JPH04356373A - Resistance spot welding method for aluminum materials - Google Patents
Resistance spot welding method for aluminum materialsInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04356373A JPH04356373A JP3149376A JP14937691A JPH04356373A JP H04356373 A JPH04356373 A JP H04356373A JP 3149376 A JP3149376 A JP 3149376A JP 14937691 A JP14937691 A JP 14937691A JP H04356373 A JPH04356373 A JP H04356373A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- current
- electrode
- cycle
- aluminum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZTXONRUJVYXVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium copper Chemical compound [Cr][Cu][Cr] ZTXONRUJVYXVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Resistance Welding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は電極を介して被溶接体に
加圧力を加えつつ、瞬間的に電流を流してスポット溶接
する抵抗スポット溶接技術において、特にアルミニウム
又はアルミニウム合金材（以下、総称してアルミニウム
材という）を接合するアルミニウム材の抵抗スポット溶
接方法に関する。[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to resistance spot welding technology in which spot welding is performed by momentarily passing current while applying pressure to a workpiece through an electrode. This invention relates to a resistance spot welding method for joining aluminum materials (also referred to as aluminum materials).
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】抵抗スポット溶接方法は、例えば、図３
に示すように、板状の２枚のアルミニウム材１，２を相
互に重ね、その重ね合わせ部の適所を１対の電極３，４
により挟み、この電極３，４を介してアルミニウム材１
，２の被溶接部を加圧する。そして、この電極３，４を
介して通電することにより、アルミニウム材１，２の重
ね合わせ部の電極間の位置に、ナゲット（溶融凝固部）
５を形成し、このナゲット５が凝固することによりアル
ミニウム材１，２はこの領域でスポット状に接合される
。[Prior Art] A resistance spot welding method is shown in Fig. 3, for example.
As shown in the figure, two plate-shaped aluminum materials 1 and 2 are stacked on top of each other, and a pair of electrodes 3 and 4 are placed at appropriate locations on the overlapped portion.
sandwich the aluminum material 1 through these electrodes 3 and 4.
, 2 are pressurized. By applying electricity through the electrodes 3 and 4, a nugget (molten solidified portion) is formed between the electrodes in the overlapping portion of the aluminum materials 1 and 2.
5 is formed, and by solidifying this nugget 5, the aluminum materials 1 and 2 are joined in a spot shape in this region.
【０００３】図４は横軸に時間（サイクルＴ）をとり、
縦軸に加圧力及び通電電流をとって、加圧及び電流の印
加パターンを示す模式図である。１回のスポット溶接工
程は通常約２秒であり、３期に分かれる。先ず、第１期
において、アルミニウム材１，２の被接合部に比較的大
きな加圧力を印加する。次いで、第２期において、加圧
力を若干低下させると同時に、電極３，４を介して電流
Ｉを流し、ナゲット５を形成する。この電流の印加パタ
ーンは、■溶接サイクルと、■後熱サイクルとに分かれ
、溶接サイクルにおいては、通電電流が立ち上がって最
高値の溶接電流（Ｉ）まで上昇する。一方、後熱サイク
ルにおいては、電流が著しく低下するが、０にはならず
に後熱電流がしばらく流れる。この通電期（第２期）の
後、第３期において、再度加圧力を増大させてナゲット
における接合力を促進させる。[0003] In FIG. 4, time (cycle T) is plotted on the horizontal axis.
It is a schematic diagram showing the application pattern of pressure and current, with pressure force and current applied on the vertical axis. One spot welding process usually takes about 2 seconds and is divided into three stages. First, in the first period, a relatively large pressing force is applied to the parts of the aluminum materials 1 and 2 to be joined. Next, in the second period, the pressing force is slightly reduced and at the same time, the current I is caused to flow through the electrodes 3 and 4 to form the nugget 5. This current application pattern is divided into (1) a welding cycle and (2) a post-heating cycle, and in the welding cycle, the applied current rises to the highest welding current (I). On the other hand, in the post-thermal cycle, although the current decreases significantly, it does not become zero and the post-thermal current flows for a while. After this energization period (second period), in the third period, the pressurizing force is increased again to promote the bonding force in the nugget.
【０００４】この場合に、第２期の通電期は、１乃至１
０サイクルである。従って、交流周波数が５０Ｈｚの場
合には１／５０乃至１／５秒間である。そして、例えば
、アルミニウム材が１ｍｍ厚の場合に、ＷＥＳで推奨さ
れている溶接電流は３９ＫＡ、後熱電流は１１．５ＫＡ
、溶接サイクルは１サイクル、後熱サイクルは４サイク
ルであり、従来、アルミニウム材同士を抵抗スポット溶
接する場合には、このＷＥＳで推奨されている条件で溶
接条件が設定されていた。この場合に、アルミニウム材
は熱伝導率が高いため、電極には短時間で大電流を流す
必要があると考えられており、ＷＥＳで推奨する溶接条
件もこのように大電流及び短時間のものとなっている。[0004] In this case, the second energizing period is from 1 to 1
0 cycles. Therefore, when the AC frequency is 50 Hz, the time is 1/50 to 1/5 second. For example, when the aluminum material is 1mm thick, the welding current recommended by WES is 39KA, and the post-heating current is 11.5KA.
The welding cycle is one cycle, and the post-heating cycle is four cycles. Conventionally, when resistance spot welding aluminum materials, welding conditions were set as recommended by this WES. In this case, since aluminum material has high thermal conductivity, it is thought that it is necessary to apply a large current to the electrode in a short period of time, and the welding conditions recommended by WES also apply to such a large current and short period of time. It becomes.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、この従
来の溶接条件は、各スポットを確実に接合するという点
で、理論的にはアルミニウム材の物理的性質を考慮した
適切ものとなっているものの、実際上、ナゲットの凝固
収縮時にアルミニウム材の表面に割れが発生し易く、実
用的ではないという欠点がある。また、従来方法では、
１個の電極を使用して十分な継ぎ手強度のスポット溶接
を連続して何回実施できるかという連続打点寿命が短い
という欠点もある。[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, although these conventional welding conditions are theoretically appropriate in consideration of the physical properties of the aluminum material in terms of reliably joining each spot, In practice, cracks tend to occur on the surface of the aluminum material when the nugget solidifies and shrinks, making it impractical. In addition, in the conventional method,
Another drawback is that the continuous welding life is short, which is the number of consecutive spot welds with sufficient joint strength using one electrode.
【０００６】本発明はかかる問題点に鑑みてなされたも
のであって、アルミニウム材を高接合強度で溶接できる
と共に、使用する電極の寿命を延長させることができる
アルミニウム材の抵抗スポット溶接方法を提供すること
を目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and provides a resistance spot welding method for aluminum materials that can weld aluminum materials with high joint strength and extend the life of the electrodes used. The purpose is to
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に係るアルミニウ
ム材の抵抗スポット溶接方法は、アルミニウム又はアル
ミニウム合金材を抵抗スポット溶接する方法において、
電流立上がり時のピーク電流である溶接電流をＩ（ＫＡ
）、この溶接電流が得られるまでの通電時間をＴ（サイ
クル）とした場合に、Ｉ／Ｔが５以上、２０以下になる
ように電極に対する通電条件を設定することを特徴とす
る。[Means for Solving the Problems] A method for resistance spot welding aluminum materials according to the present invention is a method for resistance spot welding aluminum or aluminum alloy materials.
The welding current, which is the peak current at the current rise, is expressed as I(KA
), the current application conditions for the electrodes are set so that I/T is 5 or more and 20 or less, where T (cycle) is the current application time until this welding current is obtained.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】本発明は、通電期のうち、電流が立ち上がる溶
接サイクル（図４の■）の条件を規定するものであり、
電流が低下する後熱サイクル（図４の■）における条件
は任意である。また、後熱サイクルを設けなくても良い
。即ち、図４に示すように、電流立ち上がり時のピーク
電流である溶接電流をＩ（ＫＡ）、この溶接電流の通電
時間をＴ（サイクル）とした場合に、Ｉ／Ｔを下記不等
式（１）にて規定する範囲に限定する。[Operation] The present invention defines the conditions of the welding cycle (■ in Fig. 4) during which the current rises during the energization period.
The conditions in the post-thermal cycle (■ in FIG. 4) where the current decreases are arbitrary. Moreover, it is not necessary to provide a post-heating cycle. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, when the welding current, which is the peak current at the time of current rise, is I (KA) and the energization time of this welding current is T (cycle), I/T is expressed by the following inequality (1). limited to the scope specified in .
【０００９】[0009]
【数１】５≦（Ｉ／Ｔ）≦２０
これにより、接合による継ぎ手強度を十分に確保しつつ
、電極寿命を著しく延長させることができる。[Equation 1] 5≦(I/T)≦20 This makes it possible to significantly extend the life of the electrode while ensuring sufficient joint strength due to bonding.
【００１０】なお、交流電流の商用周波数が５０Ｈｚの
場合と６０Ｈｚの場合とがあるが、Ｉ／Ｔの適正範囲は
この周波数の相違による影響を実質的に受けない。交流
周波数が変わった場合には、Ｔの外に電流Ｉも若干変動
するので、Ｉ／Ｔの値としては前記不等式（１）に規定
する範囲に入る。[0010]Although the commercial frequency of alternating current is sometimes 50 Hz and sometimes 60 Hz, the appropriate range of I/T is not substantially affected by the difference in frequency. When the AC frequency changes, the current I also changes slightly in addition to T, so the value of I/T falls within the range defined by inequality (1).
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下、本発明について更に具体的に説明する
。EXAMPLES The present invention will be explained in more detail below.
【００１２】通電期の溶接サイクル（溶接電流及び溶接
電流通電時間）は、ナゲットの生成に影響を及ぼし、継
ぎ手強度を左右するナゲットの大きさ等を決定する。一
方、後熱サイクルは、これを設けることによって、ナゲ
ット形成後にナゲットが急冷されることを防止し、この
部分を徐冷するためのものである。これにより、ナゲッ
トが凝固した部分に割れ６及びブローホール７（図３参
照）等の欠陥が発生することを防止できる。しかし、こ
の後熱サイクルはナゲットの大きさには影響を与えない
ため、その継ぎ手強度に対する影響も少ない。このため
、本発明の目的のように、十分な継ぎ手強度を確保しつ
つ、電極の寿命を向上させるためには、溶接サイクルに
おける溶接条件を規定する必要があり、またこの溶接サ
イクル条件を規定することにより本発明の目的達成上十
分であって、後熱サイクル条件はそれを設けないことも
含めて任意である。[0012] The welding cycle (welding current and welding current application time) during the energization period affects the formation of nuggets and determines the size of the nuggets, etc., which influences the strength of the joint. On the other hand, the post-heating cycle is provided to prevent the nugget from being rapidly cooled after the nugget is formed, and to slowly cool this portion. This can prevent defects such as cracks 6 and blowholes 7 (see FIG. 3) from occurring in the solidified portion of the nugget. However, since this subsequent thermal cycle does not affect the size of the nugget, it also has little effect on the strength of the joint. Therefore, in order to improve the life of the electrode while ensuring sufficient joint strength, as is the purpose of the present invention, it is necessary to specify the welding conditions in the welding cycle, and it is necessary to specify the welding cycle conditions. This is sufficient to achieve the purpose of the present invention, and the post-thermal cycle conditions are arbitrary, including the absence of such conditions.
【００１３】しかして、アルミニウム材の抵抗スポット
溶接における発熱現象は、アルミニウムが鋼に比して固
有抵抗が低く、熱伝導度が高いという物理的性質を有す
るため、ジュール熱により発生した熱が逃げ易いという
特徴を有する。このため、溶接条件は、ジュール熱によ
って発生した熱を逃がさず、アルミニウムの溶融に有効
に使用するため、熱が逃げる暇がない程度に短時間で溶
融を完了させるものであることが必要である。このため
、大電流を短時間だけ印加する。[0013]The heat generation phenomenon during resistance spot welding of aluminum materials is caused by the fact that aluminum has physical properties such as lower resistivity and higher thermal conductivity than steel, so the heat generated by Joule heat escapes. It has the characteristic of being easy to use. Therefore, in order to effectively use the heat generated by Joule heat to melt the aluminum without escaping it, welding conditions must be such that melting is completed in such a short time that there is no time for the heat to escape. . Therefore, a large current is applied for only a short period of time.
【００１４】そこで、本発明においては、Ｉ／Ｔを５以
上に規定する。このＩ／Ｔが５未満であると、ある程度
の大きさのナゲットは得られるものの、低電流を長時間
に亘って印加することになり、これによって、熱伝導に
よりナゲット周囲の母材部分への熱影響が生じ、この母
材部分を劣化させる。このため、接合部を引張りせん断
試験した場合に、その破断荷重が低下し、継ぎ手強度を
低下させてしまう。これは、通電電流一定で時間を増加
させていった場合に、ある程度の通電時間まではナゲッ
ト径が大きくなり、ナゲットの継ぎ手強度が上昇するも
のの、それ以上時間を増加させると、逆に継ぎ手強度が
低下するという実験結果からも明かである。このため、
溶接時間Ｔを強度の低下が実質的に生じないような短い
ものにするため、Ｉ／Ｔを５以上にする。Therefore, in the present invention, I/T is defined as 5 or more. If this I/T is less than 5, a nugget of a certain size can be obtained, but a low current will be applied for a long time, and this will cause heat conduction to the base material around the nugget. Thermal effects occur and degrade this base metal part. For this reason, when the joint is subjected to a tensile shear test, its breaking load decreases, resulting in a decrease in joint strength. This is because when increasing the time with a constant current, the nugget diameter increases and the strength of the nugget joint increases until a certain amount of current is applied, but if the time is increased beyond that, the strength of the joint increases. It is clear from the experimental results that the For this reason,
In order to make the welding time T so short that substantially no reduction in strength occurs, I/T is set to 5 or more.
【００１５】一方、Ｉ／Ｔの上限値は２０に規定する。
この溶接条件は、ＷＥＳで推奨されていて従来使用され
ていた条件よりも、小電流又は長時間側にある。下記表
１はアルミニウム材のスポット溶接としてＷＥＳ７３０
２で推奨されているＩ／Ｔを示すものである。On the other hand, the upper limit value of I/T is defined as 20. These welding conditions are on the lower current or longer time side than those recommended by WES and conventionally used. Table 1 below shows WES730 as spot welding for aluminum materials.
This shows the I/T recommended in 2.
【００１６】[0016]
【表１】[Table 1]
【００１７】この表１に示すように、ＷＥＳ推奨値はＩ
／Ｔが平均で２４ＫＡ／サイクルであり、この値は板厚
との関連性がない。この大電流及び短時間は、前述の如
く、アルミニウム材の物理的性質にはかなっているもの
の、現実問題としては、急熱急冷サイクルとなるため、
溶融部の一部が溶接時に飛散して激しい塵が発生したり
、アルミニウム材の表面に凝固収縮割れが発生したりす
る。このため、この推奨値は実用的とはいえない。また
、電極の連続打点寿命においても、Ｉ／Ｔが２０を超え
ると、この寿命が短くなる。As shown in Table 1, the WES recommended value is I
/T is 24 KA/cycle on average, and this value has no relation to plate thickness. As mentioned above, this large current and short time are compatible with the physical properties of aluminum material, but in reality, it is a rapid heating and cooling cycle, so
A part of the molten part may fly off during welding, producing heavy dust, and solidification shrinkage cracks may occur on the surface of the aluminum material. Therefore, this recommended value cannot be said to be practical. Furthermore, when the I/T exceeds 20, the continuous dot life of the electrode becomes short.
【００１８】そこで、本発明においては、Ｉ／Ｔを２０
以下に限定し、従来のＷＥＳ推奨値よりも緩やかに熱を
印加する。図１は横軸に溶接時間Ｔ（サイクル）をとり
、縦軸に溶接電流Ｉ（ＫＡ）をとって、本発明にて規定
する範囲と従来の範囲とを比較して示すグラフ図である
。この図に示すように、本発明においては、従来よりも
昇熱速度が遅い。Therefore, in the present invention, the I/T is
Heat is applied more slowly than the conventional WES recommended value, limiting the heat to the following values. FIG. 1 is a graph showing a comparison between the range defined by the present invention and the conventional range, with welding time T (cycle) plotted on the horizontal axis and welding current I (KA) plotted on the vertical axis. As shown in this figure, in the present invention, the heating rate is slower than in the conventional case.
【００１９】従来のように、急熱の程度が大きい場合は
、電極自体の昇温が激しく、水冷による冷却が間に合わ
ず、電極自体が高温軟化する。このため、電極の熱ダメ
ージが大きい。また、急熱の場合には、ナゲットの板厚
方向への溶け込みが厚くなり、アルミニウム材表面の温
度が高くなる。このため、アルミニウム材表面に接触し
ている電極の表面温度も高くなり、電極に対するダメー
ジが大きくなる。更に、この電極自体が高温になること
により、電極を構成する銅と、アルミニウムとが相互拡
散し易くなる。これにより、脆い金属間化合物が発生し
易くなり、加圧を伴う溶接時に、電極表面の銅の脱落が
発生する。そして、部分的にも電極表面の銅が脱落し出
すと、次順の溶接時には、通電が局所的にしか生じなく
なり、益々電流密度を高くする必要が生じ、悪循環であ
る。かた、電極表面の凹凸のため、加圧力が十分に働か
ず、内部欠陥（割れ及びブローホール）の発生を防止で
きなくなる。そうすると、スポット継ぎ手の引っ張りせ
ん断荷重が低下し、電極の連続打点寿命が短くなる。As in the conventional case, when the degree of rapid heating is large, the temperature of the electrode itself increases rapidly, and cooling by water cooling cannot be done in time, causing the electrode itself to become soft due to the high temperature. Therefore, thermal damage to the electrode is large. In addition, in the case of rapid heating, the nugget melts into the plate thicker and the temperature of the surface of the aluminum material increases. For this reason, the surface temperature of the electrode in contact with the aluminum material surface also increases, causing greater damage to the electrode. Furthermore, since the electrode itself becomes high temperature, the copper and aluminum that constitute the electrode tend to interdiffuse with each other. As a result, brittle intermetallic compounds are likely to occur, and copper on the electrode surface may fall off during welding with pressurization. If the copper on the electrode surface begins to fall off even partially, current flow will occur only locally during the next welding process, and the current density will need to be increased even further, creating a vicious cycle. On the other hand, due to the unevenness of the electrode surface, the pressing force does not work sufficiently, making it impossible to prevent the occurrence of internal defects (cracks and blowholes). This reduces the tensile shear load of the spot joint and shortens the continuous dot life of the electrode.
【００２０】しかし、本発明のように、Ｉ／Ｔを２０以
下にすると、電極の水冷効果が有効に発揮されて、電極
及びアルミニウム材において熱的に良好なバランス状態
が得られる。これにより、ナゲットの板厚方向への溶け
込みが適当に抑制され、電極へのダメージが少なくなる
ので、電極寿命は著しく増大する。However, when I/T is set to 20 or less as in the present invention, the water cooling effect of the electrode is effectively exhibited, and a good thermal balance can be obtained in the electrode and the aluminum material. As a result, the melting of the nugget in the thickness direction of the plate is appropriately suppressed, and damage to the electrode is reduced, so that the life of the electrode is significantly increased.
【００２１】このような理由で、本発明においては、Ｉ
／Ｔを２０以下に規制する。図２は溶接条件と溶接品質
との関係を説明する図である。図２（ａ）に示すように
、Ｉ／Ｔが２０を超えると、ナゲットが大きくなりすぎ
、ナゲットの板厚方向への溶け込みが厚くなり、アルミ
ニウム材表面の温度が上昇して電極の熱ダメージが激し
くなる。また、成分が拡散してナゲット部にて割れ及び
ブローホールが多発する。一方、図２（ｃ）に示すよう
に、Ｉ／Ｔが５未満であると、熱伝導により母材部が熱
影響を受け、熱による劣化を受ける。このため、溶接後
の継ぎ手強度が低くなる。これに対し、図２（ｂ）に示
すように、Ｉ／Ｔが５以上、２０以下であると、水冷銅
により構成される電極の冷却効果が十分に得られ、熱的
に良好なバランスが得られるため、電極寿命が著しく向
上する。また、母材の熱影響も少なく、適切な大きさの
ナゲットが得られ、継ぎ手強度も高い。For this reason, in the present invention, I
/T is regulated to 20 or less. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between welding conditions and welding quality. As shown in Figure 2(a), when I/T exceeds 20, the nugget becomes too large and the nugget penetrates thickly in the thickness direction, increasing the temperature of the aluminum material surface and causing thermal damage to the electrode. becomes intense. In addition, the components are diffused and cracks and blowholes occur frequently in the nugget portion. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2(c), when I/T is less than 5, the base material is affected by heat due to heat conduction and is deteriorated by heat. Therefore, the strength of the joint after welding becomes low. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 2(b), when I/T is 5 or more and 20 or less, a sufficient cooling effect of the electrode made of water-cooled copper can be obtained, and a good thermal balance can be achieved. As a result, the life of the electrode is significantly improved. In addition, there is little thermal influence on the base material, nuggets of appropriate size can be obtained, and the joint strength is high.
【００２２】次ぎに、本発明の実施例について、その比
較例と比較して説明する。下記表２は被溶接材料及び電
極材料と、溶接条件と、電極寿命及び継ぎ手強度との関
係を示す。但し、電極寿命は継ぎ手の引張り強度がＪＩ
ＳＢ級に低下するまでに抵抗溶接することができた打点
数である。また、電極寿命の「比」欄に記載の数値は比
較例１の寿命を１とした場合の寿命の比である。Next, examples of the present invention will be explained in comparison with comparative examples thereof. Table 2 below shows the relationship between materials to be welded, electrode materials, welding conditions, electrode life and joint strength. However, the electrode life depends on the tensile strength of the joint
This is the number of welding points that could be resistance welded before the welding level decreased to SB grade. Moreover, the numerical value described in the "ratio" column of the electrode life is the ratio of the life when the life of Comparative Example 1 is taken as 1.
【００２３】但し、被溶接材のＡは、５１８２−０アル
ミニウム合金の１ｍｍ厚の板材同士を接合したものであ
り、被溶接材のＢは、同じ５１８２−０アルミニウム合
金の２ｍｍ厚の板材同士を接合したものである。また、
電極材のイは、クロム銅合金を使用して電極を成形した
場合のものであり、電極材のロは、３層構造の電極を使
用した場合のものである。この３層構造の電極は、芯材
として、Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｓｉ−Ｃｏ−Ａｇ−Ｚｒの各金属
粉末の混合粉末に、所定量の硼化物粉末を混合した後、
焼成したものを使用し、この粉末焼結体からなる芯材に
、緩衝材として銅合金からなる中間層を配置し、更に外
層に導電性が優れたＯＦＣ（無酸素銅）を配置したもの
である。表２中、＊１は加圧力を２段に分けて印加した
場合のものであり、当初３００Ｋｇ印加し、その後８０
０Ｋｇに加圧力を上昇させた。また、Ｃはサイクルであ
る。However, material A to be welded is made by joining together 1 mm thick plates of 5182-0 aluminum alloy, and material B to be welded is made by joining together 2 mm thick plates made of the same 5182-0 aluminum alloy. It is joined together. Also,
Electrode material (A) is an electrode formed using a chromium-copper alloy, and electrode material (B) is an electrode with a three-layer structure. This three-layer structure electrode is made by mixing a predetermined amount of boride powder with a mixed powder of each metal powder of Cu-Ni-Si-Co-Ag-Zr as a core material.
The core material is made of sintered powder, and an intermediate layer made of copper alloy is placed as a buffer material, and OFC (oxygen-free copper), which has excellent conductivity, is placed in the outer layer. be. In Table 2, *1 indicates the case where the pressure was applied in two stages, initially 300 kg was applied, and then 80 kg was applied.
The pressurizing force was increased to 0 kg. Further, C is a cycle.
【００２４】[0024]
【表２】[Table 2]
【００２５】この表２から明らかなように、１ｍｍ厚の
アルミニウム板を、従来一般的であるクロム銅合金から
なる電極を使用して抵抗スポット溶接した場合、実施例
１乃至５はＩ／Ｔが本発明の範囲内にあるので、電極寿
命が３９０打点以上と長寿命である。これは後熱電流を
印加するか否かによらない。これに対し、Ｉ／Ｔが本発
明の範囲から外れる比較例１及び３は寿命が極めて短い
。
また、比較例２は寿命が比較的長いものの、比較例３と
共にＩ／Ｔが小さいため継ぎ手強度が低い。[0025] As is clear from Table 2, when a 1 mm thick aluminum plate is resistance spot welded using an electrode made of a conventionally common chromium-copper alloy, Examples 1 to 5 show that the I/T is Since it is within the scope of the present invention, the electrode has a long life of 390 dots or more. This does not depend on whether or not a post-thermal current is applied. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 and 3, in which I/T is outside the scope of the present invention, have extremely short lifespans. Further, although Comparative Example 2 has a relatively long life, like Comparative Example 3, the I/T is small and the joint strength is low.
【００２６】また、３層構造の電極を使用した場合には
、実施例及び比較例のいずれも前述のクロム銅合金製電
極を使用した場合に比してその寿命が著しく増大してい
る。即ち、比較例４乃至６も比較例１に比して５倍以上
の寿命を有し、更に実施例６、７は比較例１の３０倍以
上の寿命を有する。しかし、この電極を使用した場合も
、実施例６、７は２４００打点以上の極めて長い寿命を
有し、同じくこの電極を使用した比較例４の寿命の４．
３倍以上の寿命を有する。なお、比較例５も長寿命を有
するが、比較例６と共にＩ／Ｔが小さいので継ぎ手強度
が不足する。Furthermore, when a three-layered electrode is used, the life span of both the examples and comparative examples is significantly longer than when the chromium-copper alloy electrode is used. That is, Comparative Examples 4 to 6 also have a lifespan of 5 times or more as compared to Comparative Example 1, and Examples 6 and 7 have a lifespan of 30 times or more as compared to Comparative Example 1. However, even when this electrode was used, Examples 6 and 7 had an extremely long life of more than 2400 dots, which was 4.5 times longer than that of Comparative Example 4, which also used this electrode.
It has more than three times the lifespan. Note that Comparative Example 5 also has a long life, but like Comparative Example 6, the I/T is small, so the joint strength is insufficient.
【００２７】更に、板厚が２ｍｍの場合にも、比較例７
、８に比して実施例８は長寿命である。上述の如く、本
発明の実施例はいずれも継ぎ手強度が高いと共に、電極
寿命が著しく延長する。Furthermore, when the plate thickness is 2 mm, Comparative Example 7
, 8, Example 8 has a longer life. As described above, all of the embodiments of the present invention have high joint strength and significantly extend electrode life.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
抵抗スポット溶接時の立上がり時のピーク電流として把
握される溶接電流Ｉと、このときの通電時間である溶接
時間Ｔとの比Ｉ／Ｔを、５以上２０以下に規定したから
、十分に高い継ぎ手強度が得られると共に、電極の寿命
を従来に比して著しく延長することができる。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention,
Since the ratio I/T of the welding current I, which is understood as the peak current at the start-up during resistance spot welding, and the welding time T, which is the current application time at this time, is specified as 5 or more and 20 or less, the joint is sufficiently high. In addition to providing strength, the life of the electrode can be significantly extended compared to conventional methods.
【図１】本発明の溶接条件と従来の溶接条件とを比較し
て説明する。FIG. 1 compares and explains welding conditions of the present invention and conventional welding conditions.
【図２】本発明の効果を比較例条件の場合と比較して説
明する模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of the present invention in comparison with the case of comparative example conditions.
【図３】抵抗スポット溶接法を説明する模式図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a resistance spot welding method.
【図４】抵抗スポット溶接における加圧パターンと通電
パターンとの関係を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between a pressure pattern and an energization pattern in resistance spot welding.
Claims (1)
を抵抗スポット溶接する方法において、電流立上がり時
のピーク電流である溶接電流をＩ（ＫＡ）、この溶接電
流が得られるまでの通電時間をＴ（サイクル）とした場
合に、Ｉ／Ｔが５以上、２０以下になるように電極に対
する通電条件を設定することを特徴とするアルミニウム
材の抵抗スポット溶接方法。Claim 1: In a method of resistance spot welding aluminum or aluminum alloy materials, the welding current, which is the peak current at the time of current rise, is I (KA), and the current application time until this welding current is obtained is T (cycles). A resistance spot welding method for aluminum material, characterized in that, when the I/T is 5 or more and 20 or less, conditions for energizing the electrode are set.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3149376A JPH04356373A (en) | 1991-05-23 | 1991-05-23 | Resistance spot welding method for aluminum materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3149376A JPH04356373A (en) | 1991-05-23 | 1991-05-23 | Resistance spot welding method for aluminum materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04356373A true JPH04356373A (en) | 1992-12-10 |
Family
ID=15473784
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3149376A Pending JPH04356373A (en) | 1991-05-23 | 1991-05-23 | Resistance spot welding method for aluminum materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04356373A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007077393A2 (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2007-07-12 | Alcan Technology & Management | Method for spot resistance welding of aluminium alloys with a current maintained at least for a period beginning at the start of the forging phase |
| JP2012020328A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2012-02-02 | Ａｒｔ−Ｈｉｋａｒｉ株式会社 | Lap resistance welding method, and device for the same |
| JP2012210654A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-11-01 | Koyo Giken:Kk | Resistance welding method and welding apparatus |
-
1991
- 1991-05-23 JP JP3149376A patent/JPH04356373A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007077393A2 (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2007-07-12 | Alcan Technology & Management | Method for spot resistance welding of aluminium alloys with a current maintained at least for a period beginning at the start of the forging phase |
| FR2895925A1 (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2007-07-13 | Alcan Technology & Man | METHOD FOR POINT RESISTANCE WELDING OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS |
| WO2007077393A3 (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2007-08-23 | Alcan Technology & Man | Method for spot resistance welding of aluminium alloys with a current maintained at least for a period beginning at the start of the forging phase |
| JP2012020328A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2012-02-02 | Ａｒｔ−Ｈｉｋａｒｉ株式会社 | Lap resistance welding method, and device for the same |
| JP2012210654A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-11-01 | Koyo Giken:Kk | Resistance welding method and welding apparatus |
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