JPH04163860A - Hydrogen gas storing/cooling system for fuel cell - Google Patents
Hydrogen gas storing/cooling system for fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04163860A JPH04163860A JP2289284A JP28928490A JPH04163860A JP H04163860 A JPH04163860 A JP H04163860A JP 2289284 A JP2289284 A JP 2289284A JP 28928490 A JP28928490 A JP 28928490A JP H04163860 A JPH04163860 A JP H04163860A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- fuel cell
- room
- control valve
- storage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000013058 crude material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
Ｃ産業上の利用分野コ
本発明は、燃料電池の非常用水素の貯蔵機能と、高発熱
機器室等の非常用の空気冷却機能を兼ね備え、それぞれ
の設備の信頼性を高める燃料電池用水素ガス貯蔵・冷却
システムとその制御方法に関ニ
するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] C. Industrial Application Fields The present invention combines an emergency hydrogen storage function for fuel cells and an emergency air cooling function for high heat generation equipment rooms, etc., and improves the reliability of each equipment. This article relates to a hydrogen gas storage and cooling system for fuel cells and its control method.
［従来の技術］
現在、実用的な燃料電池としては、燃料としての水素と
酸化剤としての酸素をリン酸等の電解質を介して電気化
学的に反応させ、燃料の持つ化学エネルギーを電気エネ
ルギーに変換して発電を行うものが知られている。とこ
ろで、上記燃料としての水素は、従来、都市カスを改質
することにより得ている。[Conventional technology] Currently, practical fuel cells electrochemically react hydrogen as a fuel and oxygen as an oxidizer through an electrolyte such as phosphoric acid, and convert the chemical energy of the fuel into electrical energy. There are known devices that convert this to generate electricity. By the way, hydrogen as the above-mentioned fuel has conventionally been obtained by reforming city waste.
第３図に燃料電池への水素の供給系統の従来例を示す。FIG. 3 shows a conventional example of a hydrogen supply system to a fuel cell.
１は燃料電池であり、２は都市カスの改質器、３はメタ
ノールタンク、４はメタノール供給用のポンプ、５はメ
タノールの改質装置、６゜７は制御弁を示している。燃
料電池ｌの正常時の運転では、都市ガスが改質器２へ供
給され、この改質器２で水素リッチなガスに改質された
後、制御弁６を通して燃料電池１へ供給される。メタノ
ールタンク３．ポンプ４．改質装置５．制御弁７の水素
供給系は、信頼度の低い都市カス供給の信頼性向上のた
めに、都市ガス供給停止によって改質器２から燃料とし
ての水素が供給されなくなった場合に備える非常用の水
素供給回路である。この非常時の場合、ポンプ４により
、メタノールタンク３に貯留されたメタノールが改質装
置５へ送られ、ここで水素に改質された後、制御弁７を
通して燃料電池１へ供給される。これにより、信頼度の
低い都市ガス供給のバックアップを行っていた。1 is a fuel cell, 2 is a reformer for city waste, 3 is a methanol tank, 4 is a methanol supply pump, 5 is a methanol reformer, and 6 and 7 are control valves. During normal operation of the fuel cell 1, city gas is supplied to the reformer 2, reformed by the reformer 2 into hydrogen-rich gas, and then supplied to the fuel cell 1 through the control valve 6. Methanol tank 3. Pump 4. Reformer 5. In order to improve the reliability of the unreliable city gas supply, the hydrogen supply system of the control valve 7 is equipped with an emergency hydrogen supply system in case hydrogen is no longer supplied as fuel from the reformer 2 due to a city gas supply stoppage. This is the supply circuit. In this emergency, the methanol stored in the methanol tank 3 is sent to the reformer 5 by the pump 4, where it is reformed into hydrogen, and then supplied to the fuel cell 1 through the control valve 7. This provided backup for the unreliable city gas supply.
一方、このような燃料電池１の発電出力等を利用してい
る通信機器や大型電算機等を収容する機器室では、それ
らの通信機器や大型電算機等が高発熱する場合、信頼性
の高い冷却設備が要求される。On the other hand, in an equipment room that houses communication equipment, large computers, etc. that utilize the power generation output of the fuel cell 1, if such communication equipment or large computers generate a high amount of heat, Cooling equipment is required.
第４図は、そのような高発熱機器室の冷却設備の従来例
を示す構成図である。８は高置゛熱機器室であり、９は
そこに収容された高発熱機器、ＩＯは空調機、１１は予
備空調機である。この従来例では、空調機１０が通常時
の高発熱機器室８内の冷却を行い、この空調機ｌＯの故
障時または空調機！０の電源停止時に、予備空調機１１
が室内を冷却できるようにして、冷却設備の信頼性を高
めていた。FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional example of cooling equipment for such a high heat generating equipment room. 8 is an elevated thermal equipment room, 9 is a high heat generating equipment housed therein, IO is an air conditioner, and 11 is a preliminary air conditioner. In this conventional example, the air conditioner 10 cools the interior of the high heat generation equipment room 8 during normal times, and when this air conditioner 1O fails or the air conditioner! When the power supply of 0 is stopped, the standby air conditioner 11
was able to cool the room, increasing the reliability of the cooling equipment.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
しかしながら、上記従来の技術における燃料電池の水素
供給系統では、非常用の水素供給回路において、メタノ
ール等の液体燃料を原料としているため、その改質装置
５の構造が複雑であり、また、都市ガスの改質器２より
も高価になるうえに、信頼性が低いという問題点があっ
た。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the hydrogen supply system of the fuel cell in the conventional technology described above, since the emergency hydrogen supply circuit uses liquid fuel such as methanol as a raw material, the structure of the reformer 5 is This system is complicated, is more expensive than the city gas reformer 2, and has low reliability.
一方、上記従来の技術における高発熱機器室８等の冷却
設備では、バックアップとしての予備空調機１１および
その空調用電源として非常用発電機を必要とし、さらに
その非常用発電機の起動失敗等による予備空調用電源の
ダウンに備えて蓄冷ノステムを必要とするなど、設備が
高価になる問題点があった。On the other hand, the cooling equipment for the high heat generation equipment room 8 and the like in the conventional technology described above requires a backup air conditioner 11 and an emergency generator as a power source for the air conditioning, and furthermore, the failure of the emergency generator to start, etc. The problem was that the equipment was expensive, such as requiring a cold storage system in case the backup air conditioning power supply went down.
本発明は、上記問題点を解決するために提案するもので
あり、経済的に、燃料電池への燃料供給の信頼性を高め
るとともに高発熱機器室等の冷却設備の信頼性を高める
燃料電池用水素ガス貯蔵・冷却システムとその制御方法
を提供することを目的とする。The present invention is proposed to solve the above problems, and is an economical method for fuel cells that increases the reliability of fuel supply to fuel cells and increases the reliability of cooling equipment such as high heat generation equipment rooms. The purpose is to provide a hydrogen gas storage and cooling system and its control method.
［課題を解決するための手段］
上記の目的を達成するための本発明の燃料電池用水素ガ
ス貯蔵・冷却システムの構成は、水素を貯蔵する水素貯
蔵合金と、原料ガスを改質して発生した水素を燃料電池
に供給可能にする第１の制御弁と、前記発生した水素の
一部を昇圧して前記水素貯蔵合金に供給可能とする圧縮
機および第２の制御弁と、前記水素貯蔵合金が貯蔵した
水素をｍｌ記燃料電池に放出可能にする第３の制御弁お
よび減圧弁と、前記水素貯蔵合金における水素の貯蔵状
態を検出する手段と、前記原料ガスの供給停止を検出す
る手段と、室内の高温異常を検出する手段と、前記水素
の貯蔵状態の検出信号を入力して前記圧縮機および第２
の制御弁を制御し前記水素の貯蔵の開始または完了を制
御するとともに、前記原料カスの供給停止または前記室
内の高温異常の検出信号を入力して前記第１および第３
の制御弁を制御し、前言己燃料電池に対し前記改質で発
生した水素の供給と前記貯蔵した水素の放出との切り替
えを制御する手段と、前記水素貯蔵合金か水素を放出す
る際の吸熱を前記室内空気と熱交換する熱交換手段と、
を具備することを特徴とする。[Means for Solving the Problems] The configuration of the hydrogen gas storage/cooling system for fuel cells of the present invention to achieve the above object includes a hydrogen storage alloy that stores hydrogen, and a hydrogen storage alloy that is generated by reforming raw material gas. a first control valve that enables the generated hydrogen to be supplied to the fuel cell; a compressor and a second control valve that increase the pressure of a portion of the generated hydrogen and enable it to be supplied to the hydrogen storage alloy; a third control valve and a pressure reducing valve that enable the hydrogen stored in the alloy to be released to the fuel cell; means for detecting the storage state of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy; and means for detecting a stop in the supply of the raw material gas. , a means for detecting an indoor high temperature abnormality, and a means for inputting a detection signal of the hydrogen storage state to the compressor and the second
control valves to control the start or completion of storing the hydrogen, and input a detection signal of stopping the supply of the raw material scraps or abnormal high temperature in the room to control the first and third control valves.
a means for controlling a control valve of the fuel cell to control switching between supplying the hydrogen generated in the reforming to the fuel cell and releasing the stored hydrogen; and a means for absorbing heat when the hydrogen storage alloy releases the hydrogen. a heat exchange means for exchanging heat with the indoor air;
It is characterized by comprising the following.
また、同じく上記の目的を達成するための本発明の燃料
電池用水素ガス貯蔵・冷却システムの制御方法の構成は
、
原料カスを改質して発生した水素を燃料電池へ正常に供
給できる場合に、該水素の一部まには他の水素を水素貯
蔵合金へ貯蔵する過程と、前記原料ガスの供給が停止さ
れたことまたは室内が高温異常になったことを検出して
前記貯蔵した水素を前Ｊ己燃料電池へ放出する過程と、
前記水素の放出に必要な熱を前記室内の空気と熱交換す
る過程と、を有することを特徴とする。Furthermore, the configuration of the control method for the hydrogen gas storage/cooling system for fuel cells according to the present invention to achieve the above object is as follows: , a process of storing some or other hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy, and detecting that the supply of the raw material gas has been stopped or that the temperature in the room has become abnormally high, and the stored hydrogen is stored. The process of releasing the previous fuel to the fuel cell,
The method is characterized by comprising a step of exchanging heat necessary for releasing the hydrogen with the air in the room.
［作用］
本発明は、燃料電池に対し、原料カスの改質で発生する
水素を正常に供給できる間に、その水素の一部または他
の水素を水素貯蔵合金に貯蔵しておき、原料ガス供給が
停止した時その貯蔵した水素を燃料電池に放出すること
により、燃料電池への水素供給のバックアップを行う。[Function] The present invention stores part of the hydrogen or other hydrogen in a hydrogen storage alloy while the hydrogen generated by reforming the raw material scum can be normally supplied to the fuel cell, and the raw material gas is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy. When the supply stops, the stored hydrogen is released to the fuel cell to back up the hydrogen supply to the fuel cell.
また、室内が高温異常になった時にも、水素貯蔵合金か
ら貯蔵している水素を放出し、このときの脱水素反応が
吸熱反応であることを利用して、この吸熱を室内空気と
熱交換することによりその室内の冷却を行い、その室内
の空調機のバックアップを可能にする。このように、燃
料電池の非常用の供給手段が空調機故障時または空調機
電源停止時に室内を冷却する手段を兼ねることにより、
経済化を達成する。In addition, even when the indoor temperature becomes abnormally high, the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy is released, and by utilizing the fact that the dehydrogenation reaction at this time is an endothermic reaction, this absorbed heat is exchanged with the indoor air. By doing so, the room can be cooled and the air conditioner in the room can be backed up. In this way, the emergency supply means of the fuel cell also serves as a means to cool the room when the air conditioner fails or the air conditioner power is stopped.
Achieve economization.
［実施例コ
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する
。[Embodiments] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.
第１図（ａ）、（ｂ）、（ｃ）は本発明の第１の実施例
の構成を示す説明図であり、動作説明図を兼ねている。FIGS. 1(a), 1(b), and 1(c) are explanatory diagrams showing the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention, and also serve as operation explanatory diagrams.
本実施例の構成において、１は燃料電池、２は都市ガス
の改質器、６は改質器２から燃料電池１へ燃料としての
水素ガスを供給する制御弁、８は通信機械室、９は通信
機械室８に収容された通信機器等の高発熱機器、１０は
通信機械室（後発熱機器室）８の空調機である。また、
１２は改質器２から水素を昇圧する圧縮機、Ｉ３は水素
貯蔵合金、Ｉ４は水素貯蔵合金Ｉ３を内蔵しその反応熱
を熱媒体と熱交換する熱交換器、１５はこの熱媒体の循
環回路、１６は熱媒体循環回路１５の熱媒体と通信機械
室８の室内空気との熱交換器、１７は圧縮機１２から水
素貯蔵合金１３へ水素ガスを供給する配管、１８は配管
１７に設けられた水素貯蔵合金への水素供給を制御する
制御弁、１９は制御弁１８と熱交換器１４との間の配管
１７上に設けられた分岐管、２０は分岐管１９と燃料電
池１の間に設けられた制御弁、２１は制御弁２０と燃料
電池Ｉの間に設けられた減圧弁、２２は減圧弁２１と燃
料電池ｌの間に設けられ制御弁６に接続された分岐管で
ある。上記熱媒体としてはフロンなどが好適であり、フ
ロン等を用いた場合には熱交換器１４．１６の高さの調
整により自然循環が可能であるが、設置状況あるいは熱
媒体の種類によってはポンプ等で強制循環させても良い
。In the configuration of this embodiment, 1 is a fuel cell, 2 is a city gas reformer, 6 is a control valve that supplies hydrogen gas as fuel from the reformer 2 to the fuel cell 1, 8 is a communication equipment room, and 9 1 is a high heat generating device such as communication equipment housed in the communication equipment room 8, and 10 is an air conditioner in the communication equipment room (rear heat generating equipment room) 8. Also,
12 is a compressor that boosts the pressure of hydrogen from the reformer 2, I3 is a hydrogen storage alloy, I4 is a heat exchanger that contains the hydrogen storage alloy I3 and exchanges the reaction heat with a heating medium, and 15 is a circulation of this heating medium. 16 is a heat exchanger between the heat medium of the heat medium circulation circuit 15 and the indoor air of the communication equipment room 8; 17 is a pipe for supplying hydrogen gas from the compressor 12 to the hydrogen storage alloy 13; 18 is provided in the pipe 17; 19 is a branch pipe provided on the pipe 17 between the control valve 18 and the heat exchanger 14; 20 is a branch pipe between the branch pipe 19 and the fuel cell 1; 21 is a pressure reducing valve provided between the control valve 20 and the fuel cell I, 22 is a branch pipe provided between the pressure reducing valve 21 and the fuel cell I and connected to the control valve 6. . Freon is suitable as the above-mentioned heat medium, and when Freon is used, natural circulation is possible by adjusting the height of the heat exchanger 14, 16, but depending on the installation situation or the type of heat medium, a pump may be used. Forcible circulation may also be performed.
２３は通信機械室８に設けられた室温の高温異常センサ
、２４は改質器２への都市ガスの供給停止センサ、２５
は水素貯蔵合金Ｉ３へ供給される水素ガスの圧力センサ
、２６は制御装置である。23 is a high temperature abnormality sensor for room temperature provided in the communication equipment room 8; 24 is a city gas supply stop sensor to the reformer 2; 25
2 is a pressure sensor for hydrogen gas supplied to the hydrogen storage alloy I3, and 26 is a control device.
圧力センサ２５は水素の貯蔵状態を検出する手段の例で
ある。制御装置２６は、圧力センサ２５の検出信号を入
力して水素か水素貯蔵合金１３に貯蔵されているか否か
を検出し、圧縮機Ｉ２および制御弁Ｉ８を制御して水素
貯蔵の開始／完了を制御するとともに、室温の高温異常
センサ２３と都市ガス供給停止センサ２４の各検出信号
を入力して制御弁６，２０を互いに背反的に開閉するこ
とにより平常時（待機時）と非常時の水素供給の切り替
え制御を行う。The pressure sensor 25 is an example of means for detecting the storage state of hydrogen. The control device 26 inputs the detection signal of the pressure sensor 25 to detect whether hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy 13, and controls the compressor I2 and control valve I8 to start/complete hydrogen storage. At the same time, by inputting the detection signals from the room temperature high temperature abnormality sensor 23 and the city gas supply stop sensor 24 and opening and closing the control valves 6 and 20 in opposition to each other, hydrogen is Controls supply switching.
以上のように構成した第１の実施例の動作および作用を
第１図により説明する。The operation and effect of the first embodiment configured as above will be explained with reference to FIG.
第１図において、（、）は水素の備蓄時の動作を示し、
（ｂ）は待機時の動作、（ｃ）は非常時の動作を示し、
−は水素の流れる方向を、白抜きの制御弁はバルブ開状
態を、黒塗りの制御弁はバルブ閉状態を示している。In Figure 1, (,) indicates the operation when storing hydrogen,
(b) shows operation during standby, (c) shows operation during emergency,
- indicates the direction in which hydrogen flows, white control valves indicate the valve open state, and black control valves indicate the valve closed state.
まず、正常時すなわち都市ガスが供給され空調機１０が
正常に稼働して室温が所定温度以下であるときは、（ａ
）に示すように、制御弁６，１８を開、制御弁２０を閉
にして、都市ガスを改質器１０に入れ水素ガスを作り出
し、燃料電池１へ供給するとともに、圧力センサ２５の
信号を制御装置２６に入れて起動信号を圧縮機１２に出
力することにより、水素貯蔵合金１３に水素を貯蔵させ
、よって発生する水素貯蔵反応（水素化反応）に伴う発
熱を熱交換器１４の周辺空気へ、または熱交換器１６に
より室８の室内空気へ放熱させる。そして、（ｂ）に示
すように、水素がこれ以上貯蔵しきれなくなると、その
状態を圧力センサ２５の信号により検出し、制御装置２
６を介して圧縮機１２を停止させるとともに、制御装置
２６からの操作信号により制御弁１８を閉にして、水素
貯蔵を完了させる。First, under normal conditions, that is, when city gas is supplied, the air conditioner 10 is operating normally, and the room temperature is below a predetermined temperature, (a
), the control valves 6 and 18 are opened and the control valve 20 is closed, and city gas is introduced into the reformer 10 to produce hydrogen gas, which is supplied to the fuel cell 1 and the signal from the pressure sensor 25 is By inputting it into the control device 26 and outputting a start signal to the compressor 12, hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy 13, and the heat generated by the hydrogen storage reaction (hydrogenation reaction) is transferred to the surrounding air of the heat exchanger 14. or to the indoor air of the chamber 8 by the heat exchanger 16. Then, as shown in (b), when hydrogen can no longer be stored, this state is detected by the signal from the pressure sensor 25, and the control device 2
6, the compressor 12 is stopped, and the control valve 18 is closed in response to an operation signal from the control device 26, thereby completing hydrogen storage.
次に、（ｃ）に示す非常時において、都市ガス供給停止
もしくは通信機械室８の温度の高温異常により、都市ガ
ス供給停止センサ２４もしくは高温異常センサ２３が働
くと、制御装置２６は、操作信号を出力して制御弁６を
閉に、制御弁２０を開にすることにより水素貯蔵合金１
３から水素を放出させ、減圧弁２１により適切な圧力に
して燃料電池１に供給するとともに、その水素放出の脱
水素反応に伴う吸熱を熱交換器Ｉ６により通信機械室８
の室内空気で行う。これにより、その通信機械室８の冷
却が行え、燃料電池ｌへの燃料供給と高発熱機器室８の
空調のバックアップをすることができる。Next, in the emergency shown in (c), when the city gas supply stop sensor 24 or the high temperature abnormality sensor 23 is activated due to a city gas supply stop or a high temperature abnormality in the communication equipment room 8, the control device 26 sends an operation signal. By outputting , the control valve 6 is closed and the control valve 20 is opened, the hydrogen storage alloy 1 is
Hydrogen is released from the fuel cell 1 at an appropriate pressure by the pressure reducing valve 21, and the heat absorbed by the dehydrogenation reaction of the hydrogen release is transferred to the communication equipment room 8 by the heat exchanger I6.
Performed in room air. Thereby, the communication equipment room 8 can be cooled, fuel can be supplied to the fuel cell 1, and air conditioning of the high heat generation equipment room 8 can be backed up.
次に、本発明の第２の実施例の構成を第２図（ａ）、（
ｂ）、（ｃ）に示す。この第２図も、その動作説明図を
兼ねている。本実施例は、第１の実施例に対し、バック
アップの水素供給系における水素の供給源が異なってい
る。すなわち、第２の実施例では、改質器２とは別個の
水素供給装置２７を配設し、これにより制御弁１８およ
び配管１７を通して熱交換器１４に内蔵された水素貯蔵
合金１３へ水素を貯蔵する構成とし、非常時には制御弁
２０．減圧弁２１を通して水素貯蔵合金１３から燃料電
池ｌへ水素を放出し供給する構成とする。本実施例は、
以上の構成を除き、第１の実施例と同様に構成され、第
１の実施例と同等の要素には、同一の符号を付しである
。上記水素供給装置２７としては、水素ボンベ等を用い
ることができる。Next, the configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS.
Shown in b) and (c). This FIG. 2 also serves as an explanatory diagram of the operation. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the hydrogen supply source in the backup hydrogen supply system. That is, in the second embodiment, a hydrogen supply device 27 is provided that is separate from the reformer 2, and hydrogen is thereby supplied to the hydrogen storage alloy 13 built in the heat exchanger 14 through the control valve 18 and piping 17. The control valve 20. The structure is such that hydrogen is released and supplied from the hydrogen storage alloy 13 to the fuel cell 1 through the pressure reducing valve 21. In this example,
Except for the above configuration, the configuration is similar to that of the first embodiment, and elements equivalent to those of the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals. As the hydrogen supply device 27, a hydrogen cylinder or the like can be used.
以上のように構成した第２の実施例の動作および作用を
第２図（ａ）、（ｂ）、（ｃ）により説明する。The operation and effects of the second embodiment configured as above will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2(a), (b), and (c).
第２図においても、第１図と同様に水素の備蓄時の動作
を示し、（ｂ）は待機時の動作、（ｃ）は非常時の動作
を示し、−は水素の流れる方向を、白抜きの制御弁はバ
ルブ開状態を、黒塗りの制御弁はバルブ閉状態を示して
いる。Similarly to Figure 1, Figure 2 shows the operation when storing hydrogen, (b) shows the operation during standby, and (c) shows the operation in an emergency. - indicates the direction in which hydrogen flows; The blank control valves indicate the open state, and the black control valves indicate the closed state.
まず、正常時すなわち都市ガスが供給され空調機１０が
正常に稼働して室温が所定温度以下であるときは、（ａ
）に示すように、制御弁１８．６を開、制御弁２０を閉
にして都市ガスを改質器１０に入れ水素ガスを作り出し
、燃料電池１へ供給するとともに、水素供給装置２７か
ら水素貯蔵合金１３に水素を供給して貯蔵させ、よって
発生する水素貯蔵反応（水素化反応）に伴う発熱を熱交
換器１４の周辺空気へ、または熱交換器Ｉ６により通信
機械室８の室内空気へ放熱させる。そして、（ｂ）に示
すように、水素がこれ以上貯蔵しきれなくなると、その
状態を圧力センサ２５の信号により検出し、制御装置２
６からの操作信号により制御弁Ｉ８を閉にして、水素貯
蔵を完了させる。First, under normal conditions, that is, when city gas is supplied, the air conditioner 10 is operating normally, and the room temperature is below a predetermined temperature, (a
), the control valve 18.6 is opened, the control valve 20 is closed, city gas is introduced into the reformer 10, hydrogen gas is produced, and hydrogen gas is supplied to the fuel cell 1, and hydrogen is stored from the hydrogen supply device 27. Hydrogen is supplied and stored in the alloy 13, and the heat generated by the hydrogen storage reaction (hydrogenation reaction) is radiated to the surrounding air of the heat exchanger 14 or to the indoor air of the communication equipment room 8 by the heat exchanger I6. let Then, as shown in (b), when hydrogen can no longer be stored, this state is detected by the signal from the pressure sensor 25, and the control device 2
The control valve I8 is closed by the operation signal from 6, and hydrogen storage is completed.
次に、（ｃ）に示す非常時において、都市ガス供給停止
もしくは通信機械室８の温度の高温異常により、都市ガ
ス供給停止センサ２４もしくは高温異常センサ２３が働
くと、制御装置２６は、第１の実施例と同様にその操作
信号の出力により、制御弁６を閉に、制御弁２０を開に
して、水素貯蔵合金１３から水素を放出させ、減圧弁２
１により適切な圧力にして燃料電池１に供給するととも
に、その水素放出の脱水素反応に伴う吸熱を熱交換器１
６により通信機械室８の室内空気で行う。Next, in the emergency shown in (c), when the city gas supply stop sensor 24 or the high temperature abnormality sensor 23 is activated due to the city gas supply stop or a high temperature abnormality in the communication equipment room 8, the control device 26 Similarly to the embodiment, the control valve 6 is closed and the control valve 20 is opened by outputting the operation signal to release hydrogen from the hydrogen storage alloy 13, and the pressure reducing valve 2 is opened.
1 to the fuel cell 1 at an appropriate pressure, and the heat exchanger 1 absorbs heat accompanying the dehydrogenation reaction of hydrogen release.
6, using indoor air in the communication equipment room 8.
これにより、その通信機械室８の冷却が行え、燃料電池
１への燃料供給と高発熱機器室８への空調のバックアッ
プをすることができる。Thereby, the communication equipment room 8 can be cooled, fuel can be supplied to the fuel cell 1, and air conditioning to the high heat generation equipment room 8 can be backed up.
なお、本発明は、水素貯蔵合金を用いて正常時（正常運
転時）に水素を貯蔵でき、非常時にその貯蔵し１こ水素
を放出でき、このときの熱交換を冷却すべき室内の空気
で行うことができれば良く、このような本発明の主旨に
沿って種々に応用され、種々の実施態様を取り得るもの
である。The present invention uses a hydrogen storage alloy to store hydrogen during normal operation (during normal operation), and in an emergency, stores and releases the hydrogen. At this time, heat exchange is performed using indoor air to be cooled. The present invention can be applied in various ways and implemented in various ways according to the gist of the present invention.
［発明の効果］
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の燃料電池用水
素ガス貯蔵・冷却システムとその制御方法によれば、燃
料電池の正常運転時に燃料としての水素を水素貯蔵合金
に貯蔵して、原料カス供給停止等の非常時に水素を放出
して燃料電池稼働の信頼性を高めることができるととも
に、高発熱機器室等の空調機故障や空調機電源停止時に
も水素貯蔵合金から水素を放出して、その際の吸熱で室
内を冷却することにより冷却設備の信頼性を高めること
ができる利点がある。また、このように一つのシステム
が、非常用の燃料供給機能と、冷却設備のバックアップ
機能を兼ねることて、経済化が図れる利点かある。[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, according to the hydrogen gas storage/cooling system for fuel cells and its control method of the present invention, hydrogen as a fuel can be stored in the hydrogen storage alloy during normal operation of the fuel cell. In addition, hydrogen can be released from the hydrogen storage alloy in emergencies such as when the supply of raw material scraps is stopped, increasing the reliability of fuel cell operation.In addition, hydrogen can be released from the hydrogen storage alloy even in the event of an air conditioner failure in a high heat generation equipment room or when the air conditioner power is cut off. There is an advantage that the reliability of the cooling equipment can be improved by emitting heat and cooling the room with the heat absorbed at that time. In addition, one system has the advantage of being economical because it serves both the emergency fuel supply function and the cooling equipment backup function.
第１図（ａ）、（ｂ）、（ｃ）は本発明の第１の実施例
の構成と動作を示す説明図、第２図（ａ）。
（ｂ）、（ｃ）は本発明の第２の実施例の構成と動作を
示す説明図、第３図は燃料電池の水素供給系統の従来例
を示す構成図、第４図は高発熱機器室の冷却設備の従来
例を示す図である。
Ｉ・燃料電池、２・・・改質器、６・・・制御弁、８・
・通信機械室（高発熱機器室）、１２・・圧縮機、１３
・・・水素貯蔵合金、Ｉ４・熱交換器、１５・・・熱媒
体循環回路、１６・・熱交換器、１７ 配管、１８゜２
０・・・制御弁、１９．２２・・分岐管、２１・・・減
圧弁、２３・高温異常センサ、２４・都市ガス供給停止
センサ、２５・・・圧力センサ、２６・・制御装置、２
７・・・水素供給装置。
四−FIGS. 1(a), (b), and (c) are explanatory diagrams showing the configuration and operation of a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2(a) is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration and operation of a first embodiment of the present invention. (b) and (c) are explanatory diagrams showing the configuration and operation of the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional example of a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell, and FIG. 4 is a high heat generation equipment FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a conventional example of room cooling equipment. I. Fuel cell, 2. Reformer, 6. Control valve, 8.
・Communication equipment room (high heat generation equipment room), 12...Compressor, 13
... Hydrogen storage alloy, I4 Heat exchanger, 15 ... Heat medium circulation circuit, 16 ... Heat exchanger, 17 Piping, 18゜2
0...Control valve, 19.22...Branch pipe, 21...Pressure reducing valve, 23.High temperature abnormality sensor, 24.Town gas supply stop sensor, 25...Pressure sensor, 26...Control device, 2
7...Hydrogen supply device. Four-
Claims (3)
にする第１の制御弁と、 前記発生した水素の一部を昇圧して前記水素貯蔵合金に
供給可能とする圧縮機および第２の制御弁と、 前記水素貯蔵合金が貯蔵した水素を前記燃料電池に放出
可能にする第３の制御弁および減圧弁と、前記水素貯蔵
合金における水素の貯蔵状態を検出する手段と、 前記原料ガスの供給停止を検出する手段と、室内の高温
異常を検出する手段と、 前記水素の貯蔵状態の検出信号を入力して前記圧縮機お
よび第２の制御弁を制御し前記水素の貯蔵の開始または
完了を制御するとともに、前記原料ガスの供給停止また
は前記室内の高温異常の検出信号を入力して前記第１お
よび第３の制御弁を制御し前記燃料電池に対し前記改質
で発生した水素の供給と前記貯蔵した水素の放出との切
り替えを制御する手段と、 前記水素貯蔵合金が水素を放出する際の吸熱を前記室内
空気と熱交換する熱交換手段と、を具備することを特徴
とする燃料電池用水素ガス貯蔵・冷却システム。(1) A hydrogen storage alloy that stores hydrogen; a first control valve that enables hydrogen generated by reforming raw material gas to be supplied to the fuel cell; a compressor and a second control valve capable of supplying hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy to the fuel cell; a third control valve and a pressure reducing valve capable of discharging hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy to the fuel cell; means for detecting a storage state of the hydrogen, means for detecting a stop in the supply of the raw material gas, means for detecting a high temperature abnormality in the room, and a means for detecting a storage state of the hydrogen by inputting a detection signal of the storage state of the hydrogen. Controlling the control valves to control the start or completion of storage of the hydrogen, and controlling the first and third control valves by inputting a detection signal of stopping the supply of the raw material gas or abnormal high temperature in the room, and controlling the first and third control valves. means for controlling switching between supplying the hydrogen generated in the reforming to the fuel cell and releasing the stored hydrogen; and a means for exchanging heat absorbed when the hydrogen storage alloy releases hydrogen with the indoor air. A hydrogen gas storage/cooling system for a fuel cell, comprising an exchange means.
ステムにおいて、 圧縮機および第２の制御弁に代えて、改質で発生した水
素とは別の水素を水素貯蔵合金に供給可能にする水素供
給装置および第２の制御弁を設けることを特徴とする燃
料電池用水素ガス貯蔵・冷却システム。(2) In the hydrogen gas storage/cooling system for fuel cells according to claim 1, in place of the compressor and the second control valve, hydrogen other than hydrogen generated by reforming can be supplied to the hydrogen storage alloy. 1. A hydrogen gas storage and cooling system for a fuel cell, comprising a hydrogen supply device and a second control valve.
常に供給できる場合に、該水素の一部または他の水素を
水素貯蔵合金へ貯蔵する過程と、前記原料ガスの供給が
停止されたことまたは室内が高温異常になったことを検
出して前記貯蔵した水素を前記燃料電池へ放出する過程
と、 前記水素の放出に必要な熱を前記室内の空気と熱交換す
る過程と、 を有することを特徴とする燃料電池用水素ガス貯蔵・冷
却システムの制御方法。(3) When the hydrogen generated by reforming the raw material gas can be normally supplied to the fuel cell, the process of storing part of the hydrogen or other hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy and the supply of the raw material gas are stopped. a step in which the stored hydrogen is released to the fuel cell by detecting that the temperature has become abnormally high in the room; and a step in which the heat necessary for releasing the hydrogen is exchanged with the air in the room; 1. A method of controlling a hydrogen gas storage/cooling system for a fuel cell, comprising:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2289284A JPH04163860A (en) | 1990-10-26 | 1990-10-26 | Hydrogen gas storing/cooling system for fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2289284A JPH04163860A (en) | 1990-10-26 | 1990-10-26 | Hydrogen gas storing/cooling system for fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04163860A true JPH04163860A (en) | 1992-06-09 |
Family
ID=17741185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2289284A Pending JPH04163860A (en) | 1990-10-26 | 1990-10-26 | Hydrogen gas storing/cooling system for fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04163860A (en) |
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| GB2268322A (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1994-01-05 | Rolls Royce & Ass | A hydrocarbon fuelled fuel cell power system |
| US5527632A (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1996-06-18 | Rolls-Royce And Associates Limited | Hydrocarbon fuelled fuel cell power system |
| WO1998019960A1 (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 1998-05-14 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydrogen manufacturing and supplying apparatus and electric motorcar |
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| JP2001289397A (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-19 | Japan Metals & Chem Co Ltd | Hydrogen storage alloy storing container |
| US7250231B2 (en) | 2003-06-09 | 2007-07-31 | Idatech, Llc | Auxiliary fuel cell system |
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