JPH0418486A - Refrigerant composition - Google Patents
Refrigerant compositionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0418486A JPH0418486A JP2121975A JP12197590A JPH0418486A JP H0418486 A JPH0418486 A JP H0418486A JP 2121975 A JP2121975 A JP 2121975A JP 12197590 A JP12197590 A JP 12197590A JP H0418486 A JPH0418486 A JP H0418486A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- isobutane
- compressor
- refrigerant
- composition
- pentane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- BHNZEZWIUMJCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)Cl BHNZEZWIUMJCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)Cl VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- ATEBGNALLCMSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)CCl ATEBGNALLCMSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010725 compressor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（イ）産業上の利用分野
本発明は冷凍装置に用いられ、且つ、オゾン層を破壊す
る危険性のない冷媒組成物に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a refrigerant composition that is used in refrigeration equipment and has no risk of destroying the ozone layer.
（ロ）従来の技術
従来、冷凍機の冷媒として用いられているものにはＲ１
２（ジクロロジフルオロメタン）とＲ５００（Ｒ１２と
Ｒ１５２ａ （１，１−ジフルオロエタン）との共沸混
合物）が多い。Ｒ１２の沸点は約−３０℃で、Ｒ５００
の沸点は約−３３℃であり通常の冷凍装置に好適である
。更に圧縮機への吸込温度が比較的高くても吐出温度が
圧縮機のオイルスラッジを引き起こす程高くならない。(b) Conventional technology Conventionally, the refrigerants used in refrigerators include R1.
2 (dichlorodifluoromethane) and R500 (azeotropic mixture of R12 and R152a (1,1-difluoroethane)). The boiling point of R12 is approximately -30°C, and R500
The boiling point of is about -33°C, which is suitable for ordinary refrigeration equipment. Furthermore, even though the suction temperature to the compressor is relatively high, the discharge temperature does not become high enough to cause oil sludge in the compressor.
更に又、Ｒ１２は圧縮機のオイルと相溶性が良く、冷媒
回路中のオイルを圧縮機まで引き戻す役割も果たす。Furthermore, R12 has good compatibility with the oil of the compressor, and also plays the role of drawing the oil in the refrigerant circuit back to the compressor.
（ハ）発明が解決しようとする課題
然し乍ら上記各冷媒はオゾン層を破壊する恐れがあると
され、その使用が規制されることとなって来た。これら
規制冷媒の代替冷媒として研究されているのがＲ２２（
クロロジフルオロメタン）とＲ１４２ｂ（１−クロロ−
１，１−ジフルオロエタン）の混合冷媒が考えられてい
る。Ｒ２２の沸点は約−４０℃、Ｒ１４２ｂの沸点は約
−９゜８℃である。又、Ｒ２２は圧縮機の吸込温度を相
当低くしなければ吐出温度の上昇を抑えられないのでＲ
１４２ｂを混合することによって吐出温度を下げている
。即ち、Ｒ１４２ｂ ｉ、ｌｔ吸込温度が比較的高くて
も吐出温度が上がらないからである。(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, each of the above-mentioned refrigerants is said to have the potential to destroy the ozone layer, and their use has been regulated. R22 is being researched as an alternative refrigerant to these regulated refrigerants.
chlorodifluoromethane) and R142b (1-chloro-
1,1-difluoroethane) mixed refrigerants are being considered. The boiling point of R22 is about -40°C, and the boiling point of R142b is about -9°8°C. In addition, R22 cannot suppress the rise in discharge temperature unless the suction temperature of the compressor is considerably lowered.
By mixing 142b, the discharge temperature is lowered. That is, even if the R142b i,lt suction temperature is relatively high, the discharge temperature does not rise.
更にＲＩ４２ｂは可燃性であるがＲ２２と混合すること
によって不燃組成を構成し、安全性を高めている。第２
図にＲ１４２ｂとＲ２２及び空気の混合比率に対する可
燃性を示し、図中斜線部分が可燃域を、他の部分は不燃
域を示している。即ち、Ｒ２２を１０重量％以上混合す
ることでＲ１４２ｂの可燃域を避けることができる。Furthermore, RI42b is flammable, but when mixed with R22, it forms a nonflammable composition, increasing safety. Second
The figure shows flammability with respect to the mixing ratio of R142b, R22, and air, with the hatched area showing the flammable range and the other areas showing the non-flammable range. That is, by mixing 10% by weight or more of R22, it is possible to avoid the flammable range of R142b.
然し乍ら、上記Ｒ２２及びＲ１４２ｂは何も圧縮機オイ
ルとの相溶性が悪く、その為冷媒回路の蒸発器中で二相
分離（オイルと冷媒の分離）が発生し、圧縮機にオイル
が戻されずに焼付きが生ずる危険性がある。However, R22 and R142b have poor compatibility with compressor oil, so two-phase separation (separation of oil and refrigerant) occurs in the evaporator of the refrigerant circuit, and the oil is not returned to the compressor. There is a risk of burn-in.
本発明は係る問題点を解決することを目的とする。The present invention aims to solve such problems.
（ニ）課題を解決するための手段
本発明はクロロジフルオロメタン（Ｒ２２）と１−クロ
ロ−１，１−ジフルオロエタン（Ｒ１４２ｂ）とイソブ
タンとから冷媒組成物を構成したものである。(d) Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, a refrigerant composition is composed of chlorodifluoromethane (R22), 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (R142b), and isobutane.
また、クロロジフルオロメタン（Ｒ２２）と１−クロロ
−１，１−ジフルオロエタン（Ｒ１４２ｂ）とｎ−ペン
タンとから冷媒組成物を構成したものである。Further, the refrigerant composition was composed of chlorodifluoromethane (R22), 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (R142b), and n-pentane.
（ホ）作用
イソブタン（ｉ−Ｃ，Ｈ，。）及びｎ−ペンタン（Ｃｓ
Ｈ＋□）はオゾン層を破壊する危険性はなくまた、沸点
はそれぞれイソブタンが大気圧で−１１，６５℃、ｎ−
ペンタンが＋３６．０７℃である。更に、イソブタン、
ｎ−ペンタン共に圧縮機のオイルとの相溶性が良好であ
り、冷媒回路中のオイルを溶は込ませて圧縮機に帰還せ
しめる働きをする。尚、イソブタンは圧縮機で蒸発して
それを冷却する働きもする。(e) Action isobutane (i-C,H,.) and n-pentane (Cs
H+□) has no danger of destroying the ozone layer, and the boiling points of isobutane are -11 and 65℃ at atmospheric pressure, and n-
Pentane is +36.07°C. Furthermore, isobutane,
Both n-pentane and n-pentane have good compatibility with compressor oil, and function to dissolve the oil in the refrigerant circuit and return it to the compressor. Note that isobutane is evaporated in the compressor and also serves to cool it.
以上のオイル戻し効果はイソブタンやｎ−ペンタンの重
量比率が高いほど大きくなるが、これらの沸点は高く、
可燃性のため、入れ過ぎれば今度は所要の冷却温度が得
られなくなり、また、爆発の危険性が高まる。The above oil return effect increases as the weight ratio of isobutane and n-pentane increases, but their boiling points are high,
Because it is flammable, if you add too much, you will not be able to achieve the required cooling temperature, and the risk of explosion will increase.
実験によればイソブタン成るいはｎ−ペンタンをＲ１４
２ｂの５重量％以上２０重量％以下混合することで、冷
却能力を損うことなく爆発の危険性を避けることができ
る。Experiments have shown that isobutane or n-pentane is
By mixing 5% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less of 2b, the danger of explosion can be avoided without impairing the cooling ability.
出願人は更なる鋭意研究の結果、最も安全性が高く、且
つ、所要の冷凍温度（少なくとも一４０℃以下の冷却温
度）が得られる比率を割り出し、Ｒ２２が７０重量％、
Ｒ１４２ｂが２５重量％、イソブタン成るいはｎ−ペン
タンが５重量％であることを導き出した。As a result of further intensive research, the applicant determined the ratio that would provide the highest safety and the required freezing temperature (cooling temperature of at least 40°C or less), and found that R22 was 70% by weight,
It was determined that R142b was 25% by weight and isobutane or n-pentane was 5% by weight.
（へ）実施例
次に図面において実施例を説明する。第１図はＲ２２、
Ｒ１４２ｂ及びイソブタンの混合冷媒を用いた場合の冷
媒回路を示している。圧縮機１の吐出側配管５は凝縮器
２に接続され、凝縮器２は気液分離Ｓ６に接続されてい
る。気液分離器６から出た液相配管７はキャピラリチュ
ーブ８に接続されキャピラリチューブ８は中間熱交換器
９に接続される。気液分ｊＩＩ器６から出た気相配ｆｌ
Ｏは中間熱交換器９中を通過してキャピラリチューブ１
１に接続され、キャピラリチューブ１１は蒸発器４に接
続される。中間熱交換器９から出た配管１２と蒸発器４
から出た配管１３は接続点Ｐにて合流せられ、圧縮機１
の吸込側に接続される。(f) Embodiments Next, embodiments will be explained with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows R22,
A refrigerant circuit using a mixed refrigerant of R142b and isobutane is shown. A discharge side pipe 5 of the compressor 1 is connected to a condenser 2, and the condenser 2 is connected to a gas-liquid separation S6. A liquid phase pipe 7 coming out of the gas-liquid separator 6 is connected to a capillary tube 8, and the capillary tube 8 is connected to an intermediate heat exchanger 9. Gas-liquid fraction j II gas phase fl
O passes through the intermediate heat exchanger 9 and enters the capillary tube 1.
1, and the capillary tube 11 is connected to the evaporator 4. Piping 12 coming out of intermediate heat exchanger 9 and evaporator 4
The pipes 13 coming out of the
connected to the suction side of the
冷媒回路内にはＲ２２、Ｒ１４２ｂ及びイソブタンの非
共沸混合冷媒が充填される。次に動作を説明する。圧縮
機１から吐出された高温高圧のガス状冷媒混合物は凝縮
器２に流入して放熱し、その内のＲ１４２ｂ及びイソブ
タンの多くは液化して気液分離器６に入る。そこで液状
のＲ１４２ｂとイソブタンは液相配管７へ、また、未だ
気体のＲ２２は気相配管１０へと分離される。液相配管
７に流入したＲ１４２ｂとイソブタンはキャビラｊチュ
ーブ８にて減圧されて中間熱交換器９に流入しＲ１４２
ｂとイソブタンはそこで蒸発する。The refrigerant circuit is filled with a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant of R22, R142b and isobutane. Next, the operation will be explained. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant mixture discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the condenser 2 and radiates heat, and most of R142b and isobutane therein are liquefied and enter the gas-liquid separator 6. There, the liquid R142b and isobutane are separated into the liquid phase pipe 7, and the still gaseous R22 is separated into the gas phase pipe 10. The R142b and isobutane that have flowed into the liquid phase pipe 7 are depressurized in the cabin j tube 8 and flow into the intermediate heat exchanger 9, where they become R142.
b and isobutane evaporate there.
一方、気相配管１０に流入したＲ２２は中間熱交換器９
内を通過する過程で、そこで蒸発するＲ】４２ｂとイソ
ブタンに冷却されて凝縮し、キャピラリチューブ１１で
減圧されて蒸発器４に流入しそこで蒸発して周囲を冷却
する。中間熱交換器９から出たＲ１４２ｂとイソブタン
は配管１２を通り、また、蒸発器４を出たＲ２２は配管
１３を通り接続点Ｐにて合流し、再びＲ２２、Ｒ１４２
ｂ及びイソブタンの混合物となって圧縮機ｌに帰還する
。On the other hand, R22 flowing into the gas phase pipe 10 is transferred to the intermediate heat exchanger 9
In the process of passing through the evaporator, it is cooled and condensed into R]42b and isobutane, which are depressurized in the capillary tube 11 and flow into the evaporator 4, where they evaporate and cool the surroundings. R142b and isobutane coming out of the intermediate heat exchanger 9 pass through the pipe 12, and R22 coming out of the evaporator 4 passes through the pipe 13 and joins at the connection point P, where R22 and R142 come together again.
B and isobutane become a mixture and return to the compressor L.
冷媒回路中を循環する圧縮機１のオイルはイソブタンに
溶は込んだ状態で圧縮機１に戻される。The oil of the compressor 1 circulating in the refrigerant circuit is returned to the compressor 1 in a state dissolved in isobutane.
冷媒回路内に封入される冷媒混合物の組成を決定するに
際しては、イソブタンが多ければオイル戻し機能が向上
するが、逆に蒸発器４における冷却能力が低下し、且つ
爆発危険性が高くなり冷凍装置の実用に供せなくなるこ
とを考慮する必要がある。この様な状況から出願人はこ
の組成をイソブタンがＲ１４２ｂの５重量％以上１５重
量％以下と設定し、冷媒回路内に封入する冷媒混合物の
組成をＲ２２が７０重量％、Ｒ１４２ｂが２５重量％、
イソブタンが５重量％とした。この組成による実験によ
れば蒸発器４にて一４０℃の冷却能力が得られ、且つ、
爆発の危険性を回避できた。When determining the composition of the refrigerant mixture sealed in the refrigerant circuit, it is important to note that if there is a large amount of isobutane, the oil return function will improve, but on the other hand, the cooling capacity in the evaporator 4 will decrease, and the risk of explosion will increase. It is necessary to consider that it may become impossible to put it into practical use. Under these circumstances, the applicant has set the composition of isobutane to be 5% by weight or more and 15% by weight or less of R142b, and the composition of the refrigerant mixture sealed in the refrigerant circuit is 70% by weight of R22, 25% by weight of R142b,
Isobutane was 5% by weight. According to experiments with this composition, a cooling capacity of -40°C was obtained in the evaporator 4, and
The risk of explosion was avoided.
次に、Ｒ２２、Ｒ１４２ｂ及びｎ−ヘンタンの非共沸混
合冷媒を充填する場合の動作を説明すると、液相配管７
にはＲ１４２ｂとｎ−ペンタンが流入することになるが
、ｎ−ペンタンは沸点が高いので中間熱交換器９で蒸発
するのはＲ１４２ｂのみとなる。その他の動作はイソブ
タンを混入する場合と略同様と考えて良い。Next, to explain the operation when filling the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant of R22, R142b and n-hentane, the liquid phase pipe 7
R142b and n-pentane flow into the reactor, but since n-pentane has a high boiling point, only R142b evaporates in the intermediate heat exchanger 9. Other operations can be considered to be almost the same as when mixing isobutane.
また、各冷媒の混合比率も同様の理由からＲ２２が７０
重量％、Ｒ１４２ｂが２５重量％、ｎ−ペンタンが５重
量％とした。この組成による実験によって蒸発器４にて
略−４０℃の冷却能力が得られ、且つ、爆発の危険性を
回避できた。Also, for the same reason, the mixing ratio of each refrigerant is 70 for R22.
R142b was 25% by weight, and n-pentane was 5% by weight. Through experiments using this composition, a cooling capacity of approximately -40° C. was obtained in the evaporator 4, and the danger of explosion could be avoided.
（ト）発明の効果
本発明の冷媒組成物によればオゾン層を破壊する危険性
がなく、また、爆発の危険性も回避し乍ら所要の冷凍能
力を確保できる。特にインブタン成るいはｎ−ペンタン
によって圧縮機オイルを帰還せしめられるので、焼付き
も生じず、又、イソブタンにより圧縮機を冷却できるの
で、オイルスラ・・ｌジの発生を防止できる。(g) Effects of the Invention According to the refrigerant composition of the present invention, there is no danger of destroying the ozone layer, and the required refrigerating capacity can be ensured while avoiding the danger of explosion. In particular, since the compressor oil can be returned using imbutane or n-pentane, seizure does not occur, and since the compressor can be cooled with isobutane, the generation of oil sludge can be prevented.
第１図は冷媒回路図、第２図はＲ１４２ｂ、Ｒ２２及び
空気の組成によるＲ１４２ｂの可燃域を示す図である。
１・・圧縮機、４・・・蒸発器、６・・・気液分離器、
９・中間熱交換器。FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the flammable range of R142b depending on the composition of R142b, R22, and air. 1... Compressor, 4... Evaporator, 6... Gas-liquid separator,
9. Intermediate heat exchanger.
Claims (1)
フルオロエタン及びイソブタンから成る冷媒組成物。 ２）クロロジフルオロメタン、１−クロロ−１，１−ジ
フルオロエタン及びｎ−ペンタンから成る冷媒組成物。[Claims] 1) A refrigerant composition comprising chlorodifluoromethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane and isobutane. 2) A refrigerant composition consisting of chlorodifluoromethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane and n-pentane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2121975A JPH0418486A (en) | 1990-05-11 | 1990-05-11 | Refrigerant composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2121975A JPH0418486A (en) | 1990-05-11 | 1990-05-11 | Refrigerant composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0418486A true JPH0418486A (en) | 1992-01-22 |
Family
ID=14824492
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2121975A Pending JPH0418486A (en) | 1990-05-11 | 1990-05-11 | Refrigerant composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0418486A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61287979A (en) * | 1985-06-15 | 1986-12-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Refrigerant composition |
| JPS63105088A (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1988-05-10 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Blended refrigerant |
-
1990
- 1990-05-11 JP JP2121975A patent/JPH0418486A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61287979A (en) * | 1985-06-15 | 1986-12-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Refrigerant composition |
| JPS63105088A (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1988-05-10 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Blended refrigerant |
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