JPH06145675A - Production of milky fuel oil - Google Patents
Production of milky fuel oilInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06145675A JPH06145675A JP29407592A JP29407592A JPH06145675A JP H06145675 A JPH06145675 A JP H06145675A JP 29407592 A JP29407592 A JP 29407592A JP 29407592 A JP29407592 A JP 29407592A JP H06145675 A JPH06145675 A JP H06145675A
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- heavy oil
- oil
- component
- fuel
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、重油中に水を分散させ
た油中水滴型乳状燃料油の製造方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a water-in-oil type emulsion fuel oil in which water is dispersed in heavy oil.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】最近、重油中に水を微粒子状に分散させ
た乳状燃料油が重油の燃焼費の節約、燃焼廃気ガス中の
ＮＯｘ、ＳＯｘの減少等の効果を有することから注目さ
れ検討されている。従来の乳状燃料油の製造方法は界面
活性剤を乳化剤に用いて水を重油中に分散する方法がと
られ、乳化方法にスタテックミキサーによる方法、油中
に水を噴射する方法、機械的攪拌による方法、超音波に
よる方法などが知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Recently, attention has been paid to the fact that a milky fuel oil prepared by dispersing water in a particulate form in heavy oil has the effects of reducing the combustion cost of heavy oil and reducing NOx and SOx in combustion exhaust gas. Has been done. The conventional method of producing a dairy fuel oil is to use a surfactant as an emulsifier to disperse water in heavy oil.The emulsification method uses a static mixer, a method of injecting water into oil, and mechanical stirring. There are known methods such as a method using ultrasonic waves and a method using ultrasonic waves.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、界面活
性剤を乳化剤として用いる場合、乳化は簡単であるが、
その乳化した燃料油は保温貯蔵中に部分的に水が分離す
る傾向があり、分離水を生ずると乳状燃料油を燃焼する
際にトラブルを生ずる欠点があった。そのため従来乳状
燃料油の研究は多いが実用的には試験的に行なわれてい
る。また水の添加率も最大１０％、大体数％以下の量で
あり、これ以上の量を用いることはトラブルをおこすお
それのあるところから試みられていない。そのため省エ
ネルギーの経済効果は余り期待できなかった。However, when a surfactant is used as an emulsifier, emulsification is easy,
The emulsified fuel oil tends to partly separate water during heat storage, and if separated water is generated, there is a drawback that trouble occurs when burning the emulsified fuel oil. For this reason, there have been many studies on milky fuel oils, but they have been practically conducted on a trial basis. Further, the addition rate of water is 10% at the maximum, and is generally several percent or less, and the use of more than this is not attempted because it may cause trouble. Therefore, the economic effect of energy saving could not be expected very much.
【０００４】本発明の目的は、叙上の欠点を解消するも
ので、重油への水の乳化分散が容易で且つ確実であり、
生成される乳状燃料油は水分の分離、遊離等がなく長期
間に安定で水分の量も従来に比べて多量に含有させるこ
とができ、しかも燃焼効率も良好である経済的な乳状燃
料油の製造方法を提供するものである。The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and it is easy and reliable to emulsify and disperse water in heavy oil.
The milky fuel oil produced is stable for a long period of time without separation and release of water, can contain a large amount of water compared with the conventional one, and has good combustion efficiency. A manufacturing method is provided.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】即ち、本発明は、水にカ
ーボン成分及びヨウ素系防腐剤（添加剤という）を分散
させたものを水成分とし、該水成分を重油中に分散乳化
させることを特徴とする油中水滴型の乳化燃料油の製造
方法を要旨とするものである。又、本発明においては、
さらに水溶性アクリル系合成樹脂を添加することが分散
性が向上し、好ましい。[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, according to the present invention, a carbon component and an iodine preservative (referred to as an additive) are dispersed in water as a water component, and the water component is dispersed and emulsified in heavy oil. The gist is a method for producing a water-in-oil type emulsified fuel oil. Further, in the present invention,
Furthermore, it is preferable to add a water-soluble acrylic synthetic resin because the dispersibility is improved.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】本発明における水は、水道水、工業用水などが
一般に用いられるが井戸水、河川、湖沼水や海水も用い
ることができる。本発明でいう添加剤のうちのカーボン
成分としては、油煙、松煙、すゝ、カーボンブラック等
を挙げることができ、このカーボン成分を膠、ゼラチ
ン、その他分散剤、保護コロイド等を適宜用いて水に分
散させた墨汁は好ましいものである。墨汁として、市販
の墨汁を使用することができる。また油煙、松煙、すゝ
等を膠でかためた墨を水にすって得られる墨汁を用いる
ことができる。さらに油煙、松煙、すゝ、カーボンブラ
ック等を膠、ゼラチン、その他分散剤、保護コロイド等
を適宜用いて水に分散させたものをボールミルやロール
で分散させ、磨砕したもの、あるいはこれらを水で稀釈
したものなどを用いることができる。As the water in the present invention, tap water, industrial water and the like are generally used, but well water, river water, lake water and sea water can also be used. Examples of the carbon component of the additive in the present invention include oil smoke, pine smoke, suzu, carbon black, and the like, and the carbon component may be water-soluble by appropriately using glue, gelatin, other dispersants, protective colloids, and the like. India ink dispersed in is preferred. As the India ink, commercially available India ink can be used. Further, it is also possible to use the ink soup obtained by squeezing oily smoke, pine smoke, suze, etc. in water with water. In addition, oil smoke, pine smoke, isuzu, carbon black, etc. are dispersed in water by appropriately using glue, gelatin, other dispersants, protective colloids, etc., dispersed by a ball mill or roll and ground, or these It is possible to use those diluted with.
【０００７】また、本発明で用いるヨウ素系防腐剤は、
水の腐食を防止し、燃焼効率の向上に効果がある。本発
明で重油中に分散させる水成分は、カーボン成分として
例えば墨汁に例をとると、水に対し墨汁を０．３〜０．
００１重量％の割合で添加混合したものを用いる。一般
には０．１〜０．０１重量％程度である。これらの割合
は、重油の質や乳状燃料油の含水量、貯蔵期間等によっ
てかえることができる。また、ヨウ素系防腐剤の混合割
合は、水に対して極く少量でよい。この様にごく僅かな
量の使用ですむので作業の便宜上予めやや濃い分散液を
造っておいて、使用するときに水にこの分散液を添加し
て使用すると好便である。The iodine-based preservative used in the present invention is
It is effective in preventing water corrosion and improving combustion efficiency. The water component dispersed in the heavy oil according to the present invention is 0.3 to 0.
A mixture obtained by adding and mixing at a ratio of 001% by weight is used. Generally, it is about 0.1 to 0.01% by weight. These proportions can be changed depending on the quality of heavy oil, the water content of milky fuel oil, the storage period, and the like. Further, the mixing ratio of the iodine-based preservative may be very small with respect to water. Since such a small amount is used, it is convenient to prepare a slightly thick dispersion in advance for the convenience of work and add this dispersion to water when using it.
【０００８】また本発明では、水溶性アクリル系合成樹
脂を添加することが好ましい。更に、水に添加剤を分散
させるときに必要に応じて他の分散剤や保護コロイド等
を添加することもできる。分散剤としては例えばナフタ
リンホルマリン縮合物のスルホン酸塩、芳香族多環縮合
物のスルホン酸塩、トリアジン系分散剤、リグリン系分
散剤などがある。保護コロイドとしては例えば膠、ゼラ
チン、アルブミン、カゼインのアルカリ塩、カルボキシ
メチルセルローズ、メチルセルローズ、ヒドロキシエチ
ルセルローズ、ポリビニールアルコール、ポリビニール
ピロリドン、ボリアクリル酸塩、ポリアクリルアマイド
などがある。Further, in the present invention, it is preferable to add a water-soluble acrylic synthetic resin. Furthermore, when dispersing the additive in water, other dispersants, protective colloids, etc. can be added as necessary. Examples of the dispersant include a sulfonate of a naphthalene formalin condensate, a sulfonate of an aromatic polycyclic condensate, a triazine-based dispersant, and a ligulin-based dispersant. Examples of the protective colloid include glue, gelatin, albumin, alkali salt of casein, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid salt, and polyacrylic amide.
【０００９】本発明でいう重油とは、Ａ重油、Ｂ重油、
Ｃ重油、およびこれらの重油を適宜混合した混合重油等
である。また重質原油も使用できる。またこれらの重油
に他の燃料油を少量混入したものも用いることができ
る。重油の乳化温度は、特に規定しない。通常Ｃ重油で
は貯蔵タンクに約４０〜５０℃位の温度に保たれ、これ
が補助タンクで６０〜７０℃の温度にそしてヒーターで
９０〜１００℃前後に加熱されバーナーで燃焼されてい
るが、本発明の方法は貯蔵タンクの約４０〜５０℃の重
油を対象にして乳化することもまた補助タンクの６０〜
７０℃の重油を乳化することも可能である。また９０℃
位の温度でも乳化可能である。一般に４０〜６０℃の温
度範囲の重油が乳化の対象になるが、これより温度が低
いものも、また、温度が高いものも乳化可能である。The heavy oil referred to in the present invention is A heavy oil, B heavy oil,
C heavy oil, mixed heavy oil in which these heavy oils are appropriately mixed, and the like. Heavy crude oil can also be used. Further, a mixture of these heavy oils with a small amount of another fuel oil can be used. The emulsification temperature of heavy oil is not specified. Normally, in C heavy oil, the temperature is kept at about 40 to 50 ° C in the storage tank, which is heated to about 60 to 70 ° C in the auxiliary tank and about 90 to 100 ° C by the heater and burned by the burner. The method of the invention can also be used to emulsify heavy oil in a storage tank at about 40-50 ° C. in an auxiliary tank.
It is also possible to emulsify heavy oil at 70 ° C. 90 ° C again
It is possible to emulsify even at a temperature as high as. Generally, heavy oil in the temperature range of 40 to 60 ° C. is the object of emulsification, but those having a lower temperature and those having a higher temperature can be emulsified.
【００１０】水成分の温度は室温が用いられる。加温し
ても差支えないが一般には加温しないで良好な乳化を得
ることができる。重油に水成分を分散乳化させるには両
者を通常の攪拌装置で攪拌混合すれば十分である。例え
ば適当な攪拌機を備えた攪拌混合槽に重油と水成分とを
入れて攪拌混合すればよい。Room temperature is used as the temperature of the water component. There is no problem with heating, but generally good emulsification can be obtained without heating. In order to disperse and emulsify the water component in the heavy oil, it is sufficient to stir and mix both with a usual stirrer. For example, the heavy oil and the water component may be put into a stirring and mixing tank equipped with an appropriate stirrer and stirred and mixed.
【００１１】攪拌混合装置はいろいろのものが使用でき
る。例えば羽根型、パドル型、プロペラ型、ラセン軸
型、ラセンリボン型などいろいろの攪拌混合機を使用す
ることができる。またホモミキサ、ホモジナイザーのよ
うな乳化機も用いることができる。Various stirring and mixing devices can be used. For example, various stirring mixers such as a blade type, a paddle type, a propeller type, a spiral shaft type, and a spiral ribbon type can be used. Also, an emulsifying machine such as a homomixer or a homogenizer can be used.
【００１２】重油に水成分を攪拌混合装置で混合分散さ
せる方法として、重油中に水成分を一括して加えて混合
することも、水成分を徐々に加えて混合してもよい。あ
るいは重油と水成分を同時に加えて混合してもよい。本
発明の製造方法によって、重油７０容量％以上、水成分
３０容量％以下の割合の範囲で燃焼効率のよい安定した
乳状燃料油を製造することができる。重油中に分散する
水粒子の大きさは粒径２０μ以下のものである。As a method for mixing and dispersing the water component in the heavy oil with a stirring and mixing device, the water component may be added all at once to the heavy oil and mixed, or the water component may be gradually added and mixed. Alternatively, the heavy oil and the water component may be simultaneously added and mixed. According to the production method of the present invention, stable milky fuel oil with good combustion efficiency can be produced in the range of 70% by volume or more of heavy oil and 30% by volume or less of water component. The size of water particles dispersed in heavy oil is 20 μm or less.
【００１３】上記の配合割合の範囲をはづれて重油６５
容量％、水成分３５容量％位までの配合割合の安定した
乳状燃料油も本発明の製造方法によって製造できるが、
燃焼効率が低下してくるので経済的でない。燃焼効率、
経済性を考えると重油成分７０容量％以上、水成分３０
容量％以下が実用的である。本発明の製造方法で水に僅
かのカーボン成分及びヨウ素系防腐剤を添加分散させた
水成分が重油中に容易に分散乳化し安定な油分水滴型乳
状燃料油を造る機構について検討中であるが、親油性の
油煙、松煙、すゝ等の微細な粒子が膠、ゼラチン等の保
護コロイドにより水に安定して分散しているものが重油
中に分散することにより、油煙等の微細な粒子の重油中
への分散に伴って水もそれらの粒子について分散し、単
なる界面活性剤を乳化剤に用いる場合と異なる水の分離
や遊離のない安定した乳状物を造るものと思われる。The heavy oil 65 is deviated from the above blending ratio range.
A stable milky fuel oil having a blending ratio of up to about 35% by volume of water component can be produced by the production method of the present invention.
It is not economical because the combustion efficiency decreases. Combustion efficiency,
Considering economy, heavy oil component 70% by volume or more, water component 30
Practically less than or equal to volume%. In the production method of the present invention, a mechanism for producing a stable oil-and-water-drop type emulsion fuel oil by easily dispersing and emulsifying a small amount of carbon component and iodine-based preservative in water into heavy oil is added. , Fine particles such as lipophilic oil smoke, pine smoke, and suze are stably dispersed in water by a protective colloid such as glue and gelatin.By dispersing them in heavy oil, fine particles such as oil smoke can be obtained. It is considered that water also disperses with respect to those particles as it is dispersed in heavy oil, which makes it possible to form a stable emulsion without water separation or liberation, which is different from the case where a simple surfactant is used as an emulsifier.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】次に本発明の乳状燃料油の製造方法を実施例
によって具体的に説明する。 （実施例１）水道水２．７ｌに、ヨウ素系防腐剤を極く
少量含有した墨汁３００mlを添加混合し均一に混合され
た分散液を作製した。また水６０ｌに分散液３００mlを
添加混合し水成分を作製した。EXAMPLES Next, the method for producing a milky fuel oil of the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. (Example 1) 300 ml of India ink containing an extremely small amount of iodine preservative was added to 2.7 l of tap water and mixed to prepare a uniformly mixed dispersion liquid. A water component was prepared by adding 300 ml of the dispersion to 60 l of water and mixing.
【００１５】プロペラ型攪拌機とその上に円板状の当て
板とを備えた攪拌混合槽に約４０℃のＣ重油２００ｌを
仕込み、これに約２５℃の水成分６０ｌを仕込み、攪拌
機の回転数を約１００回／分として攪拌混合し約５分間
混合を続け、水成分を重油中に分散乳化し、本発明の油
中水滴型の乳状燃料油を製造した。この乳状燃料油は水
分を約２３容量％含有するものである。この乳状燃料油
を５００mlのメスシリンダーに入れて室温および４０〜
５０℃の温度で放置し１週間後、１年後に水の分離、遊
離の有無をメスシリンダーの外観から乳状油の顕微鏡検
査から調べたが、水の分離、遊離は見られず水の分散状
態は良好であった。To a stirring and mixing tank equipped with a propeller type stirrer and a disc-shaped backing plate thereon, 200 l of C heavy oil at about 40 ° C. was charged, and 60 l of water component at about 25 ° C. was charged therein, and the number of revolutions of the stirrer was changed. At about 100 times / min and stirring and mixing for about 5 minutes to disperse and emulsify the water component in heavy oil to produce the water-in-oil type milky fuel oil of the present invention. This milky fuel oil contains about 23% by volume of water. Put this milky fuel oil in a 500 ml measuring cylinder at room temperature and 40 ~
One week and one year after being left at a temperature of 50 ° C, the presence or absence of water separation was examined by microscopic inspection of the milky oil from the appearance of the graduated cylinder. Was good.
【００１６】次に、上記で得られた乳状燃料油につい
て、ボイラー（呉ＫＭＨ−２型 Ｍ１０Ｋ蒸気飽和ＭＰ
２４．９ｍ2 ）を使用して１時間３０分の燃焼試験を行
なったが、燃焼状況は完全燃焼で排ガス中に黒い煙は全
く見られずバーナーの燃焼の色も白色光であった。排ガ
ス中のばいじん濃度は平均０．０３８ｇ／ｍ3 Ｎであ
り、硫黄酸化物、窒素酸化物の濃度も低く燃焼状況は良
好であった。これに対し、比較のため重油を燃焼した場
合には、排ガス中に黒い煙がまじっており、バーナーの
燃焼の色も赤黄色であった。排ガス中のばいじん濃度は
平均０．１５ｇ／ｍ3 Ｎであった。また乳状燃料油の消
費量と重油の消費量を比較すると約３０％程度重油を節
約できた。また排ガス中のＳＯｘ濃度が大きく低減でき
た。Next, for the milky fuel oil obtained above, a boiler (Kure KMH-2 type M10K steam saturated MP
A combustion test was carried out for 1 hour and 30 minutes using 24.9 m 2 ). As a result, the combustion was complete combustion, no black smoke was found in the exhaust gas, and the color of the burner combustion was white light. The concentration of soot and dust in the exhaust gas was 0.038 g / m 3 N on average, and the concentrations of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides were low, and the combustion state was good. On the other hand, when heavy oil was burned for comparison, black smoke was mixed in the exhaust gas, and the burner burned in red and yellow. The soot and dust concentration in the exhaust gas was 0.15 g / m 3 N on average. Further, when comparing the consumption amount of the milky fuel oil and the consumption amount of the heavy oil, it was possible to save the heavy oil by about 30%. Further, the SOx concentration in the exhaust gas could be greatly reduced.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】本発明の乳状燃料油の製造方法の特徴、
効果等について説明すると次の通りである。 (1) 重油への水の分散乳化が容易で１年程度の期間にわ
たって水の分離遊離が少ない乳状燃料油を得ることがで
きる。 (2) 本発明の製造方法では重油成分７０容量％以上、水
３０容量％以下程度の配合割合まで燃焼良好な乳状燃料
油を得ることができる。 (3) 本発明の製造方法で得られた乳状燃料油をバーナー
で燃焼するとバーナーの炎の色は白色で燃焼し完全燃焼
し煙が出ない。これに対し重油をバーナーで燃焼すると
バーナーの炎の色は赤黄色で煙が出る。 (4) 本発明の製造方法で造られた乳状燃料油は完全燃焼
するため重油より発熱量が高く燃料の使用量が減少する
上に水分を含むので重油成分の燃料費も節約でき経済的
で、ＣＯ2 も低下する。 (5) 本発明の製造方法で造られた乳状燃料油は燃焼の廃
気は重油に比べてクリーンで無色の煙でＮＯｘ、ＳＯｘ
等も遥かに低くなる。 (6) ヨウ素系防腐剤を添加したので、水の腐食が防止さ
れ、燃焼効率の向上を図ることができる。 (7) 水溶性アクリル系合成樹脂を添加すると、分散性が
さらに向上し、燃焼効率の向上を図ることができる。 などのすぐれた特徴、効果を有する。Advantages of the method for producing a milky fuel oil according to the present invention,
The effects and the like will be described below. (1) Dispersion and emulsification of water in heavy oil is easy, and a milky fuel oil with little water separation and release over a period of about one year can be obtained. (2) According to the production method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a milky fuel oil with good combustion up to a mixing ratio of about 70% by volume of heavy oil component and about 30% by volume or less of water. (3) When the milky fuel oil obtained by the production method of the present invention is burned with a burner, the flame of the burner burns white and burns completely, and no smoke is emitted. On the other hand, when burning heavy oil with a burner, the flame color of the burner is red-yellow and smoke is emitted. (4) Since the milky fuel oil produced by the production method of the present invention completely burns, its calorific value is higher than that of heavy oil, the amount of fuel used decreases, and it also contains water, so the fuel cost of the heavy oil component can be saved and it is economical. , CO 2 also decreases. (5) The milky fuel oil produced by the production method of the present invention has a combustion waste air which is cleaner and colorless smoke than NOx and SOx as compared with heavy oil.
Etc. will be much lower. (6) Since an iodine-based preservative is added, water corrosion can be prevented and combustion efficiency can be improved. (7) When a water-soluble acrylic synthetic resin is added, dispersibility is further improved and combustion efficiency can be improved. It has excellent characteristics and effects such as.
Claims (2)
分散させたものを水成分とし、該水成分を重油中に分散
乳化させることを特徴とする油中水滴型の乳状燃料油の
製造方法。1. A method for producing a water-in-oil type emulsion fuel oil, characterized in that a water component prepared by dispersing a carbon component and an iodine-based preservative in water is dispersed and emulsified in heavy oil. .
することを特徴とする請求項１記載の乳状燃料油の製造
方法。2. The method for producing a milky fuel oil according to claim 1, further comprising adding a water-soluble acrylic synthetic resin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4294075A JP2538746B2 (en) | 1992-11-02 | 1992-11-02 | Manufacturing method of milky fuel oil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4294075A JP2538746B2 (en) | 1992-11-02 | 1992-11-02 | Manufacturing method of milky fuel oil |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06145675A true JPH06145675A (en) | 1994-05-27 |
| JP2538746B2 JP2538746B2 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
Family
ID=17802965
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4294075A Expired - Fee Related JP2538746B2 (en) | 1992-11-02 | 1992-11-02 | Manufacturing method of milky fuel oil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2538746B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000001789A1 (en) * | 1998-07-03 | 2000-01-13 | Kuretake Co., Ltd. | Water-in-oil type emulsion fuel oil |
| CN103695055A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-02 | 济南开发区星火科学技术研究院 | Heavy oil composite additive |
-
1992
- 1992-11-02 JP JP4294075A patent/JP2538746B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000001789A1 (en) * | 1998-07-03 | 2000-01-13 | Kuretake Co., Ltd. | Water-in-oil type emulsion fuel oil |
| US6471732B1 (en) | 1998-07-03 | 2002-10-29 | Kuretake Co., Ltd. | Water-in-oil type emulsion fuel oil |
| CN103695055A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-02 | 济南开发区星火科学技术研究院 | Heavy oil composite additive |
| CN103695055B (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2016-02-03 | 济南开发区星火科学技术研究院 | A kind of heavy oil composite additive |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2538746B2 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
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