JPH0441689A - Hydrogen producing device - Google Patents
Hydrogen producing deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0441689A JPH0441689A JP2145325A JP14532590A JPH0441689A JP H0441689 A JPH0441689 A JP H0441689A JP 2145325 A JP2145325 A JP 2145325A JP 14532590 A JP14532590 A JP 14532590A JP H0441689 A JPH0441689 A JP H0441689A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- steam
- hydrogen
- combustor
- oxygen
- preheater
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野コ
本発明は原子力、火力の余剰電力利用による水素製造に
係り、特に低温蒸気を使用した水素製造に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to hydrogen production by utilizing surplus electricity from nuclear power or thermal power, and particularly relates to hydrogen production using low-temperature steam.
［従来の技術］
従来、固体電解質を利用した水蒸気電解法により、水素
を生成していた。これは、電解質部に電圧を印加するこ
とにより、高温水蒸気をＨ２（水素）と０２ （酸素
）に分離し、０２は空気側へ移動させるようにした方法
である。[Prior Art] Conventionally, hydrogen has been generated by steam electrolysis using a solid electrolyte. This is a method in which high-temperature steam is separated into H2 (hydrogen) and O2 (oxygen) by applying a voltage to the electrolyte section, and O2 is moved to the air side.
ここで、第４図を参照して固体高分子電解質の水電解に
よる水素ガス発生の原理について簡単に説明する。第４
図に示すように、固体高分子電解質セル２０は、カチオ
ン交換膜である固体高分子電解質膜２３の両面に触媒電
極、つまり陽極２４と陰極２２とを接合し、その両側に
多孔性の給電体２１．２５、さらにその両側に通電用の
端子板２６．２７を設けて、固体高分子電解質１１！２
３で仕切られた陽極室２８および陰極室２９で形成され
る。Here, the principle of hydrogen gas generation by water electrolysis of a solid polymer electrolyte will be briefly explained with reference to FIG. Fourth
As shown in the figure, the solid polymer electrolyte cell 20 has catalyst electrodes, that is, an anode 24 and a cathode 22, bonded to both sides of a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 23, which is a cation exchange membrane, and a porous power supply material on both sides. 21.25, and terminal plates 26.27 for electricity are provided on both sides of the solid polymer electrolyte 11!2.
It is formed of an anode chamber 28 and a cathode chamber 29 which are partitioned by 3.
このような構成において、入口３０より蒸気を供給し、
セルに直流電圧をかけると、蒸気の電気分解が起こり、
陽極室２８では酸素ガスが生成され、このとき生成され
た水素イオンＨ÷が、固体高分子電解質膜２３中を水和
水を伴って陰極室２９側へ移動する。そして、陰極室２
９の陰極２２において、水素イオンＨ＋は電子を受は取
り、水素ガスＨ２になる。このため、陰極２２側へ蒸気
に供給する必要はない。なお、図中３１は水素ガスの出
口、３２は酸素ガスの出口である。In such a configuration, steam is supplied from the inlet 30,
When a DC voltage is applied to the cell, electrolysis of the steam occurs,
Oxygen gas is generated in the anode chamber 28, and the hydrogen ions H÷ generated at this time move through the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 23 to the cathode chamber 29 along with hydration water. And cathode chamber 2
At the cathode 22 of No. 9, the hydrogen ions H+ accept and take electrons and become hydrogen gas H2. Therefore, there is no need to supply steam to the cathode 22 side. In the figure, 31 is a hydrogen gas outlet, and 32 is an oxygen gas outlet.
［発明が解決しようとする課題Ｊ
ところで、上記したような従来の固体電解質を利用した
水蒸気電解法では、入力源として少なくとも８００℃以
上の高温水蒸気も必要とする。このため、その水蒸気供
給源としては例えば高温ガス炉や核融合炉といった高温
水蒸気を供給可能な原子炉のみが対象とされていた。[Problem to be Solved by the Invention J] By the way, the conventional steam electrolysis method using a solid electrolyte as described above also requires high-temperature steam of at least 800° C. or higher as an input source. For this reason, only nuclear reactors capable of supplying high-temperature steam, such as high-temperature gas reactors and nuclear fusion reactors, have been targeted as steam supply sources.
本発明は上記のような点に鑑みなされたもので、例えば
軽水炉、火力発電設備等の比較的低温な熱源により発生
する水蒸気を利用しても水素を生成することのできる水
素製造装置を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a hydrogen production device that can generate hydrogen even by using steam generated from a relatively low-temperature heat source such as a light water reactor or thermal power generation equipment. The purpose is to
［課題を解決するための手段］
すなわち、本発明に係る水素製造装置は、燃焼機によっ
て加熱された水蒸気を水蒸気電解装置で水素と酸素に電
気分解し、この水素および酸素を上記燃焼機に戻すと共
に、蒸気発生器で発生される水蒸気を上記水素あるいは
酸素との熱交換により加熱し、この加熱された水蒸気を
上記燃焼機に送るようにしたものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the hydrogen production device according to the present invention electrolyzes steam heated by a combustor into hydrogen and oxygen using a steam electrolysis device, and returns the hydrogen and oxygen to the combustor. In addition, the steam generated by the steam generator is heated by heat exchange with the hydrogen or oxygen, and the heated steam is sent to the combustor.
上記の構成によれば、水蒸気電解装置で生成される水素
と酸素が水蒸気の加熱用に利用される。According to the above configuration, hydrogen and oxygen generated in the steam electrolyzer are used for heating steam.
したがって、例えば軽水炉、火力発電設備等の比較的低
温な熱源により発生する水蒸気を利用しても、その水蒸
気を高温として水素を生成することができる。Therefore, even if water vapor generated from a relatively low-temperature heat source such as a light water reactor or thermal power generation equipment is used, the water vapor can be heated to a high temperature to generate hydrogen.
［実施例］
以下、図面を参照して本発明の一実施例に係る水素製造
装置を説明する。[Example] Hereinafter, a hydrogen production apparatus according to an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図は同実施例の軽水炉を熱源とする高温水蒸気電解
プラントシステムの構成を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a high-temperature steam electrolysis plant system using a light water reactor as a heat source according to the same embodiment.
第１図において、蒸気発生器１は、図示せぬ軽水炉を熱
源として水を蒸発させる。この水蒸気は、蒸気管］０に
より予熱器２を経て燃焼８Ｉ！３に送られる。燃焼機３
は、蒸気管１０を通じて得られる水蒸気を加熱し、高温
水蒸気として水蒸気電解装置４に供給する。水蒸気電解
装置４は、電源５を備えており、この電源５の電力を用
いて上記燃焼機３にて加熱された高温水蒸気を電気的に
水素ガスと酸素ガスに分解する。In FIG. 1, a steam generator 1 evaporates water using a light water reactor (not shown) as a heat source. This water vapor passes through the preheater 2 through the steam pipe ] 0 and is combusted 8I! Sent to 3. Combustion machine 3
heats the steam obtained through the steam pipe 10 and supplies it to the steam electrolyzer 4 as high-temperature steam. The steam electrolyzer 4 includes a power source 5, and uses the power of the power source 5 to electrically decompose high-temperature steam heated in the combustor 3 into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
この水蒸気電解装置４によって電気分解された水素ガス
と酸素ガスのうち、水素ガスは水素管８により予熱器２
を経た後、製品として他の使用機器に送られると共に、
その一部が水素管８の途中から分岐して、燃焼機３に送
られる。ここで、予熱器２は、蒸気発生器１からの水蒸
気と、この水素ガスあるいは酸素ガスとの熱交換を行う
。一方、酸素ガスも水素ガスと同様に、酸素管９の途中
から分岐して、燃焼機３に送られる。これにより、水素
ガスおよび酸素ガスが共に燃焼機３にフィードバックさ
れ、同燃焼機３にて燃焼され、蒸気管１０からの水蒸気
をさらに高温とする。また、水素ガスおよび酸素ガスの
それぞれ分岐管には、調節弁７．６が取り付けられてお
り、燃焼機３にフィードバックする水素ガスおよび酸素
ガスの瓜を調節できるようになっている。Of the hydrogen gas and oxygen gas electrolyzed by this steam electrolysis device 4, the hydrogen gas is transferred to the preheater 2 through a hydrogen pipe 8.
After passing through this process, it is sent as a product to other equipment used, and
A part of it branches off from the middle of the hydrogen pipe 8 and is sent to the combustor 3. Here, the preheater 2 performs heat exchange between the steam from the steam generator 1 and this hydrogen gas or oxygen gas. On the other hand, like hydrogen gas, oxygen gas is also branched from the middle of oxygen pipe 9 and sent to combustor 3 . As a result, both hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are fed back to the combustor 3, where they are combusted, thereby making the steam from the steam pipe 10 even hotter. Further, a control valve 7.6 is attached to each of the hydrogen gas and oxygen gas branch pipes, so that the amount of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas fed back to the combustor 3 can be adjusted.
第２図及び第３図は上記水蒸気電解装置４のセル構成を
説明するための図であり、第２図はその概念図、第３図
はその断面図である。第２図及び第３図において、図中
１１は導体管であり、その一方より高温水蒸気を管内に
通し、有効変換部にて分解された水素ガスを他方より出
し、酸素ガスをその外周部より発生させている。FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining the cell structure of the steam electrolyzer 4, with FIG. 2 being a conceptual diagram thereof and FIG. 3 being a sectional view thereof. In Figures 2 and 3, numeral 11 in the figure is a conductor tube, high-temperature steam is passed through the tube from one side, hydrogen gas decomposed in the effective conversion section is released from the other side, and oxygen gas is released from the outer circumference of the tube. It is occurring.
この導体管１１の外周には、陰極１２が一定間隔で配置
され、その上部に電解質１３、さらにその上部に陽極１
４が多層に配置されている。まｔ：、電解質１３はイン
クコネクタ１５によって連結されていて、上層の陽極１
４はその継部を保護膜１６によって被われている。On the outer periphery of this conductor tube 11, cathodes 12 are arranged at regular intervals, an electrolyte 13 is placed above the cathodes 12, and an anode 1 is placed above the cathodes 12.
4 are arranged in multiple layers. The electrolyte 13 is connected to the upper layer anode 1 by an ink connector 15.
4 has its joint portion covered with a protective film 16.
次に、同実施例の作用について説明する。Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.
第１図に示すシステムにおいて、蒸気発生器１て発生さ
れた例えば約２８０℃、５２ａｔａ。In the system shown in FIG. 1, the steam generator 1 generates, for example, about 280°C and 52ata.
１６ｔ／ｈの水蒸気は、予熱器２で約５７０℃まで加熱
され、さらに燃焼機３にて８００℃まで加熱される。水
蒸気電解装置４では、６７ＭＷの電気入力と固体電解質
のジュール熱の発熱により発生する水素は９５０℃まで
昇温する。この９５０℃まで昇温された水素は、予熱器
２にて水蒸気を加熱する一方、この予熱器２の熱交換作
用により自身は３００℃まで冷却される。その後、生産
量の約５％の水素が燃焼機３に分流され、同しく燃焼機
３に分流される生産量の約５％の酸素と共に、燃焼機３
にて燃焼される。これにより、この燃焼機３に入ってく
る水蒸気がさらに加熱される。16 t/h of steam is heated to about 570°C in the preheater 2, and further heated to 800°C in the combustor 3. In the steam electrolyzer 4, hydrogen generated by 67 MW of electric input and Joule heat generated by the solid electrolyte is heated to 950°C. The hydrogen heated to 950°C heats the steam in the preheater 2, while being cooled to 300°C by the heat exchange action of the preheater 2. Thereafter, about 5% of the production amount of hydrogen is diverted to the combustor 3, along with about 5% of the production amount of oxygen, which is also diverted to the combustor 3.
It is burned at Thereby, the water vapor entering this combustor 3 is further heated.
このように、本システムでは、水蒸気の昇温に要するエ
ンタルピーと水素の燃焼熱量との差により成立している
ものである。第１図の例で説明すれば、５７０℃、６２
ａｔａの水蒸気と８００℃６２ａｔａの水蒸気のエンタ
ルピーの差は、約１３０ｋ ｃ ａ ｌ ／ ｋ ｇで
ある。一方、水素の低温燃焼の場合の発熱量は、約２８
，５７０ｋｃａｌ／ｋｇである。よって、上述したよう
に、生産量の約５％の水素燃焼で、このシステムは成立
するものである。In this way, this system is established due to the difference between the enthalpy required to raise the temperature of water vapor and the amount of heat of combustion of hydrogen. To explain using the example in Figure 1, 570℃, 62℃
The difference in enthalpy between water vapor at ATA and water vapor at 800°C and 62ATA is approximately 130 kcal/kg. On the other hand, the calorific value of low-temperature combustion of hydrogen is approximately 28
, 570 kcal/kg. Therefore, as mentioned above, this system can be established with hydrogen combustion accounting for approximately 5% of the production amount.
［発明の効果コ
以上のように本発明によれば、水蒸気電解装置で生成さ
れる水素と酸素を水蒸気の加熱用に利用することにより
、例えば軽水炉、火力発電設備等の比較的低温な熱源に
より発生する水蒸気を利用しても、その水蒸気を高温と
して水素を生成することができるものである。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, hydrogen and oxygen produced in a steam electrolyzer are used to heat steam, and a relatively low-temperature heat source such as a light water reactor or thermal power generation equipment can be used to heat the steam. Even if the generated water vapor is used, it is possible to generate hydrogen by heating the water vapor to a high temperature.
第１図は本発明の一実施例に係るプラントシステムの構
成を示す図、第２図及び第３１は同実施例における水蒸
気電解装置のセル構成を説明するための図、第４図は従
来の水蒸気電解法を説明するための図である。
１・・・蒸気発生器、２・・・予熱器、３・・・燃焼機
、４・・・水蒸気電解装置、５・・・電源、６および７
・・・調節弁、８・・・水素管、９・・・酸素管、１０
・・・蒸気管。
出願人代理人 弁理士 鈴江武彦
１１基本管
有効変換部
第
図FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a plant system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 31 are diagrams for explaining the cell configuration of a steam electrolyzer in the same embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a steam electrolysis method. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Steam generator, 2...Preheater, 3...Combustor, 4...Steam electrolyzer, 5...Power source, 6 and 7
...Control valve, 8...Hydrogen pipe, 9...Oxygen pipe, 10
...Steam pipe. Applicant's agent Patent attorney Takehiko Suzue 11 Basic management effective conversion part diagram
Claims (1)
気分解する水蒸気電解装置と、 この水蒸気電解装置によって得られた水素および酸素を
上記燃焼機に戻すリターン回路と、水蒸気を発生する蒸
気発生器と、 この蒸気発生器で発生される水蒸気を上記水蒸気電解装
置によって得られた水素あるいは酸素との熱交換により
加熱する予熱器と、 この予熱器によって加熱された水蒸気を上記燃焼機に送
る蒸気管とを具備してなることを特徴とする水素製造装
置。[Scope of Claims] A combustor for heating steam; a steam electrolyzer that electrolyzes the steam heated by the combustor into hydrogen and oxygen; and a steam electrolyzer that electrolyzes the steam heated by the combustor into hydrogen and oxygen; a return circuit for returning water to the water, a steam generator that generates steam, a preheater that heats the steam generated by this steam generator by heat exchange with hydrogen or oxygen obtained by the steam electrolyzer, and this preheater. and a steam pipe for sending steam heated by the above to the combustion machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2145325A JPH0441689A (en) | 1990-06-05 | 1990-06-05 | Hydrogen producing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2145325A JPH0441689A (en) | 1990-06-05 | 1990-06-05 | Hydrogen producing device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0441689A true JPH0441689A (en) | 1992-02-12 |
Family
ID=15382555
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2145325A Pending JPH0441689A (en) | 1990-06-05 | 1990-06-05 | Hydrogen producing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0441689A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005078159A1 (en) * | 2004-02-18 | 2005-08-25 | Ebara Corporation | Method and apparatus for producing hydrogen |
| KR100736163B1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2007-07-06 | 고등기술연구원연구조합 | An apparatus of producing hydrogen with high temperature electrolysis and a method of producing hydrogen using the same |
| JP2009001878A (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2009-01-08 | Toshiba Corp | High temperature steam electrolysis method and apparatus |
| JP2010265494A (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2010-11-25 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Water electrolysis system |
| JP2010540771A (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2010-12-24 | コミサリア ア レネルジー アトミーク エ オ エネルジー アルテルナティヴ | High-temperature electrolytic cell with temperature equalizing device |
-
1990
- 1990-06-05 JP JP2145325A patent/JPH0441689A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005078159A1 (en) * | 2004-02-18 | 2005-08-25 | Ebara Corporation | Method and apparatus for producing hydrogen |
| KR100736163B1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2007-07-06 | 고등기술연구원연구조합 | An apparatus of producing hydrogen with high temperature electrolysis and a method of producing hydrogen using the same |
| JP2009001878A (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2009-01-08 | Toshiba Corp | High temperature steam electrolysis method and apparatus |
| JP2010540771A (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2010-12-24 | コミサリア ア レネルジー アトミーク エ オ エネルジー アルテルナティヴ | High-temperature electrolytic cell with temperature equalizing device |
| JP2010265494A (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2010-11-25 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Water electrolysis system |
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