JPH04306709A - Automatic travelling controller - Google Patents

Automatic travelling controller

Info

Publication number
JPH04306709A
JPH04306709A JP3098148A JP9814891A JPH04306709A JP H04306709 A JPH04306709 A JP H04306709A JP 3098148 A JP3098148 A JP 3098148A JP 9814891 A JP9814891 A JP 9814891A JP H04306709 A JPH04306709 A JP H04306709A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
vehicle
road
road alignment
white line
information
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP3098148A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2768038B2 (en
Inventor
Kunihiko Kurami
邦彦 倉見
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority to JP3098148A priority Critical patent/JP2768038B2/en
Publication of JPH04306709A publication Critical patent/JPH04306709A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2768038B2 publication Critical patent/JP2768038B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To extend a distance where a vehicle can precisely travels by estimation at the time of travelling by means of estimating the line shape of the road based on the past data stored at the time of no white line detected, in the vehicle which detects a road white line and automatically travels. CONSTITUTION:An estimation device which stores white line information detected with a sensor in a sotrage device, and which estimates the line shape of the road anterior to the vehicle based on stored paste white line information is installed. A vehicle speed controller controls travelling speed to be low when a deviation is large in accordance with the deviation of road white line information detected with the sensor and the estimated line shape.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

【0001】0001

【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、自動走行車両がカメ
ラなどによって検知した道路線形情報に基づいて走行す
る際,一時的に道路線形情報が得られなくなった場合に
,過去の道路線形情報を用いて道路線形を推定して走行
する装置に関する。
[Industrial Application Field] This invention enables past road alignment information to be used when an automated driving vehicle runs based on road alignment information detected by a camera or the like, and when road alignment information is temporarily unavailable. The present invention relates to a device for driving by estimating road alignment.

【0002】0002

【従来の技術】従来の自動走行制御装置としては特開昭
63ー314616に示されるようなものがある。この
場合、道路線形情報の検出をおこなうサンプリング周期
はハンドル、ブレーキ、アクセル等のアクチュエータの
制御周期(サンプリングタイミング)と同じタイミング
で行なわれ、一定のサンプリング周期で取り込んだ道路
線形情報に基づいて車両前方の道路線形を判断している
2. Description of the Related Art A conventional automatic travel control device is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-314616. In this case, the sampling period for detecting road alignment information is carried out at the same timing as the control period (sampling timing) of actuators such as the steering wheel, brakes, and accelerator, and based on the road alignment information acquired at a fixed sampling period, The road alignment is being determined.

【0003】0003

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うな従来の自動走行制御装置にあっては、道路線形情報
を道路上に描かれた白線から検出しているために、例え
ばその白線上に建物の影などがかかることによって走行
途中で道路線形情報が途絶えたとき、その時点までに得
ていた情報を基に前方の道路線形を推定して盲走行を行
なう必要が生じた際、推定値と実際の道路線形とは車速
と道路線形が偶然マッチしていると良く一致するが、車
両速度が増加すると大きくずれてくる。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in such conventional automatic driving control devices, road alignment information is detected from white lines drawn on the road. When road alignment information is interrupted during driving due to shadows, etc., when it becomes necessary to estimate the road alignment ahead based on the information obtained up to that point and drive blindly, the estimated value and The actual road alignment matches well if the vehicle speed and road alignment happen to match, but as the vehicle speed increases, they deviate significantly.

【0004】すなわち比較的車両速度が低く道路線形の
変化が緩やかな場合には図5(a)のようによく一致す
る。図中,P0 、P−1、P−2、…およびθ0 、
θ−1、θ−2、…は現時点(t0 )、前回検出時(
t−1)、前々回検出時(t−2)、…の白線位置およ
び方位であり、P−2、P−1、P0 点のデータを結
んで推定予測される破線の線形は実線で示される実際の
道路線形と一致する。
That is, when the vehicle speed is relatively low and the road shape changes slowly, there is good agreement as shown in FIG. 5(a). In the figure, P0, P-1, P-2, ... and θ0,
θ-1, θ-2, ... are the current time (t0), the previous detection time (
t-1), the detection time before the previous time (t-2), and so on.The white line position and direction are shown at the time of detection before the previous time (t-2), and the linearity of the broken line estimated and predicted by connecting the data of points P-2, P-1, and P0 is shown by a solid line. Matches the actual road alignment.

【0005】車両速度が高くなると、サンプリング周期
が一定であるため、記憶データが遥か後方の値を含むこ
とになり、図5(b)から分かるように道路線形の変化
が大きい道路を走行する場合は、各実測点を結んでも実
際の道路線形を正しくは追えない。したがって破線の推
定値は実際の実線線形と異なる方向へ延びることとなり
、推定の精度が低下し盲走行できる領域または距離が減
少するという問題がある。
As the vehicle speed increases, since the sampling period is constant, the stored data will include values far behind, and as can be seen from FIG. 5(b), when driving on a road with large changes in road geometry Even if the actual measurement points are connected, the actual road alignment cannot be accurately traced. Therefore, the estimated value of the broken line extends in a direction different from that of the actual solid line, resulting in a problem in that the accuracy of estimation is reduced and the area or distance in which blind driving is possible is reduced.

【0006】したがって本発明は、道路線形を精度よく
推定しながら自動走行を継続できる自動走行制御装置を
提供することを目的とする。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic driving control device that can continue automatic driving while accurately estimating road alignment.

【0007】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】このため本発明は、道路
線形情報を検知するセンサを車両に設置し、検知された
道路線形情報を記憶する記憶装置と、記憶した過去の道
路線形情報に基づき車両前方の道路線形を推定する推定
装置と、車速制御装置とを備え、前記センサで検知して
得た道路線形と推定装置で推定された線形との偏差に応
じて前記車両の走行速度を制御するようにした自動走行
制御装置とすることによって、推定した道路線形の推定
精度が所定の範囲内に維持され、許容走行領域が拡大さ
れるようにした。
[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, the present invention provides a sensor for detecting road alignment information installed in a vehicle, a storage device for storing the detected road alignment information, and a sensor based on the stored past road alignment information. An estimation device for estimating the road alignment in front of the vehicle, and a vehicle speed control device, and the traveling speed of the vehicle is controlled according to the deviation between the road alignment detected by the sensor and the alignment estimated by the estimation device. By adopting an automatic driving control device configured to do this, the accuracy of the estimated road alignment is maintained within a predetermined range, and the allowable driving range is expanded.

【0008】[0008]

【実施例】図1および図2はこの発明の一実施例を示す
図で、道路線形情報として道路に描かれた白線を用いる
。白線検知センサ100はTVカメラ等で車両前方の道
路白線を画像データとして取り込み、画像処理装置によ
り車両前方の特定位置(例えば車両前方5mから25m
の範囲内の複数位置)に於ける車両座標系に対する白線
の相対位置Pmi(Xi,Ymi)、相対姿勢θmiを
白線情報として、図2の(a)のように出力する。
Embodiment FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which white lines drawn on the road are used as road alignment information. The white line detection sensor 100 captures the road white line in front of the vehicle as image data using a TV camera, etc., and uses an image processing device to detect a specific position in front of the vehicle (for example, from 5 m to 25 m in front of the vehicle).
The relative position Pmi (Xi, Ymi) and relative attitude θmi of the white line with respect to the vehicle coordinate system at a plurality of positions within the range of ) and the relative attitude θmi are output as white line information as shown in FIG. 2(a).

【0009】記憶装置101はこの白線情報を記憶して
おき、記憶装置101に蓄えられた情報に基づいて線形
推定装置102が車両前方の道路線形を推定すると、車
速制御装置103がその推定値(c)と次の実測値(a
)とを比較し、その偏差に応じて車両の走行速度を調節
する。
The storage device 101 stores this white line information, and when the linearity estimation device 102 estimates the road alignment in front of the vehicle based on the information stored in the storage device 101, the vehicle speed control device 103 calculates the estimated value ( c) and the next measured value (a
) and adjust the vehicle's running speed according to the deviation.

【0010】記憶装置101は容量に制限があるため、
送られてくるデータの内車両前方直近の1組の相対位置
データPNEW (=Pm1 )、θNEW (=θm
1 )だけを図2(b)のようにサンプリングの都度(
時刻t=t0 、t−1、t−2、…、t−N)蓄えて
いく。
Since the storage device 101 has a limited capacity,
Among the sent data, one set of relative position data nearest to the front of the vehicle PNEW (=Pm1), θNEW (=θm
1) at each sampling time as shown in Figure 2(b).
time t=t0, t-1, t-2,..., t-N).

【0011】次にフローチャートを示す図3に基づいて
この実施例の動作を説明する。ステップ11において線
形推定装置102は、記憶装置101に記憶されている
図2(b)に示すような過去の道路線形情報を用い、図
2(c)に示すような道路線形の推定値(Xi,F(X
i))を演算する。
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained based on FIG. 3 showing a flowchart. In step 11, the linearity estimation device 102 uses the past road alignment information as shown in FIG. ,F(X
i))).

【0012】なお、道路線形を推定するのに使用される
推定式としては、2次の補完式
[0012] The estimation formula used to estimate the road alignment is a quadratic complementary formula.

【数1】 或いは、3次の補完式[Math 1] Or, the cubic complement equation

【数2】 等が一般に知られている。[Math 2] etc. are generally known.

【0013】ステップ12において、白線検知センサ1
00は車両前方の特定位置における白線位置を検知して
、図2(a)に示すような実測値Pmi、θmiを出力
する。
In step 12, the white line detection sensor 1
00 detects the white line position at a specific position in front of the vehicle and outputs actual measured values Pmi and θmi as shown in FIG. 2(a).

【0014】ステップ13において車速制御装置103
は、Xi(i=1、2、…、L)座標に対する推定値F
(Xi)と実測値Ymiの偏差Dを
In step 13, the vehicle speed control device 103
is the estimated value F for the Xi (i=1, 2, ..., L) coordinates
The deviation D between (Xi) and the measured value Ymi is

【数3】 として計算する。[Math 3] Calculate as.

【0015】ステップ14において、車速制御装置10
3は算出した偏差Dから許容値εを減算し、その減算結
果が0未満であるか0以上であるかを判断する。ここで
、減算結果Sが0未満である場合にはステップ15へ進
み、減算結果が0以上である場合にはステップ16へ進
む。
In step 14, the vehicle speed control device 10
3 subtracts the allowable value ε from the calculated deviation D, and determines whether the subtraction result is less than 0 or greater than 0. Here, if the subtraction result S is less than 0, the process proceeds to step 15, and if the subtraction result is 0 or more, the process proceeds to step 16.

【0016】ステップ15において、車速制御装置10
3は例えば図示しないスロットル・アクチュエータ等を
制御することによって、車両の走行速度を現在の速度V
より所定量△Vだけ加速させ V=V+△V とする。ステップ16に進んだ場合には車速制御装置1
03は、車両の走行速度を現在の速度Vより所定量△V
だけ減速させ V=V−△V とする。
In step 15, the vehicle speed control device 10
3 changes the running speed of the vehicle to the current speed V by controlling, for example, a throttle actuator (not shown), etc.
The motor is accelerated by a predetermined amount △V so that V=V+△V. If you proceed to step 16, the vehicle speed control device 1
03 is the vehicle running speed by a predetermined amount △V from the current speed V.
The speed is reduced by V=V-△V.

【0017】これにより図4(a)のように破線で示す
推定線形が実線で示される実際の道路線形とずれると、
車両の走行速度を低下させ、その結果サンプリング周期
Tが同じでも(b)のように記憶されるデータの間隔が
密になり道路線形が精度よく推定される。
As a result, if the estimated road alignment shown by the broken line deviates from the actual road alignment shown by the solid line as shown in FIG. 4(a),
The traveling speed of the vehicle is reduced, and as a result, even if the sampling period T is the same, the intervals between the stored data become closer as shown in (b), and the road alignment can be estimated with high accuracy.

【0018】この後ステップ17において、実測値デー
タのうち車両から直近の1組のデータPNEW (=P
m1 )、θNEW (=θm1 )を加え記憶装置1
01のデータを更新する。更新は、 PNEW →P0 、P0 →P−1、…、P−(N−
1)→P−NθNEW →θ0 、θ0 →θ−1、…
、θ−(N−1)→θ−Nのように行なわれる。
After this, in step 17, one set of data PNEW (=P
m1), θNEW (=θm1) and storage device 1
Update the data of 01. The update is as follows: PNEW →P0, P0 →P-1, ..., P-(N-
1) →P-NθNEW →θ0, θ0 →θ-1,...
, θ-(N-1)→θ-N.

【0019】なお、上記実施例では道路左側に描かれた
白線位置を線形情報として用いたがさらに右側の白線の
位置も検知して線形情報に加え、より精度の高い推定お
よび自動走行を得ることができる。
In the above embodiment, the position of the white line drawn on the left side of the road is used as linear information, but the position of the white line on the right side can also be detected and added to the linear information to obtain more accurate estimation and automatic driving. Can be done.

【0020】[0020]

【発明の効果】以上説明してきたように、記憶した道路
線形情報を基に線形推定装置により前方の道路線形を推
定し、車速制御装置により実測値と推定値とを比較して
、道路線形の一致度合いによって車両の走行速度を調節
することとしたため、走行途中で例えば白線情報が得ら
れなくなるような緊急事態になったとしても、道路線形
によらず安定して、精度よくその道路線形を推定予測し
走行を継続することができる。またその速度制御は直線
路では高速に、予測しづらい曲線路あるいは規則性のな
い複雑な走路では低速になり、人の感覚に合致した走行
態様が得られるという利点がある。
[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the road alignment ahead is estimated by the linearity estimation device based on the stored road alignment information, and the actual measured value and the estimated value are compared by the vehicle speed control device. Since the vehicle speed is adjusted depending on the degree of matching, even if an emergency situation occurs in which white line information cannot be obtained while driving, the road alignment can be stably and accurately estimated regardless of the road alignment. It is possible to predict and continue driving. In addition, the speed control is controlled at high speeds on straight roads and at low speeds on curved roads that are difficult to predict or on complex roads with no regularity, which has the advantage of providing a driving mode that matches human senses.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

【図1】本発明の実施例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】線形情報のデータを示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing data of linear information.

【図3】本発明における制御のフロー図である。FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of control in the present invention.

【図4】走行速度制御例の説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an example of traveling speed control.

【図5】従来例における推定の説明図である。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of estimation in a conventional example.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

100  白線検知センサ 101  記憶装置 102  推定装置 103  車速制御装置 100 White line detection sensor 101 Storage device 102 Estimation device 103 Vehicle speed control device

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】車両に設置されて道路線形情報を検知する
センサと、該情報を記憶する記憶装置と、記憶した過去
の道路線形情報に基づき車両前方の道路線形を推定する
推定装置と、前記センサで検知して得た道路線形と推定
装置で推定された線形との偏差に応じて前記車両の走行
速度を制御する車速制御装置とを備えたことを特徴とす
る自動走行制御装置。
1. A sensor installed on a vehicle to detect road alignment information; a storage device for storing the information; and an estimation device for estimating the road alignment in front of the vehicle based on the stored past road alignment information; An automatic travel control device comprising: a vehicle speed control device that controls a traveling speed of the vehicle according to a deviation between a road alignment detected by a sensor and a road alignment estimated by an estimation device.
JP3098148A 1991-04-03 1991-04-03 Automatic driving control device Expired - Fee Related JP2768038B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3098148A JP2768038B2 (en) 1991-04-03 1991-04-03 Automatic driving control device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3098148A JP2768038B2 (en) 1991-04-03 1991-04-03 Automatic driving control device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH04306709A true JPH04306709A (en) 1992-10-29
JP2768038B2 JP2768038B2 (en) 1998-06-25

Family

ID=14212101

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3098148A Expired - Fee Related JP2768038B2 (en) 1991-04-03 1991-04-03 Automatic driving control device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2768038B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018012179A1 (en) * 2016-07-12 2018-01-18 日産自動車株式会社 Travel control method and travel control device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018012179A1 (en) * 2016-07-12 2018-01-18 日産自動車株式会社 Travel control method and travel control device
JPWO2018012179A1 (en) * 2016-07-12 2019-05-30 日産自動車株式会社 Traveling control method and traveling control device
US10946858B2 (en) 2016-07-12 2021-03-16 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Travel control method and travel control apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2768038B2 (en) 1998-06-25

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