JPH04228717A - Ground filter material - Google Patents

Ground filter material

Info

Publication number
JPH04228717A
JPH04228717A JP3110503A JP11050391A JPH04228717A JP H04228717 A JPH04228717 A JP H04228717A JP 3110503 A JP3110503 A JP 3110503A JP 11050391 A JP11050391 A JP 11050391A JP H04228717 A JPH04228717 A JP H04228717A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
filter material
fibers
hollow
nonwoven fabric
ground filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP3110503A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Maubeuge Kent Von
ケント・フォン・マウボイゲ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoechst AG
Original Assignee
Hoechst AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Publication of JPH04228717A publication Critical patent/JPH04228717A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
    • D04H1/43914—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres hollow fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/12—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with filaments or yarns secured together by chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents, e.g. adhesives, applied or incorporated in liquid or solid form
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/10—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds for artificial surfaces for outdoor or indoor practice of snow or ice sports
    • E01C13/12—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds for artificial surfaces for outdoor or indoor practice of snow or ice sports for snow sports, e.g. skiing or ski tow track

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: To inexpensively manufacture a lightweight filter material for ground provided with a filter characteristic, size stability under load, breaking strength, broken point elongation, dynamic stress and a characteristic such as a friction coefficient for soil. CONSTITUTION: A filter material for ground comprises the non-woven fabric of a synthetic fiber or includes the non-woven fabric of the synthetic fiber, and at least a part of the synthetic fiber is a hollow fiber. The hollow part of the hollow fiber exists over the entire area of the length direction of the hollow fiber. The rate of the hollow part of the synthetic fiber is 3-40 vol.%, preferably 5-20 vol.%. The synthetic fiber comprises polyester, preferably polyethyleneterephtalate. The non-woven is span bond non-woven fabric joined mechanically.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

【０００１】0001

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、合成繊維の不織布から
成るか、または、合成繊維の不織布を含む地盤用フィル
ター材料であって、合成繊維の少なくとも一部が中空繊
維であるものに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ground filter material consisting of or containing a nonwoven fabric of synthetic fibers, wherein at least a portion of the synthetic fibers are hollow fibers.

【０００２】0002

【従来の技術】地盤用フィルターは、布状の構造を有し
ており、繊維材料から形成される。そして布状のフィル
ターとして土木工事に用いられている。そのようなフィ
ルターは地盤の侵食や地下水による地盤の移動を防ぎ、
水による侵食から地盤を保護する役目を有する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Ground filters have a cloth-like structure and are made of fibrous materials. It is also used in civil engineering work as a cloth-like filter. Such filters prevent soil erosion and ground movement caused by groundwater;
It has the role of protecting the ground from erosion by water.

【０００３】地盤用フィルターがフィルターとしての効
果を奏するためには、地盤用フィルターの敷設される地
盤の地質と適合する必要がある。すなわち、地盤用フィ
ルターの網目の大きさは、土粒子のうちの細かい成分が
通り抜けない程度であることが必要である。他方、地盤
用フィルターは水分の流通を妨げてはならず、場合によ
っては排水層として機能することも必要である。[0003] In order for a ground filter to be effective as a filter, it needs to be compatible with the geology of the ground on which it is installed. That is, the size of the mesh of the ground filter needs to be such that fine components of soil particles cannot pass through. On the other hand, the ground filter must not impede the flow of moisture and, in some cases, must also function as a drainage layer.

【０００４】したがって、地盤用フィルターには種々の
特性を兼ね備えることが必要とされる。そのような特性
は例えば、フィルター特性、荷重下での寸法安定性、破
壊強さ、破断点伸び、動的応力に対する応答性および土
に対しての摩擦係数である。また、フィルター自体およ
びフィルターの機械的特性が長期間安定であることも必
要である。更に、製造経費を節減するために、最小量の
繊維材料からフィルターを製造することも必要である。[0004] Therefore, a ground filter is required to have various characteristics. Such properties are, for example, filter properties, dimensional stability under load, breaking strength, elongation at break, response to dynamic stresses and coefficient of friction against soil. It is also necessary that the filter itself and its mechanical properties be stable over long periods of time. Furthermore, it is also necessary to manufacture filters from a minimum amount of fibrous material in order to save manufacturing costs.

【０００５】地盤用フィルターの寸法決めに関する詳細
な規定は、例えば　Ｆｏｒｓｃｈｕｎｇｓｇｅｓｅｌｌ
ｓｃｈａｆｔ　ｆｕｒ　ｓｔｒａｓｓｅｎ−　ｕｎｄ　
Ｖｅｒｋｅｈｒｓｗｅｓｅｎ（ｔｈｅ　Ｇｅｒｍａｎ　
Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ　Ｓｏｃｉｅｔｙ　ｆｏｒ　Ｒｏａｄ
　Ｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔ　ａｎｄＴｒａｆｆｉｃ）が発行
している”Ｍｅｒｋｂｌａｔｔｆｕｒ　ｄｉｅ　Ａｎｗ
ｅｎｄｕｎｇ　ｖｏｎ　Ｇｅｏｔｅｘｔｉｌｉｅｎ　ｉ
ｍ　Ｅｒｄｂａｕ”　（Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ　ｆｏｒ
　ｔｈｅ　ｕｓｅ　ｏｆｇｅｏｔｅｘｔｉｌｅｓ　ｉｎ
　ｃｉｖｉｌ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ）　ｓｅｃｔｉ
ｏｎ５．２　ｆｆ．　や　Ｂｕｎｄｅｓａｎｓｔａｌｔ
　ｆｕｒ　Ｗａｓｓｅｒｂａｕ（ｔｈｅ　Ｇｅｒｍａｎ
　Ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ　ｆｏｒ　ＷａｔｅｒＥｎｇｉｎ
ｅｅｒｉｎｇ）が発行している”Ｍｅｒｋｂｌａｔｔ　
Ａｎｗｅｎｄｕｎｇ　ｖｏｎ　Ｇｅｏｔｅｘｔｉｌｉｅ
ｎ　Ｆｉｌｔｅｒｎ　ａｎ　Ｗａｓｓｅｒｓｔｒａｓｓ
ｅｎ”（Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ　ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｉｎｇ
　ｔｈｅ　ｕｓｅ　ｏｆ　ｇｅｏｔｅｘｔｉｌｅ　ｆｉ
ｌｔｅｒｓ　ａｔ　ｗａｔｅｒｗａｙｓ）に記載されて
いる。Detailed regulations regarding the sizing of soil filters can be found, for example, in Forschungsgesell
schaft fur strassen- und
Verkehrswesen (the German
Research Society for Road
"Merkblattfur die Anw" published by Transport and Traffic
Endung von Geotextilien i
m Erdbau” (Directions for
the use of geotextiles in
civil engineering) section
on5.2 ff. ya Bundesanstalt
fur Wasserbau (the German)
Institute for Water Engine
"Merkblatt" published by
Anwendung von Geotextilie
n Filter an Wasserstrass
en” (Directions considering
the use of geotextile fi
lters at waterways).

【０００６】合成繊維は地盤用フィルター材料を製造す
る原料として特にふさわしいものである。合成繊維は土
中で腐食することがなく長期間安定だからである。特に
ふさわしいフィルター形成材料はスパンボンドである。 スパンボンドとはフィラメントウエブが接合された不織
布である。スパンボンドが地盤用フィルター材料として
ふさわしい理由は大きく分けて二つある。一つは、不織
布の製造費が非常に安価なためである。もう一つはフィ
ラメントがランダムに解繊されており機械的特性に等方
性があるためである。しかしながら、繊維をある好まし
い特定の方向に配列することによって、機械的特性に異
方性がある不織布を製造することも可能である。そのよ
うに製造した不織布には、例えばカード法不織布がある
。Synthetic fibers are particularly suitable as raw materials for producing ground filter materials. This is because synthetic fibers do not corrode in the soil and are stable for long periods of time. A particularly suitable filter-forming material is spunbond. Spunbond is a nonwoven fabric with filament webs bonded together. There are two main reasons why spunbond is suitable as a ground filter material. One reason is that the manufacturing cost of nonwoven fabrics is very low. The other reason is that the filaments are randomly opened and have isotropic mechanical properties. However, it is also possible to produce a nonwoven fabric with anisotropic mechanical properties by arranging the fibers in a certain preferred direction. Nonwoven fabrics produced in this manner include, for example, carded nonwoven fabrics.

【０００７】地盤用フィルター材料に要求される上述の
種々の特性を全て兼ね備えるウエブを、限られた範囲の
厚みの中で製造することは非常に困難である。地盤用フ
ィルターに特に必要とされる透水度と機械的強度を合わ
せ持つ地盤用フィルター材料を得るには、厚みを比較的
大きくする必要があり、その結果不織布の製造経費が高
くなってしまう。[0007] It is very difficult to produce a web that has all of the above-mentioned properties required for a ground filter material within a limited range of thickness. In order to obtain a ground filter material that has both water permeability and mechanical strength, which are particularly required for a ground filter, it is necessary to have a relatively large thickness, which results in high manufacturing costs for the nonwoven fabric.

【０００８】[0008]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記問題点に鑑み、本
発明は、フィルター特性、荷重下での寸法安定性、破壊
強さ、破断点伸び、動的応力に対する応答性および土に
対しての摩擦係数等の特性を兼ね備えた地盤用フィルタ
ー材料であって、軽量かつ安価に製造できるものを提供
することを目的とする。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to improve filter properties, dimensional stability under load, fracture strength, elongation at break, response to dynamic stress, and soil resistance. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a filter material for ground use that has characteristics such as a coefficient of friction and can be manufactured lightweight and inexpensively.

【０００９】[0009]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決すべく本
発明者は鋭意研究の結果、不織布の繊維材料に中空繊維
が含有されることによって低目付、省原料の不織布が製
造でき、かかる不織布がフィルター材料としての要求を
十分に満たすものであることを見い出した。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive research and found that by containing hollow fibers in the fiber material of non-woven fabrics, it is possible to produce non-woven fabrics with low basis weight and using less raw materials. It was found that the material satisfies the requirements as a filter material.

【００１０】すなわち、本発明のフィルター材料は、合
成繊維の不織布から成るか、または、合成繊維の不織布
を含む地盤用フィルター材料であって、合成繊維の少な
くとも一部が中空繊維であることを特徴とする。That is, the filter material of the present invention is a filter material for ground use that is made of a nonwoven fabric of synthetic fibers or contains a nonwoven fabric of synthetic fibers, and is characterized in that at least a portion of the synthetic fibers are hollow fibers. shall be.

【００１１】所望の特性を合わせ持つような不織布にお
ける中空繊維の割合は、場合によっては非常に小さくて
もよい。不織布を構成する合成繊維のうちの少なくとも
１０％が中空繊維であれば、本発明の地盤用フィルター
材料を経済的および技術的に有利に製造できる。しかし
ながら、一般には中空繊維を５０〜１００％の割合で含
有する不織布から成る地盤用フィルター材料を用いるこ
とが有利である。そして技術的要求が非常に高い場合に
は、中空繊維１００％から成る不織布を用いることが必
要なこともある。[0011] The proportion of hollow fibers in a nonwoven fabric that has the desired properties may be very small depending on the case. If at least 10% of the synthetic fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric are hollow fibers, the ground filter material of the present invention can be produced economically and technically advantageously. However, it is generally advantageous to use ground filter materials consisting of nonwoven fabrics containing 50 to 100% hollow fibers. If the technical requirements are very high, it may be necessary to use a nonwoven fabric made of 100% hollow fibers.

【００１２】本発明の地盤用フィルター材料として用い
られる不織布を形成する合成繊維の線密度は、地盤用フ
ィルター材料として通常用いられる繊維の線密度の範囲
である。したがって、線密度は一般に０．５〜５０ｄｔ
ｅｘであり、好ましくは２〜２０ｄｔｅｘの範囲である
。The linear density of the synthetic fibers forming the nonwoven fabric used as the ground filter material of the present invention is within the range of the linear density of fibers commonly used as ground filter materials. Therefore, the linear density is generally 0.5 to 50 dt
ex, preferably in the range of 2 to 20 dtex.

【００１３】場合によっては異なる線密度の繊維を混合
して使用してもよい。特に中空繊維の割合が１００％で
ない不織布の場合には、中空繊維と中空でない繊維とが
、異なる線密度を有していてもよい。合成繊維は連続フ
ィラメント、またはステープルファイバーのいずれでも
よい。ステープルファイバーを用いる場合にはステープ
ル長が２〜２０ｃｍであることが有利である。しかしな
がら、連続フィラメントおよびステープルファイバーの
双方を含有する不織布を使用することも勿論可能である
。例えば、所望の特性を合わせ持つようにするために、
連続フィラメントから成る不織布に中空ステープルファ
イバーを適当な割合でブレンドしてもよい。[0013] Depending on the case, fibers of different linear densities may be mixed and used. Particularly in the case of a nonwoven fabric in which the proportion of hollow fibers is not 100%, the hollow fibers and the non-hollow fibers may have different linear densities. Synthetic fibers may be either continuous filaments or staple fibers. When using staple fibers, it is advantageous for the staple length to be between 2 and 20 cm. However, it is of course also possible to use non-woven fabrics containing both continuous filaments and staple fibers. For example, in order to have the desired characteristics,
Hollow staple fibers may be blended into a nonwoven fabric consisting of continuous filaments in appropriate proportions.

【００１４】また、中空のステープルファイバーおよび
中空でないステープルファイバーの混合物から、ステー
プルファイバーウエブの不織布を製造することも勿論可
能である。It is of course also possible to produce nonwoven staple fiber webs from a mixture of hollow and solid staple fibers.

【００１５】本発明の地盤用フィルター材料に用いられ
る不織布を構成する合成繊維は、一またはそれ以上の中
空部分を有していてもよい。中空部分は繊維の長さ方向
に沿って存在しており、短いか、若しくは非常に短い長
さだけ存在していてもよく、または繊維の全域にわたっ
て存在していてもよい。したがって、本発明の目的のた
めの中空繊維は、発泡繊維のみならず、一若しくはそれ
以上の中空部分を繊維の長さ方向の大部分にわたって、
または全域にわたって有する中空繊維を包含するもので
ある。The synthetic fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric used in the ground filter material of the present invention may have one or more hollow portions. The hollow portions are present along the length of the fiber and may be present for short or very short lengths or may be present throughout the length of the fiber. Therefore, hollow fibers for the purposes of the present invention are not only foamed fibers, but also have one or more hollow portions extending over most of the length of the fibers.
Or it includes hollow fibers having the entire area.

【００１６】合成繊維に含まれる中空部分の割合は重要
な要素である。本発明の地盤用フィルター材料として用
いられる不織布を構成する合成繊維の中空部分の割合は
３〜４０容量％、好ましくは５〜２０容量％である。The proportion of hollow parts contained in synthetic fibers is an important factor. The proportion of the hollow portions of the synthetic fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric used as the ground filter material of the present invention is 3 to 40% by volume, preferably 5 to 20% by volume.

【００１７】本発明の地盤用フィルター材料に用いられ
る合成繊維としてふさわしいものは、一般に可紡性のポ
リアミド、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンまたはポリエ
ステルである。ポリエステルから成る合成繊維を用いる
ことが好ましく、特にポリエチレンテレフタレートを用
いることが好ましい。Suitable synthetic fibers for use in the ground filter material of the invention are generally spinnable polyamides, polyethylenes, polypropylenes or polyesters. It is preferable to use synthetic fibers made of polyester, and it is particularly preferable to use polyethylene terephthalate.

【００１８】本発明の地盤用フィルター材料として用い
られる不織布は、公知の種々の方法によって本質的に接
合される。例えば、結合剤によってウエブを接合できる
。すなわち、ウエブに結合剤を浸漬し、次いで結合剤を
硬化してウエブを接合する。また、結合剤は、粉状もし
くはフィラメント状の熱溶融性結合剤であってもよい。 この場合、このような結合剤はウエブに混合され、熱に
よって溶融しウエブを接合して不織布が形成される。[0018] The nonwoven fabric used as the ground filter material of the present invention is essentially bonded by various known methods. For example, the webs can be joined by a bonding agent. That is, the webs are immersed in a binder and then the binder is cured to join the webs. Further, the binder may be a powdery or filamentous hot-melt binder. In this case, such a binder is mixed into the web and melted by heat, joining the web to form a nonwoven fabric.

【００１９】ウエブを接合して不織布となすには、更に
カレンダー加工を用いることもできる。この場合、フィ
ラメントは部分的に機械的に絡合し、フィラメントの交
差点で接着される。Calendering can also be used to join the webs to form a nonwoven fabric. In this case, the filaments are partially mechanically entangled and glued at the intersections of the filaments.

【００２０】本発明の地盤用フィルター材料が、機械的
に接合された不織布から成ることが特に有利である。本
発明の目的のために行われるウエブの機械的な接合法は
、例えばニードリングまたはＥＰ−Ａ−０　１０８　６
２１の実施例に記載されているようなハイドロメカニカ
ル法である。 ウエブが機械的に接合された不織布は、地盤との適合性
が特に優れている。It is particularly advantageous for the ground filter material of the invention to consist of a mechanically bonded non-woven fabric. Mechanical joining methods of the web carried out for the purposes of the invention are, for example, needling or EP-A-0 108 6
It is a hydromechanical method as described in Example 21. Nonwoven fabrics whose webs are mechanically bonded have particularly good compatibility with the ground.

【００２１】本発明の地盤用フィルター材料はスパンボ
ンド法によって製造された不織布をベースとすることが
更に好ましい。特に、ニードリングによって接合された
スパンボンド不織布であることが好ましい。It is further preferred that the ground filter material of the invention is based on a nonwoven fabric produced by the spunbond method. In particular, a spunbond nonwoven fabric bonded by needling is preferred.

【００２２】本発明の地盤用フィルター材料として用い
られる不織布の目付は、好ましくは５０〜２５００ｇ／
ｍ２であり、特に好ましくは２００〜１５００ｇ／ｍ２
である。そして、本発明の地盤用フィルター材料は、上
述の好ましい特性を合わせ持つことが特に好ましい。[0022] The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric used as the ground filter material of the present invention is preferably 50 to 2500 g/
m2, particularly preferably 200 to 1500 g/m2
It is. It is particularly preferable that the ground filter material of the present invention has both the above-mentioned preferable properties.

【００２３】本発明は、上述の地盤用フィルター材料を
製造する方法を提供するものでもある。すなわち本発明
に地盤用フィルター材料の製造方法は、合成連続フィラ
メントおよび／またはステープルファイバーを通常の方
法によって移動手段上に解繊し、次いで接合する方法で
あって、解繊される合成繊維の少なくとも一部に中空繊
維を用いることを特徴とする。接合に際しては、さらに
別の繊維材料と組み合わせてもよい。The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned ground filter material. That is, the method for producing a ground filter material according to the present invention is a method of defibrating synthetic continuous filaments and/or staple fibers on a moving means by a conventional method, and then joining them, the method comprising: at least one of the synthetic fibers being defibrated; It is characterized by using hollow fibers in some parts. When joining, it may be combined with another fibrous material.

【００２４】本発明にしたがってステープルファイバー
から成る不織布を製造するに場合、その一部に中空繊維
が用いられる。そして、中空ステープルファイバーおよ
び中空でないステープルファイバーの混合物は、通常の
乾式または湿式法によって解繊されウエブを形成し、次
いで接合される。When producing a nonwoven fabric made of staple fibers according to the present invention, hollow fibers are used as part of the nonwoven fabric. The mixture of hollow and solid staple fibers is then defibrated to form a web by conventional dry or wet methods and then spliced.

【００２５】しかしながら、連続フィラメントおよびス
テープルファイバーの混合物から不織布を製造すること
も可能である。この場合には、連続フィラメントを移動
手段上に解繊しながらステープルファイバーを散布する
。連続フィラメントまたはステープルファイバーのいず
れかが中空繊維であればよい。そして、中空である連続
フィラメントまたはステープルファイバーは、その全体
または一部が中空であればよい。However, it is also possible to produce nonwovens from mixtures of continuous filaments and staple fibers. In this case, the staple fibers are spread while the continuous filament is being disentangled on the moving means. Either the continuous filament or the staple fiber may be a hollow fiber. The hollow continuous filament or staple fiber may be entirely or partially hollow.

【００２６】同様に、スパンボンド法によって不織布を
製造する場合には、中空繊維と中空でない繊維とを解繊
の段階で混合することが可能である。例えば、中空繊維
を別個に製造し、次いでボビンクリールから引き出して
ブローノズルを用いて中空でない繊維の流れに乗せ、移
動手段上に解繊させて製造する。また別の方法として、
ウエブ形成フィラメント製造用の紡糸口金に、中空でな
い繊維用の紡糸口の他に中空繊維用の紡糸口を設けても
よい。それらの紡糸口の数およびフィラメントの吐出量
の比は、目的とする地盤用フィルター材料中の中空繊維
と中空でない繊維との比に一致する。一般に、本発明の
地盤用フィルター材料中の中空繊維の割合は少なくとも
１０％である。そして、中空繊維の割合は好ましくは５
０〜１００％であり、最大の効果を得たい場合には、そ
の１００％が中空繊維である。Similarly, when producing a nonwoven fabric by the spunbond method, it is possible to mix hollow fibers and non-hollow fibers at the defibration stage. For example, hollow fibers are produced separately, then drawn off a bobbin creel, placed in a stream of solid fibers using a blow nozzle, and opened onto a moving means. As another method,
The spinneret for producing web-forming filaments may be provided with spinnerets for hollow fibers in addition to spinnerets for solid fibers. The number of spinnerets and the filament output ratio correspond to the ratio of hollow fibers to solid fibers in the intended ground filter material. Generally, the proportion of hollow fibers in the ground filter material of the invention is at least 10%. And the proportion of hollow fibers is preferably 5
0 to 100%, and for maximum effect, 100% of the fibers are hollow fibers.

【００２７】ウエブを接合して不織布となすには、通常
の方法にしたがい、結合剤、特に熱溶融性結合剤、カレ
ンダ−加工、または好ましくはニードリングを用いるこ
とができる。[0027] The webs can be bonded into a non-woven fabric by using a binder, especially a hot melt binder, by calendering, or preferably by needling, according to conventional methods.

【００２８】結合剤は、例えば高分子溶液、分散液また
はラテックスでもよい。そのような結合剤をウエブに付
与するには、ウエブを結合剤に浸漬するか、または結合
剤をウエブにスプレーする。液体成分が蒸発するとフィ
ラメントどうしの交差点に薄膜の接着点が残る。The binder may be, for example, a polymeric solution, dispersion or latex. Such binders can be applied to the web by dipping the web in the binder or by spraying the web with the binder. When the liquid component evaporates, thin film adhesion points remain at the intersections of the filaments.

【００２９】しかしながら、熱硬化性結合剤を用いるこ
ともできる。熱硬化性結合剤は熱を加えることによって
、または熱を加えずに硬化して繊維を接合する。同様に
、熱溶融性結合剤を用いることも好ましい。熱溶融性結
合剤は、粉状で、または好ましくは繊維状でウエブに導
入される。次いでウエブを加熱して結合剤の融点以上の
温度にすれば繊維の交差点に接着点が形成される。これ
を冷却すればウエブが接合された不織布が得られる。However, it is also possible to use thermosetting binders. Thermoset binders cure with or without the addition of heat to bond the fibers together. It is likewise preferable to use hot-melt binders. The hot melt binder is introduced into the web in powder form or preferably in fibrous form. The web is then heated to a temperature above the melting point of the binder to form bond points at the intersections of the fibers. By cooling this, a nonwoven fabric with webs bonded thereto can be obtained.

【００３０】また同様に、フィラメントの融点近傍の温
度でウエブをカレンダー加工すれば、フィラメントの交
差点の接着によって、ウエブを接合できる。Similarly, if the web is calendered at a temperature near the melting point of the filaments, the webs can be joined by adhesion at the intersections of the filaments.

【００３１】また、ウエブを機械的に接合することが好
ましい。化学的または熱的な負担がフィラメントにかか
らないからである。したがって、フィラメントの紡糸過
程、例えば高速紡糸工程および延伸工程でフィラメント
に付与された種々の物理的特性は、不織布となった後で
も保持される。[0031] Furthermore, it is preferable to mechanically join the webs. This is because no chemical or thermal load is placed on the filament. Therefore, various physical properties imparted to the filament during the filament spinning process, such as high-speed spinning and drawing processes, are retained even after the filament is made into a nonwoven fabric.

【００３２】本発明の地盤用フィルター材料は、上述の
不織布の一種類のみから成っていてもよい。または、不
織布の他にさらに繊維材料を含んでいてもよい。例えば
、他の不織布または付加的な繊維材料層である（例えば
、特定の方向について大きな強度を得るための配向フィ
ラメントの解繊構造、または化粧層）。このような付加
的な層を設けることで不織布を、土木工事のための繊維
複合材料となすことができる。そのような繊維複合材料
のフィルターとしての効果は、本質的にウエブ材料の特
性に由来するものである。The ground filter material of the present invention may consist of only one type of nonwoven fabric as described above. Alternatively, it may further contain a fiber material in addition to the nonwoven fabric. For example, other non-woven fabrics or additional fibrous material layers (for example, an expanded structure of oriented filaments to obtain greater strength in a particular direction, or a decorative layer). By providing such an additional layer, the nonwoven fabric can be made into a fiber composite material for civil engineering works. The effectiveness of such fiber composite materials as filters is essentially derived from the properties of the web material.

Claims (13)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】　　合成繊維の不織布から成るか、または
、合成繊維の不織布を含む地盤用フィルター材料であっ
て、合成繊維の少なくとも一部が中空繊維である前記材
料。1. A ground filter material consisting of or comprising a nonwoven fabric of synthetic fibers, wherein at least a portion of the synthetic fibers are hollow fibers. 【請求項２】　　合成繊維の少なくとも１０％が中空繊
維である請求項１に記載の地盤用フィルター材料。2. The ground filter material according to claim 1, wherein at least 10% of the synthetic fibers are hollow fibers. 【請求項３】　　合成繊維の５０〜１００％、好ましく
は１００％が中空繊維である請求項１または２に記載の
地盤用フィルター材料。3. The ground filter material according to claim 1, wherein 50 to 100%, preferably 100% of the synthetic fibers are hollow fibers. 【請求項４】　　中空繊維の中空部分が、中空繊維の長
さ方向の全域にわたって存在する請求項１〜３の少なく
とも一項に記載の地盤用フィルター材料。4. The ground filter material according to claim 1, wherein the hollow portions of the hollow fibers are present over the entire length of the hollow fibers. 【請求項５】　　合成繊維の中空部分の割合が３〜４０
容量％、好ましくは５〜２０容量％である請求項１〜４
の少なくとも一項に記載の地盤用フィルター材料。Claim 5: The proportion of hollow parts of synthetic fibers is 3 to 40.
% by volume, preferably from 5 to 20% by volume.
The ground filter material according to at least one of the above. 【請求項６】　　合成繊維がポリエステル、好ましくは
ポリエチレンテレフタレートから成る請求項１〜５の少
なくとも一項に記載の地盤用フィルター材料。6. Ground filter material according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic fibers consist of polyester, preferably polyethylene terephthalate. 【請求項７】　　不織布は結合剤によって接合されたも
のである請求項１〜６の少なくとも一項に記載の地盤用
フィルター材料。7. The ground filter material according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric is bonded with a binder. 【請求項８】　　不織布は機械的に接合されたものであ
る請求項１〜６の少なくとも一項に記載の地盤用フィル
ター材料。8. The ground filter material according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric is mechanically bonded. 【請求項９】　　不織布がフィラメント不織布、すなわ
ちスパンボンド不織布である請求項１〜８の少なくとも
一項に記載の地盤用フィルター材料。9. The ground filter material according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a filament nonwoven fabric, that is, a spunbond nonwoven fabric. 【請求項１０】　　合成連続フィラメントおよび／また
はステープルファイバーを通常の方法により移動手段上
に解繊しウエブを形成せしめ、次いで他の繊維材料と共
に、または、他の繊維材料を用いずにウエブを接合する
ことによって、請求項１に記載の地盤用フィルター材料
を製造する方法であって、前記解繊された合成繊維の少
なくとも一部に中空繊維を用いることからなる前記方法
。10. Synthetic continuous filaments and/or staple fibers are defibrated onto a moving means in a conventional manner to form a web, and the web is then joined with or without other fibrous materials. 2. A method for producing a ground filter material according to claim 1, comprising using hollow fibers as at least a portion of the defibrated synthetic fibers. 【請求項１１】　　解繊された合成繊維の少なくとも１
０％が中空繊維である請求項１０に記載の方法。Claim 11: At least one of the defibrated synthetic fibers.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein 0% is hollow fiber. 【請求項１２】　　解繊された合成繊維の５０〜１００
％、好ましくは１００％が中空繊維である請求項１０ま
たは１１に記載の方法。12. 50 to 100 of defibrated synthetic fibers
12. A method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein %, preferably 100%, are hollow fibers. 【請求項１３】　　結合剤または好ましくは機械的方法
を用いてウエブを接合して不織布を得る請求項１０〜１
２の少なくとも一項に記載の方法。13. The nonwoven fabric is obtained by joining the webs using a binder or preferably by mechanical methods.
2. The method according to at least one of 2.
JP3110503A 1990-05-15 1991-05-15 Ground filter material Pending JPH04228717A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4015505:6 1990-05-15
DE4015505A DE4015505A1 (en) 1990-05-15 1990-05-15 GEOTEXTILE FILTER MATERIAL

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH04228717A true JPH04228717A (en) 1992-08-18

Family

ID=6406403

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3110503A Pending JPH04228717A (en) 1990-05-15 1991-05-15 Ground filter material

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0459203A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04228717A (en)
DE (1) DE4015505A1 (en)
IE (1) IE911653A1 (en)
PT (1) PT97653A (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2767269B1 (en) * 1997-08-13 1999-11-05 Bidim Geosynthetics Sa GEOTEXTILE FILTRATION STRUCTURE
CN103628452A (en) * 2013-11-15 2014-03-12 大连恒大高新材料开发有限公司 Inverted filter grille
DE202016105559U1 (en) 2016-05-10 2016-12-09 Pure Flow Filtersysteme GmbH Filter material and filtration arrangement
DE102016108558B3 (en) * 2016-05-10 2017-08-10 Pure Flow Filtersysteme GmbH Filter material and filtration arrangement
CN111497389A (en) * 2020-04-20 2020-08-07 中国水利水电科学研究院 Reinforced mixed geotextile, reinforced composite geotextile and preparation methods thereof

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2038629A1 (en) * 1970-08-04 1972-02-17 Naue Kg E A H Filter matting - from layers of thermoplastic fibres with a needled bonding and heat treatment
DE2150590C2 (en) * 1971-10-11 1982-10-14 Joachim 7120 Bietigheim-Bissingen Unger Hydraulic filter mat made of crimped or curled man-made fibers and a needled reinforcement mat
DE3013134C2 (en) * 1980-04-02 1984-03-29 Lignotock Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh, 1000 Berlin Process for the production of molded parts by deep drawing and / or pressing
EP0088191A3 (en) * 1982-03-08 1986-02-19 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Polyester fibrefill blend

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0459203A1 (en) 1991-12-04
PT97653A (en) 1993-08-31
DE4015505A1 (en) 1991-11-21
IE911653A1 (en) 1991-11-20

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