JPH0464725B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0464725B2 JPH0464725B2 JP1243299A JP24329989A JPH0464725B2 JP H0464725 B2 JPH0464725 B2 JP H0464725B2 JP 1243299 A JP1243299 A JP 1243299A JP 24329989 A JP24329989 A JP 24329989A JP H0464725 B2 JPH0464725 B2 JP H0464725B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- filter
- porous ceramic
- filtration
- ceramic filter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000242759 Actiniaria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238586 Cirripedia Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910019093 NaOCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003113 dilution method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009088 enzymatic function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012045 salad Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000378 teratogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003390 teratogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、水中生物を含む水の浄化処理方法及
びその装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for purifying water containing aquatic organisms.
（従来の技術及びその問題点）
原子力発電所、火力発電所、製鉄所等において
は、海水、河川の水、湖沼水等の自然水を取水口
より取水し、冷却水系に送り込んで冷却水として
用いていた。しかし、これらの自然水には多数の
水中生物が含まれている。このため、例えば海水
を冷却水系に流すと、海中生物、例えばムラサキ
貝、イソギンチヤク、海藻の幼生物等が冷却水系
に流れ込み、配管に付着して成長するため、取水
量が減少し、設備効率が悪化していた。(Conventional technology and its problems) In nuclear power plants, thermal power plants, steel plants, etc., natural water such as seawater, river water, lake water, etc. is taken in from a water outlet and pumped into a cooling water system to be used as cooling water. I was using it. However, these natural waters contain a large number of aquatic organisms. For this reason, for example, when seawater is poured into a cooling water system, marine organisms such as mussels, sea anemones, and seaweed larvae flow into the cooling water system and grow attached to the piping, reducing the amount of water intake and reducing equipment efficiency. It was getting worse.
従来は防錆塗料を冷却水系に塗布する対策が一
般的であるが、定期的に清掃作業を必要とし、多
くの労力を要していた。しかも、フジツボ等を掻
き落しているため、機械の細部、配管内にて成長
する懐中生物は除去できない。しかも、防錆塗料
は催奇性があり、海水に溶解して冷却水系から再
び取水口付近に戻るため、奇形の魚を発生させる
ことがあり、環境上有害である。 Conventionally, a common countermeasure has been to apply anti-rust paint to the cooling water system, but this requires periodic cleaning and requires a lot of effort. Moreover, since barnacles and the like are scraped off, it is not possible to remove the microorganisms that grow in the parts of the machine and inside the pipes. Moreover, anti-corrosive paint is teratogenic and dissolves in seawater and returns to the vicinity of the water intake from the cooling water system, which can lead to the formation of deformed fish, which is environmentally harmful.
（発明に至る経過）
海中生物を網目の細かい濾布等で濾過すること
も一応考えられる。しかし、これでは圧力損失が
大きく、大規模な施設では充分な取水量を確保し
にくい。しかも、濾布等にフジツボ、イソギンチ
ヤク等が容易に付着し、速やかに成長するため、
取水量が経時的に著しく減少し、閉塞することと
なる。(Process leading up to the invention) It is also conceivable to filter marine life using a fine-mesh filter cloth or the like. However, this causes a large pressure loss, making it difficult to secure a sufficient amount of water intake in large-scale facilities. Moreover, barnacles, sea anemones, etc. easily attach to filter cloth and grow rapidly.
Water intake decreases significantly over time, leading to blockages.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
本発明の課題は、水中生物を濾過して取水を清
浄化でき、しかもフイルターに付着、成長する水
中生物を簡単に、効果的に除去してフイルターの
目詰まりを防止できるような、水の浄化処理方法
及びその装置を提供することである。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) An object of the present invention is to filter out aquatic organisms to purify intake water, and to easily and effectively remove aquatic organisms that adhere to and grow on the filter to prevent clogging of the filter. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water purification treatment method and an apparatus therefor, which can prevent the above-mentioned problems.
（課題を解決するための手段）
本発明の水の浄化処理方法は、少なくとも水中
生物を含有する水を濾過容器内へと供給し、この
濾過容器内に設けられた多孔質セラミツクフイル
ターによつて前記水を濾過し、既濾過の水を前記
濾過容器から排出する濾過・排出工程と；前記濾
過・排出工程を実施している間前記多孔質セラミ
ツクフイルターの目詰まり状態を検知して、目詰
まり状態であると判断されたときは前記濾過容器
内への水の供給を停止して前記濾過・排出工程を
中断し、前記濾過容器内の未濾過の水を少なくと
も一部排出し、次いで前記水中生物に対して有毒
な薬液を前記濾過容器内へと供給し、前記多孔質
セラミツクフイルターに付着した前記水中生物を
被毒処理し、しかる後に前記多孔質セラミツクフ
イルターに逆洗流体を噴射し、被毒処理後の前記
水中生物を前記多孔質セラミツクフイルターから
除去する被毒・逆洗工程と；前記被毒・逆洗工程
を実施した後に濾過容器から排出された前記薬液
を無害化処理する薬液無害化処理工程とを有する
ことを特徴とするものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) The water purification method of the present invention supplies water containing at least aquatic organisms into a filtration container, and a porous ceramic filter provided in the filtration container. a filtration/discharge step of filtering the water and discharging already filtered water from the filtration container; detecting a clogging state of the porous ceramic filter while performing the filtration/discharge step; When it is determined that the condition is present, the supply of water to the filtration container is stopped, the filtration/discharge process is interrupted, at least a portion of the unfiltered water in the filtration container is discharged, and then the unfiltered water in the filtration container is A chemical solution toxic to living organisms is supplied into the filtration container to poison the aquatic organisms adhering to the porous ceramic filter, and then a backwash fluid is injected to the porous ceramic filter to remove the poisonous organisms. a poisoning/backwashing step for removing the aquatic organisms from the porous ceramic filter after being poisoned; It is characterized by having a chemical treatment step.
また、本発明の水の浄化処理装置は、濾過容器
と、この濾過容器を水供給室と水排出室とに区分
する仕切り部と、少なくとも水中生物を含有する
水を前記水供給室へと供給するための水供給口
と、前記仕切り部に固定された、前記水供給室内
の水を濾過する多孔質セラミツクフイルターと、
既濾過の水を前記水供給室から排出するための排
出口とからなる濾過・排出部と；前記多孔質セラ
ミツクフイルターの目詰まり状態を検知する目詰
まり検知手段と、この目詰まり検知手段により前
記多孔質セラミツクツフイルターが目詰まり状態
だと判断されたとき、前記水供給室への前記水の
供給を停止するための供給停止手段と、前記水中
生物に対し有毒な薬液を前記濾過容器内へと供給
する薬液供給手段と、前記多孔質セラミツクフイ
ルターに逆洗流体を噴射するための逆洗流体噴射
手段とからなり被毒・逆洗部と；前記被毒・逆洗
部の濾過容器から排出された前記薬液を無害化処
理する薬液無害化処理部とからなることを特徴と
するものである。 Further, the water purification treatment device of the present invention includes a filtration container, a partition portion that divides the filtration container into a water supply chamber and a water discharge chamber, and a partition portion that supplies water containing at least aquatic organisms to the water supply chamber. a porous ceramic filter fixed to the partition for filtering water in the water supply chamber;
a filtration/discharge unit comprising a discharge port for discharging filtered water from the water supply chamber; clogging detection means for detecting the clogging state of the porous ceramic filter; supply stop means for stopping the supply of water to the water supply chamber when it is determined that the porous ceramic filter is in a clogged state; and supplying a chemical solution toxic to the aquatic organisms into the filtration container. a poisoning/backwashing section comprising a chemical solution supplying means for supplying a chemical solution, and a backwashing fluid injection means for injecting a backwashing fluid to the porous ceramic filter; and a poisoning/backwashing section; and a chemical liquid detoxification processing section that detoxifies the chemical liquid.
「濾過容器」は密封形状とし、濾過容器の下側
から水を供給し、上側から既濾過の水を排出する
のが好ましい。 It is preferable that the "filtering container" be in a sealed shape, and water is supplied from the bottom of the filtration container, and filtered water is discharged from the top.
「フイルター」は、多孔質セラミツクで形成す
るのが好ましいが、円筒状、四角筒状、六角筒
状、上下押圧板、板状等であつてよい。又、フイ
ルタの気孔径は接触側を細かくし、濾過能力を上
げ、放出側は圧力損失減少の為気孔径を粗くした
構造のものとするのが好ましい（例えば接触側
60μｍ、放出側400μｍとする。）
「フイルターの目詰まり状態に合わせて濾過容
器内への水の供給を停止する」とは、フイルター
の目詰まりを圧力計で検知して水の供給を停止す
る場合の他、目視によつて目詰まりを見積る場
合、最初にフイルターの目詰りが起るまでの時間
を計測し、その後はその計測時間に合わせてタイ
マをセツトし、一定時間毎に自動的に逆洗を行う
場合を含む。 The "filter" is preferably formed of porous ceramic, but may have a cylindrical shape, a square tube shape, a hexagonal tube shape, an upper and lower pressing plate, a plate shape, etc. In addition, it is preferable that the pore size of the filter is made smaller on the contact side to increase the filtration capacity, and the pore size on the discharge side is made coarser to reduce pressure loss (for example, the pore size on the contact side is made coarser).
60μm, emission side 400μm. ) "Stopping the water supply to the filtration container when the filter is clogged" means that in addition to stopping the water supply when the filter is clogged with a pressure gauge, the water supply can be stopped by visual inspection. When estimating clogging, the time required for the filter to become clogged is first measured, and then a timer is set according to the measured time to automatically perform backwashing at regular intervals.
濾過容器内への水の供給の停止は例えば弁で行
う。 The supply of water into the filtration container is stopped, for example, by a valve.
「水中生物に対して有毒な薬液」は、例えば各
種酸化剤があるが、特にOCl−イオン、Cl−イオ
ンを遊離するものが好ましく、更にはサラシ粉や
アルカリ金属の次亜塩素酸塩（特にNaOCl）が
好ましい。 Examples of "chemical solutions that are toxic to aquatic organisms" include various oxidizing agents, but those that liberate OCl- ions and Cl- ions are particularly preferred. NaOCl) is preferred.
サラシ粉はCaCl2.Ca（OCl）2.2H2Oを主成分と
し、Ca（OH）2.CaCl2.Ca（Cl2O）2.Ca（ClO3）2等の
副成分を含んでいてよい。 Sarashi powder has CaCl 2 .Ca(OCl) 2 .2H 2 O as its main component, and contains subcomponents such as Ca(OH) 2 .CaCl 2 .Ca(Cl 2 O) 2 .Ca(ClO 3 ) 2 . It's okay to stay.
「被毒処理」によつて水中生物は死滅し、又は
活性が低下する。 The "poisoning treatment" kills aquatic organisms or reduces their activity.
「逆洗流体」としては、例えば既濾過又は未濾
過の海水、河川の水、湖沼の水等の液体や、空
気、酸素、水蒸気等の気体を例示できる。 Examples of the "backwash fluid" include liquids such as filtered or unfiltered seawater, river water, and lake water, and gases such as air, oxygen, and water vapor.
（実施例）
第１図は実施例による海生物除去装置を示す概
略部分断面図、第２図は各種流体の動作を説明す
るための概略図である。(Example) FIG. 1 is a schematic partial sectional view showing a marine life removal device according to an example, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operations of various fluids.
密閉型の濾過容器４内に仕切り板５を設け、仕
切り板５の下部を海水供給室７とし、上部を海水
排出室６とする。仕切り板５には円形貫通孔を設
け、これに有底筒状多孔室セラミツクフイルター
８の本体８ｂを貫通させ、フランジ部８ａによつ
て本体８ｂを吊り下げた形とする。 A partition plate 5 is provided in a closed type filtration container 4, the lower part of the partition plate 5 is used as a seawater supply chamber 7, and the upper part is used as a seawater discharge chamber 6. The partition plate 5 is provided with a circular through hole, through which the main body 8b of the bottomed cylindrical porous chamber ceramic filter 8 is passed, and the main body 8b is suspended by the flange portion 8a.
冷却水系へと取水を行う際には、まず、図示し
ない取水口から海水を矢印Ｄのように導入し、弁
１５Ｄを開いて海水供給口１３より海水供給室７
へと海水を供給する。この海水は、矢印Ｇのよう
にして、フイルター本体８ｂを通過し、濾過さ
れ、筒内空間８ｄを通つて海水排出室６へと流入
する。これにより、海水２３内に含まれる水中生
物（生体及び幼生）が濾過され、かつその他の挟
雑物が濾過されて海水２３は清浄化される。次い
で、清浄な海水は海水排水口１０より排出され、
弁１５Ａを通つて矢印Ａのように図示しない冷却
水系へと流入する。 When taking water into the cooling water system, first introduce seawater from the water intake port (not shown) in the direction of arrow D, open the valve 15D, and enter the seawater supply chamber 7 from the seawater supply port 13.
supplying seawater to This seawater passes through the filter main body 8b as indicated by arrow G, is filtered, and flows into the seawater discharge chamber 6 through the cylinder space 8d. As a result, aquatic organisms (living organisms and larvae) contained in the seawater 23 are filtered out, and other impurities are filtered out, so that the seawater 23 is purified. Next, the clean seawater is discharged from the seawater drain port 10,
It flows into a cooling water system (not shown) as indicated by arrow A through valve 15A.
海水の取水を続行すると、フイルター表面８ｃ
に海中生物が付着、堆積、成長し、有底筒状多孔
質セラミツクフイルター８に目詰まりが生じ、圧
力損失が徐々に増大してくる。 When seawater intake continues, filter surface 8c
Marine organisms attach, accumulate, and grow, and the bottomed cylindrical porous ceramic filter 8 becomes clogged, resulting in a gradual increase in pressure loss.
そこで、フイルターの目詰りを検知する工程を
行う。たとえば、海水供給室７、海水排出室６内
の圧力差を差圧計９で検知し、両者の圧力差を監
視することによつてフイルターの目詰まりを発見
する。例えば、通常状態において50mmAqの差圧
で運転し、50mmAqの1.5倍以上の差圧が発生する
と、運転員にフイルタの目詰りを知らせる。この
信号に従つて運転員が次の海水供給室７への海水
の供給を停止する工程を遂行する。 Therefore, a step is performed to detect clogging of the filter. For example, the pressure difference in the seawater supply chamber 7 and the seawater discharge chamber 6 is detected by the differential pressure gauge 9, and by monitoring the pressure difference between the two, clogging of the filter is discovered. For example, when operating under normal conditions with a differential pressure of 50 mmAq, if a differential pressure of 1.5 times or more of 50 mmAq occurs, the operator will be notified that the filter is clogged. In accordance with this signal, the operator carries out the process of stopping the supply of seawater to the next seawater supply chamber 7.
フイルターの目詰りを検知するには、上記の差
圧計の代りに流量計１７を設け、流量が設定下限
値以下となつたら運転員に信号を送つてもよい。 In order to detect clogging of the filter, a flow meter 17 may be provided in place of the differential pressure gauge described above, and a signal may be sent to the operator when the flow rate falls below a set lower limit value.
運転員の手を介さず、上記の工程を自動化する
こともできる。即ち、マイクロプロセツサ３０を
設置し、差圧計９から電気信号をマイクロプロセ
ツサ３０へと送り、設定値を越えるとマイクロプ
ロセツサ３０から弁１５Ｃ，１５Ｄへと信号を送
つて下記のように弁１５Ｃ，１５Ｄを開閉し、下
記の停止する工程を遂行してもよい。この場合は
弁１５Ｃ，１５Ｄを電磁弁とする。 The above process can also be automated without operator intervention. That is, a microprocessor 30 is installed, and an electric signal is sent from the differential pressure gauge 9 to the microprocessor 30. When the set value is exceeded, the microprocessor 30 sends a signal to the valves 15C and 15D, and the valves are activated as shown below. 15C and 15D may be opened and closed to perform the following stopping process. In this case, valves 15C and 15D are solenoid valves.
海水の性状やフイルターの仕様がほぼ決まつて
いる場合に検知工程を省いて、稼動時間を積算
し、タイマによる停止させることも出来る。 If the seawater properties and filter specifications are almost fixed, the detection process can be omitted, the operating time can be accumulated, and the system can be stopped using a timer.
濾過容器内の海水供給室７の未濾過の海水や海
水排出室６の既濾過の海水排出工程は、空気抜き
管の弁３７を開いて外気を濾過容器内に導入しつ
つ、弁１６を開き海水供給室７の海水の一部また
は全部を排出する。 In the step of discharging unfiltered seawater from the seawater supply chamber 7 in the filtration container and filtered seawater from the seawater discharge chamber 6, the valve 37 of the air vent pipe is opened to introduce outside air into the filtration container, and the valve 16 is opened to discharge the seawater. Part or all of the seawater in the supply chamber 7 is discharged.
次いで薬洗工程を行うが薬洗工程時には、まず
弁１５Ｃを開き、薬液貯留タンク２に貯留された
薬液２１を矢印Ｃのように薬液供給口１２を通し
て海水供給室７内へと供給する。そして、海水供
給室７内に薬液２１を満たし、フイルター表面８
ｃに付着した海中生物を被毒処理し、死滅、活性
低下させる。フイルターは薬液の水面以下に保つ
ことが好ましい。 Next, a chemical washing process is carried out, and during the chemical washing process, the valve 15C is first opened, and the chemical liquid 21 stored in the chemical liquid storage tank 2 is supplied into the seawater supply chamber 7 through the chemical liquid supply port 12 as shown by arrow C. Then, the seawater supply chamber 7 is filled with the chemical solution 21, and the filter surface 8
It poisons marine organisms attached to c, killing them and reducing their activity. It is preferable to keep the filter below the water level of the chemical solution.
なお、水供給室７内の海水を全部排出せずに、
一部のみを排出し、薬液濃度を調節することによ
つて、所定濃度にしてもよい。 Note that without draining all the seawater in the water supply chamber 7,
A predetermined concentration may be achieved by discharging only a portion and adjusting the concentration of the chemical solution.
薬液としては、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム
（NaOCl）及び／又はサラシ粉（CaCl2・Ca
（OCl）2・2H2Oの水溶液が好ましい。有効塩素濃
度は30〜100ppmが好ましく、薬液の浸漬時間は
15〜30分が好ましい。なお、ここでいう有効塩素
濃度はJISで規定されたものを指す。 As a chemical solution, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and/or salashi powder ( CaCl2・Ca
An aqueous solution of (OCl) 2.2H 2 O is preferred. The effective chlorine concentration is preferably 30 to 100 ppm, and the immersion time of the chemical solution is
15 to 30 minutes is preferred. Note that the effective chlorine concentration here refers to that specified by JIS.
弁１５Ｃを閉じ、フイルター８を薬液２１内に
充分に浸漬した後、三方弁１６を開き、排出ドレ
ン１４を通して矢印Ｈのように薬液２１を無害化
処理タンク３へと流入させる。 After closing the valve 15C and sufficiently immersing the filter 8 in the chemical liquid 21, the three-way valve 16 is opened and the chemical liquid 21 is caused to flow into the detoxification treatment tank 3 in the direction of arrow H through the discharge drain 14.
薬液工程の後に逆洗工程を行うが、逆洗工程時
には、弁１５Ｂを開くと共に、弁１６を開いて濾
過容器内の薬洗処理後の海水を排出しつつ、圧縮
空気タンク１内の圧縮空気２０を矢印Ｂのように
圧縮空気供給口１１を通してフイルター８の筒内
空間８ｄ内へと圧縮空気を噴射させる。フイルタ
ー表面８ｃに付着した海中生物は死滅等により剥
がれ易くなつているので、この圧縮空気により容
易に吹く飛ばされ、排出ドレン１４より矢印Ｆの
ように排出される。このとき、圧縮空気の圧力は
３〜７Kg／cm2Ｇの範囲が特に好ましい。また、圧
縮空気は一度だけ噴射してもよいが、数回に分け
てパルス状に圧縮空気を噴出させると更に効果的
である。 A backwashing process is performed after the chemical liquid process. During the backwashing process, the valve 15B and valve 16 are opened to discharge the chemically washed seawater in the filtration container, while the compressed air in the compressed air tank 1 is discharged. 20 injects compressed air into the cylinder interior space 8d of the filter 8 through the compressed air supply port 11 as shown by arrow B. Since the sea creatures attached to the filter surface 8c are easily peeled off due to death, etc., they are easily blown away by this compressed air and are discharged from the discharge drain 14 in the direction of arrow F. At this time, the pressure of the compressed air is particularly preferably in the range of 3 to 7 kg/cm 2 G. Furthermore, although the compressed air may be injected only once, it is more effective to eject the compressed air in pulses over several times.
なお、この例では海水排出室６内へと圧縮空気
を噴射したが、各有底筒状多孔質フイルター８毎
にそれぞ空気噴射用の配管を設け、各フイルター
毎に空気噴射を行うこともできる。 Although compressed air is injected into the seawater discharge chamber 6 in this example, it is also possible to provide air injection piping for each bottomed cylindrical porous filter 8 and perform air injection for each filter. can.
また、上記薬液の無害化処理を行うが、この無
害化処理は、逆洗工程と同時に行つてもよく、逆
洗工程の前又は後で行つてもよい。 Further, the chemical solution is subjected to a detoxification treatment, and this detoxification treatment may be performed at the same time as the backwashing step, or may be performed before or after the backwashing step.
無害化処理法としては、薬液主成分を中和した
り、他の化学物質と反応させて無害な物質に変え
てもよいが、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム、サラシ粉の
水溶液を無害化するには、稀釈法が好ましい。即
ち、弁１５Ｅを開いて矢印Ｅのように無害化処理
タンク３へと流入させ、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム、
サラシ粉の水溶液を多量の海水によつて稀釈す
る。通常、海水の塩素濃度は19000ppm前後であ
るので、充分に稀釈してこの濃度と例えば
1000ppm程度の差しかないように調整した後、海
中に放流する。 Detoxification treatment methods include neutralizing the main component of the chemical solution or reacting it with other chemicals to turn it into a harmless substance. , dilution method is preferred. That is, by opening the valve 15E, the sodium hypochlorite,
Dilute the aqueous solution of salad flour with a large amount of seawater. Normally, the chlorine concentration in seawater is around 19,000 ppm, so it must be diluted sufficiently to match this concentration, for example.
After adjusting the difference so that the difference is only about 1000 ppm, it is released into the sea.
上記の一連の工程を終えると、三方弁１６を閉
じ、弁１５Ｄ，１５Ａを開き、再び海水の取水を
続行する。 After completing the above series of steps, the three-way valve 16 is closed, the valves 15D and 15A are opened, and seawater intake is resumed.
本実施例によれば、以下の効果を奏しうる。 According to this embodiment, the following effects can be achieved.
(1) 少なくとも海中生物を含む海水を濾過して
後、冷却水系内へと導入しているので、海中生
物、特に幼生物を除去でき、配管内への付着、
成長を防止でき、設備効率の低下、冷却水系の
経年悪化を防止できる。(1) Seawater containing at least marine life is filtered and then introduced into the cooling water system, making it possible to remove marine life, especially larvae, and prevent them from adhering to the pipes.
Growth can be prevented, and equipment efficiency can be prevented and cooling water systems can be prevented from deteriorating over time.
(2) 多孔質セラミツクフイルターを採用したの
で、フイルターの最大気孔径の1/10まで分離除
去できる。網目フイルター、濾布フイルターの
場合には、網目より小さいものは網目を通過す
るため、幼生物を除去するには網目を幼生物よ
りも小さくする必要があり、圧力損失が増大す
るが、本実施例のセラミツクフイルターでは、
気孔をそれほど小さくしなくとも済むことか
ら、圧力損失が比較的小さい。(2) Since a porous ceramic filter is used, it is possible to separate and remove up to 1/10 of the filter's maximum pore diameter. In the case of mesh filters and filter cloth filters, objects smaller than the mesh pass through the mesh, so in order to remove larvae it is necessary to make the mesh smaller than the larvae, which increases pressure loss. In the example ceramic filter,
Since the pores do not have to be made so small, the pressure loss is relatively small.
(3) 上記の逆洗工程により、有底円筒多孔質セラ
ミツクフイルターのフイルター表面に付着した
海中生物を除去できるので、フイルターの目詰
りを防止し、フイルターの圧力損失が必要以上
に増大したり、目詰りして使用できなくなるよ
うなことはない。従つて、常に正常に濾過装置
を稼動することができ、またフイルターを再生
できるので経済的でもある。(3) The above backwashing process can remove marine organisms attached to the filter surface of the bottomed cylindrical porous ceramic filter, thereby preventing the filter from clogging and preventing the pressure loss of the filter from increasing unnecessarily. It will not become clogged and unusable. Therefore, the filtration device can always be operated normally, and the filter can be regenerated, which is also economical.
なおかつ重要なことは、逆洗工程に先立つて
フイルター表面に付着した海中生物を薬液で死
滅、活性低下させていることであつて、これに
より海中生物のフイルターへの吸着力を弱め、
効果的にパージすることができる。 What is also important is that prior to the backwashing process, the marine organisms that have adhered to the filter surface are killed and their activity reduced using a chemical solution, which weakens the adsorption power of marine organisms to the filter.
Can be purged effectively.
(4) 薬液として次亜塩素酸ソーダ、サラシ粉の水
溶液を用いているので、海中生物の死滅、溶解
を非常に効果的に行える。この理由は明らかで
はないが、Ｏ、ClO-、Cl2の強い酸化作用、殺
菌作用によつて細胞膜を破壊、溶解することが
でき、更に塩素や次亜塩素酸が容易に細胞膜を
浸透し、酵素の働きを止める効能があるものと
考えられる。(4) Since an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite and salicy powder is used as the chemical solution, it is very effective in killing and dissolving sea creatures. The reason for this is not clear, but the strong oxidizing and bactericidal effects of O, ClO - and Cl 2 can destroy and dissolve cell membranes, and chlorine and hypochlorous acid easily penetrate cell membranes. It is thought to have the effect of stopping the function of enzymes.
しかも、上述のように薬液を希釈し、無害化
してから海中に放流しているので、環境保全面
で有益である。 Furthermore, as mentioned above, the chemical solution is diluted and rendered harmless before being released into the sea, which is beneficial in terms of environmental conservation.
（発明の効果）
本発明に係る水の浄化処理装置によれば、少な
くとも水中生物の含有する水をフイルターによつ
て濾過しているので、水中生物、特に幼生物を除
去でき、水を取り入れた設備内で水中生物が付
着、成長するのを防止できるため、これによる設
備効率の低下、経年悪化を防止できる。(Effects of the Invention) According to the water purification device according to the present invention, since the water containing at least aquatic organisms is filtered by the filter, aquatic organisms, especially larvae, can be removed and water taken in can be removed. Since it is possible to prevent aquatic organisms from adhering and growing within the equipment, it is possible to prevent equipment efficiency from decreasing and deterioration over time due to this.
そして、濾過容器内への水の供給を停止し、未
濾過の水を濾過容器内から排出し、水中生物に対
して有毒な薬液を濾過容器内に供給し、フイルタ
ーに付着した水中生物を被毒処理しているので、
水中生物が死滅、活性低下し、水中生物のフイル
ターへの吸着力が低下する。 Then, the water supply to the filter container is stopped, unfiltered water is discharged from the filter container, and a chemical solution that is toxic to aquatic organisms is supplied into the filter container to cover the aquatic organisms attached to the filter. Because it is treated with poison,
Aquatic organisms die, their activity decreases, and the adsorption power of aquatic organisms to the filter decreases.
そして、この後にフイルターを逆洗流体を噴射
して水中生物をフイルターから除去するので、水
中生物のフイルターへの吸着力が低下しているこ
とから極めて効果的に除去でき、フイルターの目
詰りを防止できる。従つて、フイルターの圧力損
失が必要以上に増大したり、目詰りして使用でき
なくなるようなことはなく、常に正常に濾過を遂
行でき、かつフイルターを再生できるので交換の
必要が少なく、経済的である。 After this, the filter is injected with backwashing fluid to remove aquatic organisms from the filter, so as the adsorption power of aquatic organisms to the filter has decreased, it can be removed extremely effectively and prevents clogging of the filter. can. Therefore, the pressure loss of the filter will not increase more than necessary, or it will not become unusable due to clogging, and filtration can always be performed normally, and since the filter can be regenerated, there is less need for replacement, making it economical. It is.
本発明に係る水の浄化処理方法によれば、上記
の効果に加え、濾過容器から排出された薬液を無
害化処理するので、環境保全上極めて有利とな
る。 According to the water purification method of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, the chemical solution discharged from the filtration container is rendered harmless, which is extremely advantageous in terms of environmental conservation.
第１図は海水の浄化処理装置を示す概略部分断
面図、第２図は浄化処理装置中での海水等の流れ
を説明するための概念図である。
１……圧縮気体タンク、２……薬液貯留タン
ク、３……薬液希釈処理タンク、４……濾過装
置、５……仕切り板、６……海水排出室、７……
海水供給室、８……有底円筒多孔質セラミツクフ
イルター、８ｃ……フイルター表面、８ｄ……筒
内空間、１０……海水排出口、１２……薬液供給
口、１３……海水供給口、１５Ａ，１５Ｂ，１５
Ｃ，１５Ｄ，１５Ｅ……弁、１６……三方弁、３
７……空気抜き管（ベント管）の弁、Ｄ，Ｇ，Ａ
……海水の流れ、Ｂ，Ｈ，Ｆ……圧縮空気の流
れ、Ｃ，Ｈ，Ｉ……薬液の流れ、Ｅ，Ｉ……希釈
用の海水の流れ。
FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing a seawater purification device, and FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the flow of seawater, etc. in the purification device. 1... Compressed gas tank, 2... Chemical solution storage tank, 3... Chemical solution dilution processing tank, 4... Filtration device, 5... Partition plate, 6... Seawater discharge chamber, 7...
Seawater supply chamber, 8... Bottomed cylindrical porous ceramic filter, 8c... Filter surface, 8d... Cylinder space, 10... Seawater outlet, 12... Chemical solution supply port, 13... Seawater supply port, 15A ,15B,15
C, 15D, 15E... Valve, 16... Three-way valve, 3
7... Air vent pipe (vent pipe) valve, D, G, A
...flow of seawater, B, H, F ... flow of compressed air, C, H, I ... flow of chemical solution, E, I ... flow of seawater for dilution.
Claims (1)
内へと供給し、この濾過容器内に設けられた多孔
質セラミツクフイルターによつて前記水を濾過
し、既濾過の水を前記濾過容器から排出する濾
過・排出工程と；前記濾過・排出工程を実施して
いる間前記多孔質セラミツクフイルターの目詰ま
り状態を検知して、目詰まり状態であると判断さ
れたときは前記濾過容器内への水の供給を停止し
て前記濾過・排出工程を中断し、前記濾過容器内
の未濾過の水を少なくとも一部排出し、次いで前
記水中生物に対して有毒な薬液を前記濾過容器内
へと供給し、前記多孔質セラミツクフイルターに
付着した前記水中生物を被毒処理し、しかる後に
前記多孔質セラミツクフイルターに逆洗流体を噴
射し、被毒処理後の前記水中生物を前記多孔質セ
ラミツクフイルターから除去する被毒・逆洗工程
と；前記被毒・逆洗工程を実施した後に濾過容器
から排出された前記薬液を無害化処理する薬液無
害化処理工程とを有することを特徴とする水の浄
化処理方法。 ２ 濾過容器と、この濾過容器を水供給室と水排
出室とに区分する仕切り部と、少なくとも水中生
物を含有する水を前記水供給室へと供給するため
の水供給口と、前記仕切り部に固定された、前記
水供給室内の水を濾過する多孔質セラミツクフイ
ルターと、既濾過の水を前記水供給室から排出す
るための排出口とからなる濾過・排出部と；前記
多孔室セラミツクフイルターの目詰まり状態を検
知する目詰まり検知手段と、この目詰まり検知手
段により前記多孔質セラミツクフイルターが目詰
まり状態だと判断されたとき、前記水供給室への
前記水の供給を停止するための供給停止手段と、
前記水中生物に対して有毒な薬液を前記濾過容器
内へと供給する薬液供給手段と、前記多孔質セラ
ミツクフイルターに逆洗流体を噴射するための逆
洗流体噴射手段とからなる被毒・逆洗部と；前記
被毒・逆洗部の濾過容器から排出された前記薬液
を無害化処理する薬液無害化処理部とからなるこ
とを特徴とする水の浄化処理装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. Water containing at least aquatic organisms is supplied into a filtration container, the water is filtered by a porous ceramic filter provided in the filtration container, and the already filtered water is a filtration/discharge step of discharging the filter from the filtration container; detecting the clogging state of the porous ceramic filter during the filtration/discharge step; and if it is determined that the porous ceramic filter is clogged, the filtration container is discharged; The filtration/draining process is interrupted by stopping the supply of water into the filtration container, at least a portion of the unfiltered water in the filtration container is discharged, and then the chemical solution toxic to the aquatic organisms is removed from the filtration container. The aquatic organisms adhering to the porous ceramic filter are poisoned, and then a backwash fluid is injected to the porous ceramic filter to remove the poisoned aquatic organisms from the porous ceramic filter. Water characterized by having a poisoning/backwashing step of removing the poison from the filter; and a chemical solution detoxification treatment step of making the chemical solution discharged from the filtration container harmless after the poisoning/backwashing step. purification treatment method. 2. A filtration container, a partition section that divides the filtration container into a water supply chamber and a water discharge chamber, a water supply port for supplying water containing at least aquatic organisms to the water supply chamber, and the partition section. a filtration/discharge section fixed to the porous ceramic filter for filtering water in the water supply chamber; and a discharge port for discharging already filtered water from the water supply chamber; clogging detection means for detecting a clogging state of the porous ceramic filter; and clogging detection means for stopping the supply of the water to the water supply chamber when the clogging detection means determines that the porous ceramic filter is clogged. supply stop means;
Poisoning/backwashing comprising a chemical solution supply means for supplying a chemical solution toxic to the aquatic organisms into the filter container, and a backwash fluid injection means for injecting backwash fluid to the porous ceramic filter. A water purification processing device comprising: a chemical liquid detoxification processing unit that detoxifies the chemical liquid discharged from the filtration container of the poisoning/backwashing unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1243299A JPH03106413A (en) | 1989-09-21 | 1989-09-21 | Water purification treatment process and its device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1243299A JPH03106413A (en) | 1989-09-21 | 1989-09-21 | Water purification treatment process and its device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03106413A JPH03106413A (en) | 1991-05-07 |
| JPH0464725B2 true JPH0464725B2 (en) | 1992-10-15 |
Family
ID=17101771
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1243299A Granted JPH03106413A (en) | 1989-09-21 | 1989-09-21 | Water purification treatment process and its device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03106413A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4502215B2 (en) * | 2006-04-17 | 2010-07-14 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Prevention structure for electric field detector |
| JP6514064B2 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2019-05-15 | 株式会社東芝 | Processing system and processing method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5528731A (en) * | 1978-08-21 | 1980-02-29 | Nippon Boshoku Kogyo Kk | Anticorrosive and antifouling treatment method for seawater intake part |
| JPS62171721A (en) * | 1986-01-23 | 1987-07-28 | Hitachi Ltd | Preventer for adhesion of shellfish |
-
1989
- 1989-09-21 JP JP1243299A patent/JPH03106413A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5528731A (en) * | 1978-08-21 | 1980-02-29 | Nippon Boshoku Kogyo Kk | Anticorrosive and antifouling treatment method for seawater intake part |
| JPS62171721A (en) * | 1986-01-23 | 1987-07-28 | Hitachi Ltd | Preventer for adhesion of shellfish |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03106413A (en) | 1991-05-07 |
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