JPH04264001A - Production of carbide of plant - Google Patents
Production of carbide of plantInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04264001A JPH04264001A JP3077365A JP7736591A JPH04264001A JP H04264001 A JPH04264001 A JP H04264001A JP 3077365 A JP3077365 A JP 3077365A JP 7736591 A JP7736591 A JP 7736591A JP H04264001 A JPH04264001 A JP H04264001A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- plant
- carbide
- gas
- dried
- carbonization
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 244000130592 Hibiscus syriacus Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000018081 Hibiscus syriacus Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000006833 Camellia sasanqua Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000002537 Camellia sasanqua Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000209117 Castanea crenata Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000003801 Castanea crenata Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000003332 Ilex aquifolium Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002296 Ilex sandwicensis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002294 Ilex volkensiana Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000115658 Dahlia pinnata Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012040 Dahlia pinnata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014036 Castanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001070941 Castanea Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000301850 Cupressus sempervirens Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000194101 Ginkgo biloba Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008100 Ginkgo biloba Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001316290 Gypsophila Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000599 Lentinula edodes Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005418 vegetable material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、植物の炭化物の製法に
関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing carbonized plants.
【０００２】0002
【従来技術とその問題点】従来技術として、樹木などを
半乾燥後、これを空気中で２４時間以上加熱することに
より得られる枝炭、木炭等が植物の炭化物として古くか
ら知られていた。[Prior Art and its Problems] As a prior art, branch charcoal, charcoal, etc., obtained by semi-drying a tree or the like and then heating it in the air for 24 hours or more, have long been known as charcoal of plants.
【０００３】一方、最近の植物の炭化物の製造方法に係
る技術としては、特開昭６３−１７６１９９号に開示さ
れた方法、即ちドライフラワーを非酸化性雰囲気で加熱
・炭化させるという方法が知られている。しかしながら
、この方法で急速に温度を上げると有機物である植物（
ドライフラワー）が、急激且つ大幅な分解によって低分
子化を起こし、炭化物の強度が低下するという問題が生
じる。また、これを防ぐために上記方法では、炭化時間
に長時間（１０時間）を要しており、しかもその炭化収
率も高いものではない。[0003] On the other hand, as a recent technique for producing carbonized plant materials, there is a method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 176199/1983, that is, a method in which dried flowers are heated and carbonized in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. ing. However, if the temperature is raised rapidly using this method, organic plants (
A problem arises in that dry flowers (dried flowers) undergo rapid and significant decomposition, resulting in lower molecular weight, and the strength of the carbide decreases. Further, in order to prevent this, the above method requires a long time (10 hours) for carbonization, and the carbonization yield is not high.
【０００４】0004
【問題点を解決するための手段】本発明者は、上記の問
題点に鑑み、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、乾燥した植物を炭
化処理に先立って酸化処理（予備酸化）することにより
上記の低分子化を防ぎ、得られる炭化物の強度を増大さ
せ、且つ炭化時間が短縮できることを見出した。[Means for Solving the Problems] In view of the above problems, the present inventor has conducted intensive research and has devised a method to reduce the above-mentioned effects by oxidizing (pre-oxidizing) dried plants prior to carbonization. It has been found that molecularization can be prevented, the strength of the resulting carbide can be increased, and the carbonization time can be shortened.
【０００５】即ち、本発明は下記の植物の炭化物の製法
を提供するものである。１．乾燥した植物を、２００〜
３００℃で予備酸化処理し、次いで非酸化雰囲気の気流
下で加熱・炭化することを特徴とする植物の炭化物の製
法。２．非酸化雰囲気の気流として窒素ガス、アルゴン
ガス又は水素ガスのいずれかを用いる上記第１項記載の
植物の炭化物の製法。[0005] That is, the present invention provides the following method for producing a carbonized plant. 1. 200 ~ dried plants
A method for producing a carbonized vegetable material, which comprises preliminary oxidation treatment at 300°C, followed by heating and carbonization in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. 2. 2. The method for producing a carbide of a plant according to item 1 above, which uses any one of nitrogen gas, argon gas, or hydrogen gas as the non-oxidizing atmosphere airflow.
【０００６】以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。The present invention will be explained in detail below.
【０００７】本発明で対象とする植物は、乾燥したもの
であれば花、枝、葉、実又はこれらが一体となったもの
等、特に限定されるものではない。[0007] The plants targeted by the present invention are not particularly limited, and may include flowers, branches, leaves, fruits, or a combination of these as long as they are dried.
【０００８】まず、上記乾燥植物を炭化に先立って予備
酸化する。予備酸化は上記乾燥植物を透明石英容器等に
入れ、空気中で２００〜３００℃で加熱すればよい。加
熱温度が２００℃を下回る場合には酸化に時間がかかり
、しかも充分な酸化が行えない。また、加熱温度が３０
０℃を上回る場合には、酸化が過度に進行し重量が大幅
に減少し、しかも変形するので好ましくない。また、加
熱時間及び昇温速度は、その植物の大きさ、種類等によ
って一定ではないが、加熱時間は通常０．５〜２時間程
度である。First, the dried plant is preoxidized prior to carbonization. Pre-oxidation can be carried out by placing the dried plant in a transparent quartz container or the like and heating it in the air at 200 to 300°C. If the heating temperature is lower than 200° C., oxidation takes time and sufficient oxidation cannot be achieved. Also, the heating temperature is 30
If the temperature exceeds 0°C, oxidation will proceed excessively, resulting in a significant decrease in weight and deformation, which is not preferable. Further, although the heating time and temperature increase rate are not constant depending on the size, type, etc. of the plant, the heating time is usually about 0.5 to 2 hours.
【０００９】次いで、上記予備酸化での加熱温度を保持
したままで空気を窒素ガス、アルゴンガス、水素ガス等
で置換して非酸化雰囲気とする。置換したガスは、気流
として流入し続ける。Next, the air is replaced with nitrogen gas, argon gas, hydrogen gas, etc. to create a non-oxidizing atmosphere while maintaining the heating temperature in the preliminary oxidation. The replaced gas continues to flow in as an airflow.
【００１０】上記気流ガス中の乾燥植物を引き続き昇温
し炭化を行なう。この場合の炭化温度も上記酸化時の加
熱温度と同様に植物の大きさ、種類等により一定ではな
いが、通常６００℃程度であり、必要に応じて１０００
℃程度にまで加熱する場合もある。[0010] The temperature of the dried plant in the airflow gas is then raised to carbonize it. Like the heating temperature during oxidation, the carbonization temperature in this case is not constant depending on the size and type of the plant, but it is usually about 600℃, and if necessary
In some cases, it may be heated to about ℃.
【００１１】昇温後、加熱を停止し、冷却されるまで気
流ガスを流入し続けることによって本発明の植物の炭化
物が御花炭等として得られる。[0011] After the temperature has been raised, heating is stopped and airflow gas is continued to flow until the temperature is cooled, thereby obtaining the charcoal of the plant of the present invention as Ohana charcoal or the like.
【００１２】0012
【発明の効果】本発明によると、炭化に先立つ予備酸化
により有機物である植物の急激且つ大幅な分解による低
分子化を防ぐことにより、優れた強度の炭化物を比較的
高い炭化収率で得られ、且つ炭化時間も大幅に短縮され
、優れた生産性を発揮することができる。また気流下で
炭化するので、空気が容器内に入って酸化されるような
ことはなく、しかも分解生成物は容器外へ排出され、き
れいな炭化物表面を維持することができる。[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, by pre-oxidizing prior to carbonization, it is possible to obtain a carbonized product with excellent strength at a relatively high carbonization yield by preventing the rapid and drastic decomposition of organic matter from plants. In addition, the carbonization time is significantly shortened, and excellent productivity can be achieved. Furthermore, since carbonization occurs under an air flow, air will not enter the container and cause oxidation, and decomposition products will be discharged outside the container, allowing a clean charred surface to be maintained.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】以下、実施例を示し、本発明の特徴とすると
ころをより一層明瞭にする。EXAMPLES Examples will be shown below to further clarify the features of the present invention.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例１】乾燥したバラ、サザンカ、ムクゲの花（以
上小枝、葉付き）、クリの実（いが付き）を透明石英の
容器に入れ、昇温速度１２０℃／ｈｒで２００℃から３
００℃まで加熱する。この間空気を通して酸化する。[Example 1] Dried rose, sasanquat, and rose of Sharon flowers (with twigs and leaves) and chestnuts (with burs) were placed in a transparent quartz container, and the temperature was raised from 200°C to 30°C at a heating rate of 120°C/hr.
Heat to 00°C. During this time, it is oxidized through air.
【００１５】次いで、３００℃になってからその温度を
保持したまま３０分間窒素ガスを２００ｍｌ／ｍｉｎの
流量で流し空気を置換した。容器内の雰囲気を窒素ガス
で置換した後、引き続き窒素ガスを同量流しながら６０
０℃まで１２０℃／ｈｒの昇温速度で加熱して炭化させ
た。Next, after the temperature reached 300° C., nitrogen gas was flowed at a flow rate of 200 ml/min for 30 minutes to replace the air while maintaining the temperature. After replacing the atmosphere inside the container with nitrogen gas, continue to flow the same amount of nitrogen gas for 60 minutes.
Carbonization was carried out by heating to 0°C at a temperature increase rate of 120°C/hr.
【００１６】次に、温度が６００℃に到達すると同時に
加熱を停止し、窒素ガスを流しながら２００℃まで冷却
して窒素ガスの流入を止め、各炭化物を取り出した。Next, as soon as the temperature reached 600°C, heating was stopped, and while nitrogen gas was flowing, the mixture was cooled to 200°C, the flow of nitrogen gas was stopped, and each carbide was taken out.
【００１７】御花炭としてムクゲの花はその形が大きく
変化していたが、バラとサザンカは花弁も原形を留めて
いた。この全処理工程の所要時間は、約３．９時間であ
った。また、各炭化物の炭化収率と寸法収率を調べた結
果を表１に示す。[0017] The shape of the Rose of Sharon flower has changed greatly, but the petals of the Rose and Sasanqua flower have also kept their original shape. The time required for this entire processing step was approximately 3.9 hours. Further, Table 1 shows the results of examining the carbonization yield and dimensional yield of each carbide.
【００１８】[0018]
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例２】カスミ草及びカイザイクのドライフラワー
、乾燥シイタケ、乾燥ヒイラギの枝、イチョウの葉、竹
の枝と葉をそれぞれ熱風循環式の乾燥機中で２５０℃で
１時間、３００℃で１０分間酸化した。次いで、酸化し
た各植物を石英製の容器に入れ、窒素ガスを流しながら
３００℃から６００℃まで１２０℃／ｈｒの昇温速度で
加熱・炭化した。[Example 2] Dried flowers of gypsophila and cypress, dried shiitake mushrooms, dried holly branches, ginkgo biloba leaves, and bamboo branches and leaves were each dried in a hot air circulation dryer at 250°C for 1 hour and at 300°C for 1 hour. Oxidized for minutes. Next, each oxidized plant was placed in a quartz container, and heated and carbonized from 300° C. to 600° C. at a heating rate of 120° C./hr while flowing nitrogen gas.
【００２０】次に、温度が６００℃に到達すると同時に
加熱を停止し、窒素ガスを流しながら２００℃まで冷却
して窒素ガスの流入を止め、各炭化物を取り出したとこ
ろ、きれいな御花炭が得られた。この全処理工程の所要
時間は、約４．１時間であった。また、各炭化物の炭化
収率と寸法収率を調べた結果を表２に示す。[0020] Next, as soon as the temperature reached 600°C, the heating was stopped, and while nitrogen gas was flowing, it was cooled to 200°C, the flow of nitrogen gas was stopped, and each carbide was taken out, and clean Ohana charcoal was obtained. It was done. The time required for this entire processing step was approximately 4.1 hours. Further, Table 2 shows the results of examining the carbonization yield and dimensional yield of each carbide.
【００２１】[0021]
【００２２】[0022]
【実施例３】乾燥した枝付きのミニダリアと葉の付いた
ヒイラギの小枝を熱風循環式乾燥機中で、室温から２５
０℃まで３０分かけて昇温し、２５０℃で６０分間保持
した後、２５０℃から２８０℃まで５分で昇温し、２８
０℃で１０分間保持して酸化を行なった。[Example 3] Dried mini dahlias with branches and holly twigs with leaves were dried in a hot air circulation dryer at 25°C from room temperature.
The temperature was raised to 0°C over 30 minutes, held at 250°C for 60 minutes, then raised from 250°C to 280°C in 5 minutes, and then heated to 280°C.
Oxidation was carried out by holding at 0°C for 10 minutes.
【００２３】次いで、酸化したミニダリアとヒイラギを
石英管の中に入れて水素ガスを流入しながら１２０℃／
ｈｒの昇温速度で２８０℃から１０００℃まで加熱する
ことにより炭化した。Next, the oxidized mini dahlias and holly were placed in a quartz tube and heated at 120°C while hydrogen gas was introduced.
Carbonization was carried out by heating from 280°C to 1000°C at a temperature increase rate of hr.
【００２４】その後、１０００℃に到達したと同時に加
熱を停止し、２００℃まで冷却して炭化物を取り出した
ところ、光沢ある御花炭が得られた。この全処理工程の
所要時間は、約７．８時間であった。また、各炭化物の
炭化収率と寸法収率を調べた結果を表３に示す。[0024] Thereafter, heating was stopped as soon as the temperature reached 1000°C, and when the charcoal was cooled to 200°C and the carbide was taken out, shiny Ohana charcoal was obtained. The time required for this entire process was approximately 7.8 hours. Further, Table 3 shows the results of examining the carbonization yield and dimensional yield of each carbide.
【００２５】[0025]
Claims (2)
酸化処理し、次いで非酸化雰囲気の気流下で加熱・炭化
することを特徴とする植物の炭化物の製法。1. A method for producing charred plant materials, which comprises pre-oxidizing dried plants at 200 to 300° C., and then heating and carbonizing them in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
ゴンガス又は水素ガスのいずれかを用いる請求項１記載
の植物の炭化物の製法。2. The method for producing carbide of plants according to claim 1, wherein one of nitrogen gas, argon gas, or hydrogen gas is used as the non-oxidizing atmosphere air stream.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3077365A JPH0772083B2 (en) | 1991-02-18 | 1991-02-18 | How to make plant charcoal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3077365A JPH0772083B2 (en) | 1991-02-18 | 1991-02-18 | How to make plant charcoal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04264001A true JPH04264001A (en) | 1992-09-18 |
| JPH0772083B2 JPH0772083B2 (en) | 1995-08-02 |
Family
ID=13631883
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3077365A Expired - Lifetime JPH0772083B2 (en) | 1991-02-18 | 1991-02-18 | How to make plant charcoal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0772083B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101892106A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2010-11-24 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing chestnut shell-based biomass charcoal with loose and porous structure |
| CN113247882A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-13 | 赣南医学院 | Preparation and application of oil-tea meal-based carbon dots |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0346244A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1991-02-27 | Toshiba Corp | Instruction in mounting device for tab component |
-
1991
- 1991-02-18 JP JP3077365A patent/JPH0772083B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0346244A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1991-02-27 | Toshiba Corp | Instruction in mounting device for tab component |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101892106A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2010-11-24 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing chestnut shell-based biomass charcoal with loose and porous structure |
| CN113247882A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-13 | 赣南医学院 | Preparation and application of oil-tea meal-based carbon dots |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0772083B2 (en) | 1995-08-02 |
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