JPH0458432A - Circuit-breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To short-circuit a main circuit of each pole to a short-circuiting circuit when excess current runs in the main circuit in order to make recovery work easy after a trouble happens by installing a movable conductor in the main circuit of each pole in series and at the same time forming a contact for short- circuiting responding to the movable conductor of each pole. CONSTITUTION:When excess current runs in a main circuit 34 of each pole because of short-circuit trouble, etc., a drawing out apparatus 19 works by an instant drawing out coil 21 and parts a movable contactor 15 from a fixed contactor 14 to start shutting work. At that time, excess current runs between a fixed conductor 24 of each pole and a movable conductor 26 of a switch 25 for commutation in contradirection to generate electromagnetic resilience force, the movable conductor 26 of each pole is rotated downward against a spring using the electromagnetic resilience force, a movable side contact 28 is brought into contact with a short-circuiting contact 29, and a short- circuiting circuit 32 is short-circuited to the main circuit 34 of each pole. Consequently, excess current of the main circuit 34 of each pole is commutated and divided to the short-circuiting circuit 32 through both contacts 28 29 of the switch 25 for commutation.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ［発明の目的］ （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、負荷側端子に接続された回路素子を短絡電流
等から保護する機能を備えた回路遮断器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a circuit breaker having a function of protecting a circuit element connected to a load-side terminal from short-circuit current or the like.

（従来の技術） 一般に、回路遮断器は、短絡事故等により主回路に過電
流が流れたときに引外し装置により可動接触子を固定接
触子から離間させて負荷電流を遮断する構成となってい
る。しかしながら、引外し装置の作動により負荷電流が
完全に遮断されるまでには、アークの発生等により若干
の時間遅れ（数ｍ秒〜数１０ｍ秒）を伴うため、その間
に・、負荷側端子に接続された半導体素子等の回路素子
にも、短時間ながら過電流か流れてしまうことになる。(Prior Art) In general, a circuit breaker is configured to use a tripping device to separate the movable contact from the fixed contact and interrupt the load current when an overcurrent flows in the main circuit due to a short circuit or the like. There is. However, there is a slight time delay (several milliseconds to tens of milliseconds) due to arcing etc. until the load current is completely interrupted by the activation of the tripping device. Overcurrent will also flow through connected circuit elements such as semiconductor elements, albeit for a short time.

このため、負荷側の回路素子が例えば整流素子等の半導
体素子のように過電流耐量か小さい場合には、遮断動作
時に流れる過電流により回路素子かジュール熱で耐熱温
度以上に過熱して破壊されてしまうおそれがあった。Therefore, if the circuit element on the load side has a small overcurrent capability, such as a semiconductor element such as a rectifier, the overcurrent that flows during the cutoff operation will cause the circuit element to overheat and be destroyed by Joule heat. There was a risk that the

この様な問題を解決するために、従来より、第６図に示
すように、負荷１側の回路素子たる半導体素子２と回路
遮断器３との間に速断ヒユーズ４を接続し、過電流が流
れたときには、速断ヒユーズ４の限流遮断により半導体
素子１の過電流耐量以下にｌ２ｔ（ここで１は電流、ｔ
は電流か流れる時間）を抑えて半導体素子１を保護する
ように１またちのがある。In order to solve such problems, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 6, a fast-acting fuse 4 is connected between a semiconductor element 2, which is a circuit element on the load 1 side, and a circuit breaker 3, to prevent overcurrent. When the current flows, the current is cut off by the fast-acting fuse 4, and the overcurrent withstand capacity of the semiconductor element 1 is lowered to 12t (here, 1 is the current, t
There is a special feature to protect the semiconductor element 1 by suppressing the amount of time the current flows.

（発明が解決しようとする課題） しかしながら、上記構成では、事故発生後そのままでは
直ぐに回路を復旧することができず、速断ヒユーズ２の
交換か必要で復旧作業に手間がかかる欠点がある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the above configuration has the disadvantage that the circuit cannot be restored immediately after an accident occurs, and the quick-acting fuse 2 must be replaced, making the restoration work time-consuming.

この様な問題を解決するために、本出願人は、先に出願
した特願平２−９５８４４号の明細書に示すように、主
回路中に転流用スイッチを設けると共にこの転流用スイ
ッチにより開閉されるバイパス回路を設け、主回路に過
電流が流れたときには、転流用スイッチをオンさせるこ
とによりバイパス回路を主回路に短絡させて、過電流を
バイパス回路に転流させる構成とすることを考えている
。In order to solve such problems, the present applicant provided a commutation switch in the main circuit and opened/closed it by this commutation switch, as shown in the specification of the previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. 2-95844. We are considering a configuration in which a bypass circuit is provided, and when an overcurrent flows in the main circuit, the bypass circuit is short-circuited to the main circuit by turning on the commutation switch, and the overcurrent is commutated to the bypass circuit. ing.

しかしながら、この場合、バイパス回路を負荷（半導体
開閉素子）と並列になるように回路遮断器の外部まで延
長しなければならず、その追加配線か面倒である。特に
、複数極の回路遮断器では、各極毎にバイパス回路の配
線処理を行わなければならないので、追加配線の手間も
増える。しかも、インバータやＵＰＳ等のような電源変
換回路では、複数個の半導体の各々に上述の回路遮断器
が必要になってしまうという欠点がある。However, in this case, the bypass circuit must be extended to the outside of the circuit breaker so as to be parallel to the load (semiconductor switching element), and the additional wiring is troublesome. In particular, in a multi-pole circuit breaker, bypass circuit wiring must be performed for each pole, which increases the effort required for additional wiring. Moreover, power conversion circuits such as inverters and UPSs have the disadvantage that the above-mentioned circuit breakers are required for each of a plurality of semiconductors.

本発明はこの様な事情を考慮してなされたもので、従っ
てその目的は、事故発生後の復旧作業が簡単であると共
に、回路遮断器の負荷側に対して追加配線を必要とせず
に、負荷全体を過電流から有効に保護できる回路遮断器
を提供することにある。The present invention was made in consideration of these circumstances, and its purpose is to simplify the recovery work after an accident occurs, and to eliminate the need for additional wiring to the load side of the circuit breaker. An object of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker that can effectively protect the entire load from overcurrent.

［発明の構成］ （課題を解決するための手段） 本発明の回路遮断器は、複数の電源側端子と複数の負荷
側端子との間に、それぞれ固定接触子と、この固定接触
子に接離する可動接触子とを設けて複数極の主回路を構
成すると共に、６極の主回路に過電流が流れたときに前
記可動接触子を前記固定接触子から離間させて負荷電流
を遮断する引外し装置を設けたものにおいて、６極の主
回路にそれぞれ可動導体を直列に設けると共に、６極の
可動導体に対応してそれぞれ短絡用接点を設け、これら
各短絡用接点を短絡回路により接続し、主回路に過電流
が流れたときに前記可動導体を前記短絡用接点に接触さ
せて、６極の主回路を短絡回路に短絡させるようにした
ものである。[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The circuit breaker of the present invention includes a fixed contact between a plurality of power supply side terminals and a plurality of load side terminals, and a fixed contact connected to the fixed contact. A movable contact that is separated from the fixed contact is provided to configure a multi-pole main circuit, and when an overcurrent flows in the six-pole main circuit, the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact to interrupt the load current. In a device equipped with a tripping device, a movable conductor is provided in series with each of the 6-pole main circuit, and short-circuit contacts are provided for each of the 6-pole movable conductors, and these short-circuit contacts are connected by a short circuit. However, when an overcurrent flows through the main circuit, the movable conductor is brought into contact with the short-circuit contact to short-circuit the six-pole main circuit to a short circuit.

（作用） ６極の主回路に過電流が流れたときには、弓外し装置か
作動して６極の可動接触子を固定接触子から離間させて
負荷電流を遮断する。この遮断動作と同時に、６極の可
動導体か短絡用接点に接触して６極の主回路を短絡回路
に短絡させ、それによって過電流を短絡回路側に転流さ
せることにより、負荷を過電流から保護する。(Function) When an overcurrent flows in the 6-pole main circuit, the bow removal device is activated to separate the 6-pole movable contact from the fixed contact and cut off the load current. At the same time as this breaking operation, the 6-pole movable conductor contacts the short-circuit contact to short-circuit the 6-pole main circuit to the short circuit, thereby commutating the overcurrent to the short circuit side. protect from

（実施例） 以下、本発明を３極の回路遮断器に適用した第１実施例
を第１図乃至第３図に基づいて説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, a first example in which the present invention is applied to a three-pole circuit breaker will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 3.

まず、回路遮断器の機械的構成を第２図に基づいて説明
する。この回路遮断器の本体ケース１１の左右両側には
、電源側端子１２と負荷側端子１３とが３個ずつ設けら
れている。そして、６極の電源側端子１２には、Ｕ字状
に曲成された固定接触子１４が接続され、この固定接触
子１４の先端部の上面には、固定側接点１４ａが固着さ
れている。この固定接触子１４の上方には、可動接触子
］５か軸１６を介して上下回動可能に設けられ、この可
動接触子１５の先端部の下面に固着された可動側接点１
５ａが固定接触子１４の固定側接点１４、ｌと接離して
、６極の主回路３４を開閉するようになっている。そし
て、６極の可動接触子１５は、操作ハンドル１７にリン
ク機構１８を介して連結され、その操作ハンドル１７を
回動操作することにより、可動接触子１５の可動側接点
１５ａを固定接触子１４の固定側接点１４ａに接触させ
た状態（閉路状態）に復帰させることができるようにな
っている。First, the mechanical configuration of the circuit breaker will be explained based on FIG. 2. Three power supply side terminals 12 and three load side terminals 13 are provided on both left and right sides of the main body case 11 of this circuit breaker. A U-shaped fixed contact 14 is connected to the six-pole power supply terminal 12, and a fixed contact 14a is fixed to the top surface of the tip of the fixed contact 14. . A movable contact 5 is provided above the fixed contact 14 so as to be movable up and down via a shaft 16, and a movable contact 1 is fixed to the lower surface of the tip of the movable contact 15.
5a contacts and separates from the fixed side contacts 14 and 1 of the fixed contactor 14 to open and close the six-pole main circuit 34. The six-pole movable contact 15 is connected to an operating handle 17 via a link mechanism 18, and by rotating the operating handle 17, the movable contact 15a of the movable contact 15 is connected to the fixed contact 14. It is possible to return the contact to the fixed contact 14a (closed circuit state).

一方、リンク機構１８の右側には引外し装置１９が設け
られている。この引外し装置１９は、非磁性体製のオイ
ルケース２０に瞬時引外しコイル２１を巻装し、この瞬
時引外しコイル２１の一端を可撓導体２２を介して可動
接触子１５に接続すると共に、その瞬時引外しコイル２
１の他端を、過負荷電流を検出するバイメタル２３の加
熱用のヒータ２３Ｈに接続している。そして、このノく
イメタル２３のヒータ２３ａの下端部には、左方向に延
びる固定導体２４が接続され、この固定導体２４の左端
部に、転流用スイッチ２５の可動導体２６がピン２７を
介して上下回動可能に支持され、この可動導体２６の右
端部下面に可動側接点２８か設けられている。この可動
導体２６は、６極の主回路３４の途中（ヒータ２３Ｂよ
り負荷側）にそれぞれ直列に接続されている。そして、
６極の可動導体２６の可動側接点２８の下方には、その
ぞれ短絡用接点２９を有する固定導体３０が右方向に延
びるように設けられている。更に、６極の固定導体３０
の右端部には短絡用端子３０ａが設けられ、これら６極
の短絡用端子３０ａが互いに固定導体３１を介して接続
されており、これにより６極の短絡用接点２９を短絡さ
せる短絡回路３２が構成されている。On the other hand, a tripping device 19 is provided on the right side of the link mechanism 18. This tripping device 19 has an instantaneous tripping coil 21 wound around an oil case 20 made of a non-magnetic material, and one end of this instantaneous tripping coil 21 is connected to the movable contact 15 via a flexible conductor 22. , its instantaneous tripping coil 2
The other end of the bimetal 23 is connected to a heater 23H for heating the bimetal 23 that detects overload current. A fixed conductor 24 extending leftward is connected to the lower end of the heater 23a of the metal 23, and a movable conductor 26 of a commutation switch 25 is connected to the left end of the fixed conductor 24 via a pin 27. The movable conductor 26 is supported so as to be movable up and down, and a movable contact 28 is provided on the lower surface of the right end of the movable conductor 26 . The movable conductors 26 are connected in series in the middle of the six-pole main circuit 34 (on the load side of the heater 23B). and,
Below the movable contacts 28 of the six-pole movable conductor 26, fixed conductors 30 each having a short-circuiting contact 29 are provided so as to extend rightward. Furthermore, a 6-pole fixed conductor 30
A shorting terminal 30a is provided at the right end of the 6-pole shorting terminal 30a, and these 6-pole shorting terminals 30a are connected to each other via a fixed conductor 31, thereby creating a short-circuit 32 that short-circuits the 6-pole shorting contact 29. It is configured.

一方、転流用スイッチ２５の可動導体２６は、可撓導体
３３を介して負荷側端子１３に接続され、従って、負荷
電流が流れる主回路３４は、電源側端子１２−固定接触
子１４−可動接触子１５−可撓導体２２−瞬時引外しコ
イル２１−ヒータ２３ａ−固定導体２４−可動導体２６
−可撓導体３′３−負荷側端子１３の経路となる。On the other hand, the movable conductor 26 of the commutation switch 25 is connected to the load side terminal 13 via the flexible conductor 33, and therefore the main circuit 34 through which the load current flows is the power supply side terminal 12 - fixed contact 14 - movable contact. Child 15 - Flexible conductor 22 - Momentary tripping coil 21 - Heater 23a - Fixed conductor 24 - Movable conductor 26
-Flexible conductor 3'3-This becomes a path for the load side terminal 13.

而して、転流用スイッチ２５の可動導体２６はばね３５
により上方に付勢されて、常には、可動側接点２８か短
絡用接点２９から上方に離間した状態に保持され、短絡
回路３２と主回路３４との間が開放された状態に維持さ
れる。この状態では、負荷電流は短絡回路３２へ転流（
分流）せず、可動導体２６−可撓導体３３−負荷側端子
１３の経路で流れる。この場合、主回路３４の固定導体
２４と可動導体２６とが互いに平行に設けられて、負荷
電流が互いに逆方向に流れるようになっており、過電流
が流れたときには、固定導体２４と可動導体２６との間
に逆方向電流による電磁反発力が発生して、可動導体２
６をばね３５に抗して下方に回動させ、可動側接点２８
を固定側接点２９に接触させて、短絡回路３２を主回路
３４に短絡させるようになっている。Therefore, the movable conductor 26 of the commutation switch 25 is connected to the spring 35.
is urged upward by the movable contact 28 or the short-circuit contact 29, and is always kept in a state separated upward from the short-circuit contact 28 or the short-circuit contact 29, and the gap between the short circuit 32 and the main circuit 34 is maintained in an open state. In this state, the load current is commutated to the short circuit 32 (
The current flows through the path of the movable conductor 26 - flexible conductor 33 - load side terminal 13 without dividing. In this case, the fixed conductor 24 and the movable conductor 26 of the main circuit 34 are provided in parallel to each other so that the load current flows in opposite directions, and when an overcurrent flows, the fixed conductor 24 and the movable conductor 26 An electromagnetic repulsive force is generated between the movable conductor 2 and the movable conductor 2 due to a reverse current.
6 against the spring 35 and rotate the movable side contact 28
is brought into contact with the fixed side contact 29 to short-circuit the short circuit 32 to the main circuit 34.

以上のように構成した３極の回路遮断器を使用する場合
には、第１図に示すように、６極の電源側端子１２を電
源３６に接続すると共に、６極の負荷側端子１３を負荷
回路３７に接続するだけで良い。　次に、上記構成の作
用について説明する。When using a three-pole circuit breaker configured as described above, as shown in FIG. It is sufficient to simply connect it to the load circuit 37. Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained.

閉路状態では、可動接触子１５が固定接触子１４に接触
して主回路３４を閉路し、電源側端子１２−固定接触子
１４−可動接触子１５−可撓導体２２−瞬時引外しコイ
ル２１−ヒータ２３ａ−固定導体２４−可動導体２６−
可撓導体３３−負荷側端子１３−負荷回路３７という経
路で負荷電流が流れる。その後、短絡事故等により６極
の主回路３４に過電流が流れると、瞬時引外しコイル２
１によって引外し装置１９が動作し、可動接触子１５を
固定接触子１４から開離させて遮断動作を開始する。こ
のとき同時に、６極の固定導体２４と転流用スイッチ２
５の可動導体２６との間に逆方向の過電流が流れて電磁
反発力が発生し、その電磁反発力により６極の可動導体
２６をばね３５に抗して下方に回動させ、可動側接点２
８を短絡用接点２９に接触させて、短絡回路３２を６極
の主回路３４に短絡させる。これにより、６極の主回路
３４の過電流は、転流用スイッチ２５の両接点２８．２
９を通して短絡回路３２に転流分流される。このとき、
転流用スイッチ２５０固接点２８２９は、電流値が大き
いほど速く閉路し、１ｍ秒以下の短時間で過電流が短絡
回路３２に転流して６極の主回路３４が短絡された状態
になるため、負荷回路３７には過電流がほとんど流れな
くなる。In the closed circuit state, the movable contact 15 contacts the fixed contact 14 to close the main circuit 34, and the power supply side terminal 12 - the fixed contact 14 - the movable contact 15 - the flexible conductor 22 - the instantaneous tripping coil 21 - Heater 23a - Fixed conductor 24 - Movable conductor 26 -
A load current flows through a path of flexible conductor 33 - load side terminal 13 - load circuit 37 . After that, when an overcurrent flows in the 6-pole main circuit 34 due to a short circuit accident, the instantaneous tripping coil 2
1, the tripping device 19 operates to separate the movable contact 15 from the fixed contact 14 and start the interrupting operation. At this time, at the same time, the 6-pole fixed conductor 24 and the commutation switch 2
An overcurrent flows in the opposite direction between the 6-pole movable conductor 26 and the 6-pole movable conductor 26, generating an electromagnetic repulsive force, which causes the 6-pole movable conductor 26 to rotate downward against the spring 35, and the movable side Contact 2
8 is brought into contact with the short-circuiting contact 29 to short-circuit the short-circuit 32 to the six-pole main circuit 34. As a result, overcurrent in the 6-pole main circuit 34 is removed from both contacts 28.2 of the commutation switch 25.
9 to the short circuit 32. At this time,
The fixed contact 2829 of the commutation switch 250 closes faster as the current value increases, and the overcurrent is commutated to the short circuit 32 in a short time of 1 msec or less, and the 6-pole main circuit 34 becomes short-circuited. Almost no overcurrent flows through the load circuit 37.

尚、両接点２８．２９が閉路する電流値以下の過電流が
流れたときには、引外し装置１９のみが作動して可動接
触子１５のみを開離させる。Note that when an overcurrent that is less than the current value that closes both contacts 28 and 29 flows, only the tripping device 19 operates to open only the movable contact 15.

以上説明した本実施例の試験結果の一例を第３図に示す
。この試験に用いた回路遮断器の極数は２極で、単相２
２０Ｖに接続し推定短絡電流Ｊｎを５０ＫＡとしたとき
の遮断波形を第３図に示しており、■、は遮断器に流れ
る全電流で、転流後はほぼ短絡回路３２に流れる電流で
ある。また、Ｉ２は、負荷回路３７に流れる電流であり
、遮断動作開始後ｔユでほぼＯに近い値になっている。An example of the test results of this example explained above is shown in FIG. The number of poles of the circuit breaker used in this test was 2 poles, single phase 2
FIG. 3 shows the interruption waveform when the circuit breaker is connected to 20V and the estimated short circuit current Jn is 50KA, where ■ is the total current flowing through the circuit breaker, which is approximately the current flowing through the short circuit 32 after commutation. Further, I2 is a current flowing through the load circuit 37, and has a value substantially close to O at t after the start of the interrupting operation.

この場合、１１とＩ２に関するＩ２　ｔの値は、２ｘｌ
Ｏ５０，１ｘ１０５であるから、例えば負荷３７がｌ２
ｔ−０，２Ｘ１０５の許容値であるサイリスタの場合、
従来の回路遮断器では完全に焼損するが、この回路遮断
器では過電流か短絡回、路３２に流れ、サイリスクには
小電流Ｉ２が流れるだけであり、許容値に対して十分に
余裕がある。In this case, the value of I2 t with respect to 11 and I2 is 2xl
O50, 1x105, so for example the load 37 is l2
For a thyristor with a tolerance of t-0, 2X105,
In a conventional circuit breaker, the circuit breaker is completely burnt out, but in this circuit breaker, only a small current I2 flows through the overcurrent or short circuit, path 32, and the circuit breaker, which has enough margin for the tolerance value. .

従って、過電流耐量の小さい負荷であっても過電流から
十分に保護することかできる。Therefore, even a load with a small overcurrent withstand capacity can be sufficiently protected from overcurrent.

また、負荷回路３７中の半導体の定格が異なる場合には
、転流用スイ・ソチ２５の可動導体２６１こ働く電磁反
発力や接点２８．２９の間隔を適当な値に調整すること
により、その半導体のｌ２ｔの許容値以下に抑えること
が可能である。In addition, if the ratings of the semiconductors in the load circuit 37 are different, the electromagnetic repulsion acting on the movable conductor 261 of the commutation switch 25 and the spacing between the contacts 28 and 29 can be adjusted to appropriate values. It is possible to suppress l2t below the allowable value.

更に、上述した保護遮断は全て回路遮断器内で行われる
ので、負荷回路３７にバイパス回路を設けるといった追
加配線が不要であり、配線処理が極めて容易であると共
に、負荷回路３７全体を過電流から有効に保護できる。Furthermore, since all of the above-mentioned protective shutoffs are performed within the circuit breaker, there is no need for additional wiring such as providing a bypass circuit in the load circuit 37, making wiring processing extremely easy and protecting the entire load circuit 37 from overcurrent. Can be effectively protected.

そして、事故発生後に復旧する場合には、操作ハンドル
１７を時計回り方向へ回動すれば、それに連動するリン
ク機構１８により可動接触子１５が押し下げられて、そ
の可動接触子１５の接点１５ａが固定接触子１４の接点
１４ａに接触し、主回路３４が閉路される。従って、従
来のような速断ヒユーズ４の取換という面倒な作業が不
要で、復旧作業が極めて簡単である。When recovering after an accident occurs, when the operation handle 17 is rotated clockwise, the movable contact 15 is pushed down by the linked mechanism 18, and the contact 15a of the movable contact 15 is fixed. The contact point 14a of the contactor 14 is contacted, and the main circuit 34 is closed. Therefore, there is no need for the troublesome work of replacing the quick-break fuse 4 as in the prior art, and the restoration work is extremely simple.

一方、第４図は本発明の第２実施例を示したものであり
、１極分のみを図示しており、他の極も同一の構成であ
る。この第２実施例では、転流用スイッチ３９は、固定
導体４０をバイメタル２３のヒータ２３ａに接続して垂
直に立設し、この固定導体４０の上端に可動導体４１を
導通状態で回動可能に支持させている。そして、この可
動導体４１の下端部右側面には可動側接点４４か設けら
れ、この可動側接点４４が本体ケース１１の右端部に固
定された固定導体４５の短絡用接点４６と接離可能にな
っている。この固定導体４５の右端部には短絡回路用端
子４７が設けられ、凸極の短絡回路用端子４７が互いに
接続されて短絡回路４８が形成されている。更に、転流
用スイッチ３９の可動導体４１はばね４９によって左側
に付勢され、常には、両接点４４．４６間を開放した状
態に保持されて、短絡回路４８と主回路３４との間が開
放された状態に維持される。そして、固定導体４０と可
動導体４１との間には逆方向の電流が流れるから、側導
体４０．４１に過電流が流れたときには、側導体４０．
４１間に大きな電磁反発力か発生して、可動導体４１を
右方向に回動させ、両接点４４．４６を接触させて、短
絡回路４８を主回路３４に短絡させる。On the other hand, FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, and only one pole is shown, and the other poles have the same structure. In this second embodiment, the commutation switch 39 has a fixed conductor 40 connected to the heater 23a of the bimetal 23 and installed vertically, and a movable conductor 41 connected to the upper end of the fixed conductor 40 so as to be rotatable in a conductive state. I support it. A movable contact 44 is provided on the right side of the lower end of the movable conductor 41, and the movable contact 44 can connect and separate from the short-circuiting contact 46 of the fixed conductor 45 fixed to the right end of the main body case 11. It has become. A short circuit terminal 47 is provided at the right end of the fixed conductor 45, and the convex short circuit terminals 47 are connected to each other to form a short circuit 48. Furthermore, the movable conductor 41 of the commutation switch 39 is biased to the left by a spring 49, and the contacts 44 and 46 are always kept open, so that the short circuit 48 and the main circuit 34 are opened. maintained in the same state. Since current flows in the opposite direction between the fixed conductor 40 and the movable conductor 41, when an overcurrent flows through the side conductor 40.41, the side conductor 40.
A large electromagnetic repulsive force is generated between the movable conductor 41 and the movable conductor 41 to the right, bringing both contacts 44 and 46 into contact and short-circuiting the short circuit 48 to the main circuit 34.

一方、可動導体４１の下端には、可撓導体５０を介して
固定アーム５１か水平に支持されている。On the other hand, a fixed arm 51 is horizontally supported at the lower end of the movable conductor 41 via a flexible conductor 50.

これに対応して、可動アーム５２がビン５３を介して固
定導体６０に回動可能に支持され、この可動アーム５２
の接点５５が固定アーム５１の接点５４に接離可能にな
っている。そして、常には、ばね５６の付勢力により両
接点５４．５５が接触した状態に保持される。これら両
アーム５１，５２から限流装置５８が構成され、この限
流装置５８の左側方には消弧装置５９が設けられている
。Correspondingly, the movable arm 52 is rotatably supported by the fixed conductor 60 via the bin 53, and the movable arm 52
The contact 55 of the fixed arm 51 can be brought into contact with and separated from the contact 54 of the fixed arm 51. The contact points 54 and 55 are normally kept in contact with each other by the biasing force of the spring 56. These arms 51 and 52 constitute a current limiting device 58, and an arc extinguishing device 59 is provided on the left side of the current limiting device 58.

一方、可動アーム５２はピン５３を介して固定導体６０
に導通され、この固定導体６０の右端部に負荷側端子６
１が設置すられている。On the other hand, the movable arm 52 connects to the fixed conductor 60 via the pin 53.
The load side terminal 6 is connected to the right end of the fixed conductor 60.
1 is installed.

以上のように構成した回路遮断器を使用する場合には、
電源側端子１２を電源（図示せず）に接続する一方、負
荷側端子６１を負荷回路（図示せず）に接続する。When using a circuit breaker configured as above,
The power supply side terminal 12 is connected to a power supply (not shown), while the load side terminal 61 is connected to a load circuit (not shown).

この第２実施例では、短絡事故等により主回路３４に過
電流か流れると、引外し装置１９が動作して、可動接触
子１５を固定接触子１４から開離させて遮断動作を開始
する。このとき同時に、固定導体４０と転流用スイッチ
３９の可動導体４１との間に逆方向に過電流が流れて電
磁反発力が発生し、その電磁反発力により可動導体４１
をばね４９に抗して回動させ、可動側接点４４を固定側
接点４６に接触させて、短絡回路４８を主回路３４に短
絡させる。これにより、主回路３４の過電流は、転流用
スイッチ３９の両接点４４．４６を通して短絡回路４８
に転流分流される。このとき、限流装置５８の両アーム
５１．５２間に逆方向電流による電磁反発力が発生し、
それによって両アーム５１．５２をばね５６に抗して開
離させる。In this second embodiment, when an overcurrent flows through the main circuit 34 due to a short circuit accident or the like, the tripping device 19 is operated to separate the movable contact 15 from the fixed contact 14 and start a breaking operation. At the same time, an overcurrent flows in the opposite direction between the fixed conductor 40 and the movable conductor 41 of the commutation switch 39, and electromagnetic repulsion is generated.
is rotated against the spring 49 to bring the movable contact 44 into contact with the fixed contact 46, thereby shorting the short circuit 48 to the main circuit 34. As a result, overcurrent in the main circuit 34 passes through both contacts 44 and 46 of the commutation switch 39 to the short circuit 48.
The current is commutated and shunted. At this time, an electromagnetic repulsion force is generated between the arms 51 and 52 of the current limiting device 58 due to the reverse current.
This forces the arms 51, 52 apart against the spring 56.

これにより、負荷回路に流れる電流は、接点５４゜５５
の開離による消弧装置５９の限流遮断によって、主回路
３４のインピーダンスが急激に大きくなって最終的には
遮断される。このため、短絡回路４８への転流が極めて
速やかに行われるようになり、負荷回路の保護が一層完
全になる。As a result, the current flowing in the load circuit is
When the arc extinguishing device 59 is cut off due to the opening of the main circuit 34, the impedance of the main circuit 34 increases rapidly and is eventually cut off. Therefore, the commutation to the short circuit 48 occurs very quickly and the protection of the load circuit becomes more complete.

一方、第５図は本発明の第３実施例を示したもので、１
極分のみを図示している。この第３実施例の転流用スイ
ッチ６２の構成は次のような構成になっている。即ち、
ヒータ２３ａに接続された固定導体６３に、ビン６４を
介して可動導体６５を回動可能に設けている。この可動
導体６５の先端側部分には、２つの接点６６．６７が左
右両側に設けられ、右側の接点６７が固定導体６８の短
絡用接点６９に接離可能になっている。この固定導体６
８の右端部には短絡回路用端子７０が設けられ、凸極の
短絡回路用端子７０が互いに接続されて短絡回路７１が
形成されている。On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
Only the polar portions are shown. The configuration of the commutation switch 62 of this third embodiment is as follows. That is,
A movable conductor 65 is rotatably provided on a fixed conductor 63 connected to the heater 23a via a pin 64. Two contacts 66 and 67 are provided on both left and right sides of the movable conductor 65 at the tip thereof, and the right contact 67 is capable of contacting and separating from the shorting contact 69 of the fixed conductor 68. This fixed conductor 6
A short circuit terminal 70 is provided at the right end of the terminal 8, and the convex short circuit terminals 70 are connected to each other to form a short circuit 71.

一方、可動導体６５はばね７２により左方に付勢され、
常には、可動導体６５の右側の接点６７が固定導体６８
の接点６９から開離された状態に保持されると共に、可
動導体６５の左側の接点６６がアークランナー７３に設
けた接点７４に接触された状態に保持される。この場合
、アークランナー７３は、本体ケース１１の右側部に設
けられた固定導体７５に一体に形成され、この固定導体
７５の右端部に負荷側端子７６が設けられている。On the other hand, the movable conductor 65 is biased to the left by the spring 72,
Normally, the contact 67 on the right side of the movable conductor 65 is connected to the fixed conductor 68.
The contact 66 on the left side of the movable conductor 65 is held in contact with the contact 74 provided on the arc runner 73. In this case, the arc runner 73 is integrally formed with a fixed conductor 75 provided on the right side of the main body case 11, and a load side terminal 76 is provided on the right end of the fixed conductor 75.

そして、アークランナー７３は消弧装置７７に対向して
いる。Further, the arc runner 73 faces the arc extinguishing device 77.

この第３実施例では、短絡事故等により主回路３４に過
電流が流れると、引外し装置１９が動作して、可動接触
子１５を固定接触子１４から開離させて遮断動作を開始
する。このとき同時に、転流用スイッチ６２の可動導体
６５と固定導体７５との間に逆方向に過電流が流れて電
磁反発力が発生し、その電磁反発力により可動導体６５
をばね７２に抗して右方に回動させ、左側の接点６６を
アークランナー７３の接点７４から開離させると共に、
右側の接点６７を短絡回路７１の接点６９に接触させて
、短絡回路７１を主回路３４に短絡させる。これにより
、主回路３４の過電流は、転流用スイッチ６２の両接点
６７．６９を通して短絡回路７１に転流される。In this third embodiment, when an overcurrent flows through the main circuit 34 due to a short-circuit accident or the like, the tripping device 19 is operated to separate the movable contact 15 from the fixed contact 14 and start a breaking operation. At the same time, an overcurrent flows in the opposite direction between the movable conductor 65 and the fixed conductor 75 of the commutation switch 62, and electromagnetic repulsion is generated.
is rotated to the right against the spring 72 to separate the left contact 66 from the contact 74 of the arc runner 73,
Contact 67 on the right side is brought into contact with contact 69 of short circuit 71 to short circuit short circuit 71 to main circuit 34 . As a result, overcurrent in the main circuit 34 is commutated to the short circuit 71 through both contacts 67 and 69 of the commutation switch 62.

この場合においても、負荷側の主回路３４が転流用スイ
ッチ６２の両接点６６．７４間の開離により速やかに限
流遮断されるので、負荷回路の保護が万全なものとなる
。Even in this case, the main circuit 34 on the load side is quickly current-limited and cut off by opening the contacts 66 and 74 of the commutation switch 62, so that the load circuit is completely protected.

尚、本発明は、前記実施例のような２極、３極の回路遮
断器に限定されず、４極以上であっても全ての極を短絡
回路で接続する構成とすれば、本発明の所期の目的は達
成できる。Note that the present invention is not limited to two-pole or three-pole circuit breakers as in the above embodiments, but even if the circuit breaker has four or more poles, all poles can be connected with a short circuit. The intended purpose can be achieved.

その他、本発明は、例えばリンク機構１８や引外し装置
１９の構成を適宜変更しても良い等、種々の変形が可能
である。In addition, the present invention can be modified in various ways, for example, the configurations of the link mechanism 18 and the tripping device 19 may be changed as appropriate.

［発明の効果］ 本発明は以上の説明から明らかなように、凸極の主回路
にそれぞれ可動導体を直列に設けると共に、凸極の可動
導体に対応してそれぞれ短絡用接点を設け、これら各短
絡用接点を短絡回路により接続し、主回路に過電流が流
れたときに前記可動導体を前記短絡用接点に接触させて
、凸極の主回路を短絡回路に短絡させるように構成した
ので、事故発生後の復旧作業が簡単であると共に、回路
遮断器の負荷側に対して追加配線を必要とせず、配線処
理か簡単であり、しかも、負荷回路に過電流耐量の小さ
い半導体等があっても、その負荷回路全体を過電流から
有効に保護できる。[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, the present invention provides movable conductors in series in each of the main circuits of the convex poles, and provides short-circuiting contacts corresponding to the movable conductors of the convex poles. The shorting contacts are connected by a shorting circuit, and when an overcurrent flows in the main circuit, the movable conductor is brought into contact with the shorting contacts to short-circuit the main circuit of the convex pole to the shorting circuit. Restoration work after an accident is easy, no additional wiring is required on the load side of the circuit breaker, wiring is simple, and the load circuit contains semiconductors with low overcurrent resistance. can also effectively protect the entire load circuit from overcurrent.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図乃至第３図は本発明の第１実施例を示したもので
、第１図は電気回路図、第２図は全体の縦断正面図、第
３図（ａ）乃至（ｃ）は遮断動作詩の各部の電流の経時
的変化を示す図である。 そして、第４図は本発明の第２実施例を示す１極分の電
気回路図、第５図は本発明の第３実施例を示す１極分の
電気回路図である。そして、第６図は従来例を示す電気
回路図である。 図面中、１１は本体ケース、１２は電源側端子、１３は
負荷側端子、１４は固定接触子、１５は可動接触子、１
７は操作ハンドル、１８はリンク機構、１９は引外し装
置、２１は瞬時例外しコイル、２４は固定導体、２５は
転流用スイッチ、２６は可動導体、３０は固定導体、３
０ａは短絡回路用端子、３２は短絡回路、３４は主回路
、３７は負荷回路、３９は転施用スイッチ、４０は固定
導体、４１は可動導体、４７は短絡回路用端子、４８は
短絡回路、５８は限流装置、５９は消弧装置、６０は固
定導体、６１は負荷側端子、６２は転流用スイッチ、６
３は固定導体、６５は可動導体、６８は固定導体、７０
は短絡回路用端子、７１は短絡回路、７３はアークラン
ナー　７５は固定導体、７６は負荷側端子、７７は消弧
装置である。 ≦ｒ　　　”ｉＪ　　　Ｌ〜 平成 年 月１１ １　。 ２゜1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram, FIG. 2 is an overall longitudinal sectional front view, and FIGS. 3(a) to (c) are FIG. 3 is a diagram showing changes over time in the current of each part of the cut-off operation poem. FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram for one pole showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is an electric circuit diagram for one pole showing a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an electric circuit diagram showing a conventional example. In the drawing, 11 is a main body case, 12 is a power supply side terminal, 13 is a load side terminal, 14 is a fixed contact, 15 is a movable contact, 1
7 is an operation handle, 18 is a link mechanism, 19 is a tripping device, 21 is a momentary exception coil, 24 is a fixed conductor, 25 is a commutation switch, 26 is a movable conductor, 30 is a fixed conductor, 3
0a is a short circuit terminal, 32 is a short circuit, 34 is a main circuit, 37 is a load circuit, 39 is a transfer switch, 40 is a fixed conductor, 41 is a movable conductor, 47 is a short circuit terminal, 48 is a short circuit, 58 is a current limiter, 59 is an arc extinguisher, 60 is a fixed conductor, 61 is a load side terminal, 62 is a commutation switch, 6
3 is a fixed conductor, 65 is a movable conductor, 68 is a fixed conductor, 70
71 is a short circuit terminal, 73 is an arc runner, 75 is a fixed conductor, 76 is a load side terminal, and 77 is an arc extinguishing device. ≦r ”iJ L~ Heisei 11 1. 2゜

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １、複数の電源側端子と複数の負荷側端子との間に、そ
れぞれ固定接触子と、この固定接触子に接離する可動接
触子とを設けて複数極の主回路を構成すると共に、各極
の主回路に過電流が流れたときに前記可動接触子を前記
固定接触子から離間させて負荷電流を遮断する引外し装
置を設けた回路遮断器において、各極の主回路にそれぞ
れ直列に設けられ主回路に過電流が流れたときに所定方
向に変位する可動導体と、各極の可動導体に対応してそ
れぞれ設けられ主回路に過電流が流れたときに当該可動
導体が接触する短絡用接点と、各極の短絡用接点を接続
する短絡回路とを具備して成る回路遮断器。1. A fixed contact and a movable contact that connects and separates from the fixed contact are provided between the plurality of power supply side terminals and the plurality of load side terminals to configure a multi-pole main circuit, and each In a circuit breaker provided with a tripping device that separates the movable contact from the fixed contact and interrupts the load current when an overcurrent flows in the main circuit of each pole, the circuit breaker is connected in series to the main circuit of each pole. A movable conductor that is provided and displaces in a predetermined direction when an overcurrent flows through the main circuit, and a short circuit that is provided corresponding to each movable conductor of each pole and that comes into contact with the movable conductor when an overcurrent flows through the main circuit. A circuit breaker comprising a short-circuit contact and a short circuit that connects the short-circuit contact of each pole.