JPH04237468A - Use of polymerized selenium-containing microbial cell - Google Patents
Use of polymerized selenium-containing microbial cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04237468A JPH04237468A JP3019381A JP1938191A JPH04237468A JP H04237468 A JPH04237468 A JP H04237468A JP 3019381 A JP3019381 A JP 3019381A JP 1938191 A JP1938191 A JP 1938191A JP H04237468 A JPH04237468 A JP H04237468A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- selenium
- polymerized
- cells
- bacterial cells
- concentration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000003087 glucogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002414 glycolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009036 growth inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000309465 heifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008588 hemolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940017800 lactobacillus casei Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037353 metabolic pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methionine Chemical compound CSCCC(N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000006109 methionine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001589 microsome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013536 miso Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003470 mitochondria Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTNWKDHZTDQSST-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(N)C(N)=CC=C21 NTNWKDHZTDQSST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013557 nattō Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930027945 nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005502 peroxidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002062 proliferating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019992 sake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QYHFIVBSNOWOCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenic acid Chemical compound O[Se](O)(=O)=O QYHFIVBSNOWOCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003748 selenium group Chemical group *[Se]* 0.000 description 1
- 229960001153 serine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 230000004102 tricarboxylic acid cycle Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000005253 yeast cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007221 ypg medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、高分子化セレン含有菌
体の用途に関する。さらに詳しくは、高分子化セレン含
有菌体を有効成分とするグルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ
活性を増強させる家畜・家禽用組成物に関する。また、
高分子化セレン含有菌体を有効成分とする家畜用高セレ
ン含有乳泌乳剤、家畜・家禽用繁殖率改善剤、家畜・家
禽用肉質改善剤、家畜用乳量・乳質改善剤、家畜・家禽
用突然死予防剤に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the use of polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells. More specifically, the present invention relates to a composition for livestock and poultry that enhances glutathione peroxidase activity, which contains polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells as an active ingredient. Also,
High selenium-containing milk lactation for livestock containing polymerized selenium-containing bacteria as an active ingredient, reproductive rate improving agent for livestock and poultry, meat quality improving agent for livestock and poultry, milk yield and quality improving agent for livestock, livestock and poultry This invention relates to an agent for preventing sudden death.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】セレンは原子番号３４、原子量７９の元
素であり、以前は単に生体に有害なものであるとみられ
ていたが、１９５７年にＳｃｈｗａｒｚらが初めてセレ
ン（以下、セレンとは元素セレンを示す）に生理的な役
割があることを発表し（Ｊ．Ａｍ．Ｃｈｅｍ．Ｓｏｃ．
， ７９：３２９２，１９５７） 、有毒であるととも
に使用法によっては生体内の有効成分になることが判明
した。即ち、Ｐｉｎｓｅｎｔが大腸菌のギ酸デヒドロゲ
ナーゼの生成にモリブデンとセレンの投与が必要である
ことを見出して以来、セレンを必須成分として含有する
酵素が相次いで発見され、現在までにギ酸デヒドロゲナ
ーゼ（Ｊ．Ｂｉｏｌ．Ｃｈｅｍ．，２５０，６６９３（
１９７５） ）、グリシンレダクターゼ（Ａｒｃｈ．Ｂ
ｉｏｃｈｅｍ．Ｂｉｏｐｈｙｓ．，１５４ ，３６６（
１９７３）、 Ａｄｖ．Ｅｎｚｙｍｏｌ．，４８， １
（１９７９））、ニコチン酸デヒドロゲナーゼ（Ａｒｃ
ｈ．Ｂｉｏｃｈｅｍ．Ｂｉｏｐｈｙｓ．，２１９ ，３
０（１９８２） ）、チオラーゼ（Ｔｈｅ Ｅｎｚｙｍ
ｅｓ， ７，３９１（１９７２））、ヒドロゲナーゼ（
Ｊ．Ｂｉｏｌ．Ｃｈｅｍ．，２５７，７９２６（１９８
２） ）、グルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ（酵素ハンド
ブック；朝倉書店１９８２年第１５９頁、ＥＣ１．１１
．１．９）の含セレン酵素が知られ、さらにその他に役
割不明の数種のセレン含有蛋白質があるといわれている
。
これらのうち哺乳動物においては、グルタチオンパーオ
キシダーゼとその他の役割不明の数種のセレン含有蛋白
質（Ｂｉｏｃｈｉｍ．Ｂｉｏｐｈｙｓ．Ａｃｔａ， ７
３９ ，２５５（１９８３））の存在が確認されている
が、グルタチオンパーオキシダーゼがいかなる生成系に
てセレンを取込むのか必ずしも明確ではなく、さらにそ
の他の役割不明の数種のセレン含有蛋白質に至っては、
その生成系、代謝経路および作用が全く明らかにされて
いない。[Prior Art] Selenium is an element with an atomic number of 34 and an atomic weight of 79, and was previously thought to be simply harmful to living organisms, but in 1957, Schwarz et al. announced that there is a physiological role in (J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, 79:3292, 1957), it was found to be toxic and, depending on how it is used, to become an active ingredient in living organisms. That is, since Pinsent discovered that the administration of molybdenum and selenium was necessary for the production of formate dehydrogenase in Escherichia coli, enzymes containing selenium as an essential component have been discovered one after another, and to date, formate dehydrogenase (J. Biol. Chem., 250, 6693 (
1975) ), glycine reductase (Arch.B
iochem. Biophys. ,154,366(
1973), Adv. Enzymol. ,48, 1
(1979)), nicotinic acid dehydrogenase (Arc
h. Biochem. Biophys. ,219 ,3
0 (1982)), Thiolase (The Enzym
es, 7, 391 (1972)), hydrogenase (
J. Biol. Chem. , 257, 7926 (198
2) ), Glutathione peroxidase (Enzyme Handbook; Asakura Shoten 1982, p. 159, EC1.11
．． 1.9) selenium-containing enzymes are known, and it is said that there are several other selenium-containing proteins whose roles are unknown. Among these, in mammals, glutathione peroxidase and several other selenium-containing proteins with unknown roles (Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 7
39, 255 (1983)), however, it is not necessarily clear in what production system glutathione peroxidase takes up selenium, and there are also several other selenium-containing proteins whose roles are unknown. ,
Its production system, metabolic pathway, and action have not been clarified at all.
【０００３】グルタチオンパーオキシダーゼは、牛赤血
球から見出され（Ｊ．Ｂｉｏｌ．Ｃｈｅｍ．，２２９，
１８９（１９５７））、その後肝臓等の組織中にも存在
することが報告されており（Ａｒｃｈ．Ｂｉｏｃｈｅｍ
．Ｂｉｏｐｈｙｓ．，８６，１（１９６０）、マウス、
ラットやヒトなどの多くの臓器にも存在することが報告
されている。グルタチオンパーオキシダーゼは、過酸化
水素、有機ヒドロパーオキシド、脂質過酸化物の２電子
還元を触媒する。即ち、ミトコンドリアやミクロソーム
などの細胞の生体膜系を構成する脂質中の高度不飽和脂
肪酸の過酸化が、生体内で生じた活性酸素によって引き
起こされ、生体膜の酵素の不活化、蛋白質、核酸の変性
を通じて細胞破壊等の酸素障害が発生することから、生
体内のグルタチオンパーオキシダーゼが過酸化物処理を
行い、酸素障害を防ぐ重要な役割を果している。このグ
ルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ活性の欠乏に起因する酸素
障害の具体的な例としては、動脈硬化、発癌、老化、膜
の破壊、タンパク変性、溶血、浸出性素因症、免疫力低
下などが挙げられる。Glutathione peroxidase was discovered in bovine erythrocytes (J. Biol. Chem., 229,
189 (1957)), and it has since been reported that it also exists in tissues such as the liver (Arch.Biochem
．． Biophys. , 86, 1 (1960), Mouse,
It has also been reported to exist in many organs such as rats and humans. Glutathione peroxidase catalyzes the two-electron reduction of hydrogen peroxide, organic hydroperoxides, and lipid peroxides. In other words, the peroxidation of highly unsaturated fatty acids in lipids that make up the biomembrane system of cells such as mitochondria and microsomes is caused by active oxygen generated in the body, resulting in the inactivation of enzymes in biomembranes and the degradation of proteins and nucleic acids. Since oxygen damage such as cell destruction occurs through degeneration, glutathione peroxidase in the body performs peroxide treatment and plays an important role in preventing oxygen damage. Specific examples of oxygen disorders caused by a deficiency in glutathione peroxidase activity include arteriosclerosis, carcinogenesis, aging, membrane destruction, protein denaturation, hemolysis, exudative diathesis, and decreased immunity.
【０００４】従来より、セレンの欠乏を防ぐために、オ
ーストラリアやニュージーランドでは無機セレンを肥料
に加えるか配合飼料の補助剤として用いている。また、
世界中のセレン欠乏地域においては、広範にセレンまた
はセレンとビタミンの混合物が使用されており、１９７
４年には米国ＦＤＡでセレンの飼料添加が認可されてい
る。一方、亜セレン酸ナトリウム等の無機セレンを投与
する代わりに、有機セレンであるセレノメチオニンを投
与する試みもなされているが、無機セレンより優れた効
果を認めたり、逆に無機セレンの方が優れているとした
試験結果もあり、ばらつきが大きく必ずしもどの場合に
おいてもセレノメチオニンが好ましいとも言えないもの
であった。しかしながら、無機セレンは毒性が強く、日
本国内では安全性の面から無機セレンを飼料，食品等へ
添加することは認可されていない。このような状況のも
と、微生物を用いた有機セレンに関する報告がされてい
る。例えば特公昭５５−３６３１４号は、微生物の生育
を著しくは阻害しない量の水溶性無機セレン化合物を予
め添加した培地で、セレンを菌体内に蓄積することので
きる微生物を培養・増殖させることにより有機化された
セレンを含有する微生物菌体を得る製造法であり、さら
に特開昭５７−１７４０９８号はセレン化合物を添加し
た培地で培養して得たセレン含有酵母菌体から生理活性
含セレン蛋白多糖体を得る方法であり、特開昭６０−１
８０５８２号はセレン化合物を含有する培地で培養する
ことによりＬ−セレノシステインを蓄積できる細菌を報
告している。さらに特開昭６０−２２４４５１号は、予
め無機セレンを添加した培地でバチルス・サブチルスを
培養・増殖させることにより得た有機化セレン含有微生
物菌体を飼料中に添加してブロイラーに与えたところ、
体重増加率、飼料要求率において優れていることを示し
ている。In order to prevent selenium deficiency, inorganic selenium has traditionally been added to fertilizers or used as an adjunct to mixed feeds in Australia and New Zealand. Also,
Selenium or mixtures of selenium and vitamins are widely used in selenium-deficient areas around the world, with 197
In 2014, the US FDA approved the addition of selenium to feed. On the other hand, attempts have been made to administer selenomethionine, which is an organic selenium, instead of administering inorganic selenium such as sodium selenite, but some have found that it is more effective than inorganic selenium, or conversely, inorganic selenium is better. Some test results showed that selenomethionine was preferable in all cases due to large variations. However, inorganic selenium is highly toxic, and the addition of inorganic selenium to feed, food, etc. is not approved in Japan for safety reasons. Under these circumstances, reports have been made regarding organic selenium using microorganisms. For example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-36314, microorganisms that can accumulate selenium in their cells are cultured and grown in a medium to which a water-soluble inorganic selenium compound is added in an amount that does not significantly inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Furthermore, JP-A-57-174098 discloses a production method for obtaining bioactive selenium-containing protein polysaccharides from selenium-containing yeast cells cultured in a medium supplemented with selenium compounds. It is a method to obtain the body, and it is published in JP-A-60-1
No. 80582 reports bacteria that can accumulate L-selenocysteine by culturing in a medium containing selenium compounds. Furthermore, JP-A No. 60-224451 discloses that organic selenium-containing microbial cells obtained by culturing and propagating Bacillus subtilis in a medium to which inorganic selenium was added in advance were added to feed and fed to broilers.
It has been shown to be excellent in weight gain rate and feed conversion rate.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】グルタチオンパーオキ
シダーゼ活性の欠如に起因する疾病を予防・治療するた
めには、生体内においてグルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ
を多く産生せしめればよく、前述の如くグルタチオンパ
ーオキシダーゼの活性発現にセレンが必須であることは
知られていることから、何らかの形でセレンを生体内に
投与すればよいと考えられるものの、そもそもグルタチ
オンパーオキシダーゼが、無機セレンやセレノメチオニ
ンからいかなる生成系にてセレンを取り込みグルタチオ
ンパーオキシダーゼを形成するのか必ずしも明確ではな
く、生体内にはグルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ以外にも
役割不明の種々のセレン含有蛋白質があり、生体にセレ
ンを多量に投与したとしても、それがそのままグルタチ
オンパーオキシダーゼ活性の増強に直結する保証は全く
なく、さらに具体的には、無機セレン、セレノメチオニ
ン等または有機化セレン含有微生物菌体のいずれをどの
ように投与すればグルタチオンパーオキシダーゼの活性
が増強されるか全く知られていなかった。そこで真に有
効なグルタチオンパーオキシダーゼの活性を増強せしめ
る組成物が求められていた。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In order to prevent and treat diseases caused by lack of glutathione peroxidase activity, it is sufficient to increase the production of glutathione peroxidase in the body, and as mentioned above, the activity of glutathione peroxidase Since it is known that selenium is essential for expression, it may be possible to administer selenium to the body in some way, but in the first place, glutathione peroxidase cannot be produced from inorganic selenium or selenomethionine in any production system. It is not necessarily clear whether selenium is taken up and formed into glutathione peroxidase, and there are various selenium-containing proteins other than glutathione peroxidase in living organisms whose roles are unknown. There is no guarantee that glutathione peroxidase activity will be directly enhanced, and more specifically, there is no guarantee that glutathione peroxidase activity will be enhanced by administering inorganic selenium, selenomethionine, etc. or organic selenium-containing microbial cells. It was completely unknown what would happen. Therefore, there has been a need for a truly effective composition that can enhance the activity of glutathione peroxidase.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、上記の問
題点を解決すべく鋭意研究を行ったところ、高分子化セ
レン含有菌体を家畜・家禽に用いると、無機セレン、セ
レノメチオニンを用いた場合に比較して、グルタチオン
パーオキシダーゼの活性を有意に増強せしめることがで
きることを知り、本発明を完成するに至った。また、こ
の高分子化セレン含有菌体をさらに研究した結果、該高
分子化セレン含有菌体が、グルタチオンパーオキシダー
ゼの活性の増強作用とは必ずしも関係しているとは言え
ない種々の作用を有することを知り、家畜用高セレン含
有乳泌乳剤、家畜・家禽用繁殖率改善剤、家畜・家禽用
肉質改善剤、家畜用乳量・乳質改善剤、家畜・家禽用突
然死予防剤としての各用途につき発明を完成した。以下
、本発明について詳細する。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors conducted intensive research to solve the above problems, and found that when polymerized selenium-containing bacteria were used for livestock and poultry, inorganic selenium and selenomethionine The present inventors have found that the activity of glutathione peroxidase can be significantly enhanced compared to the case where glutathione peroxidase is used, and have completed the present invention. Furthermore, as a result of further research on this polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cell, it was found that the polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cell has various effects that are not necessarily related to the effect of enhancing the activity of glutathione peroxidase. Knowing this, we have developed various products such as high selenium-containing milk lactation emulsions for livestock, reproductive rate improvers for livestock and poultry, meat quality improvers for livestock and poultry, milk yield and milk quality improvers for livestock, and sudden death preventive agents for livestock and poultry. Completed an invention for its use. The present invention will be explained in detail below.
【０００７】先ず、本発明は、菌体内セレン濃度が５０
０〜３０００ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体である高分子化セレン含
有菌体を有効成分とするグルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ
活性を増強させる家畜・家禽用組成物である。[0007] First, in the present invention, the selenium concentration inside the bacterium is 50
This is a composition for livestock and poultry that enhances glutathione peroxidase activity and contains polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells in the form of 0 to 3000 ppm/dry microbial cells as an active ingredient.
【０００８】本発明において高分子化セレン含有菌体と
は、セレンが蛋白質に結合または取り込まれた高分子化
セレンを菌体内に含有する菌体であって、菌体内セレン
濃度が５００〜３０００ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体である菌体を
意味する。高分子化セレン含有菌体となす微生物菌体と
しては、菌体内にセレンを透過・吸収して高分子化セレ
ンを蓄積し、高分子化セレン含有菌体となりうることが
可能な微生物菌体であれば広く対象とすることができる
が、動物用飼料や餌料に添加して動物に給与することか
ら可食性であることが好ましい。上記の微生物に該当す
るものとしては、酵母，細菌，カビ，単細胞緑藻等が挙
げられる。酵母では各種の食品製造に用いられ安全性が
認められているものとしてパン酵母，ビール酵母，日本
酒用酵母，アルコール酵母，ワイン酵母等で知られてい
る例えばサッカロミセス属に属する酵母が挙げられ、特
に好ましくはサッカロミセス・セレビシェ（Ｓａｃｃｈ
ａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ） に属する
酵母であり、また、みそ・醤油等に用いられるものして
例えばサッカロミセス・ロキシ（Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙ
ｃｅｓ ｒｏｕｘｉｉ） やチゴサッカロミセス・エス
ピー（Ｚｙｇｏｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ ｓｐ．）
に属する酵母等、その他にもハンセヌラ（Ｈａｎｓｅｎ
ｕｌａ）属、キャンディダ（Ｃａｎｄｉｄａ）属、トル
ラスポラ（Ｔｏｒｕｌａｓｕｐｏｒａ ）属、トルロプ
シス（Ｔｏｒｕｌｏｐｓｉｓ）属、ミコトルラ（Ｍｙｃ
ｏｔｏｒｕｌａ）属に属する幅広い範囲の可食性酵母が
本発明に使用できる。細菌としては、乳酸菌として知ら
れるラクトバチルス・カゼイ（Ｌａｃｔｔｏｂａｃｉｌ
ｌｕｓ ｃａｓｅｉ） 、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィ
ラス（Ｌａｃｔｏｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ａｃｉｄｐｈｉｌ
ｕｓ） 等、また納豆菌として知られるバチルス・ナッ
ト（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｎａｔｔｏ） 等広範囲の可食
性の細菌、カビとしてはアスペルギルス・ニガー（Ａｓ
ｐｅｒｕｇｉｌｌｏｓｅ ｎｉｇａｒ）やアスペルギル
ス・アワモリ（Ａｓｐｅｒｕｇｉｌｌｏｓｅ ａｗａｍ
ｏｒｉ） に属するものがごく一部として例示され、他
にも広範囲の可食性のカビが使用できる。また、可食性
の単細胞緑藻であるクロレラとしてクロレラ・ブルガリ
スやスピルリナも本発明に有効に使用できる。高分子化
セレン含有菌体として、サッカロマイセス属に属する微
生物は本発明の各用途において特に優れた効果が認めら
ること、その安全性が充分に確認されていること、その
製造方法が簡単であること、製造費用が安価であること
、セレン濃度がより高濃度の乾燥菌体が簡単に調整でき
ること等において特に好ましい。[0008] In the present invention, a bacterial cell containing polymerized selenium is a bacterial cell that contains polymerized selenium in which selenium is bound to or incorporated into a protein, and has a selenium concentration of 500 to 3000 ppm/ It means dried bacterial cells. A microbial cell that is a microbial cell containing polymerized selenium is a microbial cell that can pass through and absorb selenium into the bacterial cell, accumulate polymerized selenium, and become a bacterial cell that contains polymerized selenium. Although it can be used in a wide range of applications, it is preferable that it is edible since it is added to animal feed or food and fed to animals. Examples of the above-mentioned microorganisms include yeast, bacteria, mold, and unicellular green algae. Yeasts that are used in the production of various foods and are recognized to be safe include yeasts belonging to the genus Saccharomyces, which are known as baker's yeast, beer yeast, sake yeast, alcohol yeast, wine yeast, etc. Preferably Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
It is a yeast belonging to the genus Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and is also used in miso, soy sauce, etc., such as Saccharomyces roxy.
ces rouxii) and Zygosaccharomyces sp.
In addition, yeast belonging to Hansenula (Hansenula)
ula), Candida, Torulasupora, Torulopsis, Myc
A wide range of edible yeasts belonging to the genus A. otorula can be used in the present invention. Bacteria include Lactobacillus casei, known as lactic acid bacteria.
lus casei), Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus)
A wide range of edible bacteria such as Bacillus natto, also known as natto bacterium, and molds include Aspergillus niger.
perugillose nigar) and Aspergillus awamori (Asperugillose awamori)
A wide variety of other edible molds can be used. Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina, which are edible unicellular green algae, can also be effectively used in the present invention. Microorganisms belonging to the genus Saccharomyces have been found to have particularly excellent effects as polymerized selenium-containing microorganisms in each of the uses of the present invention, their safety has been sufficiently confirmed, and their production method is simple. It is particularly preferable in that it is inexpensive to produce, and dried bacterial cells with a higher selenium concentration can be easily prepared.
【０００９】また、高分子化セレン含有菌体を調製する
に当たっては、特開昭６０−２２４４５１号に開示され
た方法、即ち、予め無機セレンを添加した培地でバチル
ス・サブチルス等の微生物を培養・増殖させることによ
り得た有機化セレン含有微生物菌体を用いてもよいが、
本発明らの発明による現在未公開である特願平２−１４
９３１８号明細書の方法に従って調製された高分子化セ
レン含有菌体を用いると、以下に説明する通りに高濃度
の高分子化セレンを含有する菌体が効率的に得られるメ
リットがあるばかりでなく、グルタチオンパーオキシダ
ーゼ活性が顕著に増強せしめられることから、特に好ま
しい。即ち高分子化セレン含有菌体を調製するに当たっ
て特に好ましい方法とは、高分子化セレンを菌体内に蓄
積することのできる微生物の菌体を、セレンの高分子化
基質である有機化合物および水溶性セレン化合物を含有
する水溶液に、該菌体がバイオロジカルスペース以上の
菌体濃度となるように分散せしめ、該菌体に高分子化セ
レンを蓄積せしめる方法である。[0009] Furthermore, in preparing polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells, microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis are cultured in a medium to which inorganic selenium has been added in advance. Organized selenium-containing microbial cells obtained by propagation may be used, but
Patent application No. 2-14, currently unpublished, based on the invention of the present inventors
The use of polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells prepared according to the method of No. 9318 has the advantage that microbial cells containing high concentrations of polymerized selenium can be efficiently obtained, as explained below. It is particularly preferred because it significantly enhances glutathione peroxidase activity. In other words, a particularly preferable method for preparing polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells is to prepare microbial cells capable of accumulating polymerized selenium within the microbial cells using an organic compound and a water-soluble selenium polymerization substrate. This is a method in which the bacterial cells are dispersed in an aqueous solution containing a selenium compound so that the bacterial cell concentration is higher than the biological space, and polymerized selenium is accumulated in the bacterial cells.
【００１０】本製造法によれば、無機セレンを添加した
培地での菌体増殖の必要は無いことから、セレン濃度を
菌体増殖阻害を生ずる濃度以上にすることが可能であり
高濃度の高分子化セレンを含有した菌体を製造すること
ができる。また実質的にセレンを含有しない培地で菌体
を予め培養・増殖させるため、培養時のセレンによる生
育阻害が無く、セレンを添加した培地で培養・増殖させ
る場合に比較し、短時間に大量の高分子セレン含有菌体
を調製できる。さらに、菌体をバイオロジカルスペース
濃度以上に濃縮化することから反応系を小さくでき、し
たがって反応後の廃液を少量化することができ、また、
反応液中にセレン以外の金属を含まないため廃液処理が
簡便である。本製造法についてさらに説明すると、上述
の高分子化セレンを蓄積することのできる微生物菌体は
、予め適当な方法に従って調製された培地または媒体で
適宜培養・増殖したものを用いればよい。培養に当たっ
ては、上記に例示した対象とする微生物菌体のそれぞれ
を、通常培養する場合に使用されている培養培地組成例
えば炭素源，窒素源，無機塩等または培養媒体組成を用
い、適宜の培養温度にて培養すればよく、必要に応じ予
備培地または媒体で種菌培養した後各培養培地または媒
体で適宜培養・増殖せしめてもよい。菌体増殖曲線にお
ける対数増殖期後期から定常期後期までの適宜な時期に
、通常の遠心分離やろ過等の手段により集菌すればよい
。例えば水溶性セレン化合物として亜セレン酸を用いる
場合、好ましくは一般に菌体増殖曲線における亜セレン
酸還元酵素が生成される前段階である対数増殖期後期か
ら定常期初期の段階まで適宜培養して集菌すれば、増殖
菌体数が多く好適であるとともに、該菌体を用いて実質
的に菌体増殖を必要としない条件、好ましくはバイオロ
ジカルスペース以上の菌体濃度に調製して亜セレン酸を
含有する反応液と反応せしめた場合、セレンが菌体に取
込まれても亜セレン酸還元酵素の作用を受けないことか
ら実質的に無機セレンの生成を防止でき、良好な高分子
セレン含有菌体を得ることができる。[0010] According to this production method, there is no need for bacterial growth in a medium to which inorganic selenium has been added, so it is possible to increase the selenium concentration to a level higher than that which inhibits bacterial cell growth. Bacterial cells containing molecularized selenium can be produced. In addition, since the bacterial cells are cultured and propagated in advance in a medium that does not substantially contain selenium, there is no growth inhibition caused by selenium during culturing, and compared to the case of culturing and propagating in a medium containing selenium, a large amount of cells can be produced in a short period of time. A bacterial cell containing polymeric selenium can be prepared. Furthermore, since the bacterial cells are concentrated to a concentration higher than the biological space concentration, the reaction system can be made smaller, and therefore the amount of waste liquid after the reaction can be reduced.
Since the reaction solution does not contain metals other than selenium, waste solution treatment is simple. To further explain this production method, the microbial cells capable of accumulating polymerized selenium mentioned above may be appropriately cultured and propagated in a culture medium or medium prepared in advance according to an appropriate method. For culturing, each of the target microorganisms exemplified above is cultured using the culture medium composition normally used for culturing, such as carbon sources, nitrogen sources, inorganic salts, etc., or the culture medium composition as appropriate. The culture may be carried out at any temperature, and if necessary, the seed culture may be cultured in a preparatory medium or medium, and then cultured and propagated in each culture medium or medium as appropriate. Bacteria may be collected by conventional means such as centrifugation or filtration at an appropriate time from the late logarithmic growth phase to the late stationary phase of the bacterial cell growth curve. For example, when selenite is used as a water-soluble selenium compound, it is preferably cultured and collected as appropriate from the late logarithmic growth phase, which is the stage before selenite reductase is produced, in the bacterial growth curve to the early stationary phase. If the bacteria are grown, it is preferable that the number of proliferating bacteria is large, and the bacteria are used to prepare selenite under conditions that do not substantially require cell growth, preferably at a bacterial concentration higher than the biological space. When reacting with a reaction solution containing selenium, even if selenium is taken up by the bacterial cells, it is not affected by the selenite reductase, so the production of inorganic selenium can be substantially prevented. Bacterial cells can be obtained.
【００１１】菌体として酵母を用いた場合は、例えばＹ
ＰＧ培地等で種菌培養した後糖蜜培地で通常２５℃〜３
５℃で１２時間〜２４時間特に好ましくは１８時間〜２
０時間培養・増殖させた後培養菌体を集菌するのが好ま
しい。細菌として乳酸菌を用いた場合は、例えばロイコ
ノストック培地等で通常２５℃〜３５℃で１５時間〜３
０時間特に好ましくは２０時間〜２４時間培養・増殖さ
せた集菌すればよく、カビを用いた場合は、例えばＹＭ
培地で通常２０℃〜３０℃で３０時間〜５０時間特に好
ましくは３５時間〜４０時間培養・増殖させた集菌すれ
ばよく、単細胞緑藻を用いた場合は、例えば水を媒体と
するかもしくは参考例３に示した培地で通常２５℃〜３
３℃で２４時間〜４８時間特に好ましくは３０時間〜４
０時間培養・増殖させて集菌すればよい。[0011] When yeast is used as the bacterial cell, for example, Y
After culturing the seed culture in PG medium etc., it is usually grown in molasses medium at 25°C to 3°C.
12 hours to 24 hours at 5°C, particularly preferably 18 hours to 2 hours
It is preferable to collect the cultured bacterial cells after culturing and propagating for 0 hours. When lactic acid bacteria are used as bacteria, it is usually incubated at 25°C to 35°C for 15 hours to 3 hours in a leuconostoc medium or the like.
The bacteria may be collected after being cultured and grown for 0 hours, preferably 20 hours to 24 hours, and when using mold, for example, YM
The bacteria may be collected by culturing and propagating them in a medium, usually at 20°C to 30°C for 30 to 50 hours, preferably 35 to 40 hours, and when using unicellular green algae, for example, use water as a medium or use a reference material. Usually at 25°C to 30°C in the medium shown in Example 3.
24 hours to 48 hours at 3°C, particularly preferably 30 hours to 4 hours
The bacteria may be collected by culturing and propagating for 0 hours.
【００１２】次いで、該集菌した菌体から培養・増殖に
用いた培養培地または媒体を水等で数回洗浄して洗い流
して除去し、さらに、該菌体をセレンの高分子化基質お
よび水溶性セレン化合物を含有する水溶液（以下、反応
液ということがある）に分散せしめてセレンを高分子化
セレンとして菌体内に蓄積せしめるが、この反応をせし
める際、該菌体をバイオロジカルスペース以上の菌体濃
度に調製して菌体増殖によるセレンの高分子化基質の消
費を完全に停止させ、セレンの高分子基質の消費を専ら
高分子化の反応用に向けさせることが必要である。この
バイオロジカルスペース以上の菌体濃度に調製するとは
、菌体懸濁液（反応液）が本質的には該菌体の増殖を許
す成分を含んでいても、懸濁液の一定容積中に菌体が実
質的にそれ以上増殖することのできない状態、即ち菌体
増殖曲線における定常状態の菌体濃度以上の濃度の状況
下に調製することを意味する。例えば、酵母では１０９
コ／ｍｌ以上、乳酸菌では１０８ コ／ｍｌ、クロレ
ラでは１０９ コ／ｍｌ以上であるので、反応に際して
は酵母では１〜５×１０９ コ／ｍｌ、乳酸菌では１〜
５×１０８ コ／ｍｌ、クロレラでは１〜５×１０９
コ／ｍｌの菌体濃度で行えばよく、実用上はこれら微生
物の懸濁液における菌体濃度の測定は分光光度計による
ＯＤ値で行うことから、対象菌体の増殖曲線の定常期状
態における菌体濃度時点とする場合のＯＤ値の測定誤差
を±１０％とすればよい。また、カビの場合はＯＤ値の
測定が不可能であるので培養液量より少ない反応液に菌
体を懸濁して使用すればよい。[0012] Next, the culture medium or medium used for culturing and propagation is removed from the collected bacterial cells by washing and rinsing them several times with water, etc., and the bacterial cells are further removed from the selenium polymerized substrate and the aqueous solution. Selenium is dispersed in an aqueous solution (hereinafter sometimes referred to as reaction solution) containing a selenium compound, and selenium is accumulated in the bacterial cells as polymerized selenium. It is necessary to adjust the bacterial cell concentration to completely stop the consumption of the selenium polymerization substrate due to bacterial cell proliferation, and direct the consumption of the selenium polymerization substrate exclusively to the polymerization reaction. Preparing the bacterial cell concentration to exceed this biological space means that even if the bacterial cell suspension (reaction solution) essentially contains components that allow the bacterial cells to proliferate, This means that the bacterial cells are prepared under conditions in which they are substantially unable to proliferate any further, ie, at a concentration that is higher than the steady state concentration of the bacterial cells in the bacterial cell growth curve. For example, in yeast, 109
For lactic acid bacteria, the concentration is 108 cells/ml, and for chlorella, it is 109 cells/ml or more.
5 x 108 co/ml, 1 to 5 x 109 for chlorella
It is sufficient to use a bacterial cell concentration of 0.5 μl/ml, and in practice, the bacterial cell concentration in a suspension of these microorganisms is measured using the OD value using a spectrophotometer. The measurement error of the OD value at the time of bacterial cell concentration may be ±10%. Furthermore, in the case of mold, since it is impossible to measure the OD value, the bacterial cells may be suspended in a reaction solution smaller than the amount of the culture solution.
【００１３】次いで、該菌体をセレンの高分子化基質と
なり得る有機化合物および水溶性セレン化合物を含有す
る水溶液に分散せしめて、菌体内に高分子化セレンを蓄
積せしめる。反応液中でセレンの高分子化基質となり得
る有機化合物および水溶性セレン化合物を含有する水溶
液は、両方を混合した水溶液にて上述のバイオロジカル
スペース以上の菌体濃度に分散させても、または逐次に
まず該菌体を有機化合物水溶液に分散させてから水溶性
セレン化合物水溶液に分散させても、または分散する順
序を逆としてもいづれの過程を経ていてもかまわず、上
記の反応液に菌体をバイオロジカルスペース以上の菌体
濃度に分散・接触せしめる過程であればいづれでもかま
わない。Next, the bacterial cells are dispersed in an aqueous solution containing an organic compound that can serve as a substrate for polymerizing selenium and a water-soluble selenium compound, thereby accumulating polymerized selenium within the bacterial cells. An aqueous solution containing an organic compound and a water-soluble selenium compound that can serve as a selenium polymerization substrate in the reaction solution can be dispersed in an aqueous solution containing both to a bacterial cell concentration higher than the biological space mentioned above, or sequentially. The bacterial cells can be first dispersed in an organic compound aqueous solution and then dispersed in a water-soluble selenium compound aqueous solution, or the order of dispersion can be reversed and either process can be carried out. Any process may be used as long as it is dispersed and brought into contact with a bacterial cell concentration higher than the biological space.
【００１４】セレンの高分子化基質となり得る有機化合
物とは、菌体内反応機構である高エネルギーリン酸化合
物合成機構、例えば解糖系反応機構やＴＣＡ回路反応機
構を作動させるに不可欠な成分であり、即ち菌体にとっ
てエネルギー基質となり得る有機化合物であればよく、
具体的には糖および／またはアミノ酸が挙げられる。糖
としては、例えば、グルコース，フルクトース，ガラク
トース，シュークロース，マルトース，トレハロースが
挙げられ、特に好ましくはグルコースである。アミノ酸
としては、例えばロイシン，イソロイシン，セリン等の
グルコゲニックアミノ酸系であればよく、特に好ましく
はロイシンまたはイソロイシンである。反応液である該
有機化合物水溶液には少なくとも上記糖および／または
アミノ酸と、必要に応じ緩衝液としてリン酸塩等を含有
する水溶液であるのが好ましい。さらに、必要に応じ高
エネルギーリン酸化合物の補給源となりうるものとして
、アデニン，アデノシンを上記系に添加すると、より有
効に高分子化セレンが菌体内に蓄積される。[0014] The organic compound that can serve as a polymerization substrate for selenium is an essential component for operating the high-energy phosphoric acid compound synthesis mechanism that is an intracellular reaction mechanism, such as the glycolytic reaction mechanism and the TCA cycle reaction mechanism. In other words, any organic compound that can serve as an energy substrate for bacterial cells is sufficient.
Specific examples include sugars and/or amino acids. Examples of the sugar include glucose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, and trehalose, with glucose being particularly preferred. The amino acid may be a glucogenic amino acid such as leucine, isoleucine, or serine, and leucine or isoleucine is particularly preferred. The organic compound aqueous solution serving as the reaction solution preferably contains at least the above-mentioned sugar and/or amino acid and, if necessary, a phosphate or the like as a buffer. Furthermore, if adenine or adenosine is added to the above system as a source of high-energy phosphoric acid compounds if necessary, polymerized selenium can be accumulated more effectively in the bacterial cells.
【００１５】反応に用いる際の上記有機化合物水溶液の
ｐＨは、通常ｐＨ４〜７、特に好ましくはｐＨ５〜６が
例示される。リン酸塩等緩衝液を用いた場合には該緩衝
液を好ましいｐＨに調製すればよい。有機化合物水溶液
の各々の成分の量的関係については、有機化合物水溶液
全量に対し、糖とアミノ酸は単独かまたは併用してもよ
く、糖は０．３ ％〜２％を含有させるのが好ましく、
アミノ酸は０．３ ％〜２％、また必要に応じ緩衝液で
あるリン酸塩は０．０１Ｍ〜０．３ Ｍ用いればよく、
また、アデニン，アデノシンを加える場合には、０．０
０１ ％〜０．０２％を用いればよい。The pH of the aqueous solution of the organic compound used in the reaction is usually 4 to 7, preferably 5 to 6. When a buffer such as a phosphate salt is used, the buffer may be adjusted to a preferred pH. Regarding the quantitative relationship of each component of the organic compound aqueous solution, sugar and amino acid may be used alone or in combination with respect to the total amount of the organic compound aqueous solution, and sugar is preferably contained in an amount of 0.3% to 2%;
Amino acids may be used at 0.3% to 2%, and if necessary, phosphate as a buffer may be used at 0.01M to 0.3M.
In addition, when adding adenine and adenosine, 0.0
0.01% to 0.02% may be used.
【００１６】次いで、本発明に使用できるセレンの供給
源である水溶性セレン化合物は、対象菌体の細胞膜を透
過し、菌体内で蛋白質と結合して高分子化セレンと変換
されうる適当な水溶性のセレン化合物であればよく、例
えば亜セレン酸（Ｈ２ ＳｅＯ３ ），二酸化セレン（
ＳｅＯ２ ），セレン酸（Ｈ２ ＳｅＯ３ ）等の無機
セレンが挙げられるが、特に亜セレン酸を用いるのが好
ましい。反応に用いる量としては反応液中のセレン濃度
が２ｐｐｍ以上、好ましくは１０〜１００ｐｐｍとなる
ように水溶性セレン化合物の添加量を調製すればよい。[0016] Next, the water-soluble selenium compound that can be used as a source of selenium in the present invention is a suitable water-soluble selenium compound that can permeate the cell membrane of the target bacterial cell, bind to proteins within the bacterial cell, and be converted into polymerized selenium. For example, selenite (H2 SeO3), selenium dioxide (
Examples include inorganic selenium such as selenium (SeO2) and selenic acid (H2SeO3), but it is particularly preferable to use selenite. The amount of the water-soluble selenium compound used in the reaction may be adjusted so that the selenium concentration in the reaction solution is 2 ppm or more, preferably 10 to 100 ppm.
【００１７】上述のとおり、反応液へ菌体を同時または
逐次に分散し、振盪させて反応せしめるが、反応におけ
る反応温度は２０℃〜４０℃特に好ましくは２５℃〜３
５℃で、反応時間は４時間以上特に８〜２０時間反応せ
しめるのが好ましい。反応後、遠心分離等の手段で集菌
し、さらに回収菌体を水で数回洗浄することにより高分
子化されたセレンを含有する微生物菌体が得られる。ま
た得られた高分子化セレン含有菌体は必要に応じ凍結乾
燥、加熱乾燥やスプレードライ等をして保存すればよく
、好ましくは９０℃以上にて加熱乾燥して用いればよい
。このようにして得られた高分子化セレン含有菌体中の
高分子化セレンは、セファデックスＧ５０カラムによる
溶出パターンとセレンの分布から、８５％以上のセレン
が蛋白質である高分子分画に存在するものであった。ま
た、高分子化セレン含有菌体の菌体内セレン濃度は５０
０〜３０００ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体程度であった。As mentioned above, the bacterial cells are simultaneously or sequentially dispersed in the reaction solution and reacted by shaking, and the reaction temperature in the reaction is preferably 20° C. to 40° C.
The reaction time is preferably 4 hours or more, particularly 8 to 20 hours at 5°C. After the reaction, microbial cells containing polymerized selenium are obtained by collecting the bacteria by centrifugation or the like, and washing the collected cells several times with water. Further, the obtained polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells may be stored by freeze-drying, heat-drying, spray drying, etc., as necessary, and preferably may be used by heat-drying at 90° C. or higher. The polymerized selenium in the polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells obtained in this manner was found to be present in the polymer fraction in which more than 85% of selenium is protein, based on the elution pattern and selenium distribution by Sephadex G50 column. It was something to do. In addition, the intracellular selenium concentration of bacterial cells containing polymerized selenium was 50
It was about 0 to 3000 ppm/dry bacterial cells.
【００１８】この菌体の毒性は無機セレンやセレノメチ
オニンに比べて極めて低いものであり、これをそのまま
飼料に添加してもよいが、炭酸カルシウム、リン酸カル
シウム、硫酸カルシウム、重炭酸ナトリウム、小麦粉、
デンプン、デキストリン等や飼料用原料の穀類、そうこ
う類、粕類と混合して希釈しプレミックスとして使用し
てもよい。通常、飼料に添加して動物、例えば、ブタ、
ウマ、ウシ、ヒツジ、ヤギ等の家畜や、産卵用のニワト
リや肉用のニワトリ（ブロイラー）、七面鳥等の家禽に
給与する方法が好ましい。給与量としては、対象とする
動物の種類や体重、他の飼料のセレン含有量により異な
るが、通常、ブタにおいてはセレン濃度として０．００
１〜０．０５ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度、ウシにおいてはセレ
ン濃度として０．００１〜０．０３ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度
が例示され、また、最終セレン濃度が０．０５〜０．５
ｐｐｍ程度が適当であり、特に組成物中の高分子化セレ
ン含有菌体に由来するセレンの濃度が０．０５〜０．５
ｐｐｍ程度であることが好ましい。給与時期としては、
常時飼料に添加してもよく、または最も必要とされる哺
乳期、泌乳・授乳期、妊娠期等、用途に合わせて適宜の
時期に投与すればよい。The toxicity of this bacterial cell is extremely low compared to inorganic selenium and selenomethionine, and it may be added to feed as is, but calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, sodium bicarbonate, wheat flour,
It may be used as a premix by diluting it by mixing it with starch, dextrin, etc., or feed raw materials such as grains, grains, and meal. It is usually added to feed for animals such as pigs,
Preferred methods include feeding livestock such as horses, cows, sheep, and goats, and poultry such as egg-laying chickens, meat chickens (broilers), and turkeys. The amount fed varies depending on the type and weight of the animal being treated, as well as the selenium content of other feedstuffs, but the selenium concentration for pigs is usually 0.00.
For example, the selenium concentration in cattle is about 0.001 to 0.03 mg/kg/day, and the final selenium concentration is about 0.05 to 0.5.
Approximately ppm is appropriate, especially when the concentration of selenium derived from polymerized selenium-containing bacteria in the composition is 0.05 to 0.5.
It is preferably about ppm. As for salary period,
It may be added to feed at all times, or it may be administered at appropriate times depending on the purpose, such as during the lactation period, lactation/lactation period, or pregnancy period when it is most needed.
【００１９】また前述の高分子化セレン含有菌体をさら
に研究した結果、グルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ活性の
増強作用とは直接関係のない種々の用途を提供すること
に成功したものであり、第１の用途は、高分子化セレン
含有菌体を家畜に投与した場合に、無機セレンやセレノ
メチオニンを投与した場合に比較して、有意に高い濃度
のセレンを含有する乳が泌乳されるという新しい知見に
基づいて完成されたものである。即ち、本発明は、菌体
内セレン濃度が５００〜３０００ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体であ
る高分子化セレン含有菌体を有効成分とする家畜用高セ
レン含有乳泌乳剤である。本発明において高セレン含有
乳泌乳剤とは、無機セレンやセレノメチオニンを投与し
た場合に比較して、有為に高い濃度のセレンを含有する
乳を泌乳せしめる作用を有するものであり、例えば、本
発明の高セレン含有乳泌乳剤を妊娠前乃至授乳期のウシ
に投与することにより、授乳期の乳中のセレン濃度が通
常、２０〜６０ｐｐｂ程度と高い濃度となり、この高セ
レン含有乳を哺乳期の家畜に授乳させた場合には、授乳
された家畜、例えば子ブタや子ウシ等において、免疫力
の増強という効果を示すものである。Further, as a result of further research on the above-mentioned polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells, we have succeeded in providing various uses that are not directly related to the effect of enhancing glutathione peroxidase activity. is based on the new finding that when livestock contain polymerized selenium-containing bacteria, they produce milk containing significantly higher concentrations of selenium than when inorganic selenium or selenomethionine is administered. It was completed by That is, the present invention is a high selenium-containing milk lactation emulsion for livestock that contains as an active ingredient polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells having an intracellular selenium concentration of 500 to 3000 ppm/dry microbial cell. In the present invention, a high selenium-containing lactation emulsion is one that has the effect of lactating milk containing a significantly higher concentration of selenium than when inorganic selenium or selenomethionine is administered. By administering the high selenium-containing lactation emulsion of the invention to cows before pregnancy or during the lactation period, the selenium concentration in the milk during the lactation period is usually as high as about 20 to 60 ppb, and this high selenium-containing milk is used in the lactation period. When fed to livestock such as piglets, calves, etc., it exhibits the effect of enhancing immunity.
【００２０】本発明の高セレン含有乳泌乳剤は、前述の
グルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ活性を増強させる家畜・
家禽用組成物と同様にして、高分子化セレン含有菌体を
製造し、飼料、またはプレミックスとして調製すればよ
く、通常、最終セレン濃度を０．０５〜０．５ｐｐｍに
なるように調製したものが好ましく、特に組成物中の高
分子化セレン含有菌体に由来するセレンの濃度が０．０
５〜０．５ｐｐｍ程度であることが好ましい。本発明の
高セレン含有乳泌乳剤の給与対象動物としては家畜、即
ちブタ、ウマ、ウシ等が例示され、給与方法としては、
妊娠前乃至授乳期の家畜に、家畜の種類、体重、飼料中
の他に由来するセレン含有量等により選択した適宜の給
与量（通常、ブタにおいてはセレン濃度として０．００
１〜０．０５ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度、ウシにおいてはセレ
ン濃度として０．００１〜０．０３ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度
が例示される）を、飼料等に添加して経口投与する方法
が例示される。[0020] The high selenium-containing lactation emulsion of the present invention can be used to enhance the above-mentioned glutathione peroxidase activity.
In the same manner as the poultry composition, polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells may be produced and prepared as feed or premix, and the final selenium concentration is usually adjusted to 0.05 to 0.5 ppm. It is preferable that the concentration of selenium derived from polymerized selenium-containing bacteria in the composition is 0.0.
It is preferably about 5 to 0.5 ppm. Examples of animals to be fed with the high selenium-containing lactation emulsion of the present invention include livestock such as pigs, horses, and cows, and feeding methods include:
Feed livestock before pregnancy or during lactation at an appropriate amount selected depending on the type of livestock, body weight, selenium content derived from other sources in the feed, etc. (Usually, for pigs, the selenium concentration is 0.00
An example is a method of orally administering selenium by adding it to feed, etc. .
【００２１】また本発明は、高分子化セレン含有菌体を
家畜・家禽に投与した場合に、無機セレンやセレノメチ
オニンを投与した場合に比較して、家畜・家禽の繁殖率
が有意に改善されるという新しい知見に基づいて完成さ
れたものである。即ち、本発明は、菌体内セレン濃度が
５００〜３０００ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体である高分子化セレ
ン含有菌体を有効成分とする家畜・家禽用繁殖率改善剤
である。本発明の繁殖率改善剤によれば、無機セレンや
セレノメチオニンを投与した場合に比較して、家畜・家
禽の繁殖率、即ち、ブタ、ウマ、ウシ、ヒツジ、ヤギ等
の家畜においては多くの幼家畜（子ブタ、子ウシ等）が
得られ、産卵用のニワトリ、七面鳥等の家禽においては
多くの卵が得られるものである。[0021] Furthermore, the present invention shows that when polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells are administered to livestock and poultry, the reproductive rate of livestock and poultry is significantly improved compared to when inorganic selenium or selenomethionine is administered. It was completed based on new knowledge that That is, the present invention is a reproductive rate improving agent for livestock and poultry, which contains as an active ingredient a polymerized selenium-containing microbial cell whose intracellular selenium concentration is 500 to 3000 ppm/dry microbial cell. According to the reproductive rate improving agent of the present invention, compared to the case where inorganic selenium or selenomethionine is administered, the reproductive rate of livestock and poultry, that is, the reproductive rate of livestock such as pigs, horses, cows, sheep, and goats, is increased. Young livestock (piglets, calves, etc.) can be obtained, and many eggs can be obtained from poultry such as egg-laying chickens and turkeys.
【００２２】本発明の繁殖率改善剤は、前述のグルタチ
オンパーオキシダーゼ活性を増強させる家畜・家禽用組
成物と同様にして、高分子化セレン含有菌体を製造し、
飼料、またはプレミックスとして調製すればよく、通常
、最終セレン濃度を０．０５〜０．５ｐｐｍになるよう
に調製したものが好ましく、特に組成物中の高分子化セ
レン含有菌体に由来するセレンの濃度が０．０５〜０．
５ｐｐｍ程度であることが好ましい。本発明の繁殖率改
善剤の給与対象動物としてはブタ、ウマ、ウシ、ヒツジ
、ヤギ等の家畜や、産卵用のニワトリ、七面鳥等の家禽
が例示され、給与方法としては、妊娠前乃至授乳期の家
畜や、産卵期の家禽に対し、その家畜・家禽の種類、体
重、飼料中の他に由来するセレン含有量等により選択し
た適宜の給与量（通常、ブタにおいてはセレン濃度とし
て０．００１〜０．０５ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度、ウシにお
いてはセレン濃度として０．００１〜０．０３ｍｇ／ｋ
ｇ／日程度、ニワトリにおいてはセレン濃度として０．
００１〜０．０７ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度が例示される）を
、飼料等に添加して経口投与する方法が例示される。The reproductive rate improving agent of the present invention is produced by producing polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells in the same manner as the above-mentioned composition for livestock and poultry that enhances glutathione peroxidase activity,
It may be prepared as a feed or a premix, and it is usually preferable to prepare the final selenium concentration to 0.05 to 0.5 ppm. In particular, selenium derived from polymerized selenium-containing bacteria in the composition The concentration of is 0.05-0.
The content is preferably about 5 ppm. Examples of animals to be fed with the reproductive rate improving agent of the present invention include livestock such as pigs, horses, cows, sheep, and goats, and poultry such as egg-laying chickens and turkeys. For domestic livestock and poultry during the egg-laying period, an appropriate feeding amount is selected based on the type of livestock/poultry, body weight, selenium content derived from other sources in the feed, etc. (Usually, for pigs, the selenium concentration is 0.001 ~0.05mg/kg/day, and in cattle the selenium concentration is 0.001~0.03mg/k
g/day, and in chickens the selenium concentration is 0.
An example is a method in which a dose of about 0.001 to 0.07 mg/kg/day is added to feed or the like and orally administered.
【００２３】また本発明は、高分子化セレン含有菌体を
家畜・家禽に投与した場合に、無機セレンやセレノメチ
オニンを投与した場合に比較して、その肉質が改善され
るという新しい知見に基づいて完成されたものである。
即ち、本発明は、菌体内セレン濃度が５００〜３０００
ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体である高分子化セレン含有菌体を有効
成分とする家畜・家禽用肉質改善剤である。本発明の肉
質改善剤によれば、無機セレンやセレノメチオニンを投
与した場合に比較して、家畜・家禽の肉質をより改善し
、経済的価値を上昇せしめるものである。[0023] The present invention is also based on the new finding that when polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells are administered to livestock and poultry, their meat quality is improved compared to when inorganic selenium or selenomethionine is administered. It was completed by That is, in the present invention, the selenium concentration inside the bacteria is 500 to 3000.
This is a meat quality improving agent for livestock and poultry that contains polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells, which are ppm/dry microbial cells, as an active ingredient. According to the meat quality improving agent of the present invention, the meat quality of livestock and poultry is further improved and the economic value is increased compared to when inorganic selenium or selenomethionine is administered.
【００２４】本発明の肉質改善剤は、前述のグルタチオ
ンパーオキシダーゼ活性を増強させる家畜・家禽用組成
物と同様にして、高分子化セレン含有菌体を製造し、飼
料、またはプレミックスとして調製すればよく、通常、
最終セレン濃度を０．０５〜０．５ｐｐｍになるように
調製したものが好ましく、特に組成物中の高分子化セレ
ン含有菌体に由来するセレンの濃度が０．０５〜０．５
ｐｐｍ程度であることが好ましい。本発明の肉質改善剤
の給与対象動物としてはブタ、ウマ、ウシ、ヒツジ、ヤ
ギ等の家畜や、肉用のニワトリ、七面鳥等の家禽が例示
され、給与方法としては、屠体並びに解体する前の時期
の家畜・家禽に対し、その家畜・家禽の種類、体重、飼
料中の他に由来するセレン含有量等により選択した適宜
の給与量（通常、ブタにおいてはセレン濃度として０．
００１〜０．０５ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度、ウシにおいては
セレン濃度として０．００１〜０．０３ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日
程度、ニワトリにおいてはセレン濃度として０．００１
〜０．０７ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度が例示される）を、飼料
等に添加して経口投与する方法が例示される。[0024] The meat quality improving agent of the present invention can be prepared by producing polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells and preparing it as feed or a premix in the same manner as the above-mentioned composition for livestock and poultry that enhances glutathione peroxidase activity. usually, usually
Preferably, the final selenium concentration is adjusted to 0.05 to 0.5 ppm, and in particular, the concentration of selenium derived from polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells in the composition is 0.05 to 0.5.
It is preferably about ppm. Examples of animals to be fed with the meat quality improving agent of the present invention include livestock such as pigs, horses, cows, sheep, and goats, and poultry such as chickens and turkeys for meat. For livestock and poultry during this period, an appropriate feeding amount is selected based on the type of livestock and poultry, their weight, the selenium content derived from other sources in the feed, etc. (Usually, for pigs, the selenium concentration is 0.
001 to 0.05 mg/kg/day, approximately 0.001 to 0.03 mg/kg/day as a selenium concentration in cows, and 0.001 as a selenium concentration in chickens.
An example is a method of orally administering the amount (about 0.07 mg/kg/day) by adding it to feed or the like.
【００２５】また本発明は、高分子化セレン含有菌体を
家畜に投与した場合に、無機セレンやセレノメチオニン
を投与した場合に比較して、その乳量・乳質が改善され
るという新しい知見に基づいて完成されたものである。
即ち、本発明は、菌体内セレン濃度が５００〜３０００
ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体である高分子化セレン含有菌体を有効
成分とする家畜用乳量・乳質改善剤である。本発明にお
いて乳量・乳質改善剤とは、自然に発生する乳量・乳質
の低下を防止せしめるものであり、本発明の乳量・乳質
改善剤を用いた場合には、無機セレンやセレノメチオニ
ンを投与した場合に比較して、その乳量・乳質が改善さ
れる。[0025] Furthermore, the present invention is based on the new finding that when macromolecular selenium-containing bacterial cells are administered to livestock, the milk yield and quality are improved compared to when inorganic selenium or selenomethionine is administered. It was completed based on the following. That is, in the present invention, the selenium concentration inside the bacteria is 500 to 3000.
This is a milk production/milk quality improving agent for livestock whose active ingredient is polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells in the form of ppm/dry microbial cells. In the present invention, the milk yield/milk quality improving agent is something that prevents the naturally occurring decline in milk yield/milk quality, and when the milk yield/milk quality improving agent of the present invention is used, inorganic selenium and selenomethionine Milk yield and milk quality are improved compared to when administered.
【００２６】本発明の乳量・乳質改善剤は、前述のグル
タチオンパーオキシダーゼ活性を増強させる家畜・家禽
用組成物と同様にして、高分子化セレン含有菌体を製造
し、飼料、またはプレミックスとして調製すればよく、
通常、最終セレン濃度を０．０５〜０．５ｐｐｍになる
ように調製したものが好ましく、特に組成物中の高分子
化セレン含有菌体に由来するセレンの濃度が０．０５〜
０．５ｐｐｍ程度であることが好ましい。本発明の乳量
・乳質改善剤の給与対象動物としては家畜、即ちウシ、
ブタやヤギ等が例示され、給与方法としては、妊娠前乃
至授乳期の家畜に、家畜の種類、体重、飼料中の他に由
来するセレン含有量等により選択した適宜の給与量（通
常、ウシにおいてはセレン濃度として０．００１〜０．
０３ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度、ブタにおいてはセレン濃度と
して０．００１〜０．０５ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度が例示さ
れる）を、飼料等に添加して経口投与する方法が例示さ
れる。The milk yield/milk quality improving agent of the present invention is obtained by producing polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells in the same manner as the above-mentioned composition for livestock and poultry that enhances glutathione peroxidase activity, and adding it to feed or premix. It can be prepared as
Usually, it is preferable to prepare a final selenium concentration of 0.05 to 0.5 ppm, particularly when the concentration of selenium derived from polymerized selenium-containing bacteria in the composition is 0.05 to 0.5 ppm.
It is preferable that it is about 0.5 ppm. The animals to be fed with the milk production/milk quality improving agent of the present invention include livestock, i.e., cows;
Examples of feeding include pigs and goats, and the feeding method is to feed livestock before pregnancy or during lactation in an appropriate feeding amount selected depending on the type of livestock, body weight, selenium content derived from other sources in the feed, etc. The selenium concentration ranges from 0.001 to 0.
An example of a method is to orally administer selenium by adding selenium to feed or the like.
【００２７】また本発明は、高分子化セレン含有菌体を
家畜・家禽に投与した場合に、無機セレンやセレノメチ
オニンを投与した場合に比較して、原因不明の突然死が
予防されるという新しい知見に基づいて完成されたもの
である。即ち、本発明は、菌体内セレン濃度が５００〜
３０００ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体である高分子化セレン含有菌
体を有効成分とする家畜・家禽用突然死予防剤である。
本発明において突然死とは、細菌またはウイルス感染症
による死亡、圧死等物理的障害による死亡など、その死
亡原因が判明しているもの以外の死亡をいい、本発明の
突然死予防剤によれば、無機セレンやセレノメチオニン
を投与した場合に比較して、家畜・家禽の突然死が有意
に抑制されるものである。本発明の突然死予防剤は、前
述のグルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ活性を増強させる家
畜・家禽用組成物と同様にして、高分子化セレン含有菌
体を製造し、飼料、またはプレミックスとして調製すれ
ばよく、通常、最終セレン濃度を０．０５〜０．５ｐｐ
ｍになるように調製したものが好ましく、特に組成物中
の高分子化セレン含有菌体に由来するセレンの濃度が０
．０５〜０．５ｐｐｍ程度であることが好ましい。本発
明の突然死予防剤の給与対象動物としてはブタ、ウマ、
ウシ、ヒツジ、ヤギ等の家畜や、産卵用または肉用のニ
ワトリ、七面鳥等の家禽が例示され、給与方法としては
、常時飼料等に添加して経口投与し、その家畜・家禽の
種類、体重、飼料中の他に由来するセレン含有量等によ
り選択した適宜の給与量（通常、ブタにおいてはセレン
濃度として０．００１〜０．０５ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度、
ウシにおいてはセレン濃度として０．００１〜０．０３
ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度、ニワトリにおいてはセレン濃度と
して０．００１〜０．０７ｍｇ／ｋｇ／日程度が例示さ
れる）を投与する方法が例示される。[0027] The present invention also provides a novel method in which sudden death of unknown cause is prevented when polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells are administered to livestock and poultry, compared to when inorganic selenium or selenomethionine is administered. It was completed based on knowledge. That is, in the present invention, the selenium concentration inside the bacteria is 500 to 500.
This is a sudden death preventive agent for livestock and poultry that contains polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells at 3000 ppm/dry microbial cells as an active ingredient. In the present invention, sudden death refers to death other than those for which the cause of death is known, such as death due to bacterial or viral infection or death due to physical injury such as crush death, and according to the sudden death preventive agent of the present invention, , sudden death of livestock and poultry is significantly suppressed compared to when inorganic selenium or selenomethionine is administered. The agent for preventing sudden death of the present invention may be prepared by producing polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells and preparing it as feed or a premix in the same manner as the above-mentioned composition for livestock and poultry that enhances glutathione peroxidase activity. , usually the final selenium concentration is 0.05-0.5pp.
It is preferable that the concentration of selenium derived from polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells in the composition is 0.
．． It is preferably about 0.05 to 0.5 ppm. The animals to be fed with the agent for preventing sudden death of the present invention include pigs, horses,
Examples include livestock such as cows, sheep, and goats, as well as poultry such as chickens and turkeys for egg production or meat. , an appropriate feeding amount selected depending on the selenium content derived from other sources in the feed (usually, for pigs, the selenium concentration is about 0.001 to 0.05 mg/kg/day,
In cattle, the selenium concentration is 0.001 to 0.03.
An example is a method of administering a selenium concentration of about 0.001 to 0.07 mg/kg/day in chickens.
【００２８】[0028]
【実施例】以下に本発明に関する具体的な実施例および
参考例を挙げるが、本発明はこれらによって何等限定さ
れるものではない。[Examples] Specific examples and reference examples related to the present invention are listed below, but the present invention is not limited by these in any way.
【００２９】参考例１ 高分子化セレン含有菌体（サ
ッカロミセス・セレビシェ）の調製
ｐＨ５に調製したＹＰＧ培地（グルコース４％、ペプト
ン１％、イーストエキス０．５ ％、リン酸カリウム０
．５ ％、硫酸マグネシウム０．２％）１００ ｍｌを
５００ ｍｌ容三角フラスコに分注し１２１ ℃で１５
分殺菌した後、サッカロミセス・セレビシェＦＴＹ−３
（ＦＥＲＭ ＢＰ−２３２６）を１白金耳植付け、３
０℃で２４時間振盪培養し、種菌とした。４基の３０ｌ
容ジャーファーメンターを用い、それぞれｐＨ５に調製
し１２０ ℃で３０分加熱滅菌した糖蜜培地（糖蜜１０
％（蔗糖として４％含有）、尿素０．５ ％、７５％リ
ン酸０．１ ％、硫酸亜鉛０．０００３％）２０ｌに対
し、前記の種菌各々５００ ｍｌを植付け、３２℃、通
気量３０ｌ／分、撹拌速度３００ｒｐｍで１６時間培養
した。連続遠心機を使用して集菌し（１２０ｌ／時間）
、約２０ｌの水を加えて菌体を懸濁し、遠心分離して菌
体を洗浄した。この操作を３回繰り返した後、菌体濃度
を２．５ ×１０９ コ／ｍｌに調製してバイオロジカ
ルスペース以上の菌体濃度の状態とし、０．５ ％グル
コースを含む０．０３Ｍリン酸緩衝液（ｐＨ５）５ｌに
懸濁し、亜セレン酸０．４ ｇ（セレン濃度として４８
ｐｐｍ）を加えて通気量１０ｌ／分、撹拌速度２００ｒ
ｐｍ、振盪（反応）温度３０℃で反応せしめた。１８時
間後、遠心分離して集菌し、さらに２０ｌの水で３回洗
浄し、湿菌体３．５ ｋｇを得た。その後、７ｌの水を
加えて撹拌、分散した後、９０℃で１５分加熱し、コチ
ワ式スプレードライヤーを用い、送風１４０ ℃，排風
６０℃，送液４ｌ／時間の条件でスプレードライし、乾
燥粉末１．１ ｋｇを得た（水分４．１ ％，菌体内セ
レン濃度１９１０ｐｐｍ）。セレンの測定は、乾燥菌体
を硝酸と過塩素酸で酸化分解し、この分解液を２，３−
ジアミノナフタレンによる蛍光光度法により測定した。Reference Example 1 Preparation of polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) YPG medium adjusted to pH 5 (4% glucose, 1% peptone, 0.5% yeast extract, 0 potassium phosphate)
．． Pour 100 ml of 5% magnesium sulfate and 0.2% magnesium sulfate into a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask and heat at 121°C for 15 minutes.
After sterilization for minutes, Saccharomyces cerevisiae FTY-3
(FERM BP-2326) planted in 1 platinum loop, 3
The culture was cultured with shaking at 0°C for 24 hours, and used as an inoculum. 4 30l
Molasses medium (molasses 10
% (containing 4% as sucrose), urea 0.5%, 75% phosphoric acid 0.1%, zinc sulfate 0.0003%), 500 ml of each of the above seed bacteria was planted, and the mixture was heated at 32°C with an aeration volume of 30 liters. The cells were cultured for 16 hours at a stirring speed of 300 rpm. Collect bacteria using a continuous centrifuge (120 l/hour)
About 20 liters of water was added to suspend the bacterial cells, and the cells were washed by centrifugation. After repeating this operation three times, the bacterial cell concentration was adjusted to 2.5 × 109 cells/ml to reach a bacterial cell concentration above the biological space. Suspended in 5 liters of liquid (pH 5), add 0.4 g of selenite (selenium concentration: 48
ppm), aeration rate 10l/min, stirring speed 200r
pm, and the reaction was carried out at a shaking (reaction) temperature of 30°C. After 18 hours, the bacteria were collected by centrifugation and washed three times with 20 liters of water to obtain 3.5 kg of wet bacteria. After that, 7 liters of water was added, stirred and dispersed, heated at 90°C for 15 minutes, and spray-dried using a Kochiwa spray dryer under the conditions of air blowing at 140°C, exhaust air at 60°C, and liquid feeding at 4 liters/hour. 1.1 kg of dry powder was obtained (moisture: 4.1%, selenium concentration inside the bacteria: 1910 ppm). To measure selenium, dry bacterial cells are oxidized and decomposed with nitric acid and perchloric acid, and the decomposed solution is 2,3-
Measured by fluorophotometry using diaminonaphthalene.
【００３０】参考例２ 高分子化セレン含有菌体中の
高分子化セレン
参考例１で得られた菌体５ｇを５０ｍｌの水に懸濁し、
１Ｎ苛性ソーダでｐＨ７に調製した後、ポジトロン破砕
機で菌体を破砕し、さらに９５℃で１０分加熱した後、
１００００ｒｐｍで１５分間遠心分離し、上清３８ｍｌ
を得た（セレン濃度１７４ ｐｐｍ）。上清１０ｍｌを
凍結乾燥した後、２ｍｌの水に溶解し、その内１ｍｌを
用いてセファデックスＧ５０の１００ ｍｌカラム（２
×３２ｃｍ）による溶出パターンとセレンの分布を調べ
た。その結果、図１の如く、８５％以上のセレンが高分
子分画に存在した。Reference Example 2 Polymerized selenium in bacterial cells containing polymerized selenium 5 g of the bacterial cells obtained in Reference Example 1 were suspended in 50 ml of water,
After adjusting the pH to 7 with 1N caustic soda, crushing the bacterial cells with a positron crusher, and further heating at 95°C for 10 minutes,
Centrifuge at 10,000 rpm for 15 minutes and remove 38 ml of supernatant.
(Selenium concentration 174 ppm). After lyophilizing 10 ml of the supernatant, it was dissolved in 2 ml of water, and 1 ml of the supernatant was used to fill a 100 ml column of Sephadex G50 (2
The elution pattern and distribution of selenium were investigated using As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, 85% or more of selenium was present in the polymer fraction.
【００３１】参考例３ 高分子化セレン含有菌体（ク
ロレラ・ブルガリス）の調製
クロレラ・ブルガリス（Ｃｈｒｏｒｅｌｌａ ｂｕｒｕ
ｇａｌｌｉｓ） を２％グルコース、０．４ ％尿素、
０．１ ％リン酸塩、０．１ ％硫酸マグネシウム、０
．０３％硫酸第一鉄、０．１ ％塩化カルシウムを含む
培地で３０℃で３０時間程度通常の条件で培養し、培養
液８０ｌから得られた菌体を８０ｌの水で３回洗浄した
後、該菌体を０．５ ％グルコースを含む０．１ Ｍリ
ン酸緩衝液（ｐＨ６）２０ｌに懸濁して菌体濃度をバイ
オロジカルスペース以上の菌体濃度である２×１０９
コ／ｍｌに調製し、亜セレン酸４ｇ（セレン濃度として
１２０ ｐｐｍ）を加えて、３０℃で１８時間振盪して
反応せしめ、菌体濃度を測定して遠心分離にて集菌し、
さらに菌体を８０ｌの水で２回洗浄した後凍結乾燥した
。該菌体のセレン濃度は２０６０ｐｐｍであった。Reference Example 3 Preparation of polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells (Chlorella vulgaris)
gallis) in 2% glucose, 0.4% urea,
0.1% phosphate, 0.1% magnesium sulfate, 0
．． After culturing under normal conditions at 30°C for about 30 hours in a medium containing 0.3% ferrous sulfate and 0.1% calcium chloride, the bacterial cells obtained from 80 liters of the culture solution were washed three times with 80 liters of water. The cells were suspended in 20 liters of 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6) containing 0.5% glucose, and the cell concentration was adjusted to 2 x 109, which is a cell concentration greater than the biological space.
4 g of selenite (selenium concentration: 120 ppm) was added, the mixture was shaken at 30°C for 18 hours to react, the bacterial cell concentration was measured, and the bacteria were collected by centrifugation.
Furthermore, the bacterial cells were washed twice with 80 liters of water and then freeze-dried. The selenium concentration of the bacterial cells was 2060 ppm.
【００３２】実施例１ ウシにおけるグルタチオンパ
ーオキシダーゼ活性の増強
ヘレフォード育成雌牛３頭を１群とし、各々、亜セレン
酸ナトリウム、セレノメチオニン、特開昭６０−２２４
４５１号公報の製造例にしたがって調製したセレン含有
バチルス・サブチルス（セレン濃度；２１００ｐｐｍ／
乾燥菌体）、参考例１のセレン含有サッカロマイセス・
セレビシエ（セレン濃度；１９１０ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体）
、および参考例３のセレン含有クロレラ・ブルガリス（
セレン濃度；２０６０ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体）を給与飼料に
添加して６週間自由採食させた各投与群を設け、２週間
隔で各投与群の血中グルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ活性
値を調べた（１分間当たり１μｍｏｌのＮＡＤＰＨを減
少させる酵素の量を１ｅ．ｕ．とした）。給与飼料はサ
イレ−ジ（チモシ−）に上記のセレン含有物を均一に混
合し、乾草と混ぜて調整した。添加する各セレン含有物
のセレン濃度は表１に示した。なお、対照群の給与飼料
（サイレ−ジ＋乾草）のセレン含有量は０．０１ｐｐｍ
であった。グルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ活性値はＮＡ
ＤＰＨの減少を測定する方法で測定した（臨床酵素ハン
ドブック；講談社発行、１９８２年９月１０日）。
その結果は表１に示される通り、参考例１の投与群およ
び参考例３の投与群ならびに特開昭６０−２２４４５１
の投与群においては他の投与群に比べて、グルタチオン
パーオキシダーゼ活性値の有意な上昇が認められた。特
に、参考例１の投与群が有効であった。Example 1 Enhancement of glutathione peroxidase activity in cattle A group of three Hereford heifers was treated with sodium selenite, selenomethionine, and JP-A-60-224.
Selenium-containing Bacillus subtilis (selenium concentration: 2100 ppm/
dried bacterial cells), selenium-containing Saccharomyces of Reference Example 1
Cerevisiae (Selenium concentration: 1910 ppm/dry bacterial cells)
, and the selenium-containing Chlorella vulgaris of Reference Example 3 (
Selenium concentration: 2060 ppm/dry bacterial cells) was added to the feed, and each treatment group was allowed to eat freely for 6 weeks.The blood glutathione peroxidase activity value of each treatment group was examined at 2-week intervals (1 minute The amount of enzyme that reduces 1 μmol of NADPH per sample was defined as 1 e.u.). The feed was prepared by uniformly mixing silage (timothy) with the above selenium-containing substance and mixing it with hay. The selenium concentration of each selenium-containing substance added is shown in Table 1. In addition, the selenium content of the feed (silage + hay) for the control group was 0.01 ppm.
Met. Glutathione peroxidase activity value is NA
It was measured by a method that measures the decrease in DPH (Clinical Enzyme Handbook; Published by Kodansha, September 10, 1982). The results are shown in Table 1, the administration group of Reference Example 1, the administration group of Reference Example 3, and the
A significant increase in glutathione peroxidase activity was observed in the administration group compared to the other administration groups. In particular, the administration group of Reference Example 1 was effective.
【表１】[Table 1]
【００３３】実施例２ ニワトリにおけるグルタチオ
ンパーオキシダーゼ活性の増強
６０日齢の採卵用育成鶏（銘柄；シェーバースタークロ
ス）を５羽１群とし、実施例１と同様の投与群を設け、
給与飼料を４週間不断給与し、給与前および給与４週目
の血液グルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ活性値を調べた。
添加する各セレン含有物のセレン濃度は表２に示した。
なお、対照群の給与飼料は、トルラ酵母２５％，カゼイ
ン９．５％，グルコース３９．６％，綿実油５．０％，
セルラーゼ８．０％，ＤＬ−メチオニン０．２％，ビタ
ミンミネラルプレミックス１２．７％の組成からなる飼
料（セレン濃度０．０４ｐｐｍ）を用いた。その結果は
表２に示される通り、参考例１の投与群および参考例３
の投与群ならびに特開昭６０−２２４４５１の投与群に
おいては他の投与群に比べて、グルタチオンパーオキシ
ダーゼ活性値の有意な上昇が認められた。特に、参考例
１の投与群が有効であった。Example 2 Enhancement of glutathione peroxidase activity in chickens A group of five 60-day-old egg-laying chickens (brand: Shaver Star Cross) was prepared in the same administration group as in Example 1,
Feed was fed ad libitum for 4 weeks, and blood glutathione peroxidase activity values were examined before feeding and 4 weeks after feeding. The selenium concentration of each selenium-containing substance added is shown in Table 2. The feed for the control group was 25% Torula yeast, 9.5% casein, 39.6% glucose, 5.0% cottonseed oil,
A feed consisting of 8.0% cellulase, 0.2% DL-methionine, and 12.7% vitamin-mineral premix (selenium concentration 0.04 ppm) was used. The results are shown in Table 2, the administration group of Reference Example 1 and the administration group of Reference Example 3.
A significant increase in the glutathione peroxidase activity value was observed in the administration group of JP-A No. 60-224451 and the administration group of JP-A-60-224451 compared to other administration groups. In particular, the administration group of Reference Example 1 was effective.
【表２】[Table 2]
【００３４】実施例３ 経口投与による急性毒性
試験ウイスター系ラット５匹を１群とし、亜セレン酸ナ
トリウム、セレノメチオニン、特開昭６０−２２４４５
１号製造例にしたがって調製したセレン含有バチルス・
サブチルス菌体（セレン濃度；２１００ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌
体）、および参考例１のセレン含有サッカロマイセス・
セレビジエ（セレン濃度；１９１０ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体）
を経口投与し、その生存率を調べた。その結果は表３に
示される通り、特開昭６０−２２４４５１の投与群およ
び参考例１の投与群においては、極めて毒性が低いもの
であった。Example 3 Acute toxicity test by oral administration A group of 5 Wistar rats were treated with sodium selenite, selenomethionine, and JP-A-60-22445.
Selenium-containing Bacillus prepared according to Production Example No. 1
subtilis cells (selenium concentration: 2100 ppm/dry cell), and the selenium-containing Saccharomyces cells of Reference Example 1.
S. cerevisiae (Selenium concentration: 1910 ppm/dry bacterial cells)
was administered orally and its survival rate was investigated. As shown in Table 3, the toxicity was extremely low in the administration group of JP-A-60-224451 and the administration group of Reference Example 1.
【表３】[Table 3]
【００３５】実施例４ ウシにおける高セレン含有乳
の泌乳
分娩後２０日齢の肉牛（アンガス種）３頭を１群とし、
実施例１と同様の投与群を設け、給与飼料を６週間自由
採食させ、２週間隔で乳汁セレン濃度の推移を調べた。
添加する各セレン含有物のセレン濃度は表４に示した。
給与飼料は実施例１と同様に調製した。なお、対照群の
給与飼料のセレン含有量は、０．０１ｐｐｍであった。
乳汁セレン濃度の測定は、水酸化ホウ素ナトリウム利用
の水素化物生成と二重化セル原子化法を組み合わせた方
法（新得畜試研究報告 第１６号 ３９〜４２頁（
１９８８））に従って行った。その結果は表４に示され
る通り、参考例１の投与群および参考例３の投与群なら
びに特開昭６０−２２４４５１の投与群においては他の
投与群に比べて、乳汁中セレン濃度の有意な上昇が認め
られた。特に、参考例１の投与群が有効であった。Example 4 Lactation of high selenium-containing milk in cows A group of three beef cows (Angus breed) 20 days old after calving,
The same administration group as in Example 1 was established, and the animals were allowed to freely eat feed for 6 weeks, and the changes in milk selenium concentration were examined at 2-week intervals. The selenium concentration of each selenium-containing substance added is shown in Table 4. The feed was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. In addition, the selenium content of the feed fed to the control group was 0.01 ppm. Milk selenium concentration was measured by a method combining hydride generation using sodium boron hydroxide and double cell atomization method (Shintoku Livestock Research Report No. 16, pp. 39-42).
1988)). As shown in Table 4, the results showed that the selenium concentration in milk was significantly lower in the administration group of Reference Example 1, the administration group of Reference Example 3, and the administration group of JP-A-60-224451 compared to other administration groups. An increase was observed. In particular, the administration group of Reference Example 1 was effective.
【表４】[Table 4]
【００３６】実施例５ ウシにおける繁殖率の改善分
娩２月前の乳牛（ホルスタイン種）５０頭を１群とし、
実施例１と同様の投与群を設け、給与飼料を２月間自由
採食させ、繁殖に及ぼす効果を調べた。添加する各セレ
ン含有物のセレン濃度は表５に示した。給与飼料は実施
例１と同様に調製した。なお、対照群の給与飼料のセレ
ン含有量は、０．００８ｐｐｍであった。その結果は表
５に示される通り、参考例１の投与群および参考例３の
投与群ならびに特開昭６０−２２４４５１の投与群にお
いては他の投与群に比べて、後産停滞を改善し繁殖に好
影響をもたらすものであった。特に、参考例１の投与群
が有効であった。Example 5 Improvement of reproductive rate in cows A group of 50 dairy cows (Holstein breed) two months before calving,
The same administration group as in Example 1 was established, and the mice were allowed to eat feed freely for two months, and the effect on reproduction was investigated. The selenium concentration of each selenium-containing substance added is shown in Table 5. The feed was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. In addition, the selenium content of the feed fed to the control group was 0.008 ppm. As shown in Table 5, the results showed that the administration group of Reference Example 1, the administration group of Reference Example 3, and the administration group of JP-A-60-224451 improved postnatal stagnation and reproduction compared to other administration groups. This had a positive impact on In particular, the administration group of Reference Example 1 was effective.
【表５】[Table 5]
【００３７】実施例６ ニワトリにおける繁殖率
の改善
３３０日齢の採卵鶏（銘柄；シェーバースタークロス）
１００羽を１群とし、実施例１と同様の投与群を設け、
給与飼料を２月間不断給与させ、繁殖（産卵）に及ぼす
効果を調査した。添加する各セレン含有物のセレン濃度
は表６に示した。対照群の給与飼料としては、成鶏用標
準飼料ＳＤＬ Ｎｏ．４（日本配合飼料株製）を用い
た。その結果は表６に示される通り、参考例１の投与群
および参考例３の投与群ならびに特開昭６０−２２４４
５１の投与群においては他の投与群に比べて、産卵率が
高く、卵重が重く、繁殖率の改善が認められた。特に、
参考例１の投与群が有効であった。Example 6 Improvement of reproductive rate in chickens 330-day-old laying chickens (brand name: Shaver Star Cross)
One group consisted of 100 birds, and the same administration group as in Example 1 was established.
Feed was fed ad libitum for two months, and the effect on reproduction (egg laying) was investigated. The selenium concentration of each selenium-containing substance added is shown in Table 6. The feed for the control group was standard feed for adult chickens SDL No. 4 (manufactured by Nippon Compound Feed Co., Ltd.) was used. The results are shown in Table 6, the administration group of Reference Example 1, the administration group of Reference Example 3, and the
In the No. 51 treatment group, the egg laying rate was higher and the egg weight was heavier than in the other treatment groups, and an improvement in reproductive rate was observed. especially,
The administration group of Reference Example 1 was effective.
【表６】[Table 6]
【００３８】実施例７ ウシにおける肉質の改善１８
月齢の去勢牛（和牛）１０頭を１群とし、実施例１と同
様の投与群を設け、給与飼料を６月間自由採食させ、肉
質に及ぼす効果を調査した。添加する各セレン含有物の
セレン濃度は表７に示した。対照群の給与飼料としては
、スノービーフＢ（雪印種苗株製）を用いた。肉質評価
は、歩留等級および脂肪交雑に関する評価にて行い、歩
留等級および脂肪交雑は牛枝肉取引規格（昭和６０年１
月の社団法人中央畜産会「食肉取引規格検討会」答申）
に従い、下記の基準にて判定した。
歩留等級 Ａ；歩留基準値が７２以上、Ｂ；歩留
基準値が６９以上７２未満Ｃ；６９未満
脂肪交雑 ５；かなり良いもの、 ４；やや良
いもの、３；標準のもの、２；標準に準ずるもの、１；
劣るもの
その結果は表８〜表１５に示される通り、参考例１の投
与群および参考例３の投与群ならびに特開昭６０−２２
４４５１の投与群においては他の投与群に比べて、歩留
等級および脂肪交雑とも優れ肉質改善効果を認めた。特
に、参考例１の投与群が有効であった。Example 7 Improvement of meat quality in cattle 18
A group of 10 aged steers (Japanese cattle) was set up in the same manner as in Example 1, and the animals were allowed to freely eat feed for 6 months, and the effect on meat quality was investigated. Table 7 shows the selenium concentration of each selenium-containing substance added. As the feed for the control group, Snow Beef B (manufactured by Snow Brand Seed Co., Ltd.) was used. Meat quality evaluation is performed by evaluating yield grade and marbling. Yield grade and marbling are determined according to the Beef Carcass Trading Standards
(Reported by the Meat Trade Standards Review Committee of the Japan Livestock Industry Association)
Judgment was made based on the following criteria. Yield grade A: Yield standard value is 72 or more, B: Yield standard value is 69 or more and less than 72 C: Less than 69 marbling 5: Fairly good, 4: Fairly good, 3: Standard, 2; Compliant with standards, 1;
Inferior results As shown in Tables 8 to 15, the administration group of Reference Example 1, the administration group of Reference Example 3, and JP-A-60-22
In the group administered with 4451, the yield grade and marbling were both superior and the meat quality improving effect was observed compared to the other administration groups. In particular, the administration group of Reference Example 1 was effective.
【表７】[Table 7]
【表８】[Table 8]
【表９】[Table 9]
【表１０】[Table 10]
【表１１】[Table 11]
【表１２】[Table 12]
【表１３】[Table 13]
【表１４】[Table 14]
【表１５】[Table 15]
【００３９】実施例８ ブタにおける肉質の改善
４月齢の肥育豚（バークシャー種）１０頭を１群とし、
実施例１と同様の投与群を設け、給与飼料を２月間不断
給与させ、肉質に及ぼす効果を調査した。添加する各セ
レン含有物のセレン濃度は表１６に示した。対照群の給
与飼料としては、肉豚用標準飼料ＳＤＳ Ｎｏ．４（
日本配合飼料株製）を用いた。肉質評価は、豚枝肉取引
規格（家畜審査新教本；富民協会発行、昭和６２年８月
１日）に従い、下記の基準の格付けにて判定した。
極上；きめがこまかく、しまりの特に良いもの。
上 ；きめがこまかく、しまりの良いもの。
中 ；きめ、しまりとも大きな欠点のないもの。
並 ；きめがややあらく、しまりもよくないもの等外
；肉質の特に悪いもの。
その結果は表１６に示される通り、参考例１の投与群お
よび参考例３の投与群ならびに特開昭６０−２２４４５
１の投与群においては他の投与群に比べて、優れた格付
けを示し肉質改善効果を認めた。特に、参考例１の投与
群が有効であった。Example 8 Improvement of meat quality in pigs A group of 10 4-month-old fattening pigs (Berkshire breed)
The same administration groups as in Example 1 were established, and the animals were given feed for two months ad libitum, and the effect on meat quality was investigated. The selenium concentration of each selenium-containing substance added is shown in Table 16. The feed for the control group was standard feed for pigs SDS No. 4(
(manufactured by Japan Compound Feed Co., Ltd.) was used. Meat quality was evaluated according to the standards for pork carcass trading (New Textbook for Livestock Examination; Published by Fumin Kyokai, August 1, 1986) using the following grading criteria. Finest: Finely textured and particularly tight. Top: Finely textured and well-tight. Medium: No major defects in texture or tightness. Average; The texture is a little rough and the texture is not good, etc. Except; The meat quality is particularly poor. The results are shown in Table 16, the administration group of Reference Example 1, the administration group of Reference Example 3, and the
In comparison with the other administration groups, administration group 1 showed an excellent rating, and the meat quality improving effect was recognized. In particular, the administration group of Reference Example 1 was effective.
【表１６】[Table 16]
【００４０】実施例９ ニワトリの肉質の改善４
週齢のブロイラ−（銘柄：アーバーエーカー）１０羽を
１群とし、実施例１と同様の投与群を設け、給与飼料を
１月間不断給与させ、肉質に及ぼす効果を調査した。
添加する各セレン含有物のセレン濃度は表１７に示した
。対照群の給与飼料としては、ブロイラ−肥育後期用標
準飼料ＳＤＢ Ｎｏ．２（日本配合飼料株製）を用い
た。肉質評価は、官能検査および歩留り率にて行い、官
能検査における肉質判定は、１０人の試験者で色合い、
しまり（水分、弾力性）およびうまみについて評価した
。その結果は表１７および表１８に示される通り、参考
例１の投与群および参考例３の投与群ならびに特開昭６
０−２２４４５１の投与群においては他の投与群に比べ
て、官能検査および歩留り率にて優れ、肉質改善効果を
認めた。特に、参考例１の投与群が有効であった。Example 9 Improvement of chicken meat quality 4
A group of 10 week-old broiler chickens (brand name: Arbor Acre) was set up in the same manner as in Example 1, and feed was fed ad libitum for one month to investigate the effect on meat quality. The selenium concentration of each selenium-containing substance added is shown in Table 17. The feed for the control group was standard feed for the later stages of broiler fattening SDB No. 2 (manufactured by Nippon Compound Feed Co., Ltd.) was used. Meat quality evaluation is done by sensory test and yield rate, and meat quality judgment in sensory test is done by 10 testers based on color, color,
Firmness (moisture, elasticity) and flavor were evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 17 and 18, the administration group of Reference Example 1, the administration group of Reference Example 3, and the
The group administered with 0-224451 was superior to other administration groups in terms of sensory tests and yield rate, and the effect of improving meat quality was observed. In particular, the administration group of Reference Example 1 was effective.
【表１７】[Table 17]
【表１８】[Table 18]
【００４１】実施例１０ ウシにおける乳量・乳質の
改善
分娩直後の乳牛（ホルスタイン種；平均４産）１０頭を
１群とし、実施例１と同様の投与群を設け、給与飼料を
１月間自由採食させ、給与後における乳量および乳質に
及ぼす効果を調査した。添加する各セレン含有物のセレ
ン濃度は表１９に示した。対照群の給与飼料としては、
ニューパスチャー（雪印種苗株製）を用いた。乳量の評
価は乳量を測定することにより行い、乳質の評価は乳脂
率および乳体細胞数にて行った。乳体細胞数については
、検体を光学顕微鏡により検鏡し、乳汁１ｍｌ当たりの
乳体細胞数を測定し、ａ；０〜３万コ、ｂ；３万〜１０
万コ、ｃ；１０万〜１００万コ、ｄ；１００万コ以上に
分類した。その結果は表１９および表２０に示される通
り、参考例１の投与群および参考例３の投与群ならびに
特開昭６０−２２４４５１の投与群においては他の投与
群に比べて、乳量の増加および乳脂率の増加・乳体細胞
数の減少が認められ、乳量・乳質の改善効果を認めた。
特に、参考例１の投与群が有効であった。Example 10 Improving milk yield and milk quality in cows A group of 10 dairy cows (Holstein breed; average of 4 births) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and fed freely for one month. The effect on milk yield and milk quality after feeding was investigated. The selenium concentration of each selenium-containing substance added is shown in Table 19. The feed for the control group was:
New Pasture (manufactured by Snow Brand Seed Co., Ltd.) was used. Milk production was evaluated by measuring milk volume, and milk quality was evaluated by milk fat percentage and milk body cell number. Regarding the number of milk body cells, the specimen was examined using an optical microscope and the number of milk body cells per ml of milk was measured.
C: 100,000 to 1,000,000, d: 1,000,000 or more. As shown in Tables 19 and 20, the results showed that the milk production increased in the administration group of Reference Example 1, the administration group of Reference Example 3, and the administration group of JP-A-60-224451 compared to other administration groups. An increase in milk fat percentage and a decrease in milk body cell number were observed, and an improvement effect on milk quantity and milk quality was observed. In particular, the administration group of Reference Example 1 was effective.
【表１９】[Table 19]
【表２０】[Table 20]
【００４２】実施例１１ ニワトリにおける突然
死の予防
初生雛のブロイラ−（銘柄；アーバーエーカー）１００
０羽を１群とし、実施例１と同様の投与群を設け、給与
飼料を２月間不断給与させ、給与中の突然死に及ぼす効
果を調査した。添加する各セレン含有物のセレン濃度は
表２１に示した。対照群の給与飼料としては、給与開始
から１月間は、ブロイラー肥育前期用標準飼料ＳＤＢ
Ｎｏ．１（日本配合飼料株製）を用い、残りの期間は
ブロイラー肥育後期用標準飼料ＳＤＢ Ｎｏ．２（日
本配合飼料株製）を用いた。その結果は表２１に示され
る通り、参考例１の投与群および参考例３の投与群なら
びに特開昭６０−２２４４５１の投与群においては他の
投与群に比べて、突然死が少なく突然死の予防効果が認
められた。特に、参考例１の投与群が有効であった。Example 11 Prevention of sudden death in chickens Broiler chickens (brand name: Arbor Acre) 100
The same administration group as in Example 1 was established, with 0 birds as one group, and feed was fed ad libitum for two months, and the effect on sudden death during feeding was investigated. The selenium concentration of each selenium-containing substance added is shown in Table 21. For the control group, the standard feed for early stage fattening of broilers, SDB, was used for one month from the start of feeding.
No. 1 (manufactured by Nippon Mixed Feed Co., Ltd.), and for the rest of the period, standard feed SDB No. 1 for the latter stages of broiler fattening was used. 2 (manufactured by Nippon Compound Feed Co., Ltd.) was used. As shown in Table 21, the results showed that the administration group of Reference Example 1, the administration group of Reference Example 3, and the administration group of JP-A-60-224451 had fewer sudden deaths than other administration groups. A preventive effect was observed. In particular, the administration group of Reference Example 1 was effective.
【表２１】[Table 21]
【００４３】[0043]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、グルタチオンパーオキ
シダーゼ活性を増強させる家畜・家禽用組成物を提供す
ることができる。また、家畜用高セレン含有乳泌乳剤、
家畜・家禽用繁殖率改善剤、家畜・家禽用肉質改善剤、
家畜用乳量・乳質改善剤、家畜・家禽用突然死予防剤を
提供することができる。According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a composition for livestock and poultry that enhances glutathione peroxidase activity. In addition, high selenium-containing milk lactation for livestock,
Reproduction rate improving agent for livestock and poultry, meat quality improving agent for livestock and poultry,
It is possible to provide a milk yield and milk quality improving agent for livestock, and a sudden death preventive agent for livestock and poultry.
Claims (24)
ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体である高分子化セレン含有菌体を有効
成分とするグルタチオンパーオキシダーゼ活性を増強さ
せる家畜・家禽用組成物。Claim 1: Selenium concentration inside the bacteria is 500-3000
A composition for livestock and poultry that enhances glutathione peroxidase activity, the active ingredient being polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells that are ppm/dry microbial cells.
マイセス属に属する微生物の菌体である請求項１記載の
組成物。2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells are microorganisms belonging to the genus Saccharomyces.
セレンを菌体内に蓄積することのできる微生物の菌体を
、セレンの高分子化基質である有機化合物および水溶性
セレン化合物を含有する水溶液に、該菌体がバイオロジ
カルスペース以上の菌体濃度となるように分散せしめ、
該菌体に高分子化セレンを蓄積せしめた高分子化セレン
含有菌体である請求項１記載の組成物。3. The polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells contain microorganisms that can accumulate polymerized selenium in the bacterial cells, and contain organic compounds and water-soluble selenium compounds that are polymerization substrates for selenium. Disperse the bacterial cells in an aqueous solution such that the bacterial cell concentration is higher than the biological space,
The composition according to claim 1, which is a microbial cell containing polymerized selenium in which polymerized selenium is accumulated in the bacterial cell.
由来するセレン濃度が０．０５〜０．５ｐｐｍである請
求項１記載の組成物。4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of selenium derived from polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells in the composition is 0.05 to 0.5 ppm.
ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体である高分子化セレン含有菌体を有効
成分とする家畜用高セレン含有乳泌乳剤。Claim 5: The selenium concentration inside the bacteria is 500 to 3000.
A high selenium-containing lactation emulsion for livestock that contains polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells, which are ppm/dry microbial cells, as an active ingredient.
マイセス属に属する微生物の菌体である請求項５記載の
高セレン含有乳泌乳剤。6. The high selenium-containing lactating emulsion according to claim 5, wherein the polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells are microorganisms belonging to the genus Saccharomyces.
セレンを菌体内に蓄積することのできる微生物の菌体を
、セレンの高分子化基質である有機化合物および水溶性
セレン化合物を含有する水溶液に、該菌体がバイオロジ
カルスペース以上の菌体濃度となるように分散せしめ、
該菌体に高分子化セレンを蓄積せしめた高分子化セレン
含有菌体である請求項５記載の高セレン含有乳泌乳剤。7. The polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells contain microorganisms capable of accumulating polymerized selenium in the bacterial cells, an organic compound that is a polymerization substrate for selenium, and a water-soluble selenium compound. Disperse the bacterial cells in an aqueous solution such that the bacterial cell concentration is higher than the biological space,
The high selenium-containing lactating emulsion according to claim 5, which is a microbial cell containing polymerized selenium in which polymerized selenium is accumulated.
由来するセレン濃度が０．０５〜０．５ｐｐｍである請
求項５記載の高セレン含有乳泌乳剤。8. The high selenium-containing lactation emulsion according to claim 5, wherein the selenium concentration derived from polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells in the composition is 0.05 to 0.5 ppm.
ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体である高分子化セレン含有菌体を有効
成分とする家畜・家禽用繁殖率改善剤。Claim 9: The selenium concentration inside the bacteria is 500 to 3000.
A reproductive rate improving agent for livestock and poultry that contains polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells, which are ppm/dry microbial cells, as an active ingredient.
ロマイセス属に属する微生物の菌体である請求項９記載
の繁殖率改善剤。10. The reproduction rate improving agent according to claim 9, wherein the polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells are microorganisms belonging to the genus Saccharomyces.
化セレンを菌体内に蓄積することのできる微生物の菌体
を、セレンの高分子化基質である有機化合物および水溶
性セレン化合物を含有する水溶液に、該菌体がバイオロ
ジカルスペース以上の菌体濃度となるように分散せしめ
、該菌体に高分子化セレンを蓄積せしめた高分子化セレ
ン含有菌体である請求項９記載の繁殖率改善剤。11. The polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells contain microorganisms that can accumulate polymerized selenium in the bacterial cells, and contain organic compounds and water-soluble selenium compounds that are polymerization substrates for selenium. 10. The propagation according to claim 9, wherein the bacterial cells are polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells that are dispersed in an aqueous solution such that the bacterial cell concentration is higher than the biological space, and polymerized selenium is accumulated in the bacterial cells. rate improver.
に由来するセレン濃度が０．０５〜０．５ｐｐｍである
請求項９記載の繁殖率改善剤。12. The reproduction rate improving agent according to claim 9, wherein the selenium concentration derived from polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells in the composition is 0.05 to 0.5 ppm.
０ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体である高分子化セレン含有菌体を有
効成分とする家畜・家禽用肉質改善剤。Claim 13: The selenium concentration inside the bacteria is 500 to 300.
A meat quality improving agent for livestock and poultry that contains polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells that are 0 ppm/dry microbial cells as an active ingredient.
ロマイセス属に属する微生物の菌体である請求項１３記
載の肉質改善剤。14. The meat quality improving agent according to claim 13, wherein the polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells are microorganisms belonging to the genus Saccharomyces.
化セレンを菌体内に蓄積することのできる微生物の菌体
を、セレンの高分子化基質である有機化合物および水溶
性セレン化合物を含有する水溶液に、該菌体がバイオロ
ジカルスペース以上の菌体濃度となるように分散せしめ
、該菌体に高分子化セレンを蓄積せしめた高分子化セレ
ン含有菌体である請求項１３記載の肉質改善剤。15. The polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells contain microorganisms capable of accumulating polymerized selenium in the bacterial cells, and contain organic compounds and water-soluble selenium compounds that are polymerization substrates for selenium. 14. The flesh quality according to claim 13, wherein the bacterial cells are polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells that are dispersed in an aqueous solution such that the bacterial cell concentration is higher than the biological space, and polymerized selenium is accumulated in the bacterial cells. Improver.
に由来するセレン濃度が０．０５〜０．５ｐｐｍである
請求項１３記載の肉質改善剤。16. The meat quality improving agent according to claim 13, wherein the selenium concentration derived from polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells in the composition is 0.05 to 0.5 ppm.
０ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体である高分子化セレン含有菌体を有
効成分とする家畜用乳量・乳質改善剤。Claim 17: The selenium concentration inside the bacteria is 500 to 300.
A milk yield/milk quality improving agent for livestock that contains polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells that are 0 ppm/dry microbial cells as an active ingredient.
ロマイセス属に属する微生物の菌体である請求項１７記
載の乳量・乳質改善剤。18. The milk yield/milk quality improving agent according to claim 17, wherein the polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells are microorganisms belonging to the genus Saccharomyces.
化セレンを菌体内に蓄積することのできる微生物の菌体
を、セレンの高分子化基質である有機化合物および水溶
性セレン化合物を含有する水溶液に、該菌体がバイオロ
ジカルスペース以上の菌体濃度となるように分散せしめ
、該菌体に高分子化セレンを蓄積せしめた高分子化セレ
ン含有菌体である請求項１７記載の乳量・乳質改善剤。19. The polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells contain microorganisms capable of accumulating polymerized selenium in the bacterial cells, and contain organic compounds and water-soluble selenium compounds that are polymerization substrates for selenium. The milk according to claim 17, wherein the bacterial cells are polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells that are dispersed in an aqueous solution containing polymerized selenium so that the bacterial cell concentration is higher than the biological space. Quantity/milk quality improver.
に由来するセレン濃度が０．０５〜０．５ｐｐｍである
請求項１７記載の乳量・乳質改善剤。20. The milk yield/milk quality improving agent according to claim 17, wherein the selenium concentration derived from polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells in the composition is 0.05 to 0.5 ppm.
０ｐｐｍ／乾燥菌体である高分子化セレン含有菌体を有
効成分とする家畜・家禽用突然死予防剤。Claim 21: The selenium concentration inside the bacteria is 500 to 300.
A sudden death preventive agent for livestock and poultry containing polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells that are 0 ppm/dry microbial cells as an active ingredient.
ロマイセス属に属する微生物の菌体である請求項２１記
載の突然死予防剤。22. The agent for preventing sudden death according to claim 21, wherein the polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells are bacterial cells of a microorganism belonging to the genus Saccharomyces.
化セレンを菌体内に蓄積することのできる微生物の菌体
を、セレンの高分子化基質である有機化合物および水溶
性セレン化合物を含有する水溶液に、該菌体がバイオロ
ジカルスペース以上の菌体濃度となるように分散せしめ
、該菌体に高分子化セレンを蓄積せしめた高分子化セレ
ン含有菌体である請求項２１記載の突然死予防剤。23. The polymerized selenium-containing microbial cells contain microorganisms capable of accumulating polymerized selenium in the bacterial cells, and contain organic compounds and water-soluble selenium compounds that are polymerization substrates for selenium. 22. The sudden release according to claim 21, wherein the bacterial cells are polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells that are dispersed in an aqueous solution such that the bacterial cell concentration is higher than the biological space, and polymerized selenium is accumulated in the bacterial cells. Death prevention agent.
に由来するセレン濃度が０．０５〜０．５ｐｐｍである
請求項２１記載の突然死予防剤。24. The agent for preventing sudden death according to claim 21, wherein the concentration of selenium derived from polymerized selenium-containing bacterial cells in the composition is 0.05 to 0.5 ppm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3019381A JPH04237468A (en) | 1991-01-18 | 1991-01-18 | Use of polymerized selenium-containing microbial cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3019381A JPH04237468A (en) | 1991-01-18 | 1991-01-18 | Use of polymerized selenium-containing microbial cell |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9244034A Division JPH1070960A (en) | 1997-09-09 | 1997-09-09 | Use of selenium-containing microbial cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04237468A true JPH04237468A (en) | 1992-08-25 |
Family
ID=11997736
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3019381A Pending JPH04237468A (en) | 1991-01-18 | 1991-01-18 | Use of polymerized selenium-containing microbial cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04237468A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0913095A4 (en) * | 1996-07-08 | 2000-02-23 | Tomoya Aoyama | Feed composition for poultry |
-
1991
- 1991-01-18 JP JP3019381A patent/JPH04237468A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0913095A4 (en) * | 1996-07-08 | 2000-02-23 | Tomoya Aoyama | Feed composition for poultry |
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