JPH04235300A - Surface treatment of stainless steel - Google Patents
Surface treatment of stainless steelInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04235300A JPH04235300A JP140691A JP140691A JPH04235300A JP H04235300 A JPH04235300 A JP H04235300A JP 140691 A JP140691 A JP 140691A JP 140691 A JP140691 A JP 140691A JP H04235300 A JPH04235300 A JP H04235300A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- stainless steel
- corrosion resistance
- phosphoric acid
- treatment
- trioxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229940117975 chromium trioxide Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+6] GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PYRZPBDTPRQYKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CCCC1 PYRZPBDTPRQYKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 39
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 39
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012733 comparative method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はステンレス鋼板に電解処
理を施すことにより、ステンレス鋼の耐食性を飛躍的に
向上させる方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for dramatically improving the corrosion resistance of stainless steel by electrolytically treating a stainless steel plate.
【0002】0002
【従来の技術】本発明法は、ステンレス鋼の光沢、色調
を保持したまま電気化学的な表面処理によって、鋼板の
耐食性を向上させるものであり、これに類した従来の技
術としては、光輝焼鈍材に対する硝酸電解処理、あるい
は硫酸と三酸化クロムを用いたクロムメッキ、等の方法
がある。この内、硝酸電解処理は低コストである一方で
、耐食性向上の効果はあるものの顕著な耐食性の向上が
得られる方法ではなく、クロムメッキについては充分な
耐食性向上の効果が得られるものの、多量の薬液と電力
を必要とし生産性に極めて劣る欠点を持つ。[Prior Art] The method of the present invention improves the corrosion resistance of steel sheets by electrochemical surface treatment while maintaining the luster and color tone of stainless steel. Similar conventional techniques include bright annealing. Methods include nitric acid electrolytic treatment of the material, or chrome plating using sulfuric acid and chromium trioxide. Among these, nitric acid electrolytic treatment is low cost, but although it has the effect of improving corrosion resistance, it is not a method that significantly improves corrosion resistance.As for chrome plating, although it has the effect of improving corrosion resistance sufficiently, it requires a large amount of It has the disadvantage of extremely low productivity as it requires chemical solutions and electricity.
【0003】0003
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来、ステンレス鋼が
建材、装飾品等に用いられる場合に要求される耐食性は
、主に中性環境における塩害に対するものであったが、
近年の酸性雨等の問題に伴って、酸性環境での高耐食性
を求められるようになりつつある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Conventionally, the corrosion resistance required when stainless steel is used for building materials, decorative items, etc. was mainly against salt damage in a neutral environment.
Due to recent problems such as acid rain, there is a growing demand for high corrosion resistance in acidic environments.
【0004】このような、製造コストの問題と耐酸性に
対する問題を解決しようと努力した方法としては、特公
昭59−12755に、リン酸、クロム酸等を含有する
液中で陰極処理した後、リン酸、モリブデン酸塩を含有
する液中で陰極処理する方法が開示されている。ただし
この方法での問題点は、耐食性が充分と言えないことと
、二つの液を用いるので生産性が若干劣ることにある。[0004] As a method in which efforts have been made to solve the problems of manufacturing cost and acid resistance, Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-12755 discloses that after cathodic treatment in a solution containing phosphoric acid, chromic acid, etc., A method of cathodic treatment in a solution containing phosphoric acid and molybdate is disclosed. However, the problems with this method are that the corrosion resistance is not sufficient and that productivity is slightly inferior because two liquids are used.
【0005】本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の問題点を
解決するもので、中性環境および酸性環境での耐食性に
優れたステンレス鋼を効率的に製造する方法を提供する
ことにある。An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and to provide a method for efficiently producing stainless steel that has excellent corrosion resistance in neutral and acidic environments.
【0006】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の要旨は以下の通
りである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The gist of the present invention is as follows.
【0007】ステンレス鋼製品の使用環境が中性の場合
は、三酸化クロム+リン酸溶液中で、酸性の場合は、三
酸化モリブデン+リン酸溶液中で、両方の環境に股がる
場合は三酸化クロム+三酸化モリブデン+リン酸溶液中
で陽極処理に次いで陰極処理を行うことにより充分な耐
食性を存するステンレス鋼が得られる。[0007] If the environment in which the stainless steel product is used is neutral, it should be used in a chromium trioxide + phosphoric acid solution, if it is acidic, it should be used in a molybdenum trioxide + phosphoric acid solution, and if it is used in both environments, it should be used in a solution of chromium trioxide and phosphoric acid. Stainless steel having sufficient corrosion resistance can be obtained by performing anodization followed by cathodic treatment in a solution of chromium trioxide + molybdenum trioxide + phosphoric acid.
【0008】この時、三酸化モリブデンおよび三酸化ク
ロムの濃度は1〜300g/l、リン酸の濃度は5〜3
00g/l、液温は0〜90℃、電気量は2〜300A
sec/dm2 の条件で陰陽極処理を行なう。At this time, the concentration of molybdenum trioxide and chromium trioxide is 1 to 300 g/l, and the concentration of phosphoric acid is 5 to 3
00g/l, liquid temperature 0~90℃, electricity amount 2~300A
Cathode and anodic treatment is performed under the conditions of sec/dm2.
【0009】[0009]
【作用】以下に本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。[Operation] The present invention will be explained in more detail below.
【0010】本発明者は、ステンレス鋼を種々の金属イ
オンを含有する溶液中で陰極処理し、pHが5〜9の中
性環境およびpHが5未満の酸性環境における耐食性に
およぼす効果を調査したところ、中性環境ではCr、酸
性環境ではMoが著しく耐食性を向上させる知見を得た
。耐食性向上のメカニズムは不明であるが、溶液への添
加方法はMoは三酸化モリブデンが、Crは三酸化クロ
ムによる添加が最も耐食性向上の効果が顕著である。
さらに三酸化モリブデンと三酸化クロムを共に添加した
溶液中では中性環境、酸性環境の両方で優れた耐食性が
得られることが判った。The present inventor cathodically treated stainless steel in a solution containing various metal ions and investigated the effect on corrosion resistance in a neutral environment with a pH of 5 to 9 and in an acidic environment with a pH of less than 5. However, it has been found that Cr in a neutral environment and Mo in an acidic environment significantly improve corrosion resistance. Although the mechanism of improving corrosion resistance is unknown, the most significant effect of improving corrosion resistance is when Mo is added to the solution using molybdenum trioxide and Cr is added using chromium trioxide. Furthermore, it was found that excellent corrosion resistance was obtained in both neutral and acidic environments in a solution containing both molybdenum trioxide and chromium trioxide.
【0011】金属イオンを陰極処理する場合、水の他に
電解質を加える必要があり、三酸化モリブデンあるいは
三酸化クロムと硫酸、塩酸、リン酸あるいは硝酸等との
溶液で、耐食性におよぼす効果を調査した結果、いずれ
の場合も良好な効果が得られるが、このなかでリン酸に
よる場合が最も優れていることが明らかとなった。When metal ions are cathodically treated, it is necessary to add an electrolyte in addition to water, and the effect on corrosion resistance was investigated using a solution of molybdenum trioxide or chromium trioxide and sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, etc. As a result, it was found that although good effects were obtained in all cases, the use of phosphoric acid was the most excellent.
【0012】さらに、このような電気化学的な処理は、
基本的には金属イオンを鋼板上に析出させるために陰極
処理により行われるが、リン酸を用いた場合の特徴は、
陰極処理と陽極処理を組み合わせることによりさらに耐
食性が向上することである。この理由についても不明で
あるが、鋼板表面の耐食性に有害な介在物が溶出するか
、あるいは光輝焼鈍の場合に生成する耐食性に有害なM
n系酸化物を除去するためではないかと考えられる。Furthermore, such electrochemical treatment
Basically, cathodic treatment is used to precipitate metal ions onto the steel plate, but the characteristics of using phosphoric acid are as follows:
Corrosion resistance is further improved by combining cathodic treatment and anodic treatment. The reason for this is unknown, but inclusions harmful to the corrosion resistance of the steel sheet surface may be eluted, or M, which is harmful to the corrosion resistance, may be generated during bright annealing.
It is thought that this is to remove n-based oxides.
【0013】なお陰極処理と陽極処理の順番は、陰極処
理後に陽極処理を行うと、陰極処理で生成する皮膜を破
壊するので、陽極処理→陰極処理の順で行うことが好ま
しい。また、陰極処理と陽極処理でのそれぞれの電気量
は、本発明で限定した適正範囲の中にあればよく、必ず
しも同一である必要はない。[0013] The order of cathodic treatment and anodic treatment is preferably that of anodizing and then cathodic treatment, since if anodizing is performed after cathodic treatment, the film formed by cathodic treatment will be destroyed. Furthermore, the amounts of electricity in each of the cathodic treatment and the anodic treatment do not necessarily have to be the same, as long as they are within the appropriate ranges defined in the present invention.
【0014】以上説明したように、ステンレス鋼製品の
使用環境が中性の場合は、三酸化クロム+リン酸溶液中
で、酸性の場合は、三酸化モリブデン+リン酸溶液中で
、両方の環境に股がる場合は三酸化クロム+三酸化モリ
ブデン+リン酸溶液中で陽極処理→陰極処理を行うこと
により充分な耐食性が得られる。As explained above, when the environment in which stainless steel products are used is neutral, it is used in a chromium trioxide + phosphoric acid solution, and when it is acidic, it is used in a molybdenum trioxide + phosphoric acid solution. If the corrosion resistance is mixed, sufficient corrosion resistance can be obtained by performing anodic treatment and then cathodic treatment in a chromium trioxide + molybdenum trioxide + phosphoric acid solution.
【0015】次に本発明の構成要件の限定理由について
述べる。Next, the reasons for limiting the constituent elements of the present invention will be described.
【0016】三酸化モリブデンの溶液への添加量を1〜
300g/lに限定した理由は、1g/l未満では耐食
性向上に充分な皮膜が生成せず、300g/lを超える
と耐食性向上の効果が飽和し、かつ鋼板が黄色に変色す
るので三酸化モリブデンの溶液への添加量を1〜300
g/lに限定した。[0016] The amount of molybdenum trioxide added to the solution is 1 to
The reason for limiting the amount to 300 g/l is that if it is less than 1 g/l, a film sufficient to improve corrosion resistance will not be formed, and if it exceeds 300 g/l, the effect of improving corrosion resistance will be saturated and the steel plate will turn yellow. The amount added to the solution of 1 to 300
g/l.
【0017】三酸化クロムの溶液への添加量を1〜30
0g/lに限定した理由は、1g/l未満では耐食性向
上に充分な皮膜が生成せず、300g/lを超えると耐
食性向上の効果が飽和し、かつ鋼板が色々な色に変色す
るので三酸化クロムの溶液への添加量を1〜300g/
lに限定した。[0017] The amount of chromium trioxide added to the solution is 1 to 30%.
The reason why it is limited to 0 g/l is that if it is less than 1 g/l, a film sufficient to improve corrosion resistance will not be formed, and if it exceeds 300 g/l, the effect of improving corrosion resistance will be saturated and the steel plate will discolor in various colors. The amount of chromium oxide added to the solution is 1 to 300 g/
limited to l.
【0018】リン酸を5〜300g/lに限定した理由
は、5g/l未満では充分な耐食性向上の効果が得られ
ず、300g/lを超えると耐食性向上の効果が飽和す
るのでリン酸の溶液への添加量を5〜300g/lに限
定した。The reason for limiting the amount of phosphoric acid to 5 to 300 g/l is that if it is less than 5 g/l, a sufficient effect of improving corrosion resistance cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 300 g/l, the effect of improving corrosion resistance is saturated. The amount added to the solution was limited to 5-300 g/l.
【0019】液温を0〜90℃に限定した理由は、0℃
未満では耐食性向上に充分な皮膜が生成せず、90℃超
では生成する皮膜が厚くなり鋼板が変色するので液温を
0〜90℃に限定した。[0019] The reason why the liquid temperature is limited to 0 to 90°C is that 0°C
If it is less than 90°C, a film sufficient to improve corrosion resistance will not be formed, and if it exceeds 90°C, the film formed will become thick and the steel plate will discolor, so the liquid temperature was limited to 0 to 90°C.
【0020】陽極処理および陰極処理を行う電気量を2
〜300Asec/dm2 に限定した理由は、2As
ec/dm2 未満では耐食性向上に充分な皮膜が生成
せず、300Asec/dm2 超では生成する皮膜が
厚くなり鋼板が変色するので陽極処理および陰極処理を
行う電気量を2〜300Asec/dm2 に限定した
。[0020] The amount of electricity for anodic treatment and cathodic treatment is 2.
The reason for limiting it to ~300Asec/dm2 is 2Asec/dm2.
If it is less than ec/dm2, a film sufficient to improve corrosion resistance will not be formed, and if it exceeds 300 Asec/dm2, the film formed will be thick and the steel plate will change color. .
【0021】陰陽極処理の順序を定めた理由は、陰極処
理後に陽極処理を行うと、陰極処理で生成する皮膜を破
壊し、陽極処理を先に行った場合に比べて耐食性が劣る
ので、陽極処理に引き続き陰極処理することを限定した
。The reason for determining the order of cathodic and anodic treatment is that if anodized treatment is performed after cathodic treatment, the film formed by cathodic treatment will be destroyed and the corrosion resistance will be inferior to when anodized treatment is performed first. It was limited to cathodic treatment following the treatment.
【0022】[0022]
【実施例】次に本発明を実施例に基づいて具体的に説明
する。EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be specifically explained based on examples.
【0023】(実施例1)ステンレス鋼素材としてJI
S規格のSUS304とSUS430を光輝焼鈍した鋼
板に対し表1の条件での電気化学的処理を行った後、水
洗、乾燥処理を行い、それらに対して表2の条件での腐
食試験を行った。腐食試験後、発銹面積率を測定するこ
とによって耐食性を評価した。耐食性、表面性状におよ
ぼす電気化学的処理条件の影響を表3、4に示す。表3
、4から本発明法は、比較法に比べて、耐食性、光沢お
よび色調の点で優れていることがわかる。(Example 1) JI as a stainless steel material
Brightly annealed S-standard SUS304 and SUS430 steel plates were electrochemically treated under the conditions in Table 1, washed with water, dried, and then subjected to corrosion tests under the conditions in Table 2. . After the corrosion test, corrosion resistance was evaluated by measuring the rusting area ratio. Tables 3 and 4 show the effects of electrochemical treatment conditions on corrosion resistance and surface texture. Table 3
, 4, it can be seen that the method of the present invention is superior to the comparative method in terms of corrosion resistance, gloss, and color tone.
【0024】[0024]
【表1】[Table 1]
【0025】[0025]
【表2】[Table 2]
【0026】[0026]
【表3】[Table 3]
【0027】[0027]
【表4】[Table 4]
【0028】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上の如く本発明に従えば、ステンレス
鋼に電気化学的処理を施すことによって、過酷な酸性環
境における腐食から中性環境における腐食まで、広い範
囲での使用可能な高耐食性鋼板を製造することができ、
従ってその工業的効果は極めて大きい。As described above, according to the present invention, by subjecting stainless steel to electrochemical treatment, a highly corrosion-resistant steel plate can be produced that can be used in a wide range of environments, from corrosion in harsh acidic environments to corrosion in neutral environments. can be manufactured,
Therefore, its industrial effects are extremely large.
Claims (3)
〜300g/lおよびリン酸5〜300g/lを含む液
に浸漬して、陽極処理に引き続き陰極処理をそれぞれ液
温0〜90℃、電気量2〜300Asec/dm2 の
条件下で行うことを特徴とするステンレス鋼の表面処理
方法。[Claim 1] Stainless steel is made of molybdenum trioxide 1
It is characterized by being immersed in a solution containing ~300 g/l and phosphoric acid 5-300 g/l, and performing cathodic treatment following anode treatment under conditions of a liquid temperature of 0 to 90°C and an electricity amount of 2 to 300 Asec/dm2. Surface treatment method for stainless steel.
00g/lおよびリン酸5〜300g/lを含む液に浸
漬して、陽極処理に引き続き陰極処理をそれぞれ液温0
〜90℃、電気量2〜300Asec/dm2 の条件
下で行うことを特徴とするステンレス鋼の表面処理方法
。[Claim 2] Stainless steel is mixed with 1 to 3 chromium trioxide.
00 g/l and 5 to 300 g/l of phosphoric acid, and then anodized and then cathodized at a liquid temperature of 0.
A method for surface treatment of stainless steel, characterized in that it is carried out under the conditions of ~90°C and an electrical quantity of 2 to 300 Asec/dm2.
〜300g/l、三酸化クロム1〜300g/lおよび
リン酸5〜300g/lを含む液に浸漬して、陽極処理
に引き続き陰極処理をそれぞれ液温0〜90℃、電気量
2〜300Asec/dm2 の条件下で行うことを特
徴とするステンレス鋼の表面処理方法。[Claim 3] Stainless steel is made of molybdenum trioxide 1
~300g/l, chromium trioxide 1~300g/l, and phosphoric acid 5~300g/l, and then anodized and then cathodized at a liquid temperature of 0~90°C and an electricity amount of 2~300 Asec/l. A method for surface treatment of stainless steel, characterized in that it is carried out under conditions of dm2.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP140691A JPH04235300A (en) | 1991-01-10 | 1991-01-10 | Surface treatment of stainless steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP140691A JPH04235300A (en) | 1991-01-10 | 1991-01-10 | Surface treatment of stainless steel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04235300A true JPH04235300A (en) | 1992-08-24 |
Family
ID=11500612
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP140691A Withdrawn JPH04235300A (en) | 1991-01-10 | 1991-01-10 | Surface treatment of stainless steel |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH04235300A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070266540A1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-22 | Ishikawa Gasket Co., Ltd | Surface finishing method for stainless steel material and manufacturing method for metal gasket |
-
1991
- 1991-01-10 JP JP140691A patent/JPH04235300A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070266540A1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-22 | Ishikawa Gasket Co., Ltd | Surface finishing method for stainless steel material and manufacturing method for metal gasket |
US8333002B2 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2012-12-18 | Ishikawa Gasket Co., Ltd. | Surface finishing method for stainless steel material and manufacturing method for metal gasket |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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A300 | Application deemed to be withdrawn because no request for examination was validly filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 19980514 |