JPH05182556A - Manufacture of silver-oxide composite electric contact material - Google Patents
Manufacture of silver-oxide composite electric contact materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05182556A JPH05182556A JP34741891A JP34741891A JPH05182556A JP H05182556 A JPH05182556 A JP H05182556A JP 34741891 A JP34741891 A JP 34741891A JP 34741891 A JP34741891 A JP 34741891A JP H05182556 A JPH05182556 A JP H05182556A
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- wire
- strip
- cdo
- oxide
- powder
- Prior art date
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- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、Ag-CdO系複合電気接点
材料の線材または条材の製造方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a wire or strip of Ag-CdO composite electric contact material.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】電気接点材料として従来より、AgやAg-N
i あるいはAg-CdO系が用いられている。なかでも、Ag-N
i は低接触抵抗で消耗が少ないため、Agに代わってかな
り広汎に用いられている。また、Ag-Ni は加工やスポッ
ト溶接が容易なために台材等への固着作業の自動化が可
能となり、組立コストを安くしかも品質の安定もはかれ
るという大きな特長を有している。しかし、その反面Ag
-CdO等のAgー酸化物系と比較して消耗量が多く、耐溶着
性に劣るために小型スイッチ等の小容量領域に使用範囲
が限定されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, Ag and Ag-N have been used as electrical contact materials.
i or Ag-CdO system is used. Among them, Ag-N
Since i has low contact resistance and little wear, i is widely used instead of Ag. In addition, Ag-Ni is easy to process and spot weld, so it is possible to automate the work of fixing it to the base material, etc., which has the great advantage that the assembly cost is low and the quality is stable. However, on the other hand, Ag
-Because it consumes more than Ag-oxide systems such as -CdO and has poor welding resistance, the range of use is limited to small capacity areas such as small switches.
【０００３】近時、各産業分野における合理化、機械装
置の自動化はめざましく、これに伴い装置の大型化と複
雑化が進み、これらの制御系はむしろ小型化、動作の高
頻繁化、大容量化が要求されている。そこでAg-Ni 系が
見直されるが、上記のような点からAg-Ni の耐溶着性が
問題となり、その代替材料の開発が望まれている。Recently, the rationalization in each industrial field and the automation of mechanical devices have been remarkable, and the size and complexity of the devices have increased accordingly, and these control systems are rather downsized, the operation frequency is increased, and the capacity is increased. Is required. Therefore, the Ag-Ni system is reviewed, but from the above points, the welding resistance of Ag-Ni becomes a problem, and the development of alternative materials for it is desired.
【０００４】そこで、Ag-Ni に種々の金属元素あるいは
金属酸化物、窒化物、炭化物等を添加して特性の向上を
試みている。しかしながら、Ag-Ni 系本来の特長である
安定した接触抵抗、加工性さらにスポット溶接の容易性
が種々の添加物の混在により阻害され、いずれも満足す
べき結果は得られていない。一方、Ag-CdO系は耐溶着
性、耐消耗性等にすぐれ使用範囲がひろいが、加工性や
台材等への溶着性が問題である。これは、酸化物が台材
との界面に存在するため、スポット溶接やろう付けでの
接合強度が非酸化物系の材料と比較して著しく小さい。Therefore, attempts are being made to improve the characteristics by adding various metal elements or metal oxides, nitrides, carbides, etc. to Ag-Ni. However, the stable contact resistance, workability and easiness of spot welding, which are the original features of Ag-Ni system, are hampered by the mixture of various additives, and no satisfactory results have been obtained. On the other hand, the Ag-CdO system is excellent in welding resistance and wear resistance and has a wide range of use, but it has problems in workability and weldability to base materials. This is because the oxide is present at the interface with the base material, so that the joint strength in spot welding or brazing is significantly smaller than that of a non-oxide material.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで、これらAg-CdO
系材料にスポット溶接やろう付けが容易なための酸化物
を含まない層を形成した複合材料が考えられている。例
えば、Ag-CdO系条材とAgリボンを熱間圧着法で接合して
複合条材を得ているが、実際に台材等を接合してスイッ
チに組み込んでテストを行うと、Ag-CdOとAgとの境界か
ら剥離して所定の寿命に達しないことが多い。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Therefore, these Ag-CdO
A composite material in which an oxide-free layer is formed on the base material for easy spot welding and brazing is considered. For example, a composite strip is obtained by joining an Ag-CdO-based strip and an Ag ribbon by the hot press bonding method, but when actually joining the base material and incorporating it into the switch and performing a test, the Ag-CdO It often separates from the boundary between Ag and Ag and does not reach a predetermined life.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、Ag-CdOの線材
または条材、あるいはAg-Cd の線材または条材を内部酸
化した線材または条材、またはAg粉とCdO 粉を混合し、
この混合粉を成形・焼結した後、熱間押し出し等により
Ag-CdOの線材または条材とし、さらに内部酸化法もしく
は化学的処理法から得られるAg-CdOの粉体もしくは小片
体を成形・焼結した後、熱間押し出し等によりAg-CdOの
線材または条材に成形したものを、N2ガスとCOガスの体
積比率が1:1 〜10:1の範囲で混合された混合雰囲気中
で、400 ℃〜800 ℃の温度で電流加熱により連続的に加
熱することで、表面の酸化物層を還元させ、線材または
条材の外周にAgに富んだ還元層を形成させることで上記
問題を解決しようとするものである。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is a wire or strip of Ag-CdO, or a wire or strip of internally oxidized Ag-Cd wire or strip, or a mixture of Ag powder and CdO powder,
After molding and sintering this mixed powder, by hot extrusion etc.
Ag-CdO wire or strip, Ag-CdO powder or small pieces obtained by internal oxidation method or chemical treatment method are molded and sintered, then hot-extruded Ag-CdO wire or The material formed into a strip is continuously heated by current heating at a temperature of 400 ° C to 800 ° C in a mixed atmosphere in which the volume ratio of N 2 gas and CO gas is 1: 1 to 10: 1. By heating, the oxide layer on the surface is reduced, and a reduction layer rich in Ag is formed on the outer periphery of the wire or strip, and the above problem is solved.
【０００７】一般に、Ag-CdO系材料の酸化物を還元しよ
うとした場合、還元性ガス例えばCOと酸化物が接触した
途端、急激な反応が起こってその内部は空孔（ポア）だ
らけのスポンジ状を呈することになり、材料として極め
て脆弱な組織になってしまう。したがって、通常の方法
で線材または条材表面に還元層を形成する目的で還元性
ガスと接触させて還元層を得たとしてもその還元層が脆
弱なために台材にろう付けまたは溶接しても接点脱落等
の事故のおそれがあり、実用に供しうるものではない。Generally, when an oxide of Ag-CdO-based material is to be reduced, a rapid reaction occurs as soon as a reducing gas such as CO and the oxide come into contact with each other, and the inside thereof is full of pores. It will have a sponge shape, resulting in an extremely fragile tissue as a material. Therefore, even if a reducing layer is obtained by contacting it with a reducing gas for the purpose of forming a reducing layer on the surface of a wire or strip by a normal method, the reducing layer is fragile, so brazing or welding to the base material. However, there is a risk of accidents such as contact loss, which is not practical.
【０００８】そこで、本発明は、基本的には適度な加工
歪みを内在する線材または条材を用い、還元性ガスとし
てN2ガスとCOガスの体積比率が1:1 〜10:1の範囲とし、
還元温度を一定に保つことにより所望の還元層が得られ
ることになる。ここで、N2ガスとCOガスの体積比率を1:
1 〜10:1の範囲とした理由は、線材または条材の表面の
酸化物層を還元させる際に、所望の均一な厚さに制御す
るためにはN2ガスに対するCOガスの体積比率が1:1.1 以
上では還元速度を制御することが困難となり、さらにCO
ガス量が増加することで安全性に影響がでてくる。ま
た、N2ガスに対するCOガスの体積比率が10:1未満ではCO
ガスによる還元力が十分ではなく還元層を均一に制御す
ることができなくなるためである。In view of the above, the present invention basically uses a wire or strip material having an appropriate working strain, and the volume ratio of N 2 gas and CO gas as a reducing gas is in the range of 1: 1 to 10: 1. age,
By keeping the reduction temperature constant, a desired reduction layer can be obtained. Here, the volume ratio of N 2 gas and CO gas is 1:
The reason for setting it in the range of 1 to 10: 1 is that when reducing the oxide layer on the surface of the wire or strip, the volume ratio of CO gas to N 2 gas is set to control the thickness to a desired uniform thickness. If it is 1: 1.1 or more, it becomes difficult to control the reduction rate, and CO
As the amount of gas increases, safety will be affected. If the volume ratio of CO gas to N 2 gas is less than 10: 1, CO
This is because the reducing power of the gas is not sufficient and the reducing layer cannot be uniformly controlled.
【０００９】また、線材または条材に対し、30% 以上の
断面減少率で冷間加工を行う理由は、30% 以上の冷間加
工によりマトリックス中の酸化物近傍には、厳密には極
微細なクラックが生じており、このため後の加熱によっ
てもマトリックス中へのCO等の侵入が集中的にならず、
適度に分散されるために空孔が発生しにくいためであ
る。このような作用の相乗作用によって理想的な効果を
生じさせている。Further, the reason why cold working is performed on a wire or strip at a cross-section reduction rate of 30% or more is that the cold working of 30% or more causes, in a strict sense, an extremely fine grain in the vicinity of the oxide in the matrix. Cracks are generated, so that CO etc. does not concentrate in the matrix even after heating,
This is because voids are less likely to occur because they are dispersed appropriately. An ideal effect is produced by the synergistic action of such actions.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】以下に本発明の実施例を説明する。 第１実施例 焼結、成形、押し出しによって製造された直径4mm のAg
-13wt%CdO の線材を、伸線加工により直径2mm の線とし
た。このときの冷間加工率は75% であった。EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below. First Example 4 mm diameter Ag produced by sintering, molding and extrusion
A wire of -13wt% CdO was drawn into a wire with a diameter of 2mm. The cold working ratio at this time was 75%.
【００１１】これをN2ガスとCOガスの体積比率が1:1 の
雰囲気とした電流加熱装置により、温度が600 ℃に保持
されるように通電電流を制御して連続的に加熱すること
で、線材表面の外周に還元層を有する線材を得た。この
ときの還元層の厚さは、約0.15mmであった。これをさら
に伸線加工により直径1.8mm の線材とし、試料Ａとし
た。By using an electric current heating device in which the volume ratio of N 2 gas and CO gas is 1: 1, the energizing current is controlled so that the temperature is kept at 600 ° C. A wire having a reduction layer on the outer periphery of the surface of the wire was obtained. The thickness of the reducing layer at this time was about 0.15 mm. This was further drawn into a wire having a diameter of 1.8 mm, which was designated as sample A.
【００１２】第２実施例 焼結、成形、押し出しによって製造された直径4mm のAg
-11wt%CdO の線材を、伸線加工により直径2mm の線とし
た。このときの冷間加工率は75% であった。これをN2ガ
スとCOガスの体積比率が2:1 の雰囲気とした電流加熱装
置により、温度が800 ℃に保持されるように通電電流を
制御して連続的に加熱することで、線材表面の外周に還
元層を有する線材を得た。Second Embodiment 4 mm diameter Ag produced by sintering, molding and extruding
-11wt% CdO wire was drawn into a wire with a diameter of 2mm. The cold working ratio at this time was 75%. By using an electric current heating device in which the volume ratio of N 2 gas and CO gas was 2: 1 and controlling the energizing current to keep the temperature at 800 ° C and continuously heating the wire surface A wire having a reduced layer on the outer periphery of was obtained.
【００１３】このときの還元層の厚さは、約0.16mmであ
った。これをさらに伸線加工により直径1.8mm の線材と
し、試料Ｂとした。以下、第１実施例および第２実施例
とほぼ同様の方法で表１に示す試料Ｃ〜Ｆを作製し、こ
の試料Ａ〜Ｆの各線材を長さ2mm に切断した後、スポッ
ト溶接により台材の固着した。The thickness of the reducing layer at this time was about 0.16 mm. This was further drawn into a wire rod having a diameter of 1.8 mm, which was designated as Sample B. Samples C to F shown in Table 1 were prepared in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments, and the wire rods of the samples A to F were cut to a length of 2 mm and then spot-welded. The material is stuck.
【００１４】つぎに、成形プレスにより厚さ0.8mm 、幅
および長さを約2.5mm の角型になるように成形加工を行
った。この各接点の剪断強度を測定すると共に市販のコ
ンタクターに組み込み、電圧220V、電流78A 、力率0.35
で実装テストを行った。なお、比較のために従来例とし
て最も標準的な下記の２例を作製して比較試験を行っ
た。Next, a forming press was used to form a square having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a width and length of about 2.5 mm. Measure the shear strength of each contact and incorporate it into a commercially available contactor. Voltage 220V, current 78A, power factor 0.35
I did an implementation test. For comparison, the following two most standard conventional examples were prepared and comparative tests were conducted.
【００１５】なお、上記実施例にあたり、段階的に加熱
できる方法であれば連続炉に限るものではなく、バッチ
型炉によっても同様である。 第１従来例 厚さ5mm 、幅100mm 、長さ200mm のAg-11wt%Cd合金板
と、厚さ0.5mm 、幅100mm 、長さ200mm のAg板を重ね合
わせて熱間圧着法により接合し、冷間圧延により厚さ0.
8mm まで加工した。In the above embodiment, the method is not limited to the continuous furnace as long as it is a method capable of heating in stages, and the same applies to a batch type furnace. 1st conventional example 5 mm thick, 100 mm wide, 200 mm long Ag-11wt% Cd alloy plate and 0.5 mm thick, 100 mm wide, 200 mm long Ag plate are overlaid and bonded by hot pressing. Thickness is 0 by cold rolling.
Processed to 8 mm.
【００１６】つぎに、2.5mm ×2.5mm の大きさにプレス
打ち抜きを行い、このペレットを大気中において750 ℃
に設定した電気炉中で内部酸化処理を施し、裏側にAg層
を形成したAg-13wt%CdO 接点を得た。 第２従来例 第１従来例と同様の方法で裏側にAg層を形成したAg-11w
t%CdO 接点を得た。Next, press punching into a size of 2.5 mm × 2.5 mm was performed, and the pellets were 750 ° C. in the atmosphere.
An internal oxidation treatment was performed in the electric furnace set to 1 to obtain an Ag-13wt% CdO contact with an Ag layer formed on the back side. Second Conventional Example Ag-11w with Ag layer formed on the back side by the same method as the first conventional example
Got t% CdO contact.
【００１７】[0017]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上詳細に説明した本発明によると、表
１に示す如く、台材とのスポット溶接強度にもすぐれ、
実機による接点開閉テストにおいて極めてすぐれた効果
を有する。According to the present invention described in detail above, as shown in Table 1, the spot welding strength with the base material is excellent,
It has an extremely excellent effect in the contact opening / closing test by the actual machine.
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成４年２月２４日[Submission date] February 24, 1992
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】０００６[Correction target item name] 0006
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、Ag-CdOの線材
または条材、あるいはAg-Cd の線材または条材を内部酸
化した線材または条材、またはAg粉とCdO 粉を混合し、
この混合粉を成形・焼結した後、熱間押し出し等により
Ag-CdOの線材または条材となしたもの、さらに内部酸化
法もしくは化学的処理法から得られるAg-CdOの粉体もし
くは小片体を成形・焼結した後、熱間押し出し等により
Ag-CdOの線材または条材に成形したものを、N2ガスとCO
ガスの体積比率が1:1 〜10:1の範囲で混合された混合雰
囲気中で、400 ℃〜800 ℃の温度で電流加熱により連続
的に加熱することで、表面の酸化物層を還元させ、線材
または条材の外周にAgに富んだ還元層を形成させること
で上記問題を解決しようとするものである。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is a wire or strip of Ag-CdO, or a wire or strip of internally oxidized Ag-Cd wire or strip, or a mixture of Ag powder and CdO powder,
After molding and sintering this mixed powder, by hot extrusion etc.
Those without a Ag-CdO wire or strip material, was further molded and sintered powder or small pieces of Ag-CdO obtained from the internal oxidation or chemical treatment method, by hot extrusion, etc.
Formed Ag-CdO wire or strip into N 2 gas and CO
The oxide layer on the surface is reduced by continuously heating by current heating at a temperature of 400 ° C to 800 ° C in a mixed atmosphere in which the gas volume ratio is mixed in the range of 1: 1 to 10: 1. In order to solve the above problem, a reducing layer rich in Ag is formed on the outer circumference of a wire or strip.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.5 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｈ０１Ｈ 1/04 Ｂ 7826−5Ｇ (72)発明者 梶山 佳孝 東京都千代田区鍛冶町二丁目９番12号 株 式会社徳力本店内─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 5 Identification number Internal reference number for FI Technical indication H01H 1/04 B 7826-5G (72) Inventor Yoshitaka Kajiyama 2-9, Kajicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo No. 12 Stock Company Tokuriki Head Office
Claims (4)
スの体積比率が1:1〜10:1の範囲で混合された混合雰囲
気中で、400 ℃〜800 ℃の温度で電流加熱により連続的
に加熱することで、線材または条材の表層の酸化物を選
択的に還元せしめて線材または条材の外周に酸化物還元
層を形成させることを特徴とするAgー酸化物系複合電気
接点材料の製造方法。1. At a temperature of 400 ° C. to 800 ° C. in a mixed atmosphere in which a wire or strip of Ag-CdO is mixed in a volume ratio of N 2 gas and CO gas in the range of 1: 1 to 10: 1. Ag-oxide characterized by forming an oxide reduction layer on the outer periphery of the wire or strip by selectively reducing the oxide on the surface layer of the wire or strip by heating continuously with electric current For manufacturing a composite electric contact material.
条材を内部酸化し、その材料を断面減少率として30% 以
上の冷間加工を施し、内部酸化時の結晶粒を破壊すると
共に材料内部に加工歪を残した材料を用いることを特徴
とするAgー酸化物系複合電気接点材料の製造方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the Ag-Cd wire or strip is internally oxidized, and the material is subjected to cold working at a sectional reduction rate of 30% or more to destroy crystal grains during internal oxidation. A method for producing an Ag-oxide composite electric contact material, characterized in that a material having a working strain inside is used.
し、この混合粉を成形・焼結した後、熱間押し出し等に
よりAg-CdOの線材または条材に成形し、この材料を断面
減少率として30% 以上の冷間加工を施し、材料内部に加
工歪を残した材料を用いることを特徴とするAgー酸化物
系複合電気接点材料の製造方法。3. The Ag powder and the CdO powder according to claim 1, the Ag powder and the CdO powder are mixed, the mixed powder is molded and sintered, and then the material is molded into a wire or strip of Ag-CdO by hot extrusion or the like. A method for producing an Ag-oxide composite electrical contact material, which comprises using a material that has been subjected to cold working with a cross-sectional reduction rate of 30% or more and left a working strain inside the material.
化学処理法から得られるAg-CdOの粉体もしくは小片体を
成形・焼結した後、熱間押し出し等によりAg-CdOの線材
または条材に成形し、この材料を断面減少率として30%
以上の冷間加工を施し、材料内部に加工歪を残した材料
を用いることを特徴とするAgー酸化物系複合電気接点材
料の製造方法。4. The wire or strip of Ag-CdO according to claim 1, which is obtained by molding and sintering Ag-CdO powder or small pieces obtained by an internal oxidation method or a chemical treatment method, and then hot extruding or the like. Molded into this material, the cross-sectional reduction rate of this material is 30%
A method for producing an Ag-oxide-based composite electrical contact material, characterized by using a material that has been subjected to the above-mentioned cold working to leave a working strain inside the material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34741891A JPH05182556A (en) | 1991-12-27 | 1991-12-27 | Manufacture of silver-oxide composite electric contact material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34741891A JPH05182556A (en) | 1991-12-27 | 1991-12-27 | Manufacture of silver-oxide composite electric contact material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05182556A true JPH05182556A (en) | 1993-07-23 |
Family
ID=18390095
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34741891A Pending JPH05182556A (en) | 1991-12-27 | 1991-12-27 | Manufacture of silver-oxide composite electric contact material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05182556A (en) |
-
1991
- 1991-12-27 JP JP34741891A patent/JPH05182556A/en active Pending
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