JPH06148648A - Feproelectric liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Feproelectric liquid crystal display element

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Publication number
JPH06148648A
JPH06148648A JP31612192A JP31612192A JPH06148648A JP H06148648 A JPH06148648 A JP H06148648A JP 31612192 A JP31612192 A JP 31612192A JP 31612192 A JP31612192 A JP 31612192A JP H06148648 A JPH06148648 A JP H06148648A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
polythiophene
crystal display
ferroelectric liquid
film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP31612192A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshiyuki Asada
好幸 朝田
Munehiro Kimura
宗弘 木村
Shunsuke Kobayashi
駿介 小林
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Japan Radio Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Japan Radio Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Japan Radio Co Ltd filed Critical Japan Radio Co Ltd
Priority to JP31612192A priority Critical patent/JPH06148648A/en
Publication of JPH06148648A publication Critical patent/JPH06148648A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the ferroelectric liquid crystal display element having conductive oriented films which are easily formable, are chemically stable and hardly generate peeling, etc. CONSTITUTION:A liquid crystal 1 is either a ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal. The oriented films 2 are conductive and consist of the polythiophene films laminated and formed at several hundred Angstrom thickness on the surfaces of transparent electrodes 31 at a constant voltage of 10 to 20V by an electrolytic polymn. method. The electrolyte to be used consists of an adequate solvent (benzonitrile), a supporting electrolyte (LiBF4), water and thiophene monomer. The polythiophene is a high polymer formed by polymerizing the thiophene monomer which is a hetero 5-membered ring molecule contg. S atoms to a chain form. The polythiophene oriented films 2 are obtd. by subjecting the polythiophene films formed in such a manner to a rubbing treatment.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、強誘電性液晶表示素子
に係り、特に強誘電性液晶または反強誘電性液晶を用い
た強誘電性液晶表示素子に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ferroelectric liquid crystal display element, and more particularly to a ferroelectric liquid crystal display element using a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】液晶表示素子は、基本的には図3に示す
ように構成される。図3において、一対の透明電極31
は、スペーサ32により一定間隔離隔し液晶33を狭持
するように対向配置されるが、双方の液晶対向面には配
向膜34が形成され、また双方の外表面にはガラス基板
35が貼着されている。液晶33の周囲はシール材36
で密封される。
2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal display device is basically constructed as shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, a pair of transparent electrodes 31
Are opposed to each other so as to sandwich the liquid crystal 33 with a spacer 32 between them, and an alignment film 34 is formed on both liquid crystal facing surfaces, and a glass substrate 35 is attached to both outer surfaces. Has been done. A sealing material 36 around the liquid crystal 33
Sealed in.

【0003】ここで、液晶33の層厚は表面安定化状態
(液晶分子が2方向のみで安定な状態)を確保するため
1〜2μmと狭くしてあるので、スペーサ32は電気的
短絡の防止と均一な層厚確保のため設けられる。
Here, since the layer thickness of the liquid crystal 33 is narrowed to 1 to 2 μm in order to secure a surface-stabilized state (state in which liquid crystal molecules are stable only in two directions), the spacer 32 prevents an electrical short circuit. And to ensure a uniform layer thickness.

【0004】なお、配向膜は液晶分子の配列方向を規制
するものであるが、一対の透明電極の双方に形成せず一
方の透明電極のみとし、他方の透明電極ではその電極面
にけがきを入れて配向膜の代わりとする場合もある。
Although the alignment film regulates the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules, it is not formed on both of the pair of transparent electrodes but only one transparent electrode, and the other transparent electrode has a marking on its electrode surface. In some cases, it may be used as a substitute for the alignment film.

【0005】ところで、液晶33としては、ネマチック
液晶が良く知られているが、近年、強誘電性液晶がその
自発分極の性質により非常な高速性と双安定なメモリ性
を有することから注目され、次のような工夫を施した強
誘電性液晶表示素子が提案されている。
As the liquid crystal 33, a nematic liquid crystal is well known. In recent years, however, attention has been paid to the fact that a ferroelectric liquid crystal has an extremely high speed and a bistable memory property due to its spontaneous polarization property. Ferroelectric liquid crystal display devices that have been devised as follows have been proposed.

【0006】即ち、強誘電性液晶表示素子では、直交偏
光子間に当該表示素子を設定し例えば図5(a)に示す
ような正と負のパルス電圧を透明電極間に印加すると、
自発分極の動きに伴い液晶分子方向が約45°変化し、
当該表示素子を透過する光が明または暗となり、その状
態が印加電界消滅後も継続する。そして、明または暗の
状態の変更は逆電界の印加により行えるものである。そ
の際にメモリ率M(数式1)とコントラスト比CRm
(数式2)が良好であることが重要である。なお、数式
1と数式2において、Y1 は正のパルス電圧印加時の透
光量、Y2 は正のパルス電圧の消滅後の透光量、Y3
負のパルス電圧印加時の透光量、Y4 は負のパルス電圧
の消滅後の透光量である。
That is, in a ferroelectric liquid crystal display device, when the display device is set between orthogonal polarizers and positive and negative pulse voltages as shown in FIG. 5A are applied between the transparent electrodes,
With the movement of spontaneous polarization, the liquid crystal molecule direction changes by about 45 °,
The light transmitted through the display element becomes bright or dark, and the state continues even after the applied electric field disappears. The change of the bright or dark state can be performed by applying the reverse electric field. At that time, the memory ratio M (Formula 1) and the contrast ratio CRm
It is important that (Equation 2) is good. In Formula 1 and Formula 2, Y 1 is the light transmission amount when a positive pulse voltage is applied, Y 2 is the light transmission amount after the positive pulse voltage is extinguished, and Y 3 is the light transmission when a negative pulse voltage is applied. The quantity Y 4 is the quantity of light transmitted after the negative pulse voltage disappears.

【0007】[0007]

【数1】 M=〔{(Y2 −Y3 )+(Y1 −Y4 )}/(Y1 −Y3 )〕×100 −100 [%][Number 1] M = [{(Y 2 -Y 3) + (Y 1 -Y 4)} / (Y 1 -Y 3) ] × 100 -100 [%]

【0008】[0008]

【数2】CRm=Y2 /Y4 [Formula 2] CRm = Y 2 / Y 4

【0009】ここに、一対の透明電極の双方に形成する
配向膜をポリイミド等の絶縁性物質を用いて形成する
と、駆動用の外部電界で自発分極の方向が反転したとき
に分極反転電界と呼ばれる内部電界が生じ、これが一部
の液晶分子の方向を乱し、例えば図5(b)に示すよう
にパルス電圧(外部電界)消滅後の透光量が大きく変化
し、メモリ率とコントラスト比が劣化する。
If the alignment films formed on both of the pair of transparent electrodes are made of an insulating material such as polyimide, it is called a polarization reversal electric field when the direction of spontaneous polarization is reversed by an external electric field for driving. An internal electric field is generated, which disturbs the direction of some of the liquid crystal molecules. For example, as shown in FIG. 5B, the amount of light transmission after the pulse voltage (external electric field) disappears greatly changes, and the memory ratio and the contrast ratio are to degrade.

【0010】この分極反転電界は適度な導電性を持つ配
向膜を用いれば生じないようにできることが知られてい
る。そこで、従来では、配向膜を形成せず一対の透明
電極の双方をそのまま導電性配向膜として使用する(図
4(a))、トンネル効果により導電性を示すSiO
斜方蒸着薄膜の配向膜を形成する(図4(b))、同
様にトンネル効果により導電性を示すLB(Langmuir-B
lodgett)薄膜の配向膜を形成する(図4(b))、電
荷移動錯体(CTC)を混入したポリイミド膜の配向膜
を形成する(図4(b))、等の措置を施してメモリ率
とコントラスト比を改善するようにしている(図5
(c))。
It is known that this polarization inversion electric field can be prevented by using an alignment film having an appropriate conductivity. Therefore, conventionally, both the pair of transparent electrodes are used as they are as the conductive alignment film without forming the alignment film (FIG. 4A), and SiO which exhibits conductivity due to the tunnel effect.
An LB (Langmuir-B) that exhibits conductivity due to a tunnel effect is also formed by forming an orientation film of an oblique deposition thin film (FIG. 4B).
Lodgett) A thin film orientation film is formed (FIG. 4 (b)), a charge transfer complex (CTC) mixed polyimide film orientation film is formed (FIG. 4 (b)), etc. And the contrast ratio is improved (Fig. 5
(C)).

【0011】[0011]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述したように強誘電
性液晶を用いた液晶表示素子では、配向膜として導電性
のものを使用すれば、特性(メモリ率とコントラスト
比)を良好にできる(図5(c))が、では配向規制
力が弱すぎるので、経時変化によりメモリ率とコントラ
スト比が劣化する、では大画面の表示器を作成するに
は大型の真空蒸着装置が必要で製造コストが高くなる、
では作成には大型の装置と長い時間が必要で製造コス
トが高くなる、ではポリイミド焼成時に錯体が熱で分
解するおそれがあり信頼性に欠ける、等の問題がある。
As described above, in the liquid crystal display device using the ferroelectric liquid crystal, the characteristics (memory ratio and contrast ratio) can be improved by using a conductive alignment film ( In Fig. 5 (c), since the alignment regulating force is too weak, the memory ratio and the contrast ratio deteriorate with the passage of time. Therefore, in order to create a large-screen display, a large vacuum vapor deposition apparatus is required and the manufacturing cost is high. Becomes higher,
In that case, there is a problem in that a large device and a long time are required for the production, and the manufacturing cost becomes high, and that the complex may be decomposed by heat at the time of baking the polyimide, resulting in lack of reliability.

【0012】なお、反強誘電性液晶にもメモリ性があり
導電性配向膜を用いて表示素子を構成でき、従って上述
したのと同様の問題がある。
It should be noted that the antiferroelectric liquid crystal also has a memory property and a display element can be constructed by using a conductive alignment film, and therefore has the same problem as described above.

【0013】本発明の目的は、強誘電性液晶または反強
誘電性液晶を用いた液晶表示素子において、作成方法が
簡便で、化学的に安定で、かつ、剥離などの物理的損傷
の起きにくい導電性配向膜を備えた強誘電性液晶表示素
子を提供することにある。
An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device using a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, which has a simple manufacturing method, is chemically stable, and is resistant to physical damage such as peeling. Another object of the present invention is to provide a ferroelectric liquid crystal display device having a conductive alignment film.

【0014】[0014]

【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するため
に本発明の強誘電性液晶表示素子は次の如き構成を有す
る。即ち、本発明の強誘電性液晶表示素子は、強誘電性
液晶または反強誘電性液晶を狭持するように対向配置さ
れる一対の透明電極の少なくとも一方の液晶対向面に配
向膜を形成してなる強誘電性液晶表示素子において;
前記配向膜は、電解重合法によるポリチオフェンの薄膜
からなる; ことを特徴とするものである。
In order to achieve the above object, the ferroelectric liquid crystal display device of the present invention has the following constitution. That is, in the ferroelectric liquid crystal display element of the present invention, an alignment film is formed on at least one liquid crystal facing surface of a pair of transparent electrodes which are arranged to face each other so as to sandwich the ferroelectric liquid crystal or the antiferroelectric liquid crystal. In a ferroelectric liquid crystal display device comprising:
The alignment film is made of a polythiophene thin film formed by an electrolytic polymerization method.

【0015】[0015]

【作用】次に、前記の如く構成される本発明の強誘電性
液晶表示素子の作用を説明する。本発明では、導電性配
向膜としてポリチオフェン膜を電解重合法により形成す
る。従って、定電圧源と電解液の容器などを用意すれば
成膜が可能であり、大かがりな装置を必要とするSiO
斜方蒸着膜やLB膜等よりも遥かに作成が容易である。
また熱処理が不要であるので、変質の恐れがなく、ポリ
チオフェン膜は空気中で実質的に劣化しないことが知ら
れており、化学的に安定である。さらに、電極への膜の
付着は非常に強固で、剥離などの物理的損傷は起きにく
い。
Next, the operation of the ferroelectric liquid crystal display device of the present invention constructed as described above will be described. In the present invention, a polythiophene film is formed as the conductive alignment film by an electrolytic polymerization method. Therefore, it is possible to form a film by preparing a constant voltage source and a container for the electrolytic solution, which requires a bulky apparatus.
It is much easier to make than the oblique deposition film and the LB film.
Further, since heat treatment is unnecessary, it is known that the polythiophene film is not deteriorated in air, and there is no possibility of deterioration, and it is chemically stable. Furthermore, the adhesion of the film to the electrode is very strong, and physical damage such as peeling is unlikely to occur.

【0016】[0016]

【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面を参照して説明
する。図1は、本発明の一実施例に係る強誘電性液晶表
示素子を示す。図3と同一構成部分には同一符号名称を
付してある。以下、本発明に係る部分を中心に説明す
る。本発明では、液晶1は、強誘電性液晶または反強誘
電性液晶の何れか一方である。また配向膜2は、導電性
のものであるが、本発明ではポリチオフェン膜からな
る。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a ferroelectric liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals. Hereinafter, the description will focus on the part relating to the present invention. In the present invention, the liquid crystal 1 is either a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal. Although the alignment film 2 is electrically conductive, it is made of a polythiophene film in the present invention.

【0017】ポリチオフェン膜は、電解重合法により1
0〜20Vの定電圧で透明電極31の表面に数百オング
ストロームの厚さで積層する。なお、用いる電解液は、
適切な溶媒(ベンゾニトリル)、支持電解質(LiBF
4 )、水とチオフェンモノマからなる。
The polythiophene film is formed by electrolytic polymerization method 1
The transparent electrode 31 is laminated with a constant voltage of 0 to 20 V to a thickness of several hundred angstroms. The electrolyte used is
Suitable solvent (benzonitrile), supporting electrolyte (LiBF
4 ), consisting of water and thiophene monomer.

【0018】ポリチオフェンは、図2に示すように、S
原子を含む複素5員環分子であるチオフェンモノマが鎖
状に重合した高分子であるが、ポリチオフェン配向膜2
は、このようにして形成したポリチオフェン膜をラビン
グ処理して得られるものである。このポリチオフェン配
向膜2は、反強誘電性液晶でも強誘電性液晶と同様に配
向の機能を有する。
As shown in FIG. 2, polythiophene contains S
A polythiophene alignment film 2 is a polymer in which a thiophene monomer, which is a 5-membered heterocyclic molecule containing atoms, is polymerized in a chain shape.
Is obtained by rubbing the polythiophene film thus formed. This polythiophene alignment film 2 has the function of alignment even in antiferroelectric liquid crystals, as in ferroelectric liquid crystals.

【0019】本発明の強誘電性液晶表示素子によっても
図5(c)に示した良好な特性が得られる。なお、ポリ
チオフェン配向膜2は、本実施例では、一対の透明電極
の双方に形成したが、何れか一方にのみ形成しても良い
ことは勿論である。
The ferroelectric liquid crystal display device of the present invention can also obtain the excellent characteristics shown in FIG. 5 (c). Although the polythiophene alignment film 2 is formed on both of the pair of transparent electrodes in this embodiment, it is needless to say that it may be formed on only one of them.

【0020】[0020]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の強誘電性
液晶表示素子によれば、導電性配向膜としてポリチオフ
ェン膜を電解重合法により形成するようにしたので、定
電圧源と電解液の容器などを用意すれば成膜が可能で、
大かがりな装置を必要とするSiO斜方蒸着膜やLB膜
等よりも遥かに作成が容易である。また熱処理が不要で
あるので、変質の恐れがなく、ポリチオフェン膜は空気
中で実質的に劣化しないことが知られており、化学的に
安定である。さらに、電極への膜の付着は非常に強固
で、剥離などの物理的損傷は起きにくい。従って、強誘
電性液晶または反強誘電性液晶を用いた液晶表示素子に
おいて、作成方法が簡便で、化学的に安定で、かつ、剥
離などの物理的損傷の起きにくい導電性配向膜を備えた
液晶表示素子を提供できる効果がある。
As described above, according to the ferroelectric liquid crystal display element of the present invention, since the polythiophene film is formed as the conductive alignment film by the electrolytic polymerization method, the constant voltage source and the electrolytic solution Film can be formed by preparing a container,
It is much easier to make than an SiO oblique deposition film or an LB film which requires a large-sized device. Further, since heat treatment is unnecessary, it is known that the polythiophene film is not deteriorated in air, and there is no possibility of deterioration, and it is chemically stable. Furthermore, the adhesion of the film to the electrode is very strong, and physical damage such as peeling is unlikely to occur. Therefore, in a liquid crystal display device using a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, a conductive alignment film having a simple manufacturing method, chemically stable, and hard to cause physical damage such as peeling is provided. There is an effect that a liquid crystal display device can be provided.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明の一実施例に係る強誘電性液晶表示素子
の側面断面図である。
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a ferroelectric liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】ポリチオフェンの構造図である。FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of polythiophene.

【図3】液晶表示素子の一般的な構成の側面断面図であ
る。
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a general configuration of a liquid crystal display element.

【図4】従来の強誘電性液晶表示素子の側面断面図であ
り、(a)は透明電極を配向膜として使用する場合、
(b)はSiO膜、LB膜、CTC膜を配向膜として使
用する場合を示す。
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal display device, FIG. 4A shows a case where a transparent electrode is used as an alignment film,
(B) shows a case where a SiO film, an LB film, or a CTC film is used as an alignment film.

【図5】強誘電性液晶表示素子の特性説明図であり、
(a)はパルス性外部電界の印加態様図、(b)は配向
膜が絶縁性である場合の光学応答図、(c)は配向膜が
導電性である場合の光学応答図である。
FIG. 5 is a characteristic explanatory view of a ferroelectric liquid crystal display element,
(A) is an application mode diagram of a pulsed external electric field, (b) is an optical response diagram when the alignment film is insulative, and (c) is an optical response diagram when the alignment film is conductive.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 強誘電性液晶または反強誘電性液晶 2 ポリチオフェン配向膜 31 透明電極 32 スペーサ 35 ガラス基板 36 シール材 1 Ferroelectric liquid crystal or anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal 2 Polythiophene alignment film 31 Transparent electrode 32 Spacer 35 Glass substrate 36 Sealant

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 強誘電性液晶または反強誘電性液晶を狭
持するように対向配置される一対の透明電極の少なくと
も一方の液晶対向面に配向膜を形成してなる強誘電性液
晶表示素子において; 前記配向膜は、電解重合法によ
るポリチオフェンの薄膜からなる; ことを特徴とする
強誘電性液晶表示素子。
1. A ferroelectric liquid crystal display device comprising an alignment film formed on at least one liquid crystal facing surface of a pair of transparent electrodes facing each other so as to sandwich a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal. In the ferroelectric liquid crystal display device, the alignment film is formed of a thin film of polythiophene by an electrolytic polymerization method.
JP31612192A 1992-10-30 1992-10-30 Feproelectric liquid crystal display element Pending JPH06148648A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP31612192A JPH06148648A (en) 1992-10-30 1992-10-30 Feproelectric liquid crystal display element

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP31612192A JPH06148648A (en) 1992-10-30 1992-10-30 Feproelectric liquid crystal display element

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH06148648A true JPH06148648A (en) 1994-05-27

Family

ID=18073486

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP31612192A Pending JPH06148648A (en) 1992-10-30 1992-10-30 Feproelectric liquid crystal display element

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH06148648A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002311450A (en) * 2001-03-07 2002-10-23 Bayer Ag Multilayer arrangement to electrooptical device
US7214405B2 (en) * 1999-10-15 2007-05-08 Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. Method of making a liquid crystal alignment layer

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7214405B2 (en) * 1999-10-15 2007-05-08 Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. Method of making a liquid crystal alignment layer
JP2002311450A (en) * 2001-03-07 2002-10-23 Bayer Ag Multilayer arrangement to electrooptical device

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