JPH04278022A - Low-temperature silo and low-temperature preservation - Google Patents
Low-temperature silo and low-temperature preservationInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04278022A JPH04278022A JP3634191A JP3634191A JPH04278022A JP H04278022 A JPH04278022 A JP H04278022A JP 3634191 A JP3634191 A JP 3634191A JP 3634191 A JP3634191 A JP 3634191A JP H04278022 A JPH04278022 A JP H04278022A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- silo
- space
- low
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】0001
【産業上の利用分野】貯蔵されている穀物等が夏期など
にその温度が上昇し変質することを防ぐためのサイロ構
造及び貯蔵方法に関する。[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a silo structure and a storage method for preventing stored grains from being deteriorated due to a rise in temperature during summer.
【0002】0002
【従来の技術】大量の穀物を貯蔵するサイロは、一般に
屋外に設置されている。夏期になると気温が上昇し、サ
イロの壁面から内部に熱が伝わり、貯蔵されている穀物
の温度が上昇する。穀物は比較的低い一定範囲の温度下
で貯蔵されていることが望ましく、温度上昇により品質
が劣化することが知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Silos for storing large amounts of grain are generally installed outdoors. As temperatures rise in the summer, heat is transferred from the walls of the silo to the inside, raising the temperature of the stored grain. It is desirable that grains be stored under a certain relatively low temperature range, and it is known that quality deteriorates as the temperature increases.
【0003】この温度上昇を防ぐため、従来、サイロの
壁を断熱構造としたり、低温の空気をサイロ内に堆積し
ている穀物層に吹き込むこと等が行われている。例えば
、特公昭57−25168号公報には、底部から穀物層
に冷気を吹き込み上部から取り出して循環させる断熱壁
構造のサイロが開示されている。この概要を図4に示す
。送風機1から送出された冷気はダクト2を通ってサイ
ロ3の中に吹き込まれ、貯蔵物4の間隙をぬってサイロ
上部に達し、ここから戻り管11を経て空調機12へ戻
る。又、特開平2−207715号公報には、温度及び
湿度を調整した空気をサイロの上部から送り、底部で強
制的に吸引する方法が開示されている。[0003] In order to prevent this temperature rise, conventional methods have been to provide the walls of the silo with a heat-insulating structure, or to blow low-temperature air into the grain layer deposited within the silo. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-25168 discloses a silo with a heat insulating wall structure in which cold air is blown into the grain layer from the bottom and taken out from the top and circulated. An overview of this is shown in Figure 4. Cold air sent out from the blower 1 is blown into the silo 3 through the duct 2, passes through the gap between the stored materials 4, reaches the upper part of the silo, and returns from there to the air conditioner 12 via the return pipe 11. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-207715 discloses a method in which air whose temperature and humidity have been adjusted is sent from the top of the silo and forcibly sucked at the bottom.
【0004】0004
【発明が解決しようとする課題】これらの方式では、何
れも穀物層に直接空気を流す方法を採っている。このた
め、高く堆積した穀物層を通り抜ける間の圧力損失が大
きく、高圧の送風機或いは吸引機を用いなければならな
かった。又、サイロ内では壁を通して外部の熱が伝わり
、周壁近傍の温度は中心部近傍より高くなるが、穀物層
に空気を流す方式では、この温度分布を是正する流し方
をすることが困難であった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] All of these methods employ a method in which air is caused to flow directly through the grain layer. For this reason, the pressure loss during passage through the highly accumulated grain layer is large, and a high-pressure blower or suction machine must be used. In addition, heat from the outside is transmitted through the walls inside the silo, and the temperature near the peripheral wall is higher than that near the center, but with the method of flowing air through the grain layer, it is difficult to correct this temperature distribution. Ta.
【0005】このような問題を解決するためにこの発明
はなされたもので、気体吹き込みに小さな圧力しか必要
とせず、しかも、サイロ内全体の温度を均一にしてその
温度上昇を効率的に防止することを目的とする。[0005] This invention was made in order to solve such problems, and requires only a small pressure for gas blowing, and moreover, uniformizes the temperature throughout the silo and efficiently prevents the temperature from rising. The purpose is to
【0006】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するため
めの手段は、壁を二重構造とし、この壁面間の空間に低
温気体を流す壁構造を持つ低温サイロとこのサイロの壁
面間の空間温度を所定の温度即ち穀物が変質しない温度
範囲に保つ低温貯蔵方法である。[Means for solving the problem] The means for achieving this purpose is to create a low-temperature silo with a double wall structure and a wall structure that allows low-temperature gas to flow into the space between the walls, and a space between the walls of this silo. This is a low-temperature storage method that maintains the space temperature at a predetermined temperature, that is, within a temperature range where grains do not deteriorate.
【0007】[0007]
【作用】外気の温度がサイロ内部の温度よりも高くなる
と、サイロ全体に温度勾配が生ずる。外気と中心部との
温度差が大きいほどこれらの勾配は大きいが、外気温度
が高まるに伴い壁の近傍は勿論中心部の温度も高まる。
このようにサイロ内部の温度が高くなると穀物の変質が
起こるので、これを防ぐ必要がある。[Operation] When the temperature of the outside air becomes higher than the temperature inside the silo, a temperature gradient occurs throughout the silo. These gradients become larger as the temperature difference between the outside air and the center increases, but as the outside air temperature increases, the temperature not only in the vicinity of the wall but also in the center increases. When the temperature inside the silo increases in this way, grain deterioration occurs, so it is necessary to prevent this.
【0008】穀物層に冷気や湿度・温度を調整した空気
等を吹き込むのは直接的な方法で、穀物を冷却するだけ
なら簡便な方法であるが、壁の近傍から中心部へかけて
の温度勾配を修正することは困難である。この様子を図
5に示す。図で、縦軸は温度、横軸はサイロの横断位置
で、Tcl,Tilは低い外気温度Tolに対する各々
サイロの中心部、壁内面の温度である。又、Tch,T
ihは高い外気温度Tohに対する各々サイロの中心部
、壁内面の温度であり、Tm は貯蔵の適正温度、Tu
は穀物が変質しない限界温度である。外気がそれ程高く
ない場合は、中心部の温度を適正温度Tm に保っても
サイロ内部の温度勾配は小さく、貯蔵穀物の全てがTm
近辺に保てる。しかし、外気温度Tohが高くなると
、壁内面の温度Tihが限界温度Tuを超えることがあ
り、これを防止するには、吹き込み空気の温度を適正温
度Tm 以下に下げるか、吹き込み空気の流量を増大さ
せることが必要となる。Blowing cold air or air with adjusted humidity and temperature into the grain layer is a direct method and is a simple method if you only want to cool the grain, but the temperature from the vicinity of the wall to the center It is difficult to modify the slope. This situation is shown in FIG. In the figure, the vertical axis is the temperature, the horizontal axis is the cross-sectional position of the silo, and Tcl and Til are the temperatures of the center of the silo and the inner wall of the silo, respectively, relative to the low outside temperature Tol. Also, Tch, T
ih is the temperature of the center and inner wall of the silo relative to the high outside temperature Toh, and Tm is the appropriate temperature for storage, Tu
is the critical temperature at which grains do not deteriorate. If the outside air is not that high, even if the temperature in the center is maintained at the appropriate temperature Tm, the temperature gradient inside the silo will be small and all of the stored grain will reach Tm.
Keep it nearby. However, when the outside air temperature Toh increases, the temperature Tih on the inner wall surface may exceed the limit temperature Tu. To prevent this, either lower the temperature of the blown air to below the appropriate temperature Tm or increase the flow rate of the blown air. It is necessary to do so.
【0009】サイロの壁を二重構造とし、この壁面間の
空間に低温空気を流す壁構造を持たせると、この空間の
温度をコントロールすることが容易になる。このサイロ
の概要を図1に示す。送風機1から送出された低温気体
はダクト2を通ってサイロ3の外壁6と内壁7との間の
空間8に導かれ他端の出口5から排出される構造となっ
ている。気体の流れは、空間8の下部から上部へ向かっ
てもよいが、その逆の構造でもよい。又、空間8から排
出された気体は、再び温度調整を施し送風機1へ戻し循
環使用する構造としてもよい。温度調整機を送風機1の
前に配してもよいが、空間8に適当な冷却能力を持たせ
てもよい。空間8内の温度を均一にするために、導入口
や排出口は複数取り付けるのも良い。更に、空間8は気
体が流れればよいので、ここに強度部材が組み込まれて
いてもよい。[0009] If the walls of the silo have a double structure and the space between the walls has a wall structure that allows low-temperature air to flow, it becomes easy to control the temperature of this space. An overview of this silo is shown in Figure 1. The low temperature gas sent out from the blower 1 is guided through a duct 2 to a space 8 between an outer wall 6 and an inner wall 7 of the silo 3, and is discharged from an outlet 5 at the other end. The gas flow may be directed from the bottom to the top of the space 8, or the opposite structure may be used. Alternatively, the gas discharged from the space 8 may be temperature-adjusted again and returned to the blower 1 for circulation. A temperature regulator may be placed in front of the blower 1, or the space 8 may have an appropriate cooling capacity. In order to make the temperature in the space 8 uniform, it is also good to install a plurality of inlets and outlets. Furthermore, since gas only needs to flow through the space 8, a strength member may be incorporated therein.
【0010】夏期など、外気温度が上昇しそうな時に、
上記のような二重構造壁の壁面間の空間8の温度を限界
温度以下の穀物貯蔵に適正な所定の温度に保ってやると
、サイロ内部の横断位置による温度勾配は実質的に無く
なり、穀物全体が適正な温度に貯蔵される。この様子を
図3に示す。図で、Ta は空間8の温度で、他の温度
は図5と共通の記号で表示してある。外気温度Tohが
上昇しても、外壁外面と空間との温度勾配が大きくなる
だけで、内壁内面の温度Tihは空間温度Ta とほぼ
同じ温度に維持される。即ち、Tihは適正温度Tm
及び中心部の温度Tchとほぼ等しくなる。したがって
全ての穀物が適正温度Tm 付近に保たれ、部分的に過
度に冷却する必要は全く無くなる。このように、空間温
度Ta を維持すればよいので、必ずしも低温気体を殆
ど流さなくともよい。例えば、空間8に適当な冷却能力
を持たせた場合では流すことはその意味を持たない。又
、用いる気体は空気が安価で安全でもあるが、他の気体
、例えば液化ガスやドライアイス或いはその他の低温物
を単独或いは混合して用いたり、或いは冷媒として用い
ることも出来る。
低温物を利用する方法は、サイロの設置環境や規模によ
って冷却装置を用いたくない場合に便利である。[0010] When the outside temperature is likely to rise, such as during the summer,
If the temperature of the space 8 between the walls of the double wall as described above is maintained at a predetermined temperature suitable for grain storage below the critical temperature, the temperature gradient due to the transverse position inside the silo will be virtually eliminated, and the grain will The whole thing is stored at the right temperature. This situation is shown in FIG. In the figure, Ta is the temperature of the space 8, and other temperatures are indicated by the same symbols as in FIG. Even if the outside air temperature Toh increases, the temperature gradient between the outer surface of the outer wall and the space only increases, and the temperature Tih of the inner wall inner surface is maintained at approximately the same temperature as the space temperature Ta. That is, Tih is the appropriate temperature Tm
and becomes almost equal to the temperature Tch at the center. Therefore, all of the grains are maintained at around the appropriate temperature Tm, and there is no need to excessively cool some of the grains. In this way, since it is sufficient to maintain the space temperature Ta, it is not necessarily necessary to flow almost any low-temperature gas. For example, if the space 8 is provided with an appropriate cooling capacity, flowing water has no meaning. Although air is cheap and safe, other gases such as liquefied gas, dry ice, or other low-temperature substances can be used alone or in combination, or as a refrigerant. The method of using low-temperature materials is convenient when it is not desired to use a cooling device depending on the installation environment or scale of the silo.
【0011】低温気体を壁面間の空間に流すことのもう
一つの作用効果は、送出するための圧力が小さくて済む
ことである。例えば、直径5ミリ前後の大豆を充填した
内径6mのサイロに空筒速度0.1m/sで空気を吹き
込むときの単位層高当たりの圧力損失は400Pa/m
にもなる。これに対して、同じ流量(2.8m3 /s
)をサイロ外周に設けた壁面間隔0.1mの壁面間の空
間に流した場合の圧力損失は僅かに0.6Pa/mであ
る。Another advantage of flowing cold gas into the space between the walls is that less pressure is required for delivery. For example, when air is blown into a silo with an inner diameter of 6 m filled with soybeans approximately 5 mm in diameter at a cylinder speed of 0.1 m/s, the pressure loss per unit layer height is 400 Pa/m.
It also becomes. In contrast, the same flow rate (2.8 m3/s
) is allowed to flow through the space between the walls provided on the outer periphery of the silo with an interval of 0.1 m, the pressure loss is only 0.6 Pa/m.
【0012】なお、以上穀物を対象にこの発明の作用を
述べてきたが、サイロの貯蔵物が肥料或いは化成品等他
の物の場合にも、同様に以上の作用原理が適用できるこ
とは容易に理解されよう。更には、貯蔵物が吸湿や酸化
を嫌ったりする場合でも、気体は直接貯蔵物に触れない
ので、安全に低温貯蔵することが出来る。[0012] Although the operation of the present invention has been described above with reference to grains, it is easy to see that the above principle of operation can be similarly applied to cases where the silo stores other substances such as fertilizers or chemical products. be understood. Furthermore, even if the stored items do not like moisture absorption or oxidation, the gas does not come into direct contact with the stored items, so they can be safely stored at low temperatures.
【0013】[0013]
【実施例】二重壁構造の壁面間の空間に冷熱管を配し、
この空間に冷却能力を持たせたサイロを製作した。その
概要を図3に示す。9は冷熱管で蛇管とし、サイロ3の
外壁6と内壁7との間の空間8に配置し、冷熱管9には
別の用途に使用する液体天然ガスを通した。送風機1か
ら外気をダクト2を通して空間8へ導いたが、これは冷
熱管9によって冷し過ぎるのを防ぐためである。即ち、
空間8の温度は冷熱管9を通る低温の天然ガスの量によ
って主としてコントロールし、送風機1から送られる高
温の外気の量によって微調整を行った。[Example] Cooling and heating pipes are arranged in the space between the walls of a double wall structure,
We created a silo with cooling capacity in this space. An overview is shown in Figure 3. Reference numeral 9 denotes a cold and hot pipe, which is a corrugated pipe and is placed in a space 8 between the outer wall 6 and the inner wall 7 of the silo 3, and liquid natural gas used for another purpose is passed through the cold and hot pipe 9. The outside air was guided from the blower 1 to the space 8 through the duct 2 in order to prevent it from becoming too cold due to the cooling and heating pipes 9. That is,
The temperature of the space 8 was mainly controlled by the amount of low-temperature natural gas passing through the cold pipe 9, and finely adjusted by the amount of high-temperature outside air sent from the blower 1.
【0014】外壁外面の温度は日の出前に15℃で、サ
イロ中心部温度と同じであった。空間8の温度を15℃
に保つことを目標にコントロールしたところ、外壁外面
の温度は午後には32℃まで昇温したが、サイロ中心部
及び内壁内面の温度共に一日中17℃以下に保たれてい
た。The temperature on the outer surface of the outer wall was 15° C. before sunrise, which was the same as the temperature at the center of the silo. Temperature of space 8 is 15℃
As a result, the temperature on the outer surface of the outer wall rose to 32°C in the afternoon, but the temperature at the center of the silo and the inner surface of the inner wall remained below 17°C throughout the day.
【0015】[0015]
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、サイロの壁を二重構
造とし、壁面間の空間の温度を貯蔵適正温度に保持する
ので、外気の温度が高くなってもサイロの内部に温度勾
配が生ぜず、したがって、すべての貯蔵物が安全な温度
に保たれると共に、部分的に過剰に冷却する必要もない
。又、冷気を流して温度調整を行う場合でも、抵抗の大
きい貯蔵物層に吹き込まず抵抗が殆ど無い空間に送るの
で、送風圧力が小さくて済む。このように、効率的に且
つ貯蔵物の全てを精度良く一定の低温に保つことを可能
としたこの発明の効果は大きい。[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, the walls of the silo have a double structure and the temperature of the space between the walls is maintained at the appropriate storage temperature, so even if the outside air temperature rises, there is no temperature gradient inside the silo. Therefore, all stores are kept at a safe temperature and there is no need for excessive cooling of the parts. Furthermore, even when the temperature is adjusted by flowing cold air, the blowing pressure is low because the cold air is not blown into the stored material layer where the resistance is high but is sent into the space where there is almost no resistance. As described above, the present invention has a great effect in that it is possible to efficiently and accurately maintain all stored items at a constant low temperature.
【図1】 この発明の低温サイロの構造を示すその概
要図。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a low-temperature silo according to the present invention.
【図2】 一実施例である低温サイロの構造を示すそ
の概要図。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a low-temperature silo according to an embodiment.
【図3】 壁間空間の温度調整の作用を説明するため
の温度分布図。FIG. 3 is a temperature distribution diagram for explaining the effect of temperature adjustment in the inter-wall space.
【図4】 従来の低温サイロの構造を示すその概要図
。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a conventional low-temperature silo.
【図5】 従来の低温サイロの作用を説明するための
温度分布図。FIG. 5 is a temperature distribution diagram for explaining the operation of a conventional low-temperature silo.
1 送風機 3 サイロ 4 貯蔵物 6 外壁 7 内壁 8 空間 1 Blower 3 Silo 4. Storage 6. External wall 7 Inner wall 8 Space
Claims (2)
に低温気体を流すことを特徴とする低温サイロ。1. A low-temperature silo characterized by having a double wall structure and allowing low-temperature gas to flow through the space between the wall surfaces.
間の空間温度を所定の温度に保つことを特徴とする低温
貯蔵方法。2. A low-temperature storage method comprising using the low-temperature silo according to claim 1 to maintain the space temperature between the walls at a predetermined temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3634191A JPH04278022A (en) | 1991-03-01 | 1991-03-01 | Low-temperature silo and low-temperature preservation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3634191A JPH04278022A (en) | 1991-03-01 | 1991-03-01 | Low-temperature silo and low-temperature preservation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04278022A true JPH04278022A (en) | 1992-10-02 |
Family
ID=12467133
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP3634191A Pending JPH04278022A (en) | 1991-03-01 | 1991-03-01 | Low-temperature silo and low-temperature preservation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH04278022A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH059243U (en) * | 1991-07-24 | 1993-02-09 | 株式会社山本製作所 | Anti-mottling device in grain silo |
JP2016049057A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-04-11 | 株式会社サタケ | Grain storage silo in country elevator, and raw cereal quality maintaining method |
RU2723327C1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-06-09 | Михаил Иванович Голубенко | Method for storage of grain in container |
-
1991
- 1991-03-01 JP JP3634191A patent/JPH04278022A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH059243U (en) * | 1991-07-24 | 1993-02-09 | 株式会社山本製作所 | Anti-mottling device in grain silo |
JP2016049057A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-04-11 | 株式会社サタケ | Grain storage silo in country elevator, and raw cereal quality maintaining method |
RU2723327C1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-06-09 | Михаил Иванович Голубенко | Method for storage of grain in container |
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