)

【0018】式(4)のΔVt ,現在速度V1 より時刻
tにおける速度Vc を式(5)により算出出力する。 Vt =V1 +ΔVt …式(5)
From ΔV t of the equation (4) and the current velocity V 1 , the velocity V c at the time t is calculated and output by the equation (5). V t = V 1 + ΔV t (5)

【0019】ステップS1からS5までの動作を次目標
速度V2 に達するまで繰返す。(ステップS5)。
The operations from steps S1 to S5 are repeated until the next target speed V 2 is reached. (Step S5).

【0020】[0020]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば次のような効果を奏す
る。
According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

【0021】ロボットの加減速時の速度演算をあらかじ
め最適加減速用多次元曲線をデータテーブル化し準備し
ておくことにより、動作中多次元曲線の解を演算するこ
となくデータテーブルの参照とその拡大、縮小のみで求
めることができるため、CPUの演算負荷を大巾に減少
できる。
By preparing the optimum acceleration / deceleration multidimensional curve as a data table for the speed calculation during acceleration / deceleration of the robot, the data table can be referred and expanded without calculating the solution of the multidimensional curve during operation. , The calculation load of the CPU can be greatly reduced because it can be obtained only by reduction.

【0022】その結果従来に比し曲線補間中のサンプリ
ング時間を小さくすることが可能となり、加減速時の離
散疑似曲線をより理論曲線に近づけることができ、機体
の動きが滑らかになるため動作軌跡精度が向上し、機体
寿命も向上する。
As a result, the sampling time during curve interpolation can be shortened as compared with the conventional case, the discrete pseudo curve at the time of acceleration / deceleration can be made closer to the theoretical curve, and the motion of the machine becomes smoother. The accuracy is improved and the life of the machine is also improved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明の実施例を示すブロック構成図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】実施例の手順を示すフロー図。FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the embodiment.

【図3】理想加減速曲線,理想加減速曲線データテーブ
ル,スケーリングデータを示す特性図。
FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing an ideal acceleration / deceleration curve, an ideal acceleration / deceleration curve data table, and scaling data.

【図4】実際の出力を示す波形図。FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram showing an actual output.

【図5】従来技術を示すブロック構成図。FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a conventional technique.

【図6】理想加減速制御を示す特性図。FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing ideal acceleration / deceleration control.

【図7】従来の演算による加減速制御を示す特性図。FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing acceleration / deceleration control by conventional calculation.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 CPU 2 メモリ 3 D/A変換器 4 速度指令発生回路 5 アクチュエータ 6 波形発生メモリ 1 CPU 2 Memory 3 D / A Converter 4 Speed Command Generation Circuit 5 Actuator 6 Waveform Generation Memory

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 ロボットの加減速を理想加減速曲線にし
たがって行うロボットの速度制御方法において、 前記理想加減速曲線をデータテーブル化した理想加減速
曲線データテーブルをメモリに格納しておき、加減速時
には前記理想加減速曲線データテーブルを参照し、速度
差及び加減速時間に応じて前記データテーブルをスケー
リングすることにより、加減速中の各時刻での速度を求
めて速度指令として出力することを特徴とするロボット
の速度制御方法。
1. A speed control method for a robot, which performs acceleration / deceleration of a robot according to an ideal acceleration / deceleration curve, stores an ideal acceleration / deceleration curve data table in which the ideal acceleration / deceleration curve is converted into a data table, and stores the acceleration / deceleration. The ideal acceleration / deceleration curve data table is sometimes referred to, and the data table is scaled according to the speed difference and the acceleration / deceleration time to obtain the speed at each time during acceleration / deceleration and output it as a speed command. Robot speed control method.
JP33855092A 1992-12-18 1992-12-18 Speed control method for robot Pending JPH06182682A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33855092A JPH06182682A (en) 1992-12-18 1992-12-18 Speed control method for robot

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33855092A JPH06182682A (en) 1992-12-18 1992-12-18 Speed control method for robot

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH06182682A true JPH06182682A (en) 1994-07-05

Family

ID=18319230

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP33855092A Pending JPH06182682A (en) 1992-12-18 1992-12-18 Speed control method for robot

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH06182682A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE112008003783T5 (en) 2008-05-29 2011-02-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp. Acceleration / deceleration control device
CN105082135A (en) * 2015-09-11 2015-11-25 东南大学 Speed control method for inching operation of robot
JP2016093869A (en) * 2014-11-14 2016-05-26 株式会社クリエイティブマシン Teaching data creation method, creation device, and creation program, and, data structure of teaching data, and recording medium
CN114131612A (en) * 2021-12-20 2022-03-04 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Redundant manipulator real-time look-ahead trajectory planning method based on NURBS curve interpolation algorithm

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE112008003783T5 (en) 2008-05-29 2011-02-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp. Acceleration / deceleration control device
US8600527B2 (en) 2008-05-29 2013-12-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Acceleration/deceleration control device
DE112008003783B4 (en) * 2008-05-29 2016-04-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corp. Acceleration / deceleration control device
JP2016093869A (en) * 2014-11-14 2016-05-26 株式会社クリエイティブマシン Teaching data creation method, creation device, and creation program, and, data structure of teaching data, and recording medium
CN105082135A (en) * 2015-09-11 2015-11-25 东南大学 Speed control method for inching operation of robot
CN114131612A (en) * 2021-12-20 2022-03-04 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Redundant manipulator real-time look-ahead trajectory planning method based on NURBS curve interpolation algorithm
CN114131612B (en) * 2021-12-20 2024-01-30 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Redundant mechanical arm real-time look-ahead track planning method based on NURBS curve interpolation algorithm

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