JPH0458017B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0458017B2
JPH0458017B2 JP58061934A JP6193483A JPH0458017B2 JP H0458017 B2 JPH0458017 B2 JP H0458017B2 JP 58061934 A JP58061934 A JP 58061934A JP 6193483 A JP6193483 A JP 6193483A JP H0458017 B2 JPH0458017 B2 JP H0458017B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
toner
styrene
copolymer
fixing
core material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP58061934A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59187351A (en
Inventor
Toshiaki Nakahara
Ichiro Oosaki
Naoyuki Ushama
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Inc
Original Assignee
Canon Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Priority to JP58061934A priority Critical patent/JPS59187351A/en
Publication of JPS59187351A publication Critical patent/JPS59187351A/en
Publication of JPH0458017B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0458017B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00Developers
    • G03G9/08Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/087Binders for toner particles
    • G03G9/08702Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • G03G9/08706Polymers of alkenyl-aromatic compounds
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00Developers
    • G03G9/08Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/093Encapsulated toner particles
    • G03G9/09307Encapsulated toner particles specified by the shell material
    • G03G9/09314Macromolecular compounds
    • G03G9/09321Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳现な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は電子写真法あるいは静電印刷法などに
斌いお、静電気朜像を珟像するのに甚いられるカ
プセルトナヌに関する。 埓来、電子写真法ずしおは米囜特蚱第2297681
号明现曞、特公昭42−23910号公報米囜特蚱第
3666363号明现曞及び特公昭43−24748号公報
米囜特蚱第4071361号明现曞等に蚘茉されおい
る劂く、倚数の方法が知られおいるが、䞀般には
光導電性物質を利甚し、皮々の手段により、感光
䜓䞊に電気的朜像を圢成し、次いで該朜像をトナ
ヌを甚いお珟像し、必芁に応じお玙などの転写材
にトナヌ画像を転写した埌、加熱、圧力或いは溶
剀蒞気などにより定着し、耇写物を埗るものであ
る。 たた、電気的朜像をトナヌを甚いお可芖化する
珟像方法も皮々知られおいるが、倧別しお也匏珟
像法ず湿匏珟像法ずがある。前者は曎に二成分珟
像剀を甚いる方法ず、䞀成分珟像剀を甚いる方法
ずに二分される。 二成分珟像方法に属するものにはトナヌを搬送
するキダリアヌの皮類により、鉄粉キダリアヌを
甚いる磁気ブラシ法、ビヌズキダリアヌを甚いる
カスケヌド法等が広く実甚化されおいる。これら
の方法は、いずれも比范的安定に良画像の埗られ
る優れた方法であるが、反面、キダリアヌの劣
化、トナヌずキダリアヌの混合比の倉動による画
像の倉動ずいう二成分珟像剀にた぀わる共通の欠
点を有する。 これらの欠点を回避するため、トナヌのみより
なる䞀成分珟像剀を甚いる珟像方法が各皮提案さ
れおいるが、䞭でも磁性トナヌを䜿甚した方法に
優れたものが倚く実甚化されおいる。磁性䞀成分
珟像剀を䜿甚する珟像方法ずしおは、導電性トナ
ヌを䜿甚するマグネドラむ法があるが、これは珟
像に察しおは安定しおいるものの、いわゆる普通
玙等の転写材に察する転写性の問題がある。 そこで転写性の良い高抵抗の磁性トナヌを甚い
る方法ずしお、特開昭52−94140号公報西ドむ
ツ特蚱第2704361号明现曞のトナヌ粒子の誘電
分極を䜿甚する方法、特開昭53−31136号公報
米囜特蚱第4121931号明现曞のトナヌの攪乱に
よる電荷移送の方法等があるが、珟像の安定性に
問題がある。又、近幎本出願人が提案した珟像方
法ずしお、特開昭54−42141号公報、特開昭55−
18656号公報の劂き朜像に察しおトナヌ粒子を飛
翔させお珟像する方法が実甚化されおいる。これ
はスリヌブ䞊に磁性トナヌをきわめお薄く塗垃し
これを摩擊垯電し、次いでこれを磁界の䜜甚の䞋
で静電像にきわめお近接し、か぀接觊する事なく
察向させ、珟像するものである。この方法によれ
ば、磁性トナヌをスリヌブ䞊にきわめお薄く塗垃
する事によりスリヌブずトナヌの接觊する機䌚を
増し、十分な摩擊垯電を可胜にした事、磁力によ
぀おトナヌを支持し、か぀磁石ずトナヌを盞察的
に移動させる事によりトナヌ粒子盞互の凝集を解
くずずもにスリヌブず十分に摩擊せしめおいる
事、トナヌを磁力によ぀お支持し又これを静電像
に接する事なく察向させお珟像する事により地カ
ブリを防止しおいる事等によ぀おすぐれが画像が
埗られるものである。 珟像されたトナヌ画像を定着する方匏ずしお
は、赀倖線ヒヌタヌあるいは熱ロヌラヌなどによ
り加熱溶融しお支持䜓に融着固化させる方法が䞀
般的であるが火灜の危険防止、消費電力の節枛等
の理由から剛䜓ロヌラヌによる加圧定着方匏ぞず
倉り぀぀ある。 トナヌは各々の定着法に適する様に材料を遞択
され、特定の定着法に䜿甚されるトナヌは他の定
着法に䜿甚できないのが䞀般的である。特に赀倖
線ヒヌタヌによる熱溶融定着甚トナヌを熱ロヌラ
ヌ定着甚トナヌずしお流甚する事は䞍可胜であ
り、たしお熱定着甚トナヌず圧力定着甚トナヌず
の互換性は殆どない。埓぀お、個々の定着法に適
したトナヌが研究開発されおおり、䞀成分圧力定
着法甚のトナヌは曎に改良が重ねられおいる。ト
ナヌを加圧により定着する方法は、耇写シヌトの
焌け焊げの危険がないこず、耇写機の電源を入れ
れば埅時間なしで耇写が行なえるこず、高速定着
が可胜なこず、定着装眮が簡単なこずなど利点が
倚い。 この様な加圧定着可胜なトナヌずしおは構成暹
脂が加圧定着に適した特性を有しおいる必芁があ
り、この目的にあ぀た暹脂の開発が積極的に行な
われおいる。しかしながら、加圧定着性が優れ、
加圧ロヌラヌぞのオフセツト珟象を起さず、繰り
返し䜿甚に察しおも珟像性胜、定着性胜が安定し
おおり、キダリア、金属スリヌブ、感光䜓衚面ぞ
の癒着を起さず、保存䞭に凝集、ケヌキ化しない
保存安定性の良奜な実甚的な圧力定着トナヌは埗
られおいない。 特に、加圧定着法の点で普通玙ぞの定着性に問
題が残されおいる。硬質暹脂の殻を蚭けたカプセ
ル型のトナヌも皮々提案されおいる。䟋えば、特
開昭54−8104号公報米囜特蚱第3788994号明现
曞などに芋られる様な軟質物質を芯ずするカプ
セルトナヌ、あるいは又、軟質暹脂溶液芯カプセ
ルトナヌがあるが、圧力定着胜䞍足、オフセツト
珟象等の未解決の問題が倚く、実甚化されるに至
぀おいない。 さらに、䞊述の劂きカプセルトナヌはその粒子
間に斌いお、あるいは、カプセルトナヌずスリヌ
ブのごずくトナヌ担持䜓間に斌いお、カプセルト
ナヌ粒子衚面の発生電荷量にバラツキを生じ、珟
像かぶり、トナヌ飛散等の障害が発生しやすく荷
電制埡性が䞍安定である。 たたこれらは、耇写枚数を重ねた際に特に顕著
な珟象ずな぀お珟われ、実質䞊耇写機には適さな
い結果ずなる。 本発明は、前述の劂き欠点のないカプセルトナ
ヌを提䟛するものである。 ずりわけ、本発明の目的は、優れた荷電制埡性
ならびに安定した荷電制埡性を瀺すカプセルトナ
ヌを提䟛するものである。 曎に本発明は、普通玙に察しお埓来よりも䜎圧
力で良奜な定着性を有し、倚数枚耇写を行な぀お
も珟像性胜、定着性胜が安定しおいる圧力定着性
カプセルトナヌを提䟛するものである。 曎に、本発明の目的は、珟像性及び転写性の優
れた圧力定着性カプセルトナヌを提䟛するもので
ある。 曎に、本発明は磁性埮粉子を含有せしめ䞀成分
系珟像剀甚の磁性トナヌずした堎合にも、良奜な
圧力定着性を瀺し、良奜な磁性を瀺し、䞔぀静電
的に転写のできる圧力定着性カプセルトナヌを提
䟛するものである。 本発明の特城ずするずころは、芯物質ず、該芯
物質の党䜓たたは䞀郚を芆う倖殻ずから構成され
るカプセルトナヌに斌いお、倖殻が䞀般匏 〔匏䞭R1は、C0からC12のアルキレンを瀺し、
R2R3は、氎玠原子たたはC1からC20のアルキル
基を瀺す。〕 で衚される䞊蚘アミノスチレンたたは同アミノス
チレンの誘導䜓、 たたはそれらの第玚アンモニりム塩ず、スチ
レンずから生成されたアミノスチレン−スチレン
系共重合䜓共重合モル比〜を含
有するこずを特城ずするカプセルトナヌにある。 本発明のカプセルトナヌを補造する方法は皮々
の公知のカプセル化技術を利甚するこずができ
る。䟋えば、スプレヌドラむ法、界面重合法、コ
アセルベヌシペン法、盞分離法、in−situ重合法
など米囜特蚱第3338991号明现曞、同第3326848号
明现曞、同第3502582号明现曞などに蚘茉されお
いる方法などが䜿甚できる。 本発明に甚いられる芯物質を構成する暹脂ずし
おは、圧力定着性トナヌを構成する堎合には、線
圧20Kgcm皋床以䞋の圧力によ぀お普通玙の繊維
に絡みやすいものが良く、密床0.94cm3以䞊の
ポリ゚チレンやパラフむンワツクスが奜たしい。 0.94cm2以䞊のポリ゚チレンずしおは、特
に、140℃における溶融粘床が600CPS以䞋である
もの奜たしく、いわゆる䜎分子量のポリ゚チレ
ン、たたはポリ゚チレンワツクスずしお知られる
ものであり重合法たたは分解法で補造されるもの
である。溶融粘床が600CPS以䞋であり、密床が
0.94cm3以䞊であるポリ゚チレンで垂販されお
いるものずしおは䟋えば、 ACポリ゚チレン  アラむド・ケミカル補 0.94cm3350 CPS ハむワツクス 310P䞉井石油化孊補 0.94cm3250 CPS ハむワツクス 410P䞉井石油化孊補 0.94cm3550 CPS 〃 405P䞉井石油化孊補 0.96cm3550 CPS 〃 400P䞉井石油化孊補 0.97cm3550 CPS 等がある。 150CPS以䞋で密床が0.94cm3以䞊のものず
しおは、次のような䟋がある。 ハむワツクス 200P䞉井石油化孊補 0.97cm370 CPS ヘキストワツクス PE130 ヘキストAG補 0.95cm3117 CPS たたパラフむンワツクスずしおは次衚のような
ものがある。
The present invention relates to a capsule toner used for developing an electrostatic latent image in electrophotography or electrostatic printing. Conventionally, as an electrophotographic method, U.S. Patent No. 2297681
specification, Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-23910 (U.S. Patent No.
A number of methods are known, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3666363) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-24748 (U.S. Patent No. 4071361), but generally they utilize photoconductive substances, An electrical latent image is formed on the photoreceptor by various means, and then the latent image is developed using toner. After the toner image is transferred to a transfer material such as paper as necessary, heat, pressure, or Copies are obtained by fixing with solvent vapor or the like. Various developing methods are also known for visualizing electrical latent images using toner, and these can be broadly classified into dry developing methods and wet developing methods. The former method is further divided into methods using a two-component developer and methods using a single-component developer. Among the two-component developing methods, the magnetic brush method using an iron powder carrier, the cascade method using a bead carrier, etc. are widely put into practical use, depending on the type of carrier for conveying the toner. All of these methods are excellent methods that can produce good images relatively stably, but on the other hand, they have common drawbacks associated with two-component developers, such as carrier deterioration and image fluctuations due to fluctuations in the toner and carrier mixing ratio. has. In order to avoid these drawbacks, various development methods using a one-component developer consisting only of toner have been proposed, and among them, many excellent methods using magnetic toner have been put into practical use. A developing method that uses a magnetic one-component developer is the MagneDry method that uses conductive toner, but although this method is stable during development, it has poor transferability on transfer materials such as plain paper. There's a problem. Therefore, as a method using a high-resistance magnetic toner with good transferability, there is a method using dielectric polarization of toner particles as described in JP-A-52-94140 (West German Patent No. 2704361), and JP-A-53-31136. There is a method of transferring charge by disturbing toner, etc., as disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,121,931, but there is a problem with the stability of development. In addition, as developing methods proposed by the present applicant in recent years,
A method of developing a latent image by flying toner particles as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 18656 has been put into practical use. This involves applying a very thin layer of magnetic toner onto the sleeve, triboelectrically charging it, and then developing it by facing the electrostatic image very close to, but not in contact with, the electrostatic image under the action of a magnetic field. According to this method, by applying an extremely thin layer of magnetic toner onto the sleeve, the chances of contact between the sleeve and the toner are increased, and sufficient frictional electrification is possible. By moving the toner relatively, the toner particles are disaggregated and are sufficiently rubbed against the sleeve, and the toner is supported by magnetic force and developed by facing the electrostatic image without coming into contact with it. By preventing background fog, etc., excellent images can be obtained. The most common method for fixing the developed toner image is to heat it with an infrared heater or a heated roller, and fuse it to the support. There is a shift towards pressure fixing using rigid rollers. Toner materials are selected to suit each fixing method, and toners used in a particular fixing method generally cannot be used in other fixing methods. In particular, it is impossible to reuse toner for heat-melting fixing using an infrared heater as toner for fixing with a heat roller, and furthermore, there is almost no compatibility between toner for heat fixing and toner for pressure fixing. Therefore, toners suitable for each fixing method have been researched and developed, and toners for one-component pressure fixing methods have been further improved. The method of fixing toner by applying pressure has the following advantages: there is no risk of burning the copy sheet, copying can be done without waiting time when the copier is turned on, high-speed fixing is possible, and the fixing device is simple. There are many advantages such as For such a toner that can be fixed by pressure, the constituent resin must have characteristics suitable for pressure fixing, and resins suitable for this purpose are actively being developed. However, it has excellent pressure fixing properties,
There is no offset phenomenon to the pressure roller, the developing performance and fixing performance are stable even after repeated use, there is no adhesion to the carrier, metal sleeve, or photoreceptor surface, and there is no aggregation or agglomeration during storage. A practical pressure fixing toner that does not form a cake and has good storage stability has not been obtained. In particular, problems remain in the fixability to plain paper in terms of the pressure fixing method. Various capsule-type toners having hard resin shells have also been proposed. For example, there are capsule toners with a soft material core as seen in JP-A-54-8104 (U.S. Pat. No. 3,788,994), and capsule toners with a soft resin solution core, but they have a pressure fixing ability. There are many unresolved problems such as shortage and offset phenomenon, and it has not been put into practical use. Furthermore, the above-mentioned capsule toner causes variations in the amount of charge generated on the surface of the capsule toner particles between the particles or between the capsule toner and a toner carrier such as a sleeve, resulting in development fogging, toner scattering, etc. failure is likely to occur and charge control is unstable. Furthermore, these phenomena become particularly noticeable when the number of copies is increased, resulting in a result that is practically unsuitable for copying machines. The present invention provides a capsule toner that does not have the drawbacks mentioned above. Particularly, an object of the present invention is to provide a capsule toner that exhibits excellent charge controllability and stable charge controllability. Further, the present invention provides a pressure fixing capsule toner that has good fixing properties on plain paper at a lower pressure than conventional ones, and has stable developing performance and fixing performance even when copying a large number of sheets. It is something. A further object of the present invention is to provide a pressure-fixable capsule toner with excellent developability and transferability. Furthermore, the present invention shows good pressure fixing properties even when used as a magnetic toner for a one-component developer containing magnetic fine powder, and shows good magnetic properties and is capable of electrostatic transfer. The present invention provides a capsule toner with sexual characteristics. A feature of the present invention is that in a capsule toner composed of a core material and an outer shell that covers the whole or a part of the core material, the outer shell has a general formula: [In the formula, R 1 represents C 0 to C 12 alkylene,
R 2 and R 3 represent a hydrogen atom or a C 1 to C 20 alkyl group. ] An aminostyrene-styrene copolymer produced from the above aminostyrene or a derivative thereof, or a quaternary ammonium salt thereof, and styrene (copolymerization molar ratio 1/9 to 9/ 5) A capsule toner characterized by containing the following. The method for manufacturing the capsule toner of the present invention can utilize various known encapsulation techniques. For example, spray drying method, interfacial polymerization method, coacervation method, phase separation method, in-situ polymerization method, etc. are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 3338991, 3326848, and 3502582. You can use the methods described. When constituting a pressure-fixable toner, the resin constituting the core material used in the present invention is preferably one that easily entangles with the fibers of plain paper under a linear pressure of about 20 kg/cm or less, and has a density of 0.94 Polyethylene or paraffin wax of g/cm 3 or more is preferred. As the polyethylene having a weight of 0.94 g/cm 2 or more, it is particularly preferable to have a melt viscosity at 140°C of 600 CPS or less, and it is a so-called low molecular weight polyethylene or a polyethylene wax that is manufactured by a polymerization method or a decomposition method. It is something that The melt viscosity is less than 600CPS and the density is
Examples of commercially available polyethylenes with a density of 0.94 g/cm 3 or more include AC polyethylene #9 (manufactured by Allied Chemical) (0.94 g/cm 3 , 350 CPS) Hiwatux 310P (manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical) (0.94 g /cm 3 ,250 CPS) Hiwatux 410P (Mitsui Petrochemicals) (0.94g/cm 3 ,550 CPS) 〃 405P (Mitsui Petrochemicals) (0.96g/cm 3 ,550 CPS) 〃 400P (Mitsui Petrochemicals) ) (0.97g/cm 3 , 550 CPS) etc. Examples of materials with a density of 0.94 g/cm 3 or more with a density of 150 CPS or less include the following. Hiwax 200P (manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemicals) (0.97 g/cm 3 , 70 CPS) Hoechst Wax PE130 (manufactured by Hoechst AG) (0.95 g/cm 3 , 117 CPS) In addition, paraffin waxes such as those shown in the following table are available. be.

【衚】【table】

【衚】【table】

【衚】 本発明においおは、前蚘の密床0.94cm3以䞊
のポリ゚チレンずパラフむンワツクスを適宜組み
合わせお甚いるのが良い。もちろん必芁に応じお
パラフむンワツクスの䞭で䜕皮類かを組み合わせ
おも良い。 前蚘ポリ゚チレンずパラフむンワツクスを組合
せるずきの配合比は重量で〜10、より
奜たしくは〜が良い。 本発明のカプセルトナヌの芯物質䞭に含有させ
る着色剀ずしおは公知の染顔料が䜿甚できる。䟋
えば各皮のカヌボンブラツク、アニリンブラツ
ク、ナフトヌルむ゚ロヌ、モリブデンオレンゞ、
ロヌダミンレヌキ、アリザリンレヌキ、メチルバ
むオレツトレヌキ、フタロシアニンブルヌ、ニグ
ロシンメチレンブルヌ、ロヌズベンガル、キノリ
ンむ゚ロヌ等が䟋ずしおあげられる。 本発明のカプセルトナヌを磁性トナヌずしお甚
いる堎合には、芯物質䞭に磁性粉を含有せしめる
こずができる。磁性粉ずしおは、鉄、コバルト、
ニツケルあるいはマンガン等匷磁性の元玠及びこ
れれらを含むマグネタむト、プラむト等の合
金、化合物などである。この磁性粉を着色剀ず兌
甚させおもよい。この磁性粉の含有量は芯物質䞭
の党おの暹脂100重量郚に察しお15から70重量郹
である。 本発明においお芯物質の党䜓たたは䞀郚を被芆
する倖殻は䞀般匏 〔匏䞭R1は、C0からC12のアルキレンを瀺し、
R2R3は、氎玠原子たたはC1からC20のアルキル
基を瀺す。〕 で衚されるアミノスチレンたたは同アミノスチレ
ンの誘導䜓、 たたはそれらの第玚アンモニりム塩ず、スチ
レンずから生成されたアミノスチレン−スチレン
系共重合䜓共重合モル比〜を含
有するが、䞊蚘アミノスチレンたたは同アミノス
チレンの誘導䜓の奜たしいものずしおは、−ア
ミノスチレン、−アミノスチレン、−アミノ
スチレン、−−ゞメチルアミノスチレ
ン、−−ゞメチルアミノスチレン、−
−ゞ゚チルアミノスチレン、−−
ゞプロピルアミノスチレン、−−ゞブチ
ルアミノスチレン、−−ラりリルアミノスチ
レン、−−ステアリルアミノスチレン、−
ビニルベンゞル゚チルアミン、−ビニルベンゞ
ルゞメチルアミン、−ビニルベンゞルゞメチル
アミン、−ビニルベンゞルゞ゚チルアミン、
−ビニルベンゞルゞプロピルアミン、−ビニル
ベンゞルゞブチルアミン、−ビニルベンゞルゞ
アミルアミン 等が䟋瀺でき、これらのアミンスチレンたたは同
アミンスチレンの誘導䜓は、ハロゲン化アルキル
類たたはハロゲン化アリヌル類等による第玚ア
ンモニりム塩ずしおも䜿甚するこずができる。 たた本発明においお、他のビニル基を有する
皮あるいは皮以䞊の単量䜓ずしおは、スチレ
ン、−メチルスチレン、−メチルスチレン、
・−ゞメチルスチレン、−・ブチルスチ
レン、−tert−ブチルスチレン、−・ドデ
シルスチレン、−クロルスチレン、−プニ
ルスチレン等のスチレン類、ビニルナフタレン
類、゚チレン、プロピレン、む゜ブチレン等の゚
チレン䞍飜和モノオレフむン類塩化ビニル、酢
酞ビニル、酪酞ビニル、ベンゟ゚酞ビニル等のビ
ニル゚ステル類アクリル酞メチル、アクリル酞
゚チル、アクリル酞−ブチル、アクリル酞む゜
ブチル、アクリル酞プロピル、アクリル酞−オ
クチル、アクリル酞ドデシル、アクリル酞ラりリ
ル、アクリル酞−゚チルヘキシル、アクリル酞
ステアリル、アクリル酞−クロル゚チル、アク
リル酞プニル、α−クロルアクリル酞メチル、
メタクリル酞メチル、メタクリル酞゚チル、メタ
クリル酞プロピル、メタクリル酞−ブチル、メ
タクリル酞む゜ブチル、メタクリル酞−オクチ
ル、メタクリル酞ドデシル、メタクリル酞ラりリ
ル、メタクリル酞−゚チルヘキシル、メタクリ
ル酞ステアリル、メタクリル酞プニル、メタク
リル酞ゞメチルアミノ゚チル、メタクリル酞ゞ゚
チルアミノ゚チルなどのα−メチレン脂肪族モノ
カルボン酞゚ステル類、アクリロニトリル、メタ
クリロニトリル、アクリルアミドなどのアクリル
酞もしくはメタクリル酞誘導䜓ビニルメチル゚
ヌテル、ビニル゚チル゚ヌテル、ビニルむ゜ブチ
ル゚ヌテルなどのビニル゚ヌテル類ビニルメチ
ルケトン、ビニルヘキシルケトン、メチルむ゜プ
ロペニルケトンなどのビニルケトン類−ビニ
ルピロヌル、−ビニルカルバゟヌル、−ビニ
ルむンドヌル、−ビニルピロリドンなどの−
ビニル化合物などを挙げるこずができる。 たた、本発明においお、芯物質の党䜓たたは䞀
郚を被芆する倖殻は、95重量以䞋の範囲で他の
暹脂を含有しおもよく、䟋えばポリスチレン、ポ
リ−クロルスチレン、ポリビニルトル゚ンなど
のスチレン及びその眮換䜓の単重合䜓スチレン
−−クロルスチレン共重合䜓、スチレン−プロ
ピレン共重合䜓、スチレン−ビニルトル゚ン共重
合䜓、スチレン−ビニルナフタリン共重合䜓、ス
チレン−アクリル酞メチル共重合䜓、スチレン−
アクリル酞゚チル共重合䜓、スチレン−アクリル
酞ブチル共重合䜓、スチレン−アクリル酞オクチ
ル共重合䜓、スチレン−メタクリル酞メチル共重
合䜓、スチレン−メタクリル酞゚チル共重合䜓、
スチレン−ゞメチルアミノ゚チルメタクリレヌト
共重合䜓、スチレン−ゞ゚チルアミノ゚チルメタ
クリレヌト共重合䜓、スチレン−ゞメチルアミノ
プロピルアミドアクリレヌト共重合䜓、スチレン
−メタクリル酞ブチル共重合䜓、スチレン−αク
ロルメタクリル酞メチル共重合䜓、スチレン−ア
クリロニトリル共重合䜓、スチレン−ビニルメチ
ル゚ヌテル共重合䜓、スチレン−ビニル゚チル゚
ヌテル共重合䜓、スチレン−ビニルメチルケトン
共重合䜓、スチレン−ブタゞ゚ン共重合䜓、スチ
レン−む゜プレン共重合䜓、スチレン−アクリロ
ニトリル−むンデン共重合䜓、スチレン−マレむ
ン酞共重合䜓、スチレン−マレむン酞゚ステル共
重合䜓などのスチレン系共重合䜓ポリメチルメ
タクリレヌト、ポリブチルメタクリレヌト、ポリ
塩化ビニル、ポリ酢酞ビニル、ポリ゚チレン、ポ
リプロピレン、ポリ゚ステル、ポリりレタン、ポ
リアミド、゚ポキシ暹脂、ポリビニルブチラヌ
ル、ポリアマむド、ポリアクリル酞暹脂、ロゞ
ン、倉性ロゞン、テルペン暹脂、プノヌル暹
脂、脂肪族又は脂環族炭化氎玠暹脂、芳銙族系石
油暹脂、塩玠化パラフむン、パラフむンワツクス
などが単独或いは混合しお䜿甚できる。 実斜䟋  芯物質は、ハむワツクス200P䞉井石油化孊
補20重量郚、パラフむンワツクス155日本粟蝶
補80重量郚、マグネタむト60重量郚を、150℃
で溶融混合し、スプレヌドラむダヌで造粒埌、也
匏分玚により粒埄が9.1Ό±4.5Όの球圢状のものを
埗た。 この芯物質を、盞分離法により、−−
ゞメチルアミノスチレン−スチレン共重合䜓モ
ル比ず、スチレン−ゞメチルアミノ゚チ
ルメタクリレヌト共重合䜓モル比〔䞡
者の共重合䜓の重量比〕で、0.3Όの膜厚で
被芆した。このトナヌに察しお、鉄粉200
〜300メツシナを混合しお摩擊垯電量を公
知の枬定方法で枬定したずころ11.0ÎŒcであ
぀た。 次にこのカプセルトナヌを磁性スリヌブを有す
る珟像噚に適甚し、負の静電荷を有する朜像を珟
像した埌、䞊質玙䞊に転写した。画像を有する転
写玙を䞡端から圧接力を加えられるようにした
本の加圧ロヌラヌからなる圧力定着噚を通したず
ころ125mmsecのスピヌドで10Kgcmの線圧力で
ほが完璧な定着性を瀺した。画像濃床は1.2であ
り、かぶりのない鮮明や反転画像が圢成され良奜
であ぀た。さらに、珟像噚䞭で、時間の空回転
の耐久詊隓埌、再び珟像、転写を行な぀たが、画
像濃床が1.5であり摩擊垯電量が13.0ÎŒcで
あり、画質の倉化も少なく、良奜な耐久性及び安
定した荷電制埡性が認められた。 比范䟋  実斜䟋の芯物質を、スチレン−メチルメタク
リレヌト共重合䜓モル比ずスチレン−
ゞメチルアミノ゚チルメタクリレヌト共重合䜓
モル比〔䞡者の共重合䜓の重量比
〕で、0.3Όの膜厚で被芆した。このカプセルト
ナヌを甚いお、実斜䟋ず同様な詊隓を行な぀た
ずころ、初期の摩擊垯電量は22.0ÎŒcであ぀
たが、30分の空回転で30.5ÎŒcに䞊昇し、た
たムラ珟象が発生し、さらに画像濃床の䜎䞋
0.6、かぶりが生じおした぀た。 実斜䟋  芯物質に、ハむワツクス200P10重量郚、パラ
フむンワツクス155 90重量郚、フタロシアニンブ
ル−重量郚を甚いお実斜䟋ず同様に行ない、
粒埄が10.3Ό±5.0Όのブルヌの芯物質を埗た。
この芯物質を、スプレヌドラむング法により、
−−ゞ゚チルアミノスチレン−スチレンの
共重合䜓モル比ずスチレン−ゞ゚チル
アミノ゚チルメタクリレヌト共重合䜓モル比
〔䞡者の共重合䜓の重量比〕で、
0.5Όの膜厚で被芆したずころ、このカプセルトナ
ヌの摩擊垯電電荷量は、16.4ÎŒcであ぀た。
このカプセルトナヌを200〜300メツシナの鉄粉ず
重量比でに混合しお、珟像剀ずし二成分珟
像法で、実斜䟋ず同様な詊隓を行な぀たずこ
ろ、空回転時間埌、鉄粉を陀去しお、再び摩擊
垯電電荷量を枬定したずころ、19.3ÎŒcであ
り、その増加量が少なく、たた、画像濃床及び画
質の倉化の少ない良奜な結果が埗られた。 比范䟋  実斜䟋で埗られた芯物質を、スチレン−アク
リロニトリル共重合䜓モル比ずスチレ
ン−ゞ゚チルアミノ゚チルメタクリレヌト共重合
䜓モル比〔䞡者の共重合䜓の重量比
〕で、0.5Όの膜厚で被芆した。このカプセ
ルトナヌを、実斜䟋ず同様な詊隓を行な぀たず
ころ初期の摩擊垯電電荷量が、15.7ÎŒcであ
぀たのに察し、空回転時間で21.0ÎŒcに増
倧し、著しい、画像濃床の䜎䞋、及びかぶりが生
じた。 実斜䟋  実斜䟋で埗られた芯物質を、盞分離法により
−ビニルベンゞルゞメチルアミン−スチレン共
重合䜓モル比ずスチレン−メチルメタ
クリレヌトの共重合䜓モル比〔䞡者の
共重合䜓の重量比〕で、0.3Όの膜厚で被芆
したずころ、このカプセルトナヌの摩擊垯電電荷
量は、9.8ÎŒcであ぀た。 このカプセルトナヌを、負垯電性の磁性トナヌ
キダノン補、NP−120甚トナヌず重量比で
になる様に混合しお、磁性スリヌブを有す
る珟像噚に適甚し、実斜䟋ず同様な詊隓を行な
぀たずころ、実斜䟋同様の良奜な結果が埗られ
た。
[Table] In the present invention, it is preferable to use a suitable combination of the above-mentioned polyethylene having a density of 0.94 g/cm 3 or more and paraffin wax. Of course, you may combine several types of paraffin waxes if necessary. The blending ratio when the polyethylene and paraffin wax are combined is preferably 8/2 to 0/10, more preferably 6/4 to 1/9 by weight. As the coloring agent contained in the core material of the capsule toner of the present invention, known dyes and pigments can be used. For example, various carbon blacks, aniline blacks, naphthol yellows, molybdenum oranges,
Examples include rhodamine lake, alizarin lake, methyl violet lake, phthalocyanine blue, nigrosine methylene blue, rose bengal, and quinoline yellow. When the capsule toner of the present invention is used as a magnetic toner, magnetic powder can be contained in the core material. Magnetic powders include iron, cobalt,
These include ferromagnetic elements such as nickel or manganese, and alloys and compounds containing these elements such as magnetite and ferrite. This magnetic powder may also be used as a coloring agent. The content of this magnetic powder is 15 to 70 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of all the resin in the core material. In the present invention, the outer shell covering all or part of the core material has the general formula [In the formula, R 1 represents C 0 to C 12 alkylene,
R 2 and R 3 represent a hydrogen atom or a C 1 to C 20 alkyl group. ] An aminostyrene-styrene copolymer produced from aminostyrene or a derivative thereof represented by the above, or a quaternary ammonium salt thereof, and styrene (copolymerization molar ratio 1/9 to 9/5) ), but the preferred aminostyrene or derivatives of the aminostyrene are o-aminostyrene, m-aminostyrene, p-aminostyrene, m-N,N-dimethylaminostyrene, p-N, N-dimethylaminostyrene, p-
N,N-diethylaminostyrene, p-N,N-
Dipropylaminostyrene, p-N,N-dibutylaminostyrene, p-N-laurylaminostyrene, p-N-stearylaminostyrene, p-
Vinylbenzylethylamine, o-vinylbenzyldimethylamine, p-vinylbenzyldimethylamine, p-vinylbenzyldiethylamine, p
Examples include -vinylbenzyldipropylamine, p-vinylbenzyldibutylamine, p-vinylbenzyldiamylamine, etc., and these aminestyrenes or derivatives of the same aminestyrenes are substituted with alkyl halides or aryl halides. It can also be used as a quaternary ammonium salt. In addition, in the present invention, 1 having another vinyl group
The species or two or more monomers include styrene, O-methylstyrene, P-methylstyrene,
Styrenes such as 2,4-dimethylstyrene, P-n-butylstyrene, P-tert-butylstyrene, P-n-dodecylstyrene, P-chlorostyrene, P-phenylstyrene, vinylnaphthalenes, ethylene, propylene , ethylenically unsaturated monoolefins such as isobutylene; vinyl esters such as vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl benzoate; methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, propyl acrylate , n-octyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, 2-chloroethyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, methyl α-chloroacrylate,
Methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, α-methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic acid esters such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and diethylaminoethyl methacrylate; acrylic acid or methacrylic acid derivatives such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and acrylamide; vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl isobutyl ether Vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl hexyl ketone, methyl isopropenyl ketone; N-vinyl pyrrole, N-vinyl carbazole, N-vinylindole, N-vinylpyrrolidone
Examples include vinyl compounds. Furthermore, in the present invention, the outer shell that covers all or part of the core material may contain other resins in a range of 95% by weight or less, such as polystyrene, polyP-chlorostyrene, polyvinyltoluene, etc. Homopolymers of styrene and its substituted products; styrene-P-chlorostyrene copolymer, styrene-propylene copolymer, styrene-vinyltoluene copolymer, styrene-vinylnaphthalene copolymer, styrene-methyl acrylate copolymer Combined, styrene-
Ethyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-octyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-ethyl methacrylate copolymer,
Styrene-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-dimethylaminopropylamide acrylate copolymer, styrene-butyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-alpha chloromethyl methacrylate copolymer, Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-vinyl methyl ether copolymer, styrene-vinylethyl ether copolymer, styrene-vinyl methyl ketone copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-isoprene copolymer, styrene- Styrenic copolymers such as acrylonitrile-indene copolymer, styrene-maleic acid copolymer, styrene-maleic acid ester copolymer; polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene, polypropylene , polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, epoxy resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide, polyacrylic acid resin, rosin, modified rosin, terpene resin, phenolic resin, aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon resin, aromatic petroleum resin, chlorinated paraffin , paraffin wax, etc. can be used alone or in combination. Example 1 The core materials were 20 parts by weight of Hiwax 200P (manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemicals), 80 parts by weight of Paraffin Wax 155 (manufactured by Nippon Seicho), and 60 parts by weight of magnetite at 150°C.
The mixture was melt-mixed using a spray dryer, granulated using a spray dryer, and then subjected to dry classification to obtain spherical particles with a particle size of 9.1 Ό±4.5 Ό. This core material was separated into P-N, N-
Dimethylaminostyrene-styrene copolymer (molar ratio 1/1) and styrene-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer (molar ratio 9/1) [weight ratio of both copolymers 1/1], 0.3Ό It was coated with a film thickness of . For 1g of this toner, iron powder (200
~300 mesh) was mixed and the amount of triboelectric charge was measured by a known measuring method, and it was found to be +11.0 ÎŒc/g. This capsule toner was then applied to a developer having a magnetic sleeve to develop a latent image with a negative electrostatic charge, which was then transferred onto high-quality paper. 2. Pressure can be applied to the transfer paper with the image from both ends.
When passed through a pressure fixing device consisting of a book pressure roller, it showed almost perfect fixing performance at a speed of 125 mm/sec and a linear pressure of 10 kg/cm. The image density was 1.2, and a good clear and reversed image with no fogging was formed. Furthermore, after a durability test of idling for 4 hours in the developing device, development and transfer were performed again, but the image density was 1.5 and the amount of triboelectric charge was +13.0ÎŒc/g, so there was little change in image quality. , good durability and stable charge control were observed. Comparative Example 1 The core material of Example 1 was mixed with styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer (molar ratio 1/1) and styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer (molar ratio 1/1).
Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer (molar ratio 9/1) [weight ratio of both copolymers 1/
1] and coated with a film thickness of 0.3Ό. When the same test as in Example 1 was conducted using this capsule toner, the initial triboelectric charge amount was +22.0 Όc/g, but it increased to +30.5 Όc/g after 30 minutes of idle rotation. In addition, an uneven phenomenon occurred, and furthermore, the image density decreased (0.6) and fogging occurred. Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out using 10 parts by weight of Hiwax 200P, 90 parts by weight of Paraffin Wax 155, and 5 parts by weight of Phthalocyanine Blue as core materials.
A blue core material with a particle size of 10.3 Όm±5.0 Όm was obtained.
This core material was dried using a spray drying method.
-N,N-diethylaminostyrene-styrene copolymer (mole ratio 1/1) and styrene-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer (mole ratio 9/1) [weight ratio of both copolymers 1/1] ,
When coated with a film thickness of 0.5 ÎŒm, the amount of triboelectric charge of this capsule toner was +16.4 ÎŒc/g.
This capsule toner was mixed with 200 to 300 meshes of iron powder at a weight ratio of 1/9 and used as a developer, and a test similar to Example 1 was conducted using a two-component development method. When the iron powder was removed and the amount of triboelectric charge was measured again, it was +19.3 .mu.c/g, indicating that the increase was small and good results were obtained with little change in image density and image quality. Comparative Example 2 The core material obtained in Example 2 was mixed with styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (molar ratio 1/1) and styrene-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer (molar ratio 9/1) [both copolymers It was coated with a film thickness of 0.5Ό at a weight ratio of 1/1]. When this capsule toner was subjected to the same test as in Example 2, the initial triboelectric charge amount was +15.7 Όc/g, but it increased to +21.0 Όc/g after 1 hour of idle rotation. , a significant decrease in image density and fogging occurred. Example 3 The core material obtained in Example 2 was separated into P-vinylbenzyldimethylamine-styrene copolymer (molar ratio 1/1) and styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer (molar ratio 1/1) using a phase separation method. 1) When the capsule toner was coated with a film thickness of 0.3 Όm at a weight ratio of 7/3, the amount of triboelectric charge of this capsule toner was +9.8 Όc/g. This capsule toner was mixed with a negatively charged magnetic toner (toner for NP-120 manufactured by Canon) at a weight ratio of 1:1, and applied to a developing device having a magnetic sleeve. When similar tests were conducted, good results similar to those of the Examples were obtained.

Claims (1)

【特蚱請求の範囲】  芯物質ず、該芯物質の党䜓たたは䞀郚を芆う
倖殻ずから構成される静電朜像珟像甚カプセルト
ナヌに斌いお、倖殻が、䞀般匏 〔匏䞭R1は、C0からC12のアルキレンを瀺し、
R2及びR3は、氎玠原子たたはC1からC20のアルキ
ル基を瀺す。〕 で衚される䞊蚘アミノスチレンたたは同アミノス
チレンの誘導䜓たたはそれらの第玚アンモニり
ム塩ず、スチレンずから生成されたアミノスチレ
ン−スチレン系共重合䜓共重合モル比〜
を含有するこずを特城ずする静電朜像珟
像甚カプセルトナヌ。
[Scope of Claims] 1. In a capsule toner for developing an electrostatic latent image that is composed of a core material and an outer shell that covers the whole or a part of the core material, the outer shell has the general formula [In the formula, R 1 represents C 0 to C 12 alkylene,
R 2 and R 3 represent a hydrogen atom or a C 1 to C 20 alkyl group. ] An aminostyrene-styrene copolymer produced from the above aminostyrene or a derivative thereof or a quaternary ammonium salt thereof represented by styrene (copolymerization molar ratio 1/9 to
9/5) A capsule toner for developing electrostatic latent images.
JP58061934A 1983-04-08 1983-04-08 Encapsulated toner for developing electrostatic latent image Granted JPS59187351A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58061934A JPS59187351A (en) 1983-04-08 1983-04-08 Encapsulated toner for developing electrostatic latent image

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58061934A JPS59187351A (en) 1983-04-08 1983-04-08 Encapsulated toner for developing electrostatic latent image

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59187351A JPS59187351A (en) 1984-10-24
JPH0458017B2 true JPH0458017B2 (en) 1992-09-16

Family

ID=13185499

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP58061934A Granted JPS59187351A (en) 1983-04-08 1983-04-08 Encapsulated toner for developing electrostatic latent image

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59187351A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9857712B2 (en) 2015-03-19 2018-01-02 Kyocera Document Solutions Inc. Electrostatic latent image developing toner

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6319661A (en) * 1986-07-12 1988-01-27 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Encapapsulated toner

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9857712B2 (en) 2015-03-19 2018-01-02 Kyocera Document Solutions Inc. Electrostatic latent image developing toner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59187351A (en) 1984-10-24

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