JPH05111152A - Building grounding system and discharge cutout for coupling grounding poles - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the damage that the potential rise of one grounding pole exerts on the equipment of other grounding system when having laid grounding poles for lightning protection, power, weak electricity, and a signal independently. CONSTITUTION:A grounding pole 3 for an arrestor, a grounding pole 5 for weak electricity and a signal, and a grounding pole 6 for a power system are laid independently of one another, and the rising cables from individual grounding poles 3, 5, and 6 are connected to the connectors 8, 8', and 8'' being collected and attached inside the same connector box 7, and also grounding buses 9, 9', and 9'' for every grounding system are wired, and the connector 8, 8', and 8'' are connected through discharge cutouts 10, 10', and 10'' for coupling grounding electrodes. The discharge cutout for coupling the grounding electrodes is provided oppositely with a discharge electrode through a discharge gap, and a bifilar winding resistance line and a surge absorber are constituted so that they may be parallel with the discharge gap, and in case that the potential of one grounding pole rises at a thunderbolt, etc., the discharge cutout for coupling grounding poles operates instantaneously, which equalizes the potentials of all grounding poles.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、インテリジェントビ
ル、コンピュータ計算センター、産業施設等において、
避雷用、電力用、弱電・信号用接地極を夫々独立して施
設した時、一つの接地極の電位上昇が、他の接地系統の
機器に及ぼす被害を防ぐためのビル接地システム及び接
地極間連結放電安全器に関する。The present invention relates to an intelligent building, a computer calculation center, an industrial facility, etc.
When the grounding poles for lightning protection, electric power, and low-power / signal are independently installed, the building grounding system and the grounding pole between the building grounding system to prevent the damage of the potential rise of one grounding pole to the equipment of other grounding system. Concerning connected discharge cutout.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】電気用接地は大きく分類すると、弱電関
係の保安用接地と、電気通信、コンピュータ制御関係に
用いられる信号用電位安定化接地の二つに分類される。2. Description of the Related Art Electrical grounds can be roughly classified into two categories, that is, safety grounds for weak electric currents and potential stabilizing grounds for signals used for telecommunications and computer control.

【０００３】現在では、広い事業所用地が得難いこと、
低接地抵抗を得るためにはメッシュ接地、並列接地など
が必要であること、落雷等の時は、全部の接地が共用で
あれば事業所全体が等電位になり被害を最小限におさえ
られること等の理由から、全部の接地を共同にするいわ
ゆる共用接地が主流となっている。At present, it is difficult to obtain a large business site,
Mesh grounding, parallel grounding, etc. are required to obtain low grounding resistance, and in the case of lightning, if all grounding is shared, the entire business site will be equipotential and damage can be minimized. For the above reasons, so-called common grounding, in which all grounding is shared, is the mainstream.

【０００４】しかし、コンピュータ制御を中心とする弱
電精密機器では雑音障害排除の強い要望から、単独接地
の要望が多く、独立した単独接地を施設する場合が少な
くない。However, in weak electric precision equipment mainly for computer control, there is a strong demand for eliminating noise interference, and there are many demands for single grounding, and there are many cases where an independent single ground is provided.

【０００５】平常時は、このような単独の接地形式が理
想的であるが、一旦落雷等があると、接地極間に電位差
が生じ、対電圧性能の低い弱電機器が被害をうける例が
多く、この種の事故が後をたたない。In normal times, such a single grounding method is ideal, but once a lightning strike or the like occurs, a potential difference occurs between the grounding electrodes, and there are many cases in which weak electric equipment with low withstand voltage performance is damaged. , This kind of accident is not going away.

【０００６】従って、この対策として、夫々の接地極間
にサージアブソーバー等の避雷器を取り付けるビル接地
システムが望まれる。しかし近接落雷による接地電位上
昇などの場合には耐エネルギー性能上前記の避雷器が焼
損し役立たない場合もある。Therefore, as a countermeasure against this, a building grounding system in which a lightning arrester such as a surge absorber is mounted between the respective ground electrodes is desired. However, when the ground potential rises due to a lightning strike, the lightning arrestor may be burned out and may not be useful in terms of energy resistance.

【０００７】又、耐エネルギー性能を向上させるには
「放電ギャップ」を持った避雷器を使用すればよいが、
通常の「電路用避雷器」では放電したとき引きつづいて
商用電源による電流、いわゆる「続流」防止のため、ギ
ャップをある程度以上せばめられない。このため放電の
ための電極材料が制限される（例えば、耐熱性が強く、
溶融性の無いカーボンなどは続流遮断性能が極端に悪い
ため使用できない）。従って放電開始電圧を低くするこ
とができず、電路の絶縁破壊電圧と協調がとれない、と
いう問題点も残されていた。In order to improve the energy resistance performance, a lightning arrester having a "discharge gap" may be used.
In a normal "lightning arrester for electric circuits", when a discharge occurs, the current cannot be continued by the commercial power source, so-called "following current", so that the gap cannot be narrowed to some extent. Therefore, the electrode material for discharge is limited (for example, the heat resistance is strong,
It is not possible to use non-meltable carbon, etc. because of the extremely poor follow-current blocking performance). Therefore, the discharge starting voltage cannot be lowered, and there is a problem that it cannot be coordinated with the dielectric breakdown voltage of the electric path.

【０００８】[0008]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記のように、従来の
方法では、１．独立接地にすると、いずれかの接地極が
電位上昇したときその影響をうけ、大きな被害を生ずる
場合がある。As described above, according to the conventional method, 1. Independent grounding may cause serious damage if one of the grounding electrodes is affected by a potential rise.

【０００９】２．共用接地にすると前記１．の被害は防
げるが、平常時の雑音障害に対する処理が十分に得られ
ない。2. If common ground is used, the above 1. Although the damage of can be prevented, it is not possible to obtain sufficient processing against noise interference during normal times.

【００１０】以上の矛盾した問題点がある。There are the above contradictory problems.

【００１１】本発明は上記問題点に鑑み創案したもの
で、独立接地の利点は十分に活かし、事故発生の時は瞬
時に他の接地極との電位差を等電位にするようビル接地
システム及び接地極間連結放電安全器を提供するもので
ある。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. The advantages of independent grounding are fully utilized, and in the event of an accident, a building grounding system and grounding system are provided so that the potential difference with other grounding electrodes is instantly made equal. An inter-electrode connected discharge safety device is provided.

【００１２】[0012]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は前記課題を解決
するため創案したもので、ビルディング等の構築体にお
いて、避雷器用接地、電力系用接地、弱電、信号用接地
等を個別に独立して施設し、更に、前記単独接地極から
の立上り線を同一の接地端子箱に収めた接地端子に連結
させると共に、各接地端子間はサージアブソーバー等の
避雷器を介して連結し、平常時は電気的に絶縁されてお
り、落雷時一つの接地極の電位が急上昇した時はサージ
アブソーバー等の避雷器は瞬時に動作し、他の接地極と
連結し、すべての接地極を等電位化するようにしたもの
である。更に従来の避雷器に改良を加えたビル接地シス
テム専用の「接地極間連結放電安全器」の提案も併せ行
う。The present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in a building such as a building, grounding for a lightning arrester, grounding for a power system, weak current, grounding for a signal, etc., are independently provided. In addition to connecting the rising line from the single grounding electrode to the grounding terminal housed in the same grounding terminal box, connect each grounding terminal through a lightning arrester such as a surge absorber, and in normal times use electrical It is electrically insulated, and when the potential of one grounding electrode suddenly rises during a lightning strike, a surge arrester or other surge arrester operates instantly and connects to other grounding electrodes to make all grounding electrodes equipotential. It was done. Furthermore, we will also propose a "grounded inter-electrode discharge discharge safety device" for building grounding system, which is an improvement of the conventional lightning arrester.

【００１３】[0013]

【作用】本発明を図１、図２で説明すると、各単独接地
極３，５，６が施設してあり、若し接地極３，５，６の
何れか一つの接地極（図では避雷針の接地極３）に落雷
等で大電流が流れ高電圧が生じ電位が急上昇すると、そ
の接地系統の何処かで絶縁の弱い所、例えば電子機器の
コンセント１１のところで火花放電し、入力線を伝わっ
て電子機器１２の内部に入り、内部では更に絶縁が弱い
ので、その信号接地１３に火花放電し、他の接地系統へ
電流が流れることになる（過去この種の事故実績が非常
に多い）。そこで本発明は、図に示されるようにサージ
アブソーバー等の避雷器または接地極間連結放電安全器
１０を設置し、事故の際は瞬時に前記の絶縁破壊電圧よ
りはるかに低い電圧で接地端子箱７内で他の接地極との
間を連結し、バイパスするので連結された接地系は全て
等電位になり安全となる。また接地極間連結放電安全器
１０の作用を説明すると、端子１４，１４′の間に、前
記の電位差がかかると、まず瞬時にサージアブソーバー
が動作し、通過電流に応じて規定の制限電圧におさえ、
通過電流がふえて電位差が大きくなると、制限電圧も高
くなるが放電ギャップ１７の放電電圧に達すれば、この
間で放電し、一挙に電位差はなくなる（通過電流は大き
くなる）。The present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Each of the ground electrodes 3, 5 and 6 is installed, and if any one of the ground electrodes 3, 5 and 6 (the lightning rod in the figure is used). When a large current flows through the grounding electrode 3) of the equipment due to lightning or the like and a high voltage occurs and the potential suddenly rises, a spark is discharged at a place with weak insulation somewhere in the grounding system, for example, at the outlet 11 of an electronic device, and the input line is transmitted. Since it enters the inside of the electronic device 12 and the insulation is weaker inside the device 12, a spark discharge is made to the signal ground 13 and a current flows to another ground system (there have been many accidents of this type in the past). Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in the figure, a lightning arrester such as a surge absorber or a ground inter-electrode connected discharge safety device 10 is installed, and in the event of an accident, the ground terminal box 7 is instantly supplied with a voltage much lower than the dielectric breakdown voltage. Since it is connected to another ground electrode inside and bypassed, all the connected ground systems become equipotential and safe. The operation of the grounded inter-electrode connected discharge cutout device 10 will be described. When the above-mentioned potential difference is applied between the terminals 14 and 14 ', the surge absorber operates instantly and the specified limit voltage is set according to the passing current. Hold,
When the passing current increases and the potential difference increases, the limiting voltage also rises, but when the discharge voltage of the discharge gap 17 is reached, discharge occurs during this period and the potential difference disappears all at once (the passing current increases).

【００１４】[0014]

【実施例】図は、本発明によるビル接地システム及び接
地極間連結放電安全器の一実施例を図に基いて説明す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a building grounding system and a grounding electrode connecting discharge safety device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

【００１５】図１、図２に示すようにビルディングの接
地としては、三極の単独接地極が施設されている。この
三極の単独極取付け位置は、避雷針１、鉄骨利用引下げ
導線２、地下コンクリート壁による躯体接地極３と、そ
の他に通信制御用接地極５、電力用接地極６が前記した
ように施設してある。As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, as a ground for a building, a three-pole single ground electrode is installed. The three poles are attached to the single pole as described above, with the lightning rod 1, the steel-framed down-conducting wire 2, the earth grounding pole 3 of the underground concrete wall, and the grounding pole 5 for communication control and the grounding pole 6 for power as described above. There is.

【００１６】前記各接地極３，５，６からの立上り線４
は、接地端子箱７内に集められて取付けた接続端子８，
８′，８″…に接続され、更に接続端子８，８′，８″
…には、各接地系統毎に各接地母線９，９′，９″…が
配線されると共に、接地端子箱７内に取付けた接地極間
連結放電安全器１０，１０′，１０″…を介して各接地
極の接続端子８，８′，８″…に導線にて連結させて結
んである。Rising line 4 from each of the ground electrodes 3, 5, 6
Are the connection terminals 8 assembled and attached in the ground terminal box 7,
8 ′, 8 ″ ... and further connecting terminals 8, 8 ′, 8 ″
The grounding busbars 9, 9 ', 9 "are wired for each grounding system, and the grounding electrode interlocking discharge cutouts 10, 10', 10" are mounted in the grounding terminal box 7. Are connected and connected to the connection terminals 8, 8 ', 8 "of each ground electrode by a conductor.

【００１７】更に、室内に配した前記接地母線９，
９′，９″…のうち例えば避雷器用の母線９に接地端子
付３Ｐとコンセント１１の接地極が接続され、また通信
制御用接地極５に連結する母線９′に電子機器１２の信
号接地１３が接続してあるとする。もし、接地極間連結
放電安全器１０が無い場合は、電子機器１２はコンセン
ト１１より電源を得ているので、接地極３の電位が上昇
した場合は１１→１２→１３と夫々の絶縁を破って接地
極５へ事故電流が流れることになる。Further, the ground bus bar 9 arranged in the room,
Of the 9 ', 9 ", for example, the busbar 9 for the lightning arrester is connected to the grounding terminal 3P and the grounding pole of the outlet 11, and the busbar 9'connected to the grounding pole 5 for communication control is connected to the signal grounding 13 of the electronic device 12. If there is no ground electrode inter-connection discharge cutout device 10, the electronic device 12 receives power from the outlet 11, so if the potential of the ground electrode 3 rises, 11 → 12. → Breaking the insulation of 13 and each, an accident current will flow to the ground electrode 5.

【００１８】前記連結放電安全器１０は接地端子箱７に
複数配列して取付け収められ、夫々図３に示すように、
接続端子１４，１４′を備えた放電電極保持金具１５，
１５′と押ねじ２０で保持したカーボン製の放電電極１
６，１６′を、放電ギャップ１７をおいて対立させて取
付け、更に放電電極１６，１６′間にはテフロンチュー
ブ等に挿入したバイファイラ巻抵抗線１８、サージアブ
ソーバー１９を直列にして介在させて、ネジ２１により
放電ギャップで並列になるよう連結して構成してある。
サージアブソーバー１９の性能劣化が外部からでもわか
るように、目視出来る個所に温度ラベル２２が貼付けら
れる。この構成でバイファイラ巻抵抗線１８を用いてサ
ージアブソーバー１９の耐エネルギーの特性に応じて抵
抗値を決め、放電ギャップ１７の放電電圧との協調がと
れるようにしてある。即ち、火花ギャップ１７の放電開
始電圧をサージアブソーバー１９のサージ耐量で除した
値と抵抗線１８の抵抗値が略等しく、その電流容量もサ
ージ耐量より大となる。A plurality of the connected discharge cutouts 10 are arranged and mounted in the ground terminal box 7, and as shown in FIG.
Discharge electrode holding metal fitting 15 provided with connection terminals 14 and 14 ',
Carbon discharge electrode 1 held by 15 'and set screw 20
6, 16 'are attached opposite to each other with a discharge gap 17, and a bifilar winding resistance wire 18 and a surge absorber 19 inserted in a Teflon tube or the like are connected in series between the discharge electrodes 16, 16'. The discharge gaps are connected in parallel by screws 21.
A temperature label 22 is attached to a visible portion so that the performance deterioration of the surge absorber 19 can be seen from the outside. In this configuration, the bifilar winding resistance wire 18 is used to determine the resistance value in accordance with the energy resistance characteristic of the surge absorber 19, so that the discharge voltage of the discharge gap 17 can be coordinated. That is, the value obtained by dividing the discharge start voltage of the spark gap 17 by the surge withstand amount of the surge absorber 19 and the resistance value of the resistance wire 18 are substantially equal, and the current capacity thereof is also larger than the surge withstand amount.

【００１９】[0019]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように、単独接地を複数組
設置した時各接地端子を接地極間連結放電安全器で連結
し結んでおけば、常時は単独接地の利点を十分活かし、
異常電位上昇時は共用接地となるので接地抵抗は低くな
り、等電位化が計られ、機器損傷、更には火災発生等を
防ぐことができる。As described above, when a plurality of sets of single grounding are installed, if each grounding terminal is connected and connected with a grounding pole connected discharge cutout, the advantages of single grounding will be fully utilized at all times.
When the abnormal potential rises, the grounding is shared, so the grounding resistance is low, and the potential is equalized, which can prevent equipment damage and fire.

【００２０】また、火花電極には、続流に関係無くカー
ボンのように耐熱性で溶融痕を生じないものが用いられ
るから放電間隔も工作上可能な所まで縮めることができ
るので、本発明のビル接地システムの効果を一段と高め
ることが出来る。Further, since the spark electrode is made of a heat-resistant material which does not generate a melting mark like carbon regardless of the continuous flow, the discharge interval can be shortened to a workable position. The effect of the building grounding system can be further enhanced.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】本発明の背景となる単独接地極と接地線引留接
続端子と、接地極間連結放電安全器の配置を示した説明
図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an arrangement of a single ground electrode, a ground wire retention connection terminal, and a ground-electrode coupled discharge cutout device, which is the background of the present invention.

【図２】図１の拡大した説明図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged explanatory diagram of FIG.

【図３】本発明における接地極間連結放電安全器を示し
た正面図である。FIG. 3 is a front view showing a discharge safety device connected between ground electrodes according to the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ 避雷針 ２ 鉄骨利用引下げ導線 ３，５，６ 接地極 ４ 立上り線 ７ 接地端子箱 ８，８′，８″ 接続端子 ９，９′，９″ 接地母線 １０ 接地極間連結放電安全器 １１ コンセント １２ 電子機器 １３ 信号接地 １４，１４′ 接続端子 １５，１５′ 放電電極保持金具 １６，１６′ 放電電極 １７ 放電ギャップ １８ バイファイラ巻抵抗線 １９ サージアブソーバー ２０ ネジ ２１ 押ネジ ２２ 温度ラベル 1 Lightning rod 2 Steel wire down-conducting wire 3, 5, 6 Grounding electrode 4 Rising line 7 Grounding terminal box 8, 8 ', 8 "Connection terminal 9, 9', 9" Grounding busbar 10 Discharge device between grounding electrodes 11 Outlet 12 Electronic equipment 13 Signal ground 14, 14 'Connection terminal 15, 15' Discharge electrode holding metal fitting 16, 16 'Discharge electrode 17 Discharge gap 18 Bifilar winding resistance wire 19 Surge absorber 20 Screw 21 Set screw 22 Temperature label

【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]

【提出日】平成３年１１月１１日[Submission date] November 11, 1991

【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]

【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement

【補正対象項目名】００１７[Correction target item name] 0017

【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change

【補正内容】[Correction content]

【００１７】更に、室内に配した前記接地母線９，
９′，９″…のうち例えば避雷器用の母線９に接地端子
付３Ｐコンセント１１の接地極が接続され、また通信制
御用接地極５に連結する母線９′に電子機器１２の信号
接地１３が接続してあるとする。もし、接地極間連結放
電安全器１０が無い場合は、電子機器１２はコンセント
１１より電源を得ているので、接地極３の電位が上昇し
た場合は１１→１２→１３と夫々の絶縁を破って接地極
５へ事故電流が流れることになる。Further, the ground bus bar 9 arranged in the room,
Of the 9 ', 9 ", for example, the grounding pole of the 3P outlet 11 with a grounding terminal is connected to the busbar 9 for the arrester, and the signal grounding 13 of the electronic device 12 is connected to the busbar 9'connected to the grounding pole 5 for communication control. If the grounding inter-electrode connected discharge safety device 10 is not provided, the electronic device 12 receives power from the outlet 11, so if the potential of the grounding electrode 3 rises, 11 → 12 → Therefore, the fault current flows to the ground electrode 5 by breaking the insulation of each of them.

Claims (9)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 ビルディング等の構築体において、避雷
器用接地、電力系統用接地、弱電、信号用接地等を個別
に独立して施設し、更に前記各単独接地極からの立上り
線を、同じ接地端子箱に収めた各接地端子に接続すると
共に、各接地端子間は避雷器を介して連結し、平常時は
電気的に絶縁されており、落雷時等に１つの接地極の電
位が急上昇した場合に瞬時に前記避雷器が動作し、他の
接地極と連結し、全ての接地極を等電位化することを特
徴とするビル接地システム。1. In a structure such as a building, grounding for a lightning arrester, grounding for a power system, low voltage, grounding for a signal, etc. are individually and independently installed, and the rising lines from the individual grounding electrodes are the same grounding. When connected to each ground terminal housed in the terminal box, and also connected between each ground terminal via a lightning arrester, they are electrically insulated during normal times, and when the potential of one ground electrode rises rapidly during a lightning strike, etc. The building grounding system characterized in that the lightning arrestor is instantly activated and is connected to another grounding electrode to make all the grounding electrodes equipotential. 【請求項２】 請求項１に記載の避雷器は、半導体型の
避雷素子とバイファイラ巻きした抵抗線の直列回路へ、
火花電極を並列に接続した接地電極間連結放電安全器が
含まれる。2. The lightning arrester according to claim 1, wherein a lightning arrester of a semiconductor type and a resistance wire wound by a bifilar are connected in series.
It includes a discharge safety device connected between ground electrodes in which spark electrodes are connected in parallel. 【請求項３】 請求項２の接地電極間連結放電安全器に
含まれる前記火花電極には、カーボン製の電極が用いら
れる。3. A carbon electrode is used for the spark electrode included in the discharge safety device connected between ground electrodes according to claim 2. 【請求項４】 請求項２の接地電極間連結放電安全器に
含まれる前記バイファイラ巻きの抵抗線の抵抗値は、前
記火花放電開始電圧を、前記半導体型避雷器のサージ耐
量で除した商と略等しい値で、前記抵抗線の電流容量
は、前記半導体型避雷器のサージ耐量より大である。4. The resistance value of the bifilar wound resistance wire included in the ground electrode-to-ground electrode connected discharge cutout of claim 2 is approximately a quotient obtained by dividing the spark discharge inception voltage by the surge withstand capability of the semiconductor arrester. With equal values, the current capacity of the resistance wire is greater than the surge withstand capability of the semiconductor arrester. 【請求項５】 請求項２の前記バイファイラ巻きの抵抗
線は、線間を絶縁するために、テフロンチューブ等の絶
縁性、耐熱性のチューブに挿入している。5. The bifilar wound resistance wire of claim 2 is inserted into an insulating and heat resistant tube such as a Teflon tube in order to insulate between the wires. 【請求項６】 請求項２の前記半導体型避雷器はサージ
アブソーバーである。6. The semiconductor type lightning arrester of claim 2 is a surge absorber. 【請求項７】 請求項２の前記半導体型避雷器には、外
部より目視できる個所に温度ラベルを貼り、性能劣化が
容易にわかるようにしてある。7. The semiconductor type lightning arrester according to claim 2 is provided with a temperature label at a location visible from the outside so that deterioration in performance can be easily seen. 【請求項８】 請求項２の前記半導体型避雷器、バイフ
ァイラ巻きの抵抗線、火花電極は、接地電極間連結放電
安全器の１ユニット内に組込まれる。8. The semiconductor lightning arrester, the bifilar wound resistance wire, and the spark electrode according to claim 2 are incorporated into one unit of a ground electrode inter-connection discharge cutout. 【請求項９】 請求項２の接地電極間連結放電安全器に
は、堅牢で、耐熱性のある磁器製容器を使用する。9. A robust and heat-resistant porcelain container is used for the grounded inter-electrode discharge cutout safety device of claim 2.