JPH05107834A - Image forming device - Google Patents
Image forming deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05107834A JPH05107834A JP3299653A JP29965391A JPH05107834A JP H05107834 A JPH05107834 A JP H05107834A JP 3299653 A JP3299653 A JP 3299653A JP 29965391 A JP29965391 A JP 29965391A JP H05107834 A JPH05107834 A JP H05107834A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transfer
- image
- contact
- transfer roller
- image forming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
- Control Or Security For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、電子写真法・静電記録
法・磁気記録法などの適宜の作像プロセスによる、複写
機・プリンタなどの画像形成装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine or a printer by an appropriate image forming process such as electrophotography, electrostatic recording and magnetic recording.
【０００２】より詳しくは、電子写真感光体・静電記録
誘電体・磁気記録磁性体などの像担持体に対して接触す
る作像プロセス機器、例えば接触帯電手段・接触転写手
段等の接触手段を有する画像形成装置に関する。More specifically, an image forming process device for contacting an image bearing member such as an electrophotographic photosensitive member, an electrostatic recording dielectric member, a magnetic recording magnetic member, or a contact charging unit such as a contact charging unit or a contact transfer unit is used. The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus having the same.
【０００３】[0003]
【従来の技術】接触帯電手段は、電圧を印加した帯電部
材、例えばローラ型・ブレード型などの部材を像担持体
面に対して当接させて該像担持体面を所定の極性・電位
に帯電処理（除電処理も含む）ものであり、非接触式で
あるコロナ放電装置に比べて、印加電源の低圧化が図れ
る、オゾン等のコロナ放電生成物の発生が少ない等の利
点があり、コロナ放電装置に代わる帯電手段機器として
注目され、画像形成装置において像担持体の帯電手段と
して実用化もされている。2. Description of the Related Art A contact charging means is a charging member to which a voltage is applied, for example, a roller-type or blade-type member is brought into contact with the surface of an image carrier to charge the surface of the image carrier to a predetermined polarity and potential. (Including static elimination treatment), it has advantages such as lowering the voltage of the applied power source and less generation of corona discharge products such as ozone, etc., compared to the non-contact type corona discharge device. It has attracted attention as an alternative charging device and has been put to practical use as a charging device for an image carrier in an image forming apparatus.
【０００４】また像担持体面に形成担持させた可転写ト
ナー像を紙などの転写材に転写する転写手段としては、
ローラ型・ベルト型などの転写部材を像担持体面に当接
させ、この像担持体と転写部材の当接部（転写部位）に
転写材を導入し、転写部材には転写バイアスを印加して
像担持体側のトナー像を転写材面側へ転移させる構成の
接触転写手段が多く採択されている。Further, as a transfer means for transferring the transferable toner image formed and carried on the surface of the image carrier to a transfer material such as paper,
A transfer member such as a roller type or a belt type is brought into contact with the surface of the image carrier, the transfer material is introduced into the contact portion (transfer site) between the image carrier and the transfer member, and a transfer bias is applied to the transfer member. Many contact transfer means having a structure for transferring the toner image on the image carrier side to the transfer material surface side have been adopted.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとしている課題】上記のように像担
持体に対する接触帯電手段・接触転写手段等の接触手段
を有する画像形成装置における問題点として、像担持体
に接する帯電部材・転写部材の、環境変動に伴なう抵抗
値変化や耐久又は経時的変化に起因する帯電不良・転写
不良を見やすいことが挙げられる。As a problem in the image forming apparatus having the contact means such as the contact charging means and the contact transfer means for the image carrier as described above, the problem of the charging member and the transfer member in contact with the image carrier is as follows. One of the reasons is that it is easy to see a charging failure and a transfer failure due to a change in resistance value due to environmental changes, durability, or a change over time.
【０００６】これを接触転写手段を例にして説明する
と、接触転写で適切な転写を行なうためには、転写時に
転写材の単位面積当たりに流れる転写電流を転写材の抵
抗や巾などにかかわらず、ある範囲内に保って適量の電
荷を転写材に付与するようにする必要がある。電荷量が
不足すると転写不良を起こしたり、転写材のトナー保持
力が弱くなって、トナーの飛び散りなど画像の乱れを生
ずる。また過大な電荷を付与すると、トナーが本来の帯
電極性とは逆極性に帯電して画像がにじんでしまう現象
が起こる。This will be explained using contact transfer means as an example. In order to perform proper transfer by contact transfer, the transfer current flowing per unit area of the transfer material at the time of transfer is irrespective of the resistance and width of the transfer material. However, it is necessary to keep it within a certain range so as to apply an appropriate amount of charge to the transfer material. If the charge amount is insufficient, transfer failure may occur, or the toner holding force of the transfer material may be weakened, resulting in image disturbance such as toner scattering. Further, when an excessive charge is applied, a phenomenon occurs in which the toner is charged in a polarity opposite to the original charging polarity and the image is blurred.
【０００７】上述のように一定範囲の電流を必要するこ
とから、転写バイアス印加に当たって「定電流制御」を
行なうと、転写部材が転写材の大小サイズによって直接
像担持体に接触したり、しなかったりする事態が発生
し、転写材部分のみにほぼ一定の電流を流すと言う所期
の目的を達成することが困難であった。Since a constant range of current is required as described above, when the "constant current control" is performed when applying the transfer bias, the transfer member does not directly contact the image carrier depending on the size of the transfer material. However, it has been difficult to achieve the intended purpose of supplying a substantially constant current only to the transfer material portion.
【０００８】そこで、この定電流制御の欠点を回避する
ために「定電圧制御」とすることが考えられるが、転写
部材として利用されるローラやベルトなどは、材質によ
って差異はあるが、その抵抗値が環境、特に湿度によっ
て大きく変化し、また転写材として多用されている紙も
その抵抗の環境依存性が大であるので、転写材のサイや
種類、環境にかかわらず、安定した転写を行なうことも
また困難であった。Therefore, it is possible to use "constant voltage control" in order to avoid the disadvantages of the constant current control. The rollers and belts used as transfer members have different resistances depending on the materials. The value changes greatly depending on the environment, especially the humidity, and the resistance of the paper, which is often used as a transfer material, greatly depends on the environment. Therefore, stable transfer is performed regardless of the transfer material size, type and environment. It was also difficult.
【０００９】これらの欠点を解消するために、特に環境
によって転写部材の抵抗、転写材の抵抗が変化するのを
同時に補正すべく、転写部位に転写材が存在しないとき
には「定電流制御」を行ない、転写材が存在するときに
は、前記定電流制御時の電圧に一定電圧を加えた電圧で
「定電圧制御」するような画像形成装置が提案されてい
る。In order to eliminate these drawbacks, "constant current control" is carried out when there is no transfer material at the transfer site in order to simultaneously correct the changes in the resistance of the transfer member and the resistance of the transfer material due to the environment. An image forming apparatus has been proposed in which, when a transfer material is present, "constant voltage control" is performed by a voltage obtained by adding a constant voltage to the voltage during the constant current control.
【００１０】しかしながらそのような画像形成装置で
も、転写部材の抵抗値変動が大き過ぎると、次のような
欠点があった。However, even in such an image forming apparatus, if the resistance value variation of the transfer member is too large, there are the following drawbacks.
【００１１】（１）抵抗値が下がり過ぎた場合、吸湿紙
での画像のにじみと、乾燥紙でのトナーの飛び散りの防
止の両立が不可能となり、逆に抵抗値が上がり過ぎた場
合、乾燥紙では電流が足りずにトナーの飛び散りが発生
していた。(1) If the resistance value is too low, it becomes impossible to prevent the image bleeding on the absorbent paper and the toner scattering on the dry paper at the same time. On the contrary, if the resistance value is too high, it is dried. On paper, the current was insufficient and toner scattering occurred.
【００１２】この抵抗値変動は、１つは周囲の環境変
動、特に湿度変動によるものと、もう１つは耐久又は経
時的変化によるものがある。There are two types of resistance value fluctuations, one is due to environmental changes in the surroundings, especially humidity, and the other is due to durability or changes over time.
【００１３】耐久による抵抗値変動の例としては、転写
部材を構成している材質、例えば発泡ＥＰＤＭ等に含ま
れるオイル等の高抵抗物質のしみ出しにより低抵抗化す
る場合がある。また、経時的な抵抗値変動は発泡ＥＰＤ
Ｍを例にすると、高温低湿下で生成を行なうため、生成
直後は比較的吸湿量が少ないが、常温常湿下に放置する
ことによって徐々に吸湿し、抵抗値が経時的に下がる場
合がある。As an example of the resistance value variation due to durability, there is a case where the resistance of the transfer member is lowered by exuding a high resistance substance such as oil contained in foamed EPDM or the like. In addition, the variation of the resistance value with time is caused by the foamed EPD.
Taking M as an example, since it is generated under high temperature and low humidity, the amount of moisture absorption is relatively small immediately after generation, but it may gradually absorb moisture when left at room temperature and normal humidity, and the resistance value may decrease with time. ..
【００１４】上記例以外にも抵抗値が耐久又は経時的に
変動する場合があり、上記の欠点が防げなかった。In addition to the above examples, the resistance value may change in durability or change with time, and the above-mentioned drawbacks cannot be prevented.
【００１５】（２）転写手段が像担持体に対し圧接不良
状態のときは、転写時に転写材へ供給される電荷量が低
下し、転写不良を生じることがある。従来はこの圧接不
良の適切な検知手段がなく、転写不良が生じていた。(2) When the transfer means is in a state of poor pressure contact with the image carrier, the charge amount supplied to the transfer material at the time of transfer is reduced, which may cause transfer failure. In the past, there was no suitable means for detecting this defective press contact, resulting in defective transfer.
【００１６】（３）転写部材の交換又は清掃を行なう場
合、画像形成装置から転写部材を外した後の再装着時、
装着不良又は装着を忘れる場合がある。この場合、画像
形成時に形成画像の確認を必ずしも行なわないプリンタ
・ファックス等の装置では画像不良又は画像が出ていな
いことが後からわかることがあった。(3) When replacing or cleaning the transfer member, when the transfer member is removed from the image forming apparatus and then reattached,
Poor mounting or forgetting to mount. In this case, it may be found later that an image defect or an image does not appear in a device such as a printer or a fax machine which does not necessarily confirm the formed image during image formation.
【００１７】上記の如きことは接触帯電手段の帯電部材
についても同様の問題点である。As described above, the charging member of the contact charging means has the same problems.
【００１８】そこで本発明は、上記のように接触帯電手
段・接触転写手段等の、像担持体に対する接触手段を有
する画像形成装置において、接触手段が不良状態にある
場合において不良画像（転写不良・にじみ等の画像不
良、画像が出ない現象）が出力されてしまう無駄を防止
することを目的とする。Therefore, the present invention is an image forming apparatus having contact means for contacting an image carrier such as contact charging means and contact transfer means as described above, and when the contact means is in a defective state, a defective image (transfer failure It is an object of the present invention to prevent waste of image defects such as bleeding and a phenomenon in which no image is produced) being output.
【００１９】[0019]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、下記の構成を
特徴とする画像形成装置である。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an image forming apparatus having the following configuration.
【００２０】（１）像担持体に対する接触手段への印加
電圧または該接触手段を流れる電流を検知する手段、そ
の検知結果に基づいて検知結果が基準外のときに作動す
る対処手段を有することを特徴とする画像形成装置。(1) A means for detecting a voltage applied to the contact means with respect to the image carrier or a current flowing through the contact means, and a coping means that operates based on the detection result when the detection result is out of the standard. A characteristic image forming apparatus.
【００２１】（２）像担持体に対する接触手段が像担持
体に当接する像転写手段であることを特徴とする（１）
記載の画像形成装置。(2) The means for contacting the image carrier is an image transfer means for contacting the image carrier (1)
The image forming apparatus described.
【００２２】（３）像担持体に対する接触手段が像担持
体に当接する接触帯電手段であることを特徴とする
（１）記載の画像形成装置。(3) The image forming apparatus according to (1), wherein the contact means for contacting the image carrier is contact charging means for contacting the image carrier.
【００２３】（４）対処手段が警告表示手段であること
を特徴とする（１）記載の画像形成装置。(4) The image forming apparatus according to (1), wherein the coping means is a warning display means.
【００２４】（５）対処手段が画像形成動作禁止手段で
あることを特徴とする（１）記載の画像形成装置。(5) The image forming apparatus according to (1), wherein the coping means is an image forming operation inhibiting means.
【００２５】[0025]
【作用】像担持体に対する接触手段への印加電圧または
該接触手段を流れる電流が基準外のときは、接触手段の
抵抗値の不適切状態や、像担持体に対する接触手段の当
接不良等によって、適切な画像形成がなされ得ない状態
に装置があるときである。そこで、像担持体に対する接
触手段への印加電圧または該接触手段を流れる電流を検
知する手段、その検知結果に基づいて検知結果が基準外
のときに作動する対処手段、例えば警告表示手段や画像
形成動作禁止手段を具備させることで、接触手段が不良
状態にある場合において不良画像が出力されてしまう無
駄を防止することができる。When the voltage applied to the contact means with respect to the image carrier or the current flowing through the contact means is out of the standard, the resistance value of the contact means is inadequate or the contact means fails to contact the image carrier. , When the device is in a state where proper image formation cannot be performed. Therefore, a means for detecting a voltage applied to the contact means for the image carrier or a current flowing through the contact means, and a coping means that operates when the detection result is out of the standard based on the detection result, for example, warning display means or image formation By providing the operation inhibiting means, it is possible to prevent waste of outputting a defective image when the contacting means is in a defective state.
【００２６】[0026]
＜実施例１＞（図１〜図５） 図１に本発明に従う画像形成装置の一例の概略構成を示
した。<Example 1> (Figs. 1 to 5) Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an example of an image forming apparatus according to the present invention.
【００２７】本例の画像形成装置は、原稿台往復動型、
プロセスカートリッジ着脱式の転写式電子写真複写機で
ある。The image forming apparatus of this embodiment is a reciprocating platen type,
It is a transfer type electrophotographic copying machine with a process cartridge removable type.
【００２８】１は像担持体としての回転ドラム型の電子
写真感光体（以下、感光ドラムと記す）である。本例の
感光ドラム１はＯＰＣ感光体からなるもので、不図示の
駆動系により矢示の時計方向に所定の周速度（プロセス
スピード）をもって回転駆動される。Reference numeral 1 denotes a rotary drum type electrophotographic photosensitive member (hereinafter referred to as a photosensitive drum) as an image bearing member. The photosensitive drum 1 of this example is composed of an OPC photosensitive member, and is rotationally driven by a drive system (not shown) in the clockwise direction indicated by an arrow at a predetermined peripheral speed (process speed).
【００２９】２は感光ドラム１面に対して圧接させた接
触帯電部材としての帯電ローラであり、この帯電ローラ
２に対して電源回路３より所定の帯電バイアス電圧が印
加されることで、回転感光ドラム１面が所定の極性・電
位に接触式で一様に帯電（一次帯電）処理される。本実
施例では負帯電処理される。Reference numeral 2 denotes a charging roller as a contact charging member which is brought into pressure contact with the surface of the photosensitive drum 1. When a predetermined charging bias voltage is applied from the power supply circuit 3 to the charging roller 2, the rotary photosensitive member is rotated. The surface of the drum 1 is uniformly charged (primary charging) by a contact method to a predetermined polarity and potential. In this embodiment, negative charging processing is performed.
【００３０】４は複写機の上面板上に略水平に配設した
往復動型原稿台ガラスであり、この原稿台ガラス４上に
原稿を画像面下向きにして所定の載置基準に合せて載置
し、その上に原稿押え板５をかぶせることで原稿をセッ
トする。Reference numeral 4 denotes a reciprocating type document table glass which is disposed substantially horizontally on the upper plate of the copying machine, and the document is placed on the document table glass 4 with the image surface facing downward according to a predetermined placement standard. Then, the document is set by placing the document holding plate 5 on it.
【００３１】複写開始信号により原稿台ガラス４が図面
上左右方向に往復移動駆動され、スリット露光部６を通
過していく過程で原稿台ガラス４上のセット原稿の下向
き画像面が照明ランプ７により一辺側から他辺側に順次
に照明され、その照明光の原稿面反射光が短焦点レンズ
アレイ８により、前記帯電ローラ２による帯電処理後の
感光ドラム１面に結像露光９されることで、回転感光ド
ラム１面に原稿画像に対応した静電潜像が形成される。
その形成潜像は次いで現像装置１０により正帯電トナー
により正規現像される。The original table glass 4 is driven to reciprocate in the horizontal direction in the drawing by a copy start signal, and in the process of passing through the slit exposure section 6, the downward image surface of the set original on the original table glass 4 is illuminated by the illumination lamp 7. By sequentially illuminating from one side to the other side, the light reflected from the original surface of the illumination light is imaged and exposed 9 on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 after the charging processing by the charging roller 2 by the short focus lens array 8. An electrostatic latent image corresponding to the original image is formed on the surface of the rotating photosensitive drum 1.
The formed latent image is then normally developed by the developing device 10 with positively charged toner.
【００３２】１１は感光ドラム１面に圧接させた接触転
写部材としての転写ローラである。この転写ローラ１１
に対して電源回路１２により正帯電トナーとは反対極性
の負の転写バイアスが印加される。Reference numeral 11 denotes a transfer roller as a contact transfer member which is pressed against the surface of the photosensitive drum 1. This transfer roller 11
On the other hand, the power supply circuit 12 applies a negative transfer bias having a polarity opposite to that of the positively charged toner.
【００３３】１３は給紙トレイであり、この給紙トレイ
上の積載転写材Ｐが給紙ローラ１４と分離パッド１５の
共動により１枚宛複写機内へ給送され、レジストローラ
対１６を経て、感光ドラム１と転写ローラ１１との当接
部（転写部位）に適切なタイミングをもって供給され
て、該供給転写材面に感光ドラム１面側のトナー像が順
次に転写されていく。Reference numeral 13 denotes a paper feed tray. The stacked transfer material P on the paper feed tray is fed into the copying machine for one sheet by the cooperation of the paper feed roller 14 and the separation pad 15, and passes through the registration roller pair 16. The toner image on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 is sequentially transferred to the contact portion (transfer site) between the photosensitive drum 1 and the transfer roller 11 at an appropriate timing, and is sequentially transferred to the surface of the supplied transfer material.
【００３４】転写部位を通った転写材は感光ドラム１面
から分離されて搬送装置１８により定着装置１９へ導入
されて像定着を受け、コピー（プリント）として排紙ト
レイ２０上へ排出される。The transfer material which has passed through the transfer portion is separated from the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 and is introduced into the fixing device 19 by the conveying device 18 to undergo image fixing, and is discharged onto the discharge tray 20 as a copy (print).
【００３５】転写材に対するトナー像転写後の感光ドラ
ム１面はクリーニング装置１７で転写残りトナー等の残
留付着物の除去を受けて清浄面化され、繰り返して作像
に供される。After the toner image is transferred onto the transfer material, the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 is cleaned by a cleaning device 17 to remove residual adhering substances such as untransferred toner, and is repeatedly used for image formation.
【００３６】本例の複写機は、感光ドラム１、帯電ロー
ラ２、現像装置１０、クリーニング装置１７の４つのプ
ロセス機器について、それらを互いに所定の位置関係を
もって組み込んで、それらを一括して複写機本体に対し
て着脱自在のプロセスカートリッジ２１としてある。In the copying machine of this embodiment, the four process equipments of the photosensitive drum 1, the charging roller 2, the developing device 10 and the cleaning device 17 are assembled in a predetermined positional relationship with each other, and they are collectively processed. The process cartridge 21 is detachable from the main body.
【００３７】プロセスカートリッジ２１を複写機本体に
対して十分に挿入装着することで、複写機本体側とプロ
セスカートリッジ２１側とが機械的・電気的に相互カッ
プリングして複写機として作動可能状態となる。By fully inserting and mounting the process cartridge 21 into the main body of the copying machine, the main body of the copying machine and the process cartridge 21 side are mechanically and electrically coupled to each other to be in an operable state as a copying machine. Become.
【００３８】図２は本実施例の複写機の動作タイミング
チャートである。FIG. 2 is an operation timing chart of the copying machine of this embodiment.
【００３９】複写開始信号にもとずいてメインモータが
オンとなり、感光ドラム１の前回転動作、作像動作がな
され、所定枚数分の複写が終了して感光ドラムの後回転
動作がなされ、次の複写開始信号まで再びスタンバイと
なる。In response to the copy start signal, the main motor is turned on, the pre-rotation operation and the image formation operation of the photosensitive drum 1 are performed, the predetermined number of copies are completed, and the post-rotation operation of the photosensitive drum is performed. It becomes standby again until the copy start signal of.
【００４０】本実施例においては、図３の制御フローチ
ャートのように、前回転動作中（非通紙期間）に転写ロ
ーラ１１に対して電源１２から一定電流が流される（定
電流制御、ステップ〜）。この電流は転写極性と同
極性、すなわちマイナスの電流としている。In this embodiment, as shown in the control flowchart of FIG. 3, a constant current is supplied from the power source 12 to the transfer roller 11 during the pre-rotation operation (non-sheet passing period) (constant current control, steps 1 to 3). ). This current has the same polarity as the transfer polarity, that is, a negative current.
【００４１】そしてこのときの転写ローラ１１の電圧Ｖ
が電源回路１２にて検知され、制御回路２２で所定の下
限電圧Ｖ0 ´又は所定の上限電圧Ｖ1 ´と比較され（ス
テップ）、 Ｖ0 ´＜Ｖ＜Ｖ1 ´ であれば、転写ローラ１１の抵抗値は転写プロセスを適
切に実行できる抵抗値状態にあると判断され、複写機は
前回転動作に引続いて作像動作に移行して複写が実行さ
れる（ステップ〜）。The voltage V of the transfer roller 11 at this time is
Is detected by the power supply circuit 12 and compared with a predetermined lower limit voltage V 0 ′ or a predetermined upper limit voltage V 1 ′ by the control circuit 22 (step). If V 0 ′ <V <V 1 ′, the transfer roller The resistance value of 11 is determined to be in a resistance value state in which the transfer process can be appropriately executed, and the copying machine shifts to the image forming operation subsequent to the pre-rotation operation to execute copying (steps ~).
【００４２】また、ステップで Ｖ＜Ｖ0 ´又はＶ＞Ｖ1 ´ のときは、転写ローラ１１の抵抗値は低過ぎ又は高過ぎ
の状態にあると判断され、制御回路２２により、複写機
の操作盤等に設けた表示器２３が作動され、その旨の警
告表示がなされる。また複写機の以後の動作が中止（禁
止）される（ステップ→）。When V <V 0 ′ or V> V 1 ′ in the step, it is judged that the resistance value of the transfer roller 11 is too low or too high, and the control circuit 22 causes the copying machine to operate. The display 23 provided on the operation panel or the like is operated, and a warning display to that effect is displayed. Further, the subsequent operation of the copying machine is stopped (prohibited) (step →).
【００４３】これにより、転写ローラ１１の環境変動、
耐久等にもとづく抵抗値の低過ぎ状態又は高過ぎ状態に
起因する転写不良画像が出力される不経済が防止され
る。この場合においてその原因が転写ローラ１１の耐久
又は経時的変化と判断されるときは転写ローラ１１の交
換をおこなう。As a result, environmental fluctuations of the transfer roller 11,
It is possible to prevent uneconomical output of a transfer failure image due to an excessively low or excessively high resistance value based on durability and the like. In this case, when the cause is judged to be the durability of the transfer roller 11 or a change with time, the transfer roller 11 is replaced.
【００４４】図４は転写ローラの抵抗値と印加電圧の関
係を示すグラフ、図５は前回転動作時、すなわち転写材
が転写部位に存在していないときの転写ローラ抵抗値と
印加電圧の関係を示すグラフである。（ｃ）は電流Ｉｍ
ａｘ．、（ｄ）は電流Ｉｍｉｎ．、（ｅ）は前回転動作
時の設定定電流時のラインである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the resistance value of the transfer roller and the applied voltage, and FIG. 5 is the relationship between the transfer roller resistance value and the applied voltage during the pre-rotation operation, that is, when the transfer material is not present at the transfer site. It is a graph which shows. (C) is the current Im
ax. , (D) is the current Imin. , (E) are lines at the set constant current during the pre-rotation operation.
【００４５】図４の説明を行なう。（ａ）は画像上の
「にじみ」が発生する限界の転写ローラ抵抗と印加電圧
の関係、（ｂ）は画像上の「飛びちり」が発生する限界
の転写ローラ抵抗と印加電圧の関係であり、（ａ）のラ
インより下側かつ（ｂ）のラインより上側を同時に満た
す領域が画質を満足する。またＶ１は装置の上限電圧で
あり、出力限界である。従って斜線部に対応する抵抗値
（Ｒ０ 〜Ｒ１）が適正な転写を実行させ得る転写ロー
ラ抵抗値範囲である。このＲ0 ＜Ｒ＜Ｒ1 を満たす転写
ローラ電圧値Ｖは図５より Ｖ0´＜ Ｖ ＜ Ｖ1´ であることがわかる。そこで本実施例はＶ0´を下限電
圧とし、Ｖ1´を上限電圧として上述の制御を行なわせ
たものである。The description of FIG. 4 will be given. (A) is the relationship between the transfer roller resistance and the applied voltage at the limit where "bleeding" occurs on the image, and (b) is the relationship between the transfer roller resistance and the applied voltage at the limit where "blurring" occurs on the image. , The area below the line (a) and above the line (b) simultaneously satisfies the image quality. V 1 is the upper limit voltage of the device, which is the output limit. Therefore, the resistance value (R 0 to R 1 ) corresponding to the shaded area is the transfer roller resistance value range that allows proper transfer. It is understood from FIG. 5 that the transfer roller voltage value V satisfying R 0 <R <R 1 is V 0 ′ <V <V 1 ′. Therefore, in this embodiment, the above control is performed with V 0 ′ as the lower limit voltage and V 1 ′ as the upper limit voltage.
【００４６】以上は転写ローラ１１についての制御系で
あるが、帯電ローラ３についても上記転写ローラ１１と
同様の制御系にてその抵抗値状態の適否を判断させ、該
帯電ローラ３の抵抗値不良状態にともづく帯電不良に起
因する不良画像の無駄出力を防止することができる。Although the control system for the transfer roller 11 has been described above, the control system similar to that of the transfer roller 11 also determines whether the resistance state of the charging roller 3 is proper, and the resistance value of the charging roller 3 is defective. It is possible to prevent wasteful output of a defective image due to defective charging depending on the state.
【００４７】＜実施例２＞（図６） 本実施例は転写ローラ１１の抵抗値情報からプロセスカ
ートリッジ２１の装着の有無を判断させたものである。<Embodiment 2> (FIG. 6) In this embodiment, it is judged from the resistance value information of the transfer roller 11 whether or not the process cartridge 21 is mounted.
【００４８】図１の複写機において、プロセスカートリ
ッジ２１は複写機本体に対して紙面に垂直の方向より挿
脱される。転写ローラ１１はプロセスカートリッジ２１
の挿脱過程時は不図示の上下動手段によりプロセスカー
トリッジ２１とは干渉しない下方の逃げ位置に保持さ
れ、プロセスカートリッジ２１が装着されると感光ドラ
ム１に当接するようになっている。In the copying machine of FIG. 1, the process cartridge 21 is inserted into and removed from the main body of the copying machine in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. The transfer roller 11 is a process cartridge 21.
During the insertion / removal process of (1), it is held at a lower escape position where it does not interfere with the process cartridge 21 by a vertical movement means (not shown), and comes into contact with the photosensitive drum 1 when the process cartridge 21 is mounted.
【００４９】本実施例では、図６の動作フローチャート
のように、複写機に複写開始信号が入力した後、メイン
モータが回転し、同時に転写ローラに電圧が印加され、
定電流制御を行なう。このときの印加電圧Ｖを検知させ
る（ステップ〜）。In this embodiment, as shown in the operation flow chart of FIG. 6, after the copying start signal is input to the copying machine, the main motor rotates and at the same time the voltage is applied to the transfer roller.
Performs constant current control. The applied voltage V at this time is detected (step-).
【００５０】検知電圧Ｖが所定の一定電圧Ｖ0 以下のと
きは複写動作を引続き続行させる（ステップ→）。When the detection voltage V is equal to or lower than the predetermined constant voltage V 0 , the copying operation is continued (step →).
【００５１】逆に、所定の一定電圧Ｖ0 以上のときは、
複写動作を中止させ、またカートリッジ未装着の警告表
示を行なわせる（ステップ→）。On the contrary, when the voltage is equal to or higher than the predetermined constant voltage V 0 ,
The copying operation is stopped, and a warning that the cartridge is not installed is displayed (step →).
【００５２】これはカートリッジ２１の未装着時は転写
ローラ１１は感光ドラム１に当接していないため、イン
ピーダンスが非常に大きくなることを利用しているもの
である。This is because the transfer roller 11 is not in contact with the photosensitive drum 1 when the cartridge 21 is not mounted, and therefore the impedance is very large.
【００５３】＜実施例３＞（図７・図８） 本実施例において転写ローラ１１は不図示の上下動機構
により感光ドラム１と抵抗値検知ローラ２５との間を上
下移動制御されるようになっていて、複写機のメイン電
源スイッチＯＮによる感光ドラム１の前多回転駆動が開
始されるのとほぼ同時に転写ローラ１１を下方へ移動動
作させて抵抗検知ローラ２５に当接状態に保持させる
（感光ドラム１とは非接触、図８のステップ・）。
この状態において転写ローラ１１を電源回路１２により
定電流制御してこのときの電圧Ｖを検知させる（ステッ
プ・）。<Embodiment 3> (FIGS. 7 and 8) In this embodiment, the transfer roller 11 is controlled so as to be vertically moved between the photosensitive drum 1 and the resistance value detecting roller 25 by a vertically moving mechanism (not shown). At the same time that the front multi-rotation driving of the photosensitive drum 1 is started by turning on the main power switch of the copying machine, the transfer roller 11 is moved downward and held in contact with the resistance detection roller 25 at about the same time ( Non-contact with the photosensitive drum 1, step in FIG. 8).
In this state, the transfer roller 11 is subjected to constant current control by the power supply circuit 12 to detect the voltage V at this time (step).
【００５４】以下、実施例１の場合と同様に、その電圧
Ｖと、所定の下限電圧Ｖ0 ´又は所定の上限電圧Ｖ1 ´
との比較を行なわせ、 Ｖ0 ´＜Ｖ＜Ｖ1 ´ のときは転写ローラ１１を上方へ移動させて感光ドラム
１に当接させて複写動作を実行させる（ステップ〜
）。Hereinafter, as in the case of the first embodiment, the voltage V and a predetermined lower limit voltage V 0 ′ or a predetermined upper limit voltage V 1 ′.
When V 0 ′ <V <V 1 ′, the transfer roller 11 is moved upward and brought into contact with the photosensitive drum 1 to execute the copying operation (steps
).
【００５５】Ｖ＜Ｖ0 ´、又はＶ＞Ｖ1 ´ のときは転写ローラ１１の抵抗値が不適当であるので、
その旨の警告表示及び複写動作を中止する制御を行なわ
せて不良画像が出力される無駄を防止する（ステップ
→）。When V <V 0 ′ or V> V 1 ′, the resistance value of the transfer roller 11 is unsuitable.
A warning to that effect and control for stopping the copying operation are performed to prevent waste of a defective image (step →).
【００５６】＜実施例４＞（図９） 前述図１の複写機において、２６は湿度センサである。
複写開始信号のＯＮで湿度センサ２６により周囲の温度
状態を検知させる（ステップ１・２）。<Embodiment 4> (FIG. 9) In the copying machine of FIG. 1, 26 is a humidity sensor.
When the copy start signal is turned on, the humidity sensor 26 detects the ambient temperature state (steps 1 and 2).
【００５７】次にモータが回転し、複写機の前回転動作
中に転写ローラ１１が電源回路１２により定電流制御さ
れる（ステップ３・４）。Next, the motor rotates, and the transfer roller 11 is subjected to constant current control by the power supply circuit 12 during the pre-rotation operation of the copying machine (steps 3 and 4).
【００５８】このときの検知電圧Ｖによって制御回路２
２にて転写ローラ１１の抵抗値Ｒが演算される（ステッ
プ５・６）。The control circuit 2 is controlled by the detection voltage V at this time.
In step 2, the resistance value R of the transfer roller 11 is calculated (steps 5 and 6).
【００５９】一方、前記ステップ２の湿度検知値に応じ
て抵抗Ｒの補正値Ｒ´の演算が制御回路２２にてなされ
る（ステップ７）。例えば 相対湿度０％〜２０％のときは Ｒ×１０1 、 相対湿度２０％〜６０％までは Ｒ×１、 相対湿度６０％〜１００％までは Ｒ×１０-1 とする。On the other hand, the control circuit 22 calculates the correction value R'of the resistor R in accordance with the humidity detection value in step 2 (step 7). For example, when the relative humidity is 0% to 20%, R × 10 1 , the relative humidity 20% to 60% is R × 1, and the relative humidity 60% to 100% is R × 10 −1 .
【００６０】このとき補正後の抵抗値Ｒ´が一定範囲内 Ｒ0 ＜Ｒ´＜Ｒ1 のときは引続き複写動作に入る（ステップ８・９）。At this time, when the corrected resistance value R'is within a certain range R 0 <R '<R 1 , the copying operation is continued (steps 8 and 9).
【００６１】また補正後の抵抗値Ｒ´が一定範囲外のと
きは転写ローラ１１の抵抗値の経時変化が大き過ぎると
判断し、以後の複写動作を中止制御させ、また異常検知
の警告表示を行なわせる（ステップ８→１０）。When the corrected resistance value R'is out of the predetermined range, it is determined that the resistance value of the transfer roller 11 is too large with time, and the subsequent copying operation is controlled to be stopped, and a warning display for abnormality detection is displayed. It is performed (step 8 → 10).
【００６２】以上の各実施例において転写ローラ１１は
感光ドラム１に接触する転写ベルト、転写ドラム等であ
ってもよい。In each of the above embodiments, the transfer roller 11 may be a transfer belt, a transfer drum or the like that contacts the photosensitive drum 1.
【００６３】また接触部材は感光ドラム１に接触する帯
電ローラ、帯電ブレード、帯電ロッド等であってもよ
い。Further, the contact member may be a charging roller, a charging blade, a charging rod or the like which contacts the photosensitive drum 1.
【００６４】また、定電流制御の代わりに定電圧制御を
用いてもかまわない。Further, constant voltage control may be used instead of constant current control.
【００６５】また、制御は必ずしも画像形成前に行なう
必要はなく、画像形成後、画像形成途中でもかまわな
い。また、印加電圧の極性は転写電圧や帯電電圧と同極
性に限らず、逆極性でもかまわない。The control need not always be performed before image formation, and may be performed after image formation or during image formation. Moreover, the polarity of the applied voltage is not limited to the same polarity as the transfer voltage or the charging voltage, and may be the opposite polarity.
【００６６】[0066]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によれば、接触帯電
手段・接触転写手段等の、像担持体に対する接触手段を
有する画像形成装置において、接触手段が不良状態にあ
る場合において、転写不良・にじみ等の不良画像や画像
が出ないものが出力されてしまう無駄を防止することが
できる。As described above, according to the present invention, in the image forming apparatus having the contact means for the image carrier such as the contact charging means and the contact transfer means, the transfer failure occurs when the contact means is in a defective state. It is possible to prevent wasteful output of defective images such as bleeding and those without images.
【００６７】プロセスカートリッジ着脱式の画像形成装
置にあっては、実施例２のように装置本体に対するカー
トリッジの装着の有無の検知手段も兼ねさせることが可
能であるため、マイクロスイッチ等の専用のカートリッ
ジ検知手段の設置が不要になる等のコスト上のメリット
がある。In the process cartridge detachable type image forming apparatus, since it can also serve as a means for detecting whether or not the cartridge is attached to the apparatus body as in the second embodiment, a dedicated cartridge such as a micro switch is used. There is a cost advantage such as the need for installing detection means.
【図１】 第１の実施例装置の構成略図FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a first embodiment device.
【図２】 動作タイミングチャート[Fig. 2] Operation timing chart
【図３】 制御フローチャート[Fig. 3] Control flowchart
【図４】 転写ローラの抵抗値と印加電圧の関係グラフFIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the resistance value of the transfer roller and the applied voltage.
【図５】 転写ローラの抵抗値と印加電圧の関係グラフFIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the resistance value of the transfer roller and the applied voltage.
【図６】 第２の実施例装置の制御フローチャートFIG. 6 is a control flowchart of the second embodiment device.
【図７】 第３の実施例装置の要部図FIG. 7 is a main part diagram of an apparatus according to a third embodiment.
【図８】 制御フローチャートFIG. 8 Control flowchart
【図９】 第４の実施例装置の制御フローチャートFIG. 9 is a control flowchart of the fourth embodiment device.
１ 像担持体としての感光ドラム ２ 接触帯電ローラ ３ 帯電バイアス印加電源回路 １１ 接触転写ローラ １２ 転写バイアス印加電源回路 ２１ プロセスカートリッジ ２２ 制御回路 ２３ 警告表示手段 ２５ 抵抗値検知ローラ ２６ 湿度センサ 1 Photosensitive drum as an image carrier 2 Contact charging roller 3 Charging bias application power supply circuit 11 Contact transfer roller 12 Transfer bias application power supply circuit 21 Process cartridge 22 Control circuit 23 Warning display means 25 Resistance value detection roller 26 Humidity sensor
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 小林 克彰 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 細井 敦 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 木村 茂雄 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 草加 健作 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Katsuaki Kobayashi 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Atsushi Hosoi 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon (72) Inventor Shigeo Kimura 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Kensaku Soka 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc.
Claims (5)
または該接触手段を流れる電流を検知する手段、その検
知結果に基づいて検知結果が基準外のときに作動する対
処手段を有することを特徴とする画像形成装置。1. A means for detecting a voltage applied to a contact means for an image carrier or a current flowing through the contact means, and a coping means that operates based on the detection result when the detection result is out of the reference. Image forming apparatus.
当接する像転写手段であることを特徴とする請求項１記
載の画像形成装置。2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the contact means for contacting the image carrier is an image transfer means for contacting the image carrier.
当接する接触帯電手段であることを特徴とする請求項１
記載の画像形成装置。3. A contact charging means for contacting the image carrier is a contact charging means for contacting the image carrier.
The image forming apparatus described.
徴とする請求項１記載の画像形成装置。4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the coping means is a warning display means.
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の画像形成装置。5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the coping means is an image forming operation prohibiting means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3299653A JP3000759B2 (en) | 1991-10-18 | 1991-10-18 | Image forming device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3299653A JP3000759B2 (en) | 1991-10-18 | 1991-10-18 | Image forming device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05107834A true JPH05107834A (en) | 1993-04-30 |
| JP3000759B2 JP3000759B2 (en) | 2000-01-17 |
Family
ID=17875359
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3299653A Expired - Fee Related JP3000759B2 (en) | 1991-10-18 | 1991-10-18 | Image forming device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3000759B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08101565A (en) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-04-16 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Image forming device and its image forming process post-processing method |
| JP2005178357A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-07-07 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Abnormality-determining device and image forming device |
| US20100209128A1 (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-08-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus |
| US20230288858A1 (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus |
-
1991
- 1991-10-18 JP JP3299653A patent/JP3000759B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08101565A (en) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-04-16 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Image forming device and its image forming process post-processing method |
| JP2005178357A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-07-07 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Abnormality-determining device and image forming device |
| JP4564798B2 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2010-10-20 | 株式会社リコー | Abnormality determination apparatus and image forming apparatus |
| US20100209128A1 (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-08-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus |
| US8265499B2 (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2012-09-11 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus having transfer member bias control |
| US20230288858A1 (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3000759B2 (en) | 2000-01-17 |
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