JPH05286091A - 電子ビームを使用して樹脂を重合する方法およびその方法によつて得られた樹脂 - Google Patents

電子ビームを使用して樹脂を重合する方法およびその方法によつて得られた樹脂

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Publication number
JPH05286091A
JPH05286091A JP4111052A JP11105292A JPH05286091A JP H05286091 A JPH05286091 A JP H05286091A JP 4111052 A JP4111052 A JP 4111052A JP 11105292 A JP11105292 A JP 11105292A JP H05286091 A JPH05286091 A JP H05286091A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
layer
resin
polymerized
polymerization
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP4111052A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gianfranco Cirri
チリ・ジアンフランコ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PROEL TECHNOL SpA
PUROERU TECHNOL SpA
Original Assignee
PROEL TECHNOL SpA
PUROERU TECHNOL SpA
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Application filed by PROEL TECHNOL SpA, PUROERU TECHNOL SpA filed Critical PROEL TECHNOL SpA
Publication of JPH05286091A publication Critical patent/JPH05286091A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C71/04—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. for curing or vulcanising preformed articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1425—Microwave radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/434—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, fork connections or cross connections
    • B29C66/4344—Joining substantially flat articles for forming fork connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73751—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73755—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being fully cured, i.e. fully cross-linked, fully vulcanized
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0866—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using particle radiation
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
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    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】 （修正有） 【目的】マトリツクスが重合しうる樹脂よりなる、厚さ
の厚い複合材料の製品の、電子ビームを使用する、製造
技術の提供。 【構成】マトリツクスの重合を達成するために、すでに
重合した材料の樹脂層1 を第２層3 の樹脂に接合し、第
２層および第１層と第２層の間の接着区域を適当なエネ
ルギの電子ビームによつて照射する。この方法はまたす
でに重合した材料の複数の層または部分の溶着に使用す
ることができる。このことは限定されたエネルギの電子
ビーム(F) による単一位相で貫通されないようなマトリ
ツクスの重合を可能にする。連続した位相の処理は厚さ
全体を同時に処理する均一な方法による樹脂マトリツク
スの重合を可能にする。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】本発明は電子ビームを使用する製品の製造
方法および重合した樹脂を有する樹脂または複合材料の
構造に関する。重合しうる樹脂の重合または橋かけ結合
反応を得るため、通常熱的方法が使用される。この方法
はいちじるしい欠点、とくに材料の処理から生ずる熱勾
配したがつて熱応力を示す。さらに、製造される物品を
適当な炉に設置する必要性は、この方法を使用して得ら
れる製品の大きさを制限する。熱処理による欠点を解決
するため、最近、電子ビームを使用する照射による橋か
け結合の形成に対して高レベルの反応性を示す、樹脂の
重合に電子ビームを使用することが提案された。この技
術は、紙または木材の保護コーテイングの製造の分野、
およびインク、ラツカーなどの処理においてすでに広範
囲に実験的に研究され、さらに、複合材料を製造する樹
脂マトリツクスの重合において研究の主題となつてい
る。電子ビームを使用する照射による重合方法は、通常
の熱的方法に比較して重大な利点を示す。実際、電子ビ
ームを使用する技術はきわめて短時間に、かつ加熱によ
る重合方法において生ずる熱作用による構造的変形を誘
起することなく、達成することができる。
【０００２】さらに、熱的方法に比較して、重合をうけ
る構造全体が均一に処理され、電子ビームを使用する照
射を含む技術は処理の局部化、きわめて正確に電子ビー
ムを選択的に所望の区域に集中することを可能にする。
電子ビームを使用して重合される構造物表面を“掃過”
しうることは、大きい寸法の各部分の容易な処理を可能
にする。上記利点にもかかわらず、電子ビームを含む技
術は重合される材料の厚さを貫通するのに必要な大きい
ビームエネルギのため、かなりの制限をうける。電子ビ
ームが貫通する厚さはビームのエネルギおよび材料の密
度に関係する。ｚが材料の密度（g/cm3 ）と前記材料の
厚さ（cm）の積を表すものとすると（ｚは“厚さ比”ま
たは“表面質量”と称せられる量）、電子ビームのエネ
ルギＶB （eV）と電子ビームが貫通する特別の厚さｚの
関係は、 ｚ（g/cm2 ）＝ 5.1×10-7ＶB −0.26 で与えられる。この関係は１MeV に等しいかまたはそれ
より大きいビームエネルギに対して成立する。10MeV 加
速器を使用すると（工業用に使用される電子加速器は通
常５MeV を超えることはないので、これはこの型用とし
てはかなりのエネルギである）、処理しうる厚さ比(z)
はほぼ4.8 g/cm2 となる。たとえば樹脂の密度を１g/cm
3 とすると、処理しうる厚さはほぼ4.8cm となる。一
方、たとえば4.8 g/cm3 のような高密度の場合、処理し
うる厚さは１cmとなる。
【０００３】電子ビームを使用して処理しうる厚さに関
する限度の問題は、とくに複合材料構造の場合に生じ、
その厚さ比は局部的に４〜５g/cm2 を超える。最近提案
された方法（米国特許第 4,789,505号）は、電子ビーム
使用する重合（４g/cm2 以上の特別の厚さ）と電子発生
器と処理される材料の間に金属標的を介在させることに
よつて得られる（大きい厚さ用の）Ｘ線を使用する重合
の組合わせである。電子ビームは金属標的に衝突してＸ
線を発生する。Ｘ線と樹脂の相互作用は、マトリツクス
内にエネルギを放出することによつて誘起されるイオン
化によつて開始される。この方法は多くの欠点を有す
る。実際、電子ビームの標的への衝突の結果生ずるＸ線
の発生は生産性の低い方法であつて、10MeV 程度の高エ
ネルギの発生器および十分な強さのＸ線を発生するため
のかなりの動力（少なくとも10kW）を使用する必要があ
る。これはかなりの設備費用を要し、また適切な放射線
保護設備の設置を必要とするものである。さらに、重合
に使用されるＸ線はマトリツクスの特定の区域に集中す
ることができず、したがつて材料の選択された区域を処
理するという利点は失われる。
【０００４】本発明の目的は、電子ビームを含む技術の
利点を有するがその技術の特殊な欠点を有しない、ポリ
マ樹脂または複合材料などの製品または構造体を生産す
る樹脂重合方法を提供することにある。
【０００５】実質的に、本発明による方法は電子ビーム
を使用して重合しうる樹脂を重合するため使用され、す
でに重合した樹脂の層が電子ビームを使用して重合しう
るように（前記と同じまたは異なつた厚さの）樹脂の別
の層に適用される。この方法により、材料、たとえば複
数の重ねられた層の堆積による、厚い複合材料の重合を
達成することができ、連続した層の重合を達成するため
電子ビームによつて連続的に処理される。本発明による
方法は、重合される第２の樹脂層をすでに重合した第１
の樹脂の層に適用し、つづいて前記第２層を重合すると
いう認識に基づき、その材料は第１および第２層の間に
移行面の区域に（いかなる不連続性もなしに）完全な結
合を得ることができる。電子ビームを使用して重合され
る樹脂の第２層、および第１層の重合した樹脂と重合さ
れる第２層の間の接触区域の照射は、重合および／また
は橋かけ結合の現象を生ずるとともに第１層と第２層の
間の結合を生ずる。前記記載において、連続的に重ねら
れる重合しうる樹脂の層を説明したが、本発明の方法
は、下記の記載から一層明らかになるであろうところ
の、異なつた型式の構造体を製造するのにも使用され
る。
【０００６】提案される技術は（電子ビームの照射に反
応する）４g/cm2 以上の厚い、樹脂のマトリツクスまた
は純粋の樹脂の堆積層を通ずる処理をも可能とし、その
層は複数の材料の層の堆積からえられ、その材料は中位
のエネルギの電子ビームによつて連続的に照射される。
例示として、５g/cm2 の厚さのものがほぼ2.5 MeV の電
子発生器を使用して処理される５枚の１g/cm2 の層の堆
積を貫通する上記技術によつて得られる。いずれにして
も、本発明による方法は電子ビーム技術のすべての利点
（短い処理時間、ビーム集中の可能性、したがつて限定
された処理区域、熱変形作用のないこと）を保持する一
方、材料の最終的厚さに限界がなく、いちじるく減少し
たビームエネルギの使用を可能にするものである。本発
明による方法の別の有利な実施例は特許請求の範囲に記
載されている。
【０００７】本発明は、本発明を非限定的に、実際的に
開示する、下記の記載および添付図面に基づいて容易に
理解しうるであろう。図１および図２は、すでに重合し
た樹脂層と重合される層の堆積に対する、本発明による
方法の適用の第１実施例を示す。完全に一般的の意味に
おいて、樹脂の層は純粋のものとすることができ、ま
た、たとえば繊維などによつて補強された複合材料のマ
トリツクスを構成することもできる。
【０００８】図１において、符号１はすでに重合した第
１層を示し、それに重合される樹脂の第２の層３が適用
される。符号５は全体的にかつ線図的に電子銃を示し、
電子銃５は重合反応をトリガするため使用される電子ビ
ームを発生する。電子ビームＦは、厚さがｓで示された
層３およびすでに重合した層１を部分的に貫通するよう
なエネルギを有する。このようにして、層１と層３の接
触部は電子ビームＦを照射される。照射は、層３を重合
しかつ／または橋かけ結合させることに加え、層１の重
合した樹脂と層３の重合される樹脂との間に橋かけ結合
の形成を誘起する。そこで、液体から固体になり、すで
に重合している隣接層１に層３を接合する該層３の重合
を生ずる。図２は引き続く作業状態における材料を示
し、重合層９に対して重合される別の樹脂層１１が適用
され、電子ビームＦを照射される。層９は厚さｓの複数
の層よりなり、それらは９′、９″、９3 で示され、そ
れらは連続して堆積することによつて得られる。層
９′、９″、９3 の間の分離面は破線で示されており、
その訳は前記面の区域においては実際上不連続性が検出
されないからである。
【０００９】実験的操作において、それぞれ２cmの厚さ
を有し、エポキシドおよびポリウレタン・アクリレート
樹脂から作られた連続した２層（それぞれ1.19g/cm2 お
よび1.12g/cm2 の密度を有する）を重合するため、２Ｍ
eV加速器が使用された。この方法は同じ樹脂の２枚の層
を互いに重ねる際ならびに異なつた樹脂の２枚の層を連
続して重ねる際に最善の結果を得た。本発明による方法
は、重合した樹脂または複合材料の層または部分を互い
に溶着するのにも有利に使用することができる。この型
の適用は図３に線図的に示されている。符号１３および
１５はすでに重合した２層を示し、それらの間に重合さ
れる樹脂の層１７が介装される。電子銃５から発生され
た電子ビームＦは層１７の重合反応および前記層と隣接
層１３，１５の間の橋かけ結合反応をトリガする。この
場合もまた、最終製品にはほぼ不連続性がなく、隣接す
る層の間に移行区域を検出することはできない。
【００１０】前記記載において、連続した層の堆積また
は重ねられた層の溶着が実現する。しかしながら、本発
明による方法は、また種々の形式の重合しうる樹脂の複
数の構造体を接合すること、または複雑な形式の樹脂構
造を堆積させることにも使用することができる。図４に
示された適用は、それぞれ符号２１および２３で示され
た二つのすでに重合した構造が重合される樹脂の構造体
２５に接合される例である。銃５から発生された電子ビ
ームＦは構造体２１および２３の間の接触区域に衝突し
て、橋かけ結合を生じ、構造体２５を重合させる。引続
くビームＦと重合される構造体２５の間の相対運動によ
つて、重合反応を生ずるのに必要な単位質量当たりのエ
ネルギがそれに加えられる。図５は、すでに重合した三
つの構造体２７，２９，３１を相互に接合するための本
発明による方法の適用を線図的に示している。このた
め、三つの構造体の間には、重合しうる材料の節３３が
挿入され、それはついで橋掛け結合および／または重合
させるため電子ビームＦを照射される。上記技術は電子
ビームによつて重合しうる種々の型の樹脂、とくにエポ
キシドおよびポリウレタン・アクリレート樹脂に対して
実験的に実証された。
【００１１】連続層の間の溶着は引張試験ならびに電子
走査顕微鏡を使用する観察によつてチエツクされた。引
張試験における樹脂サンプルの破片は、すべての試験片
において連続層の間の接合区域の一部を構成しない点の
区域において実施され、一方顕微鏡を使用するとき不連
続性は連続層の間の移行区域に観察されなかつた。とく
に、顕微鏡を使用するとき単一層の重合によつて作られ
た試験片と連続層の重合によつて作られた試験片の間に
いかなる差異も検出されなかつた。上記技術は、それが
連続的にマトリツクスの種々の部分のおよび／または材
料のまたは製造される構造体の層の溶着を可能にするた
め、複合材料の生産においてかなり重要な位置を占め
る。これはまた、工程によつて溶着される複数の部分に
分割しうる、大きい寸法の構造体の製造を可能にし、そ
の結果一緒に溶着される隣接する部分の間に移行区域の
ない均一な重合構造体となる。さらに、本発明による方
法は複数の層および構造体の製造を可能にし、その厚さ
（およびその上記特殊な厚さ）は電子ビームを使用する
通常の方法によつては重合されない厚さである。図面は
単に本発明の実際的展示のための例示であつて、本発明
に対し本発明を構成する概念の範囲から離れることなく
型式および配置を変更することが可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】厚さが厚い重合材料の層を形成する、本発明に
よる方法の第１実施例を示す略図である。
【図２】図１とは別の第１実施例を示す略図である。
【図３】複数の重合材料の層を溶着する、本発明による
方法の第２実施例を示す略図である。
【図４】複合構造を製造する方法の適用を示す略図であ
る。
【図５】複合構造を製造する方法の適用を示す図４とは
別の略図である。
【符号の説明】
１ すでに重合した第１層 ３ 重合される第２層 ５ 電子銃 ９ 重合した第２層 11 重合される別の層 13 重合した層 15 重合した層 17 重合される中間層 21 重合した層 23 重合した層 25 構造体 27 構造体 29 構造体 33 節

Claims (5)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】 すでに重合した樹脂の第１層または部分
    に重合される樹脂の第２層または部分を適用し、この樹
    脂の第２層または部分および前記第１層と第２層または
    部分の間の接触部が電子ビームによつて照射されて前記
    第２層または部分を重合しかつ前記第１層と第２層また
    は部分の間に接合部を形成する、電子ビームを使用して
    樹脂を重合する方法。
  2. 【請求項２】 前記重合される樹脂の第２層または部分
    はすでに重合した二つの樹脂層または部分の間に挿入さ
    れ、前記二つの層または部分を相互に溶着する、請求項
    １に記載の方法。
  3. 【請求項３】 前記各層または部分は純粋な樹脂から構
    成された請求項１または２に記載の方法。
  4. 【請求項４】 前記各層または部分は重合しうる樹脂の
    マトリツクスを有する複合材料からなる請求項１または
    ２に記載の方法。
  5. 【請求項５】 請求項１から４のいずれか一項に記載の
    方法によつて得られた重合樹脂のマトリツクスを有する
    重合樹脂または複合材料の構造。
JP4111052A 1991-05-06 1992-04-30 電子ビームを使用して樹脂を重合する方法およびその方法によつて得られた樹脂 Pending JPH05286091A (ja)

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US (1) US5252265A (ja)
EP (1) EP0514351B1 (ja)
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AT (1) ATE149420T1 (ja)
DE (1) DE69217715T2 (ja)
IT (1) IT1247009B (ja)

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IT1247009B (it) 1994-12-12
DE69217715T2 (de) 1997-07-10
EP0514351B1 (en) 1997-03-05
ATE149420T1 (de) 1997-03-15
EP0514351A1 (en) 1992-11-19
DE69217715D1 (de) 1997-04-10
ITFI910100A0 (it) 1991-05-06
US5252265A (en) 1993-10-12
ITFI910100A1 (it) 1992-11-06

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