JPH04273909A - Incineration method of refuse - Google Patents
Incineration method of refuseInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04273909A JPH04273909A JP3276091A JP3276091A JPH04273909A JP H04273909 A JPH04273909 A JP H04273909A JP 3276091 A JP3276091 A JP 3276091A JP 3276091 A JP3276091 A JP 3276091A JP H04273909 A JPH04273909 A JP H04273909A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- waste
- crusher
- storage tank
- incinerator
- receiving storage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 122
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 101150054854 POU1F1 gene Proteins 0.000 abstract 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010344 co-firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、例えば一般家庭或い
は事務所から排出される可燃物などの廃棄物を廃棄物受
入貯蔵槽あるいは必要に応じて各処理工程を経て焼却炉
に投入して廃棄物を焼却する廃棄物の焼却方法に関する
。[Industrial Application Field] This invention is designed to dispose of waste such as combustible materials discharged from general households or offices by throwing it into a waste receiving storage tank or, if necessary, an incinerator after passing through various processing steps. Concerning a waste incineration method for incinerating objects.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】従来から都市ごみ焼却施設において処理
処分されていたいわゆる可燃性の都市ごみ（廃棄物）に
ついては、近年多様な化学物質が混入していることから
、その廃棄ガスの処理、排水、焼却灰の処分過程で二次
的な環境汚染問題が発生し、その対策が極めて困難なも
のとなってきている。とくに、地球的規模の環境問題を
背景にして、都市ごみ焼却炉の排気ガスの発生を抑制す
る技術の開発が緊急かつ重要な課題となってきている。
その解決策としては、これまで次の２つの方法が取られ
てきている。[Prior Art] In recent years, so-called combustible municipal waste (waste), which has traditionally been treated and disposed of in municipal waste incineration facilities, has been contaminated with various chemical substances, so the waste gas has been treated and disposed of in waste water. Secondary environmental pollution problems occur during the disposal process of incinerated ash, and countermeasures are becoming extremely difficult. In particular, against the backdrop of global environmental problems, the development of technology to suppress the generation of exhaust gas from municipal waste incinerators has become an urgent and important issue. To date, the following two methods have been used to solve this problem.
【０００３】第一は、都市ごみ焼却炉に排ガス処理施設
などの公害防止設備を高度なものとし、かつ焼却炉から
の余熱を発電や蒸気・温水として有効に活用する方法で
ある。The first method is to equip a municipal waste incinerator with advanced pollution prevention equipment such as an exhaust gas treatment facility, and to effectively utilize residual heat from the incinerator for power generation, steam, and hot water.
【０００４】第二は、都市ごみを燃料化して、これを化
石燃料資源に代替していくことを狙った各種の製造方法
（ＲＤＦと称す）である。The second type is various production methods (referred to as RDF) aimed at converting municipal waste into fuel and replacing it with fossil fuel resources.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上述した従
来技術のうち、前者は、都市ごみの処理にかかる費用が
増大し、かつ都市ごみから発生するエネルギーを有効に
活用するには厳しい限界があることが分かってきている
。このため、大型化によってスケールメリットの追及が
なされているが、大型化の場合には周辺への環境への影
響も大きく、現状では第２の方法（後者）に向けての研
究開発に関心が払われるようになってきているが、本格
的な事業化がなかなか進んでいないのが現状である。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Among the above-mentioned conventional technologies, the former increases the cost of processing municipal waste and has severe limitations in effectively utilizing the energy generated from municipal waste. This is becoming clearer. For this reason, economies of scale are being pursued by increasing the size, but increasing the size also has a large impact on the surrounding environment, and currently there is little interest in research and development toward the second method (the latter). However, the current situation is that full-scale commercialization is slow to progress.
【０００６】しかも、化石燃料に比べて塩素（Ｃｌ）に
よるボイラーの腐食などがあって、高効率でクリーンな
エネルギーを得ることが困難とされている。Moreover, compared to fossil fuels, chlorine (Cl) causes boiler corrosion, making it difficult to obtain highly efficient and clean energy.
【０００７】また、近年直接または乾燥後（ＣａＯ）２
を添加して焼却する方法ではゴミと（ＣａＣｌ）３
との反応によりＮＯＸ対策やクリーンなエネルギーを得
るのに抜本的な解決策となっていないのである。In recent years, direct or dried (CaO)2
In the method of adding and incinerating garbage, (CaCl)3
Due to this reaction, it is not a fundamental solution to countermeasures against NOx or to obtain clean energy.
【０００８】この発明の目的は、上記問題点を改善する
ため、塩素の腐食の抑制を効果的に防止できて、ＮＯＸ
やＣａＣＯ３ を除外すると共に都市ごみなどの廃棄物
を廃棄物受入貯蔵槽あるいは必要に応じて各処理工程を
経て焼却炉に投入し焼却する際、廃棄物の特性に応じて
廃棄物にアルカリ土類金属酸化物を必要量だけ投入して
物理化学的な反応処理を行なわせしめてクリーンな燃料
として焼却炉にて焼却し高効率でクリーンなエネルギー
を得るようにした廃棄物の焼却方法を提供することにあ
る。An object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned problems by effectively preventing chlorine corrosion and reducing NOX.
In addition to excluding alkaline earths and CaCO3, when waste such as municipal waste is put into a waste reception storage tank or, if necessary, passed through each treatment process and incinerated in an incinerator, alkaline earths are added to the waste depending on the characteristics of the waste. To provide a waste incineration method in which a necessary amount of metal oxide is introduced, a physicochemical reaction treatment is performed, and the waste is incinerated as a clean fuel in an incinerator to obtain highly efficient and clean energy. It is in.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、第１の発明は、都市ごみなどの廃棄物を廃棄物受入
貯蔵槽に投入した後に焼却炉に投入して廃棄物を焼却す
る際、前記廃棄物の特性に応じて、前記廃棄物受入貯蔵
槽にアルカリ土類金属酸化物の添加量を添加して合理的
に物理化学的反応処理を行うことを特徴とする廃棄物の
焼却方法である。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the first invention is to put waste such as municipal waste into a waste receiving storage tank and then put it into an incinerator to incinerate the waste. Incineration of waste, characterized in that, according to the characteristics of the waste, an additional amount of alkaline earth metal oxide is added to the waste receiving storage tank to perform a rational physicochemical reaction treatment. It's a method.
【００１０】第２の発明は、都市ごみなどの廃棄物を廃
棄物受入貯蔵槽に投入した後、解砕機を経て焼却炉に投
入して廃棄物を焼却する際、前記廃棄物の特性に応じて
、前記廃棄物受入貯蔵槽および解砕機の両方又はいずれ
か一方にアルカリ土類金属酸化物の添加量を添加して合
理的に物理化学的反応処理を行うことを特徴とする廃棄
物の焼却方法である。[0010] In the second invention, when waste such as municipal waste is put into a waste receiving storage tank and then passed through a crusher and put into an incinerator to be incinerated, the waste is incinerated according to the characteristics of the waste. Waste incineration, characterized in that an additional amount of alkaline earth metal oxide is added to both or either of the waste receiving storage tank and the crusher to perform a rational physicochemical reaction treatment. It's a method.
【００１１】第３の発明は、都市ごみなどの廃棄物を廃
棄物受入貯蔵槽に投入した後、解砕機，第１選別機およ
び破砕機を経て焼却炉に投入して廃棄物を焼却する際、
前記廃棄物の特性に応じて前記廃棄物受入貯蔵槽，解砕
機および破砕機の全部又はいずれかにアルカリ土類金属
酸化物の添加量を添加して合理的に物理化学的反応処理
を行なうことを特徴とする廃棄物の焼却方法である。[0011] In the third invention, after putting waste such as municipal waste into a waste receiving storage tank, the waste is incinerated by passing through a crusher, a first sorter and a crusher, and then putting it into an incinerator. ,
Adding an amount of alkaline earth metal oxide to all or any of the waste receiving storage tank, crusher, and crusher according to the characteristics of the waste to perform a rational physicochemical reaction treatment. This is a waste incineration method characterized by:
【００１２】第４の発明は、都市ごみなどの廃棄物を廃
棄物受入貯蔵槽に投入した後、解砕機，第１選別機，破
砕機，第２選別機および混合加熱反応器を経て焼却炉に
投入して廃棄物を焼却する際、前記廃棄物の特性に応じ
て、前記廃棄物受入貯蔵槽，解砕機，破砕機および混合
加熱反応器の全部またはいずれかにアルカリ土類金属酸
化物の添加量を添加して合理的に物理化学的反応処理を
行うことを特徴とする廃棄物の焼却方法である。[0012] In the fourth invention, after putting waste such as municipal waste into a waste receiving storage tank, it is passed through a crusher, a first sorter, a crusher, a second sorter, and a mixing and heating reactor, and then transferred to an incinerator. When incinerating waste, depending on the characteristics of the waste, alkaline earth metal oxides may be added to all or any of the waste receiving storage tank, crusher, shredder, and mixing/heating reactor. This is a waste incineration method characterized by adding an additive amount and performing a rational physicochemical reaction treatment.
【００１３】[0013]
【作用】この発明の廃棄物の焼却方法を採用することに
より、廃棄物を焼却炉で焼却する前の廃棄物受入貯蔵槽
や他の解砕機，破砕機，混合加熱反応器の全部またはい
ずれの工程で廃棄物の特性に応じて必要な量のアルカリ
土類金属酸化物の添加量を添加して合理的に物理化学的
反応処理を行うことによってクリーンな燃料として焼却
炉で焼却されて、高効率でクリーンなエネルギーが得ら
れると共に、塩素の腐食の抑制を効果的に防止でき、Ｎ
ＯＸやＣａＣＯ３ が除外される。[Operation] By adopting the waste incineration method of the present invention, all or any of the waste receiving storage tank, other crushers, shredders, and mixing/heating reactors before the waste is incinerated in the incinerator can be In the process, the necessary amount of alkaline earth metal oxide is added according to the characteristics of the waste, and by performing a rational physicochemical reaction treatment, it is incinerated in an incinerator as a clean fuel. Not only can you obtain efficient and clean energy, but you can also effectively prevent corrosion caused by chlorine, and N
OX and CaCO3 are excluded.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】以下、この発明の実施例を図面に基づいて詳
細に説明する。Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
【００１５】図１を参照するに、例えば一般家庭あるい
は事務所から排除されるごみなどの廃棄物Ｇは、紙，ダ
ンボール，繊維類などの可燃物と、鉄，アルミ，ガラス
，土，石，などの不燃物と、これらに含まれる水分など
で構成されており、例えばトラック，バッカー車などの
運搬者などで運ばれてきて、一旦、ピットなどからなる
廃棄物受入貯蔵槽１に投入される。この廃棄物受入貯蔵
槽１から必要な量だけ、必要な時期に廃棄物Ｇが解砕機
３に投入される。Referring to FIG. 1, waste G, such as garbage removed from general households or offices, includes combustible materials such as paper, cardboard, and textiles, as well as iron, aluminum, glass, soil, stone, etc. The waste is composed of non-combustible materials such as and moisture contained in these materials, and is transported by a transporter such as a truck or a backer vehicle, and is once placed in a waste receiving storage tank 1 consisting of a pit or the like. . The waste G is fed into the crusher 3 from the waste receiving storage tank 1 in the required amount and at the required time.
【００１６】この解砕機３は、例えば油圧低速駆動型の
引裂き粗破砕機で、具体的な構造は公知であるため、詳
細な説明は省略するが、回転数がそれぞれ異なる２また
は３軸を有し、各軸の外周にはそれぞれ複数の刃が備え
られている。The crusher 3 is, for example, a hydraulic low-speed drive type tearing coarse crusher, and its specific structure is well known, so a detailed explanation will be omitted, but it may have two or three shafts with different rotational speeds. However, a plurality of blades are provided on the outer periphery of each shaft.
【００１７】而して、投入された廃棄物Ｇを、回転数が
それぞれ異なる２または３軸の回転引裂刃によりくわえ
込み、引裂き、強固なものまで突き破って、低速，高ト
ルクの油圧駆動によりゆっくり引裂かれ、本体下部の排
出口から排出される。この解砕機３の駆動は油圧駆動方
式となっており、可変吐出アキシャルピストンポンプを
使用することにより、通常負荷時は、高速，低速トルク
にて、負荷増大時に低速，高速トルク運転と負荷の必要
に応じて軸回転数を可変とすることができるため、破砕
負荷については、常時最適状態にて運転制御が可能とな
っている。[0017] Then, the input waste G is gripped by two or three rotary tearing blades with different rotational speeds, and is torn, breaking through even the strongest parts, and slowly being driven by a low-speed, high-torque hydraulic drive. It is torn and discharged from the outlet at the bottom of the main body. This crusher 3 is driven by a hydraulic drive system, and by using a variable discharge axial piston pump, it can operate at high speed and low speed torque when the load is normal, and at low speed and high speed torque when the load increases. Since the shaft rotation speed can be varied according to the crushing load, it is possible to control the crushing load in an optimal state at all times.
【００１８】この解砕機３で解砕された第１廃棄物Ｇ１
は、例えばベルトコンベアなどからなる第１選別機５に
送られる。この第１選別機５には磁選機が備えられてい
て、この磁選機により鉄，非鉄などの金属が除去される
と共に有害危険物などが除去される。また、この第１選
別機５では、ビン，ブロックなどの中粒形無機物が選別
されて除去される。The first waste G1 crushed by this crusher 3
is sent to a first sorting machine 5, which includes, for example, a belt conveyor. The first sorter 5 is equipped with a magnetic separator, which removes metals such as ferrous and non-ferrous metals, as well as hazardous substances. Further, in this first sorter 5, medium-sized inorganic substances such as bottles and blocks are sorted and removed.
【００１９】第１選別機５で金属，無機物が除去される
と、第２廃棄物Ｇ２は破砕機７に送られる。この破砕機
７は例えばハンマミルなどからなっており、この破砕機
７で第２廃棄物Ｇ２はさらに細かく粉砕されるこの破砕
機７で細かく粉砕された第３廃棄物Ｇ３は、例えば磁選
機，篩分器，比重差分離機などからなる第２選別機９に
送られる。この第２選別機９では、第１選別機５で除去
しきれなかった細かな金属や無機物が除去されて、第４
廃棄物Ｇ４が混合加熱反応器１１に投入される。After metals and inorganic substances are removed by the first sorter 5, the second waste G2 is sent to the crusher 7. This crusher 7 includes, for example, a hammer mill, and the second waste G2 is further finely crushed by this crusher 7. The third waste G3 finely crushed by this crusher 7 is processed by, for example, a magnetic separator, a sieve, etc. It is sent to a second sorter 9, which includes a fractionator, a specific gravity difference separator, and the like. In this second sorter 9, fine metals and inorganic substances that could not be removed by the first sorter 5 are removed.
Waste G4 is charged into the mixing and heating reactor 11.
【００２０】この混合加熱反応器１１は例えば回転式６
角ミキサ，リボンミキサ、あるいは移動スクリュ式撹拌
機などからなっていて、貯留されながら一定時間加熱し
て混合される。この混合加熱反応器１１における加熱手
段としては、熱風や加熱チューブで行なうことにより、
反応速度を早くさせることができる。密閉状態下、例え
ば６０℃以上１００℃以下で１時間以上行なうのが好ま
しい。This mixing and heating reactor 11 is, for example, a rotary type 6
It consists of a square mixer, ribbon mixer, or moving screw type stirrer, and is heated and mixed for a certain period of time while being stored. As a heating means in this mixing/heating reactor 11, hot air or a heating tube can be used.
It can speed up the reaction rate. It is preferable to carry out the heating under closed conditions, for example, at 60° C. or higher and 100° C. or lower for 1 hour or more.
【００２１】次いで、混合加熱反応器１１で反応された
第５廃棄物Ｇ５は、すでに公知の例えば流動床式ボイラ
やストッカー型ボイラなどの焼却炉１３に送られて必要
な条件下で焼却されて必要な高効率でクリーンなエネル
ギーが得られるのである。しかも、塩素による腐食を防
止でき、ＮＯＸやＣａＣＯ３ を除外させることができ
る。Next, the fifth waste G5 reacted in the mixing and heating reactor 11 is sent to a known incinerator 13 such as a fluidized bed boiler or a stocker boiler, where it is incinerated under necessary conditions. The necessary high-efficiency and clean energy can be obtained. Furthermore, corrosion due to chlorine can be prevented and NOX and CaCO3 can be excluded.
【００２２】上述した廃棄物Ｇを廃棄物受入貯蔵槽１へ
投入してから混合加熱反応器１１までの処理工程を経て
焼却炉１３に投入して焼却するに際して、廃棄物受入れ
貯蔵槽１および解砕機３に、アルカリ土類金属酸化物と
しての例えばＣａＯを、脱臭および腐敗醗酵の抑制等を
目的として都市ごみなどの廃棄物Ｇに対して添加して物
理化学的反応処理が行われる。この場合、ＣａＯの添加
量は全添加量の０〜３０％程度が好ましい。３０％を越
えても余り効果を発揮するものではない。[0022] When the waste G mentioned above is put into the waste receiving storage tank 1, passed through the processing steps up to the mixing heating reactor 11, and then put into the incinerator 13 for incineration, the waste receiving storage tank 1 and the waste A physicochemical reaction treatment is performed by adding an alkaline earth metal oxide such as CaO to the crusher 3 to the waste G such as municipal waste for the purpose of deodorizing and inhibiting putrefaction and fermentation. In this case, the amount of CaO added is preferably about 0 to 30% of the total amount added. Even if it exceeds 30%, it will not be very effective.
【００２３】すなわち、実際に、廃棄物受入れ貯蔵槽１
および解砕機３にＣａＯを投入することによって、これ
までのこの種の施設が共通して克服しなければならなか
った都市ごみの受入貯留施設からの悪臭の発生等を防ぐ
ことができる。そしてカルシウムＣａＯの作用によって
腐敗・醗酵、昆虫の発生などを抑制する効果がある。That is, actually, the waste receiving storage tank 1
By introducing CaO into the crusher 3, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of bad odors from municipal waste receiving and storage facilities, which conventional facilities of this type have commonly had to overcome. The action of calcium CaO has the effect of inhibiting rotting, fermentation, and the occurrence of insects.
【００２４】また、都市ごみの解砕を行なう解砕機３に
おいても事前にカルシウムＣａＯが投入されることによ
って、悪臭の防止、更には嫌気性醗酵物の付着によるプ
ラントの腐食などを防止することができる。廃棄物受入
貯蔵槽１への投入量は全投入量の１０％〜２０％の範囲
で行なうことが望ましい。[0024] Also, by adding calcium CaO in advance to the crusher 3 that crushes municipal waste, it is possible to prevent bad odors and furthermore prevent corrosion of the plant due to adhesion of anaerobic fermentation products. can. It is desirable that the amount charged into the waste receiving storage tank 1 is in the range of 10% to 20% of the total amount input.
【００２５】また、前記第１選別機５で選別された第２
廃棄物Ｇ２を破砕機７に投入する際に、ＣａＯも一緒に
投入して、混合および第１次のＣａＯによる化学反応を
行なわしめる。この場合におけるＣａＯの添加量は、全
添加量の０〜５０％を添加して物理化学的反応処理する
のが望ましい。[0025] Also, the second sorter sorted by the first sorter 5
When the waste G2 is fed into the crusher 7, CaO is also fed together to cause mixing and a first chemical reaction due to CaO. In this case, the amount of CaO added is preferably 0 to 50% of the total amount added and the physicochemical reaction treatment is performed.
【００２６】破砕機７に投入する目的は、破砕機７内に
おいてＣａＯとごみが均一に混合すると同時に固体と固
体の接触を機械的に行ない、ＣａＯによる反応は促進す
ることができる。従来のこの種の破砕工程から発生する
都市ごみの粉じんは、生物的に活性なものであり、かつ
病原菌による環境への影響が少なからず認められている
。この点で、破砕機７内のＣａＯを投入することによっ
て反応を促すばかりではなく、工場内における労働環境
の改善に著しい効果をあげることができる。The purpose of charging the waste into the crusher 7 is to uniformly mix CaO and waste in the crusher 7, and at the same time mechanically bring the solids into contact with each other, thereby promoting the reaction caused by CaO. The municipal waste dust generated from this type of conventional crushing process is biologically active and has been recognized to have a considerable impact on the environment due to pathogenic bacteria. In this respect, introducing CaO into the crusher 7 not only promotes the reaction, but also has a significant effect on improving the working environment within the factory.
【００２７】ＣａＯの添加率は全投入量の１０％〜２０
％多く、場合によっては５０％までを投入することが妥
当である。[0027] The addition rate of CaO is 10% to 20% of the total input amount.
It is appropriate to invest more than 50%, in some cases up to 50%.
【００２８】さらに、前記混合加熱反応器１１に第２選
別機９で選別された第４廃棄物Ｇ４を投入すると同時に
ＣａＯを投入してもよい。この場合におけるＣａＯの添
加量は全添加量の２０％〜１００％が望ましい。この工
程でＣａＯを投入する目的はＣａＯによる反応を完結に
するためのものである。Furthermore, CaO may be introduced into the mixing/heating reactor 11 at the same time as the fourth waste G4 sorted by the second sorter 9 is introduced. In this case, the amount of CaO added is preferably 20% to 100% of the total amount added. The purpose of introducing CaO in this step is to complete the reaction caused by CaO.
【００２９】場合によっては、廃棄物受入れ貯蔵槽１，
解砕機３，破砕機７および混合加熱反応器１１のすべて
にＣａＯを適宜な添加量でもって添加することも可能で
ある。Depending on the case, the waste receiving storage tank 1,
It is also possible to add CaO to all of the crusher 3, crusher 7, and mixing/heating reactor 11 in an appropriate amount.
【００３０】したがって、ＣａＯを添加し、都市ごみと
反応させ、物理化学的に安定な物質に転換し、かつアン
モニアなどＮｏｘ成分をごみの中から除外するための工
程である。[0030] Therefore, this is a process for adding CaO, reacting it with municipal waste, converting it into a physicochemically stable substance, and excluding Nox components such as ammonia from the waste.
【００３１】日本の都市ごみの実施例では、４０００ｋ
ｃａｌ近くになり、ヨーロッパの実施例では３５００ｋ
ｃａｌになり、いずれにしても石炭ボイラーによって混
焼するのに最適な物理化学的性状と生物的に安定した貯
留特性を持つ燃料となる。[0031] In the example of Japanese municipal waste, 4000k
cal, and in European examples 3500k
cal, resulting in a fuel with optimal physicochemical properties and biologically stable storage properties for co-firing in coal boilers.
【００３２】次に、上述した廃棄物Ｇを廃棄物受入貯蔵
槽１に投入してから混合加熱反応器１１までの処理工程
を経て第５廃棄物Ｇ５としての燃料が得られるが、前記
廃棄物受入貯蔵槽１，解砕機３，破砕機７および混合加
熱反応器１１に添加するＣａＯの全添加量は、次の手段
で決定するのが好ましいものである。[0032] Next, the above-mentioned waste G is put into the waste receiving storage tank 1 and goes through the processing steps up to the mixing and heating reactor 11 to obtain fuel as the fifth waste G5. The total amount of CaO added to the receiving storage tank 1, crusher 3, crusher 7, and mixing/heating reactor 11 is preferably determined by the following means.
【００３３】すなわち、都市ごみなどの廃棄物Ｇを１０
０％とし、この廃棄物Ｇ中には、分析すると、水分，プ
ラスチック，無機物，有機物および資源化学が含有され
ている。そして、水分を乾燥機などを使用してＷ％，プ
ラスチック，無機物および資源化物をそれぞれ通常の分
析法である目視手選分析でＰ，Ｍ，Ｒ％を測定すること
によって、有機物Ｕ％は、Ｕ＝１００−（Ｗ＋Ｐ＋Ｍ＋
Ｒ）に基づいて算出される。[0033] That is, waste G such as municipal waste is
When analyzed, this waste G contains water, plastics, inorganic substances, organic substances, and resource chemicals. Then, by measuring the water content using a dryer etc. as W%, and the P, M, and R% of plastics, inorganic materials, and recyclable materials using visual manual analysis, which is a normal analysis method, the organic matter U% is determined. U=100-(W+P+M+
R).
【００３４】ＣａＯの添加量Ａは、Ａ＝Ｋ×Ｕ（但し、
Ｋ：定数）となり、しかも、ＫはＰ，Ｗの関数であるＫ
＝ｆ（Ｐ，Ｗ）で表されると共に、ＣａＯを添加率を決
定する補正項であって、プラスチックの混入率（Ｐ）と
水分率（Ｗ）の比率によって決定されるものである。原
理的にはプラスチック中の塩素に対して燃焼時点で中和
するに必要なＣａＯの添加量を算定することによって補
正する項である。[0034] The amount A of CaO added is A=K×U (however,
K: constant), and K is a function of P and W.
= f (P, W), and is a correction term that determines the CaO addition rate, and is determined by the ratio of the plastic mixing rate (P) and the moisture rate (W). In principle, this is a term that is corrected by calculating the amount of CaO required to neutralize chlorine in plastics at the time of combustion.
【００３５】本実施例においては世界各国のごみ質に対
して適応性を調査した結果、Ｋ＝０．２〜１．２の範囲
で最適な添加率を決定する方法を規定するものである。[0035] In this embodiment, as a result of investigating the applicability to waste types in various countries around the world, a method for determining the optimum addition rate in the range of K=0.2 to 1.2 is prescribed.
【００３６】Ｗの項は水分が過剰である場合に、有機質
に対するＣａＯの有効添加率を補正するものである。The W term is used to correct the effective addition rate of CaO to organic matter when water is excessive.
【００３７】このＣａＯの添加率Ａ％を基にすると、廃
棄物受入貯蔵槽１または解砕機３では１〜２％を、破砕
機７では２％程度、混合加熱反応器１１では１〜５％の
ＣａＯを添加して物理化学的反応処理するのが望ましい
ものである。したがって、廃棄物Ｇを処理する各処理工
程でＣａＯを物理的および化学的に安定した第５廃棄物
Ｇ５としての燃料を得ることができる。Based on this CaO addition rate A%, it is 1 to 2% in the waste receiving storage tank 1 or the crusher 3, about 2% in the crusher 7, and 1 to 5% in the mixing heating reactor 11. It is desirable to add CaO and perform a physicochemical reaction treatment. Therefore, in each process of treating the waste G, it is possible to obtain fuel as the fifth waste G5 in which CaO is physically and chemically stabilized.
【００３８】また、廃棄物Ｇを廃棄物受入貯蔵槽１に必
要な量だけ投入すると共に、その必要な量に応じ、かつ
廃棄物Ｇの特性に応じてＣａＯを適宜な添加量だけ添加
して物理化学的反応処理を行った後に、解砕機３に投入
することなく、点線で示したごとく、直接焼却炉１３に
投入して焼却処理しても高効率なクリーンなエネルギー
を得ることも可能である。[0038] Moreover, the waste G is put into the waste receiving storage tank 1 in the required amount, and an appropriate amount of CaO is added in accordance with the required amount and the characteristics of the waste G. After the physicochemical reaction treatment, it is also possible to obtain highly efficient clean energy even if the waste is incinerated by being directly put into the incinerator 13 as shown by the dotted line, without being put into the crusher 3. be.
【００３９】さらに、前記解砕機３にてＣａＯを適宜な
量だけ投入して物理化学的反応処理を行い、第１廃棄物
Ｇ１を、第１選別機５へ流すことなく、点線で示したご
とく、直接焼却炉１３に投入して焼却処理しても高効率
なクリーンなエネルギーを得ることができる。Furthermore, an appropriate amount of CaO is introduced into the crusher 3 to perform a physicochemical reaction treatment, and the first waste G1 is processed as shown by the dotted line without being sent to the first sorter 5. Even if it is directly put into the incinerator 13 and incinerated, highly efficient clean energy can be obtained.
【００４０】また、前記破砕機７にてＣａＯを適宜な量
だけ投入して、物理化学的反応処理を行ない、第３廃棄
物Ｇ３を第２選別機９へ流すことなく、点線で示したご
とく、直接焼却炉１３に投入して焼却処理しても高効率
なクリーンなエネルギーを得ることができる。In addition, an appropriate amount of CaO is added to the crusher 7 to perform a physicochemical reaction treatment, and the third waste G3 is not sent to the second sorter 9 as shown by the dotted line. Even if it is directly put into the incinerator 13 and incinerated, highly efficient clean energy can be obtained.
【００４１】なお、この発明は、前述した実施例に限定
されることなく、適宜の変更を行なうことにより、その
他の態様で実施し得るものである。例えば、本実施例で
は、アルカリ土類金属酸化物としてＣａＯを例にとって
説明したが、このＣａＯにＭｇＯを混入したものでもよ
く、またＭｇＯだけであっても対応可能である。It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but can be implemented in other embodiments by making appropriate changes. For example, in this embodiment, CaO is used as an example of the alkaline earth metal oxide, but it is also possible to use CaO mixed with MgO or only MgO.
【００４２】[0042]
【発明の効果】以上のごとき実施例の説明から理解され
るように、この発明によれば、特許請求の範囲に記載さ
れたとおりの構成であるから、廃棄物受入貯蔵槽，解砕
機，破砕機または混合加熱反応器までの処理工程でアル
カリ土類金属酸化物を適宜な量だけ添加して物理化学的
反応処理を行なって焼却炉に投入して焼却処理を行なう
ことにより、高効率でクリーンなエネルギーを得ること
ができると共に、塩素による腐食を防止でき、かつＮＯ
ＸやＣａＣＯ３ を除外することができる。また石炭火
力プラントにおいてごみとの混焼を行なう方法で効率的
に適用可能である。Effects of the Invention As understood from the description of the embodiments above, according to the present invention, since the structure is as described in the claims, a waste receiving storage tank, a crusher, a crusher, a crusher, a By adding an appropriate amount of alkaline earth metal oxide in the treatment process up to the machine or mixing heating reactor, performing a physicochemical reaction treatment, and then putting it into an incinerator for incineration treatment, it is highly efficient and clean. It is possible to obtain energy, prevent corrosion caused by chlorine, and eliminate NO
X and CaCO3 can be excluded. It can also be efficiently applied in coal-fired power plants by co-firing with waste.
【図１】この発明を実施する一実施例であり、収集され
た廃棄物を各処理工程を経て焼却炉で焼却する概念的な
工程を示す図である。FIG. 1 is an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a conceptual process of incinerating collected waste in an incinerator after passing through each treatment process.
１ 廃棄物受入貯蔵槽 ３ 解砕機 ５ 第１選別機 ７ 破砕機 ９ 第２選別機 １１ 混合加熱反応器 １３ 焼却器 Ｇ 廃棄物 Ｇ１〜５ 廃棄物 1 Waste reception storage tank 3. Crushing machine 5 First sorting machine 7. Shredder 9 Second sorting machine 11 Mixing heating reactor 13 Incinerator G Waste G1-5 Waste
Claims (4)
蔵槽に投入した後に焼却炉に投入して廃棄物を焼却する
際、前記廃棄物の特性に応じて、前記廃棄物受入貯蔵槽
にアルカリ土類金属酸化物の添加量を添加して合理的に
物理化学的反応処理を行なうことを特徴とする廃棄物の
焼却方法。Claim 1: When putting waste such as municipal waste into a waste receiving storage tank and then putting it into an incinerator to incinerate the waste, the waste is placed in the waste receiving storage tank according to the characteristics of the waste. A method for incinerating waste characterized by adding an additional amount of an alkaline earth metal oxide and performing a rational physicochemical reaction treatment.
蔵槽に投入した後、解砕機を経て焼却炉に投入して廃棄
物を焼却する際、前記廃棄物の特性に応じて、前記廃棄
物受入貯蔵槽および解砕機の両方又はいずれか一方にア
ルカリ土類金属酸化物の添加量を添加して合理的に物理
化学的反応処理を行なうことを特徴とする廃棄物の焼却
方法。[Claim 2] When waste such as municipal waste is put into a waste receiving storage tank and then passed through a crusher and put into an incinerator to incinerate the waste, the waste is 1. A method for incinerating waste, which comprises adding an additional amount of an alkaline earth metal oxide to a material receiving storage tank and/or a crusher to perform a rational physicochemical reaction treatment.
蔵槽に投入した後、解砕機，第１選別機および破砕機を
経て焼却炉に投入して廃棄物を焼却する際、前記廃棄物
の特性に応じて前記廃棄物受入貯蔵槽，解砕機および破
砕機の全部又はいずれかにアルカリ土類金属酸化物の添
加量を添加して合理的に物理化学的反応処理を行うこと
を特徴とする廃棄物の焼却方法。[Claim 3] After putting waste such as municipal waste into a waste receiving storage tank, the waste is incinerated by passing through a crusher, a first sorter, and a crusher and then being thrown into an incinerator. The method is characterized in that an additional amount of alkaline earth metal oxide is added to all or any of the waste receiving storage tank, crusher, and crusher according to the characteristics of the waste to perform a rational physicochemical reaction treatment. waste incineration method.
蔵槽に投入した後、解砕機，第１選別機，破砕機，第２
選別機および混合加熱反応器を経て焼却炉に投入して廃
棄物を焼却する際、前記廃棄物の特性に応じて、前記廃
棄物受入貯蔵槽，解砕機，破砕機および混合加熱反応器
の全部またはいずれかにアルカリ土類金属酸化物の添加
量を添加して合理的に物理化学的反応処理を行なうこと
を特徴とする廃棄物の焼却方法。[Claim 4] After putting waste such as municipal waste into the waste receiving storage tank, a crusher, a first sorter, a crusher, a second
When waste is incinerated by passing through a sorter and mixing/heating reactor into an incinerator, depending on the characteristics of the waste, all of the waste receiving storage tank, crusher, crusher, and mixing/heating reactor are or a waste incineration method characterized by adding an additional amount of alkaline earth metal oxide to either of them and performing a rational physicochemical reaction treatment.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3032760A JP2798189B2 (en) | 1991-02-27 | 1991-02-27 | How to incinerate waste |
| PCT/JP1991/000961 WO1992001771A1 (en) | 1990-07-20 | 1991-07-19 | Method of turning wastes into solid body and method of burning such solid body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3032760A JP2798189B2 (en) | 1991-02-27 | 1991-02-27 | How to incinerate waste |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04273909A true JPH04273909A (en) | 1992-09-30 |
| JP2798189B2 JP2798189B2 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
Family
ID=12367802
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3032760A Expired - Fee Related JP2798189B2 (en) | 1990-07-20 | 1991-02-27 | How to incinerate waste |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2798189B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5517930A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1996-05-21 | Steag Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a coal-fired power plant |
| US5826330A (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 1998-10-27 | Hitachi Aic Inc. | Method of manufacturing multilayer printed wiring board |
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| JPS59501718A (en) * | 1982-08-27 | 1984-10-11 | イ−シ−ティ− エナ−ジ コンサベ−ション テクノロジ アイ・エス | Method for producing highly stable fuel |
| JPS60147496A (en) * | 1984-01-11 | 1985-08-03 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Processing of plastic-containing waste into solid fuel and device therefor |
| JPS61262513A (en) * | 1985-05-14 | 1986-11-20 | Takashi Hamada | Preheating of waste for combustion |
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1991
- 1991-02-27 JP JP3032760A patent/JP2798189B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57174200A (en) * | 1981-04-21 | 1982-10-26 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Dry treatment for high moisture content waste |
| JPS59501718A (en) * | 1982-08-27 | 1984-10-11 | イ−シ−ティ− エナ−ジ コンサベ−ション テクノロジ アイ・エス | Method for producing highly stable fuel |
| JPS60147496A (en) * | 1984-01-11 | 1985-08-03 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Processing of plastic-containing waste into solid fuel and device therefor |
| JPS61262513A (en) * | 1985-05-14 | 1986-11-20 | Takashi Hamada | Preheating of waste for combustion |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5517930A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1996-05-21 | Steag Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a coal-fired power plant |
| US5826330A (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 1998-10-27 | Hitachi Aic Inc. | Method of manufacturing multilayer printed wiring board |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2798189B2 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
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