JPH046753A - Flat plate laminated solid electrolyte type fuel cell - Google Patents
Flat plate laminated solid electrolyte type fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH046753A JPH046753A JP2106905A JP10690590A JPH046753A JP H046753 A JPH046753 A JP H046753A JP 2106905 A JP2106905 A JP 2106905A JP 10690590 A JP10690590 A JP 10690590A JP H046753 A JPH046753 A JP H046753A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- electrode
- small
- solid electrolyte
- single cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910002075 lanthanum strontium manganite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 oxygen ion Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1231—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1213—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、平板積層固体電解質型燃料電池に係り、特に
出力電力を低下させることなく、燃料電池を構成する単
セルの熱応力に対する強度を向上させた平板積層固体電
解質型燃料電池に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a flat plate stacked solid oxide fuel cell, and in particular, to improving the strength against thermal stress of a single cell constituting the fuel cell without reducing the output power. This invention relates to an improved flat plate stacked solid electrolyte fuel cell.
クリーンなエネルギー源として知られている燃料電池の
中で、固体電解質型燃料電池は、電解質の漏洩のおそれ
がなく、反応速度が大きいとして注目されている。この
種の燃料電池においては、出力電圧を高めるために基本
単位である単セルの積層数を増加させたり、出力電流を
高めるために、単セルの面積を大きくする工夫がなされ
ている。Among fuel cells known as a clean energy source, solid oxide fuel cells are attracting attention because they have no fear of electrolyte leakage and have a high reaction rate. In this type of fuel cell, efforts have been made to increase the number of layers of single cells, which are basic units, in order to increase the output voltage, and to increase the area of the single cells in order to increase the output current.
しかしながら、平板状の単セルを積層した平板積層固体
電解質型燃料電池において、単セル面積を大きくするこ
とは、単セル相互間に形成される燃料流路および空気流
路を長くすることになり、ガス流路を流れるガス濃度は
下流になるほど低くなるので、場所によって電流密度に
差が生じる。However, in a flat stacked solid oxide fuel cell in which flat unit cells are stacked, increasing the unit cell area means lengthening the fuel flow path and air flow path formed between the unit cells. Since the concentration of gas flowing through the gas flow path decreases as it goes downstream, the current density varies depending on the location.
このために同−単セル内においてさえも大きな温度差が
生じ、単セルが熱応力により破損するという問題が発生
している。また、単セルの面積を大きくするのに伴って
熱処理時に発生する熱応力が大きくなり、電極膜が剥離
し易くなるという問題も生じている。For this reason, a large temperature difference occurs even within the same single cell, resulting in the problem that the single cell is damaged due to thermal stress. Furthermore, as the area of a single cell increases, thermal stress generated during heat treatment increases, causing the problem that electrode films tend to peel off.
本発明の目的は、上記従来の平板積層固体電解質型燃料
電池の問題点を解決し、出力電力を低下させることなく
、単セルに発生する熱応力を極力小さくして単セルの破
損および電極膜の剥離を防止する平板積層固体電解質型
燃料電池を提供することにある。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional flat plate stacked solid electrolyte fuel cell, and to reduce the thermal stress generated in the single cell as much as possible without reducing the output power, thereby preventing damage to the single cell and preventing electrode membrane damage. It is an object of the present invention to provide a flat plate stacked solid electrolyte fuel cell that prevents peeling.
上記目的を達成するため本発明は、固体電解質膜と、該
固体電解質膜の両面にそれぞれ積層された酸素極膜およ
び燃料極膜とからなる単セルを多数積層した平板積層固
体電解質型燃料電池であって、前記酸素極膜および燃料
極膜をそれぞれ所定間隔で配列された、複数の小型酸素
極膜および小型燃料極膜で構成し、単セル内に固体電解
質膜を共有する単セル単位を多数形成し、該単セル単位
を並列および直列に接続したことを特徴とする。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a flat stacked solid oxide fuel cell in which a large number of single cells each consisting of a solid electrolyte membrane and an oxygen electrode membrane and a fuel electrode membrane laminated on both sides of the solid electrolyte membrane are laminated. The oxygen electrode membrane and the fuel electrode membrane are each composed of a plurality of small oxygen electrode membranes and a plurality of small fuel electrode membranes arranged at predetermined intervals, and a single cell has a large number of single cell units that share a solid electrolyte membrane. The single cell units are connected in parallel and in series.
〔作用〕
酸素極膜および燃料極膜（以下、単に電極膜と総称する
ことがある）をそれぞれ複数の小型酸素極膜および小型
燃料極膜で構成して単セル内に同一固体電解質膜を共有
する小型の単セル（以下、単セル単位という）を多数構
成し、これを並列および直列に接続することにより、直
列に接続された並列接続単セル単位群を流れる電流値が
一定となり、供給ガス濃度の低下に起因する単セル内に
おける電流の偏流が修正されるので、熱応力の発生が抑
制され電極膜の剥離および単セルの破損が防止される。[Operation] The oxygen electrode membrane and fuel electrode membrane (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as electrode membranes) are each composed of multiple small oxygen electrode membranes and small fuel electrode membranes, and the same solid electrolyte membrane is shared within a single cell. By configuring a large number of small single cells (hereinafter referred to as single cell units) and connecting them in parallel and series, the current value flowing through the parallel connected single cell units connected in series becomes constant, and the supplied gas Since the current drift within the single cell due to the decrease in concentration is corrected, the generation of thermal stress is suppressed, and peeling of the electrode film and damage to the single cell are prevented.
またこの場合、単セルとしての出力電流は従来の単セル
に較べて小さくなるが、出力電圧がその分だけ大きくな
り、全体としての出力電力は同程度に維持される。Further, in this case, although the output current as a single cell is smaller than that of a conventional single cell, the output voltage is increased accordingly, and the overall output power is maintained at the same level.
本発明において固体電解質膜としては、例えば酸素イオ
ン導伝性のＹＳＺが、酸素極膜としては、例えば電子導
電性のＬａ１−、ＸＳｒｘＭｎ０３が、また燃料極膜と
しては、例えば電子導電性のＮｉＯとＹＳＺとのサーメ
ットが用いられる。In the present invention, the solid electrolyte membrane is, for example, oxygen ion conductive YSZ, the oxygen electrode membrane is, for example, electronically conductive La1-, XSrxMn03, and the fuel electrode membrane is, for example, electronically conductive NiO. A cermet with YSZ is used.
本発明において小型電極膜の形状としては、正方形が好
ましく、固体電解質膜の所定面に、例えばタイル状に配
置、積層される。また小型電極膜相互間には、単セルの
機械的強度を向上させるために、非電子導電性のＹＳＺ
等を充堪することが好ましい。In the present invention, the shape of the small electrode membrane is preferably square, and is arranged and laminated, for example, in the form of tiles, on a predetermined surface of the solid electrolyte membrane. In addition, non-electronic conductive YSZ is placed between the small electrode films to improve the mechanical strength of the single cell.
It is preferable to satisfy the following.
つぎに本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明する。 Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.
第１図は、本発明の一実施例である平板積層固体電解質
型燃料電池を構成する単セルの一部切欠斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a single cell constituting a flat plate stacked solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
この単セルは、固体電解質膜３と、該固体電解質３の両
面にそれぞれ基盤目状に複数積層された小型酸素極膜２
および小型燃料極膜４とから主として構成されており、
小型酸素極膜２と固体電解質膜３と小型燃料極膜４とで
一つの単セル単位が構成される。すなわち、前記小型酸
素極膜２は、固体電解質膜４の当該面を一様にカバーす
るものでなく、小型の正方形状のもので、これが微小間
隔を隔ててタイル状に規則正しく配列されている。また
、固体電解質膜３の他方面に積層される小型燃料極膜４
は前記小型酸素極膜２と同じ大きさの正方形をしており
、小型酸素極膜２とは固体電解質Ｐｉ１３を介してそれ
ぞれが対称の位置に配置、積層されている。This single cell consists of a solid electrolyte membrane 3 and a plurality of small oxygen electrode membranes 2 laminated on both sides of the solid electrolyte 3 in a matrix pattern.
and a small fuel electrode membrane 4,
The small oxygen electrode membrane 2, the solid electrolyte membrane 3, and the small fuel electrode membrane 4 constitute one single cell unit. That is, the small oxygen electrode membrane 2 does not uniformly cover the surface of the solid electrolyte membrane 4, but has a small square shape, and these are regularly arranged in a tile shape with minute intervals. In addition, a small fuel electrode membrane 4 is laminated on the other side of the solid electrolyte membrane 3.
has a square shape with the same size as the small oxygen electrode membrane 2, and are arranged and stacked at symmetrical positions with the small oxygen electrode membrane 2 via the solid electrolyte Pi13.
単セル単位の小型酸素極膜２および小型燃料極膜４の表
面上には所定個数（この場合、基盤目状に配列された一
列５個）の電極膜に共通な集電用多孔板５が配置されて
いる。この集電用多孔板５は、短冊型をしており、前記
単セル単位の一部を電気的に並列に接続して電極として
はたらく。この並列接続された小型単セル群はリード線
（図示省略）によって電気的に直列に接続されている。On the surface of the small oxygen electrode membrane 2 and the small fuel electrode membrane 4 of each single cell, there is a current collecting porous plate 5 common to a predetermined number (in this case, five electrode membranes in a row arranged in a matrix pattern). It is located. This current collecting porous plate 5 has a rectangular shape, and serves as an electrode by electrically connecting some of the single cell units in parallel. The parallel-connected small single cell groups are electrically connected in series by lead wires (not shown).
すなわち一つの単セルが並列および直列に接続された複
数の単セル単位で構成されている。That is, one single cell is composed of a plurality of single cell units connected in parallel and series.
このような構成の単セルを連結部材、例えばガス通路用
多孔体を介して多数積層して燃料電池スタックが形成さ
れる。A fuel cell stack is formed by stacking a large number of single cells having such a configuration via a connecting member, for example, a porous body for gas passage.
第３図は、単セル１を多数積層した燃料電池スタックの
斜視図である。この燃料電池スタックは、単セルｌをガ
ス通路用多孔体６を介して多数積層して直列に接続した
もので、各単セル１の電極面には複数の短冊型の集電用
多孔板５が配置されている。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a fuel cell stack in which a large number of single cells 1 are stacked. This fuel cell stack is constructed by stacking a large number of single cells 1 and connecting them in series through a gas passage porous body 6, and each single cell 1 has a plurality of rectangular current collecting porous plates 5 on its electrode surface. is located.
単セルを積層する際に、単セル相互間に配置されてガス
（燃料または空気）流路となるガス通路用多孔体は、例
えば矩形のガス透過性の多孔部と、該多孔部の対向する
２辺に形成されたガスを透過させない緻密部とからなる
もので、ガスは緻密部に沿って多孔部を流れる。またガ
ス通路用多孔体６を介して隣接する二つの単セルにおけ
る上側の単セルと下側の単セルとではそれぞれ電極面が
上下逆向きになるように配置されており、ガス通路用多
孔体６を介して隣接する単セルの対向面どうしが必ず同
種の電極面となっている。単セルの燃料極面に挟まれた
ガス通路用多孔体が燃料流路、酸素極面に挟まれたガス
通路用多孔体が空気流路となる。またガス通路用多孔体
６は一つ置きに、平面上で９０度回転させた状態で積層
されており、一つ置きに燃料流路または空気流路となる
。燃料と空気とは互いに異なる流路を流れ、燃料流路と
空気流路とのガス流れ方向は互いに直交する位置関係に
ある。When stacking unit cells, a gas passage porous body that is placed between the unit cells and serves as a gas (fuel or air) flow path has, for example, a rectangular gas-permeable porous section and an opposing section of the porous section. It consists of a dense part formed on two sides that does not allow gas to pass through, and the gas flows through the porous part along the dense part. Furthermore, in the two adjacent unit cells with the gas passage porous body 6 in between, the upper unit cell and the lower unit cell are arranged so that their electrode surfaces are upside down, and the gas passage porous body Opposing surfaces of adjacent single cells with 6 in between are always the same type of electrode surfaces. The porous body for gas passage sandwiched between the fuel electrode surfaces of the single cell becomes the fuel flow path, and the porous body for gas passage sandwiched between the oxygen electrode surfaces serves as the air flow path. Moreover, every other porous body 6 for gas passage is stacked in a state rotated by 90 degrees on a plane, and every other one becomes a fuel flow path or an air flow path. The fuel and air flow through different flow paths, and the gas flow directions of the fuel flow path and the air flow path are orthogonal to each other.
第４図は、燃料電池スタック８を運転する際に用いられ
る箱体に該燃料電池スタック８を収納する概念図である
。図において、箱体９の内側は断熱材で裏張りされてお
り、四隅には収納される燃料電池スタック８と密着して
ガスをシールするためのガスシール部材１０が配置され
ている。また箱体９の外側面には上記燃料電池スタック
８に燃料を供給するための燃料供給管１１が設けられて
おり、該燃料供給管１１が設けられた面と直角に接する
一方の面には空気を供給する空気供給管１２が設けられ
ている。さらにこれら再供給管ＩＩおよび１２が設けら
れた面に対向する外側面にはそれぞれ燃料ガスまたは空
気の抜き出し管（図示省略）が設けられている。このよ
うな構成の箱体９に前記燃料電池スタフク８が、その燃
料流路が箱体９の燃料供給管１１と連通ずるように、ま
た空気流路が箱体９の空気供給管工２と連通ずるように
収納されて平板積層固体電解質型燃料電池が構成される
。FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of housing the fuel cell stack 8 in a box used when operating the fuel cell stack 8. In the figure, the inside of the box body 9 is lined with a heat insulating material, and gas seal members 10 are arranged at the four corners to tightly seal the fuel cell stack 8 housed therein. Further, a fuel supply pipe 11 for supplying fuel to the fuel cell stack 8 is provided on the outer surface of the box body 9, and one surface in contact with the surface at right angles to the surface on which the fuel supply pipe 11 is provided is provided with a fuel supply pipe 11 for supplying fuel to the fuel cell stack 8. An air supply pipe 12 for supplying air is provided. Further, a fuel gas or air extraction pipe (not shown) is provided on the outer surface opposite to the surface where the resupply pipes II and 12 are provided. The fuel cell stack 8 is installed in the box 9 having such a structure, so that its fuel flow path communicates with the fuel supply pipe 11 of the box 9, and the air flow path communicates with the air supply pipe 2 of the box 9. They are housed so as to communicate with each other to form a flat stacked solid electrolyte fuel cell.
このような構成の平板積層固体電解質型燃料電池におい
て、燃料供給管１１から燃料ガスとして例えば水素Ｆが
、空気供給管から空気Ａがそれぞれ供給される。水素Ｆ
は燃料電池スタック８の燃料流路であるガス通路用多孔
体６を流通して各単セル内の単セル単位の小型燃料極膜
４に供給され、余剰の水素Ｆは燃料電池スタック８から
流出し、箱体９の燃料抜き出し管を経て外部に取り出さ
れる。一方、空気供給管１２から供給された空気Ａは、
燃料電池スタック８の空気流路であるガス通路用多孔体
６を通り、各単セル単位の小型酸素極膜２に酸素を供給
し、空気抜き出し管を経て燃料電池外に排出される。こ
のようにして燃料と酸素が供給された各車セルの単セル
単位の電極間で電極反応が起こる。すなわち、単セル単
位の小型酸素極膜２に供給された酸素は、該小型酸素極
膜２で外部回路からの電子を受は取って酸素イオンとな
り、その後、固体電解質膜３に入って荷電単位となる。In the flat plate stacked solid oxide fuel cell having such a configuration, hydrogen F, for example, is supplied as a fuel gas from the fuel supply pipe 11, and air A is supplied from the air supply pipe. Hydrogen F
The hydrogen F flows through the gas passage porous body 6, which is the fuel flow path of the fuel cell stack 8, and is supplied to the small fuel electrode membrane 4 of each single cell in each single cell, and the excess hydrogen F flows out from the fuel cell stack 8. The fuel is then taken out to the outside through the fuel extraction pipe of the box body 9. On the other hand, the air A supplied from the air supply pipe 12 is
Oxygen is supplied to the small oxygen electrode membrane 2 of each single cell through the gas passage porous body 6, which is an air flow path of the fuel cell stack 8, and is discharged to the outside of the fuel cell through an air extraction pipe. Electrode reactions occur between the electrodes of each single cell in each vehicle cell to which fuel and oxygen are supplied in this manner. In other words, oxygen supplied to the small oxygen electrode membrane 2 in a unit of a single cell receives and receives electrons from an external circuit in the small oxygen electrode membrane 2 and becomes oxygen ions, and then enters the solid electrolyte membrane 3 and becomes a charged unit. becomes.
一方、小型燃料極膜４に供給された水素Ｆは、該小型燃
料極膜４で固体電解質１ｉｉ３中の酸素イオンと反応し
て水を形成し、電子を外部回路に放出する。全ての単セ
ル単位で同様の電極反応が生じて電気エネルギーが発生
し、発生した電気エネルギーは集電されてより強力な電
気エネルギーとして外部に取り出される。On the other hand, the hydrogen F supplied to the small fuel electrode membrane 4 reacts with oxygen ions in the solid electrolyte 1ii3 in the small fuel electrode membrane 4 to form water and release electrons to an external circuit. Similar electrode reactions occur in all single cell units to generate electrical energy, and the generated electrical energy is collected and extracted to the outside as more powerful electrical energy.
本実施例によれば、電極面積を小さくした、複数の単セ
ル単位で単セルを構成し、各車セル単位を所定数づつ並
列に接続し、この並列接続した単セル単位群をさらに直
列に連結したことにより、同一セル内における並列接続
された各車セル単位群ごとの電流値は同一になり、従来
の単セルに較べて電流の偏流が修正されたことになり発
生する熱応力を極めて小さくすることができるので、単
セルの破損および電極膜の剥離を防止できる。また本実
施例によれば、単セルごとの出力電流は従来のものに較
べて小さくなるが、出力電圧が数倍と大きくなるので、
出力電力全体としては従来のものと較べて決して小さく
なることはない。さらに本実施例によれば単セル単位の
電極膜面積を非常に小さくしたので、同一電極面におけ
る熱応力が大きくなりにり＜、熱応力による電極面の剥
離が防止できる。According to this embodiment, a single cell is constructed from a plurality of single cell units with a small electrode area, a predetermined number of each car cell unit is connected in parallel, and the group of parallel connected single cell units is further connected in series. By connecting them, the current value for each parallel-connected car cell unit group within the same cell becomes the same, and compared to conventional single cells, the current drift is corrected and the thermal stress that occurs is minimized. Since it can be made small, damage to the single cell and peeling of the electrode film can be prevented. Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the output current for each single cell is smaller than that of the conventional one, but the output voltage is several times larger.
The overall output power is never smaller than that of the conventional one. Furthermore, according to this embodiment, since the electrode film area of each single cell is made very small, the thermal stress on the same electrode surface becomes large, and peeling of the electrode surface due to thermal stress can be prevented.
本実施例において短冊型の集電用多孔板５の幅は特に限
定されないが、各車セル単位の電極膜の一辺の整数倍、
典型的には１または２倍とする。In this embodiment, the width of the rectangular current collecting porous plate 5 is not particularly limited, but may be an integral multiple of one side of the electrode film of each vehicle cell,
Typically 1 or 2 times.
また長さは、典型的には単セル単位の集合体である単セ
ルの一辺の長さと同一とするが必ずしも一致させる必要
はなく、単セル単位の配列数によっては分割が可能であ
る。この場合でも結線の都合を考慮すると二分割程度が
限度となる。Further, the length is typically the same as the length of one side of a single cell which is an aggregate of single cells, but it does not necessarily have to be the same, and division is possible depending on the number of arrays of single cells. Even in this case, considering the convenience of wiring, the limit is about two divisions.
本実施例において、単セルを連結する連結部材としてガ
ス通路用多孔体の代りにガスセパレータ兼インタコネク
タ等を用いてもよい。In this embodiment, a gas separator/interconnector or the like may be used instead of the gas passage porous body as the connecting member for connecting the single cells.
第２図は、本発明の他の実施例である平板積層固体電解
質型燃料電池を構成する単セルの一部切欠斜視図である
。図において、固体電解質膜３に積層された小型電極膜
相互間に非電子導電性の充填材７、例えばＹＳＺまたは
Ｃ８Ｚが充填されている。この単セルも前記実施例と同
様に積層、接続されて燃料電池スタックとなり、同様に
運転される。FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a single cell constituting a flat plate stacked solid oxide fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a non-electronically conductive filler 7, for example YSZ or C8Z, is filled between small electrode films laminated on a solid electrolyte membrane 3. These single cells are also stacked and connected to form a fuel cell stack in the same manner as in the previous embodiment, and are operated in the same manner.
本実施例によれば、単セルを複数の単セル単位で構成す
るとともに、該単セル単位の小型電極膜相互間に充填材
を充填したことにより、熱応力による単セルの破損およ
び剥離を防止できるうえに、単セル全体としての機械的
強度を向上させることができる。According to this example, the single cell is composed of a plurality of single cell units, and a filler is filled between the small electrode films of the single cell units, thereby preventing damage and peeling of the single cell due to thermal stress. In addition, the mechanical strength of the single cell as a whole can be improved.
〔発明の効果〕
単セルを並列および直列に接続した複数の単セル単位で
構成したことにより、出力電力を低減することなく、単
セルの熱応力による破損および剥離を防止することがで
きる。[Effects of the Invention] By configuring the single cell as a unit of a plurality of single cells connected in parallel and series, it is possible to prevent damage and peeling of the single cell due to thermal stress without reducing output power.
第１図は、本発明の一実施例である平板積層固体電解質
型燃料電池を構成する単セルの一部切欠斜視図、第２図
は、本発明の他の実施例に用いる単セルの一部切欠斜視
図、第３図は、燃料電池スタックの斜視図、第４図は、
燃料電池スタックを箱体に収納する概念図である。
１・・・単セル、２・・・小型酸素極膜、３・・・固体
電解質膜、４・・・小型燃料極膜、５・・・集電用多孔
体、６・・・ガス通路用多孔体、７・・・充填材、８・
・・燃料電池スタック、９・・・箱体、１０・・・ガス
シール用部材、１１・・・燃料供給管、１２・・・空気
供給管。FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a single cell constituting a flat plate stacked solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a single cell used in another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a fuel cell stack, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a fuel cell stack.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating how a fuel cell stack is housed in a box. 1...Single cell, 2...Small oxygen electrode membrane, 3...Solid electrolyte membrane, 4...Small fuel electrode membrane, 5...Porous body for current collection, 6...For gas passage porous body, 7... filler, 8.
... Fuel cell stack, 9... Box body, 10... Gas sealing member, 11... Fuel supply pipe, 12... Air supply pipe.
Claims (1)
酸素極膜および燃料極膜とからなる単セルを多数積層し
た平板積層固体電解質型燃料電池であって、前記酸素極
膜および燃料極膜をそれぞれ所定間隔で配列された、複
数の小型酸素極膜および小型燃料極膜で構成し、前記固
体電解質膜を共有する単セル単位を多数形成し、該単セ
ル単位を並列および直列に接続したことを特徴とする平
板積層固体電解質型燃料電池。(1) A flat laminated solid electrolyte fuel cell in which a large number of single cells each consisting of a solid electrolyte membrane and an oxygen electrode membrane and a fuel electrode membrane laminated on both sides of the solid electrolyte membrane are laminated, wherein the oxygen electrode membrane and the fuel electrode membrane are laminated. is composed of a plurality of small oxygen electrode membranes and a plurality of small fuel electrode membranes, each arranged at a predetermined interval, a large number of single cell units sharing the solid electrolyte membrane are formed, and the single cell units are connected in parallel and in series. A flat plate stacked solid electrolyte fuel cell characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2106905A JPH046753A (en) | 1990-04-23 | 1990-04-23 | Flat plate laminated solid electrolyte type fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2106905A JPH046753A (en) | 1990-04-23 | 1990-04-23 | Flat plate laminated solid electrolyte type fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH046753A true JPH046753A (en) | 1992-01-10 |
Family
ID=14445471
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2106905A Pending JPH046753A (en) | 1990-04-23 | 1990-04-23 | Flat plate laminated solid electrolyte type fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH046753A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06196197A (en) * | 1992-08-20 | 1994-07-15 | Ceramatec Inc | Module of ionic conduction device and multistage module apparatus of ionic-conduction-element laminated body in ionic conduction device |
| KR100387244B1 (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2003-06-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Monopolar cell pack of direct methanol fuel cell |
| KR20040003654A (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-13 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Generator of fuel cell |
| KR100446609B1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2004-09-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell and monopolar cell pack of direct methanol fuel cell |
-
1990
- 1990-04-23 JP JP2106905A patent/JPH046753A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06196197A (en) * | 1992-08-20 | 1994-07-15 | Ceramatec Inc | Module of ionic conduction device and multistage module apparatus of ionic-conduction-element laminated body in ionic conduction device |
| KR100446609B1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2004-09-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell and monopolar cell pack of direct methanol fuel cell |
| KR100387244B1 (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2003-06-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Monopolar cell pack of direct methanol fuel cell |
| KR20040003654A (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-13 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Generator of fuel cell |
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