JPH04127125A - Optical element - Google Patents
Optical elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04127125A JPH04127125A JP2247328A JP24732890A JPH04127125A JP H04127125 A JPH04127125 A JP H04127125A JP 2247328 A JP2247328 A JP 2247328A JP 24732890 A JP24732890 A JP 24732890A JP H04127125 A JPH04127125 A JP H04127125A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- optical element
- layers
- molecule
- liquid crystal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 70
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［発明の技術分野］
この発明は液晶表示装置等に用いられる光学補償用の光
学素子に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an optical element for optical compensation used in liquid crystal display devices and the like.
［従来技術とその問題点］
従来、ＴＮ型や５ＴＮｙ！Ｊの液晶表示装置においては
、液晶セルの屈折率の波長依存性による旋光分散、また
は、各波長光ごとの位相差の違いによって、表示画面が
着色する。このことは、特に液晶のねじれ角が大きいＳ
ＴＮ型の液晶セルの場合に著しく発生する。このような
問題を解消するために、最近では、液晶セルと偏光板の
間に位相差を補償する位相板を設けている。[Prior art and its problems] Conventionally, TN type and 5TNy! In the liquid crystal display device of J, the display screen is colored due to optical rotational dispersion due to the wavelength dependence of the refractive index of the liquid crystal cell or due to the difference in phase difference for each wavelength of light. This is especially true for S where the twist angle of the liquid crystal is large.
This phenomenon occurs significantly in the case of TN type liquid crystal cells. In order to solve this problem, recently, a phase plate is provided between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate to compensate for the phase difference.
しかしながら、位相板を用いた場合には、透過率が低下
するので、２〜３枚程度しか設けることができないため
、十分な光学的補償することができず、表示品質の良い
ものが得られないという問題がある。However, when using a phase plate, the transmittance decreases, so only about 2 to 3 plates can be provided, so sufficient optical compensation cannot be achieved and a good display quality cannot be obtained. There is a problem.
［発明の目的］
この発明は上述した事情に鑑みてなされたもので、その
目的とするところは、透過率が高く、位相差等の最適な
光学補償が可能な光学素子を提供することである。[Object of the Invention] This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to provide an optical element that has high transmittance and is capable of optimal optical compensation for phase difference, etc. .
［発明の要点］
この発明は上述した目的を達成するために、分子長軸を
一定方向に整列させた複数の高分子層が、前記分子長軸
の整列方向を順次ずらして積層された膜からなることを
要点とする。[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is based on a film in which a plurality of polymer layers with their long molecular axes aligned in a certain direction are laminated with the directions of the long molecular axes sequentially shifted. The main point is to become.
［実施ｆｌｌ
以下、Ｎ４１図〜第３図を参照して、この発明の詳細な
説明する。[Implementation full] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Figures N41 to 3.
第１図は光学素子の分解斜視図である。この光学素子１
は高分子多層膜であり、複数の高分子層２〜６（図では
５層であるが、これに限られない）を積層した構成とな
っている。各高分子層２〜６は、それぞれ液晶ポリマ等
の高分子７・・・の長軸が一定方向ｎｌ”ｎ５に整列さ
れた屈折率異方性を有する薄い層であり、高分子７・・
・の整列方向ｎ１〜ｎ５の角度が少しづつずれた状態で
順次積層され、これにより高分子多層膜を構成する。し
たがって、この高分子多層膜である光学素子１は１面方
向においては各高分子層２〜６ごとに高分子７・・・が
一定方向ｎ１〜ｎ５に整列されているが、厚み方向にお
いては高分子７・・・がねじれ配向とされている。FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the optical element. This optical element 1
is a polymer multilayer film, and has a structure in which a plurality of polymer layers 2 to 6 (5 layers in the figure, but not limited to this) are laminated. Each of the polymer layers 2 to 6 is a thin layer having refractive index anisotropy in which the long axes of the polymers 7 such as liquid crystal polymers are aligned in a certain direction nl"n5, and the polymers 7...
* are sequentially laminated with the angles of the alignment directions n1 to n5 being slightly shifted, thereby forming a polymer multilayer film. Therefore, in the optical element 1, which is a polymer multilayer film, in the one-plane direction, the polymers 7 are aligned in a certain direction n1 to n5 for each polymer layer 2 to 6, but in the thickness direction, The polymers 7... are twisted in orientation.
次に、上述した光学素子１を製造する場合について、第
１図および第２図を参照しながら説明する。Next, the case of manufacturing the above-mentioned optical element 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
まず、ガラスあるいは光学的に等方性を有する合成樹脂
等の基板を用意し、この基板を液晶ポリマ等の高分子７
・・・を溶解した溶媒中に浸漬して引き上げる。すると
、基板の表面に高分子７・・・が付着するとともに、第
２図に示すように高分子７・・・は、その長袖が基板の
引き上げ方向ｎに泊って整列される。これにより、屈折
率異方性を有する薄層としての第１の高分子層２が形成
される。なお、高分子７・・・の整列状態の規則性が低
い場合には、第１の高分子層２の表面を布等で一定方向
つまり基板の引き上げ方向ｎに沿って擦ることにより、
高分子７・・・を規則的に整列させることができる。特
に、高分子７が液晶ポリマの場合には、予め、基板の表
面にラビング処理を施すか、あるいは基板の表面にポリ
イミド等の樹脂を塗布して乾燥させ、その表面にラビン
グ処理を施し、このラビング方向に沿って溶媒中から基
板を引き上げれば、高分子７・・・がラビング処理の配
向規制力によってラビング方向に沿って整列され、より
一層、高分子７・・・を一定方向ｎｌ に規則的に整列
させることができる。First, a substrate made of glass or an optically isotropic synthetic resin is prepared, and this substrate is used as a substrate made of a polymer such as a liquid crystal polymer.
Immerse it in a solvent containing ... and pull it out. Then, the polymers 7 adhere to the surface of the substrate, and as shown in FIG. 2, the polymers 7 are aligned with their long sleeves perpendicular to the substrate pulling direction n. As a result, the first polymer layer 2 as a thin layer having refractive index anisotropy is formed. Note that if the regularity of the alignment of the polymers 7 is low, by rubbing the surface of the first polymer layer 2 with a cloth or the like in a certain direction, that is, along the substrate lifting direction n,
The polymers 7... can be regularly arranged. In particular, when the polymer 7 is a liquid crystal polymer, the surface of the substrate is rubbed in advance, or a resin such as polyimide is applied to the surface of the substrate and dried, and the surface is rubbed. When the substrate is pulled up from the solvent along the rubbing direction, the polymers 7 are aligned along the rubbing direction by the alignment regulating force of the rubbing process, and the polymers 7 are further aligned in a certain direction nl. They can be arranged regularly.
この後、第１の高分子層２が設けられた基板を再び溶媒
中に浸漬し、第１の高分子Ｊ！Ｆ２の高分子７・・・の
整列方向ｎ１に対して少し角度をずらして基板を引き上
げる。すると、第１の高分子層２の表面に高分子７・・
・が付着するとともに、高分子７・・・が基板の引き上
げ方向に沿って整列される。After this, the substrate provided with the first polymer layer 2 is immersed in the solvent again, and the first polymer layer J! The substrate is pulled up at a slight angle with respect to the alignment direction n1 of the polymers 7 . . . of F2. Then, the polymer 7... is formed on the surface of the first polymer layer 2.
. is attached, and the polymers 7 are aligned along the direction in which the substrate is pulled up.
この整列方向ｎ２は第１の高分子層２の整列方向１１
に対して少し角度がずれている。これにより、屈折率異
方性を有する薄層としての第２の高分子層３が形成され
る。このときにも、高分子７・・・の整列状態の規則性
が低い場合は、第２の高分子層３の表面を布等で擦って
高分子７・・・を規則的に整列させればよく、また高分
子７が液晶ポリマの場合には、第１の高分子層２の表面
に直接、その高分子７・・・の整列方向ｎ１に対して少
し角度をずらした方向にラビング処理を施し、このラビ
ング方向に沿って基板を引き上げればよい。This alignment direction n2 is the alignment direction 11 of the first polymer layer 2.
The angle is slightly off. As a result, the second polymer layer 3 as a thin layer having refractive index anisotropy is formed. At this time, if the regularity of the alignment of the polymers 7 is low, rub the surface of the second polymer layer 3 with a cloth or the like to align the polymers 7 regularly. If the polymer 7 is a liquid crystal polymer, rubbing treatment is applied directly to the surface of the first polymer layer 2 in a direction slightly shifted from the alignment direction n1 of the polymer 7. , and then pull up the substrate along this rubbing direction.
このような工程を繰り返すことにより、第３〜第５の各
高分子層４〜６を順次積層することができる。この結果
、各高分子層２〜６ごとに屈折率異方性を有し、かつ厚
み方向に高分子７・・・の長軸がねじれ配向された高分
子多層Ｍ（光学素子ｌ）が形成される。By repeating such steps, the third to fifth polymer layers 4 to 6 can be sequentially laminated. As a result, a polymer multilayer M (optical element l) is formed in which each of the polymer layers 2 to 6 has refractive index anisotropy and the long axes of the polymers 7 are twisted and oriented in the thickness direction. be done.
このような光学素子１は、高分子７・・・の整列方向ｎ
１〜ｎ５の相互のずれ角と各高分子層２〜６のｉｉＭ数
を適宜変えることにより、自由に位相差を設定すること
ができ、最適な光学補償を行なうことが可能である。ま
た、この光学素子１は、浸漬法により各高分子１ｉ）２
〜６を順次積層させるので、簡単かつ安価に製作するこ
とができるとともに、膜厚を均一に形成することができ
、透過率の高いものを得ることができ、しかも高分子多
層膜であるから、薄型化および軽量化が可能となる。Such an optical element 1 is arranged in the alignment direction n of the polymers 7...
By appropriately changing the mutual shift angles of 1 to n5 and the iiM number of each polymer layer 2 to 6, the phase difference can be freely set, and optimal optical compensation can be performed. In addition, this optical element 1 can be prepared by each polymer 1i)2 by the dipping method.
~6 are sequentially laminated, so it can be manufactured easily and inexpensively, and the film thickness can be formed uniformly, and a film with high transmittance can be obtained.Moreover, since it is a polymer multilayer film, It becomes possible to reduce the thickness and weight.
なお、上述した実施例では浸漬法により各高分子層２〜
６を順次積層させたが、これに限らず、ラングミュア・
プロジェット法により積層することもできる。In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, each polymer layer 2 to
6 were sequentially laminated, but this is not limited to Langmuir.
Lamination can also be performed by the Projet method.
次に、第３図を参照して、上述した光学素子を液晶表示
装置に適用した場合について説明する。Next, with reference to FIG. 3, a case will be described in which the above-described optical element is applied to a liquid crystal display device.
なお、ここで言う光学素子１０は高分子多層膜を複数組
み合わせたものである０図中、１１は上側の透明基板、
１２は下側の透明基板である。各透明基板１１．１２は
ガラスあるいは光学的に等方性を有する合成樹脂等から
なり、上下に対向して配置されている。各透明基板１１
．１２の対向面には、ＩＴＯ（酸化インジウムと酸化ス
ズの混合物）等からなる透明電極１３．１４がマトリク
ス状に設けられているとともに、高分子多層膜１５．１
６が各透明電極１３．１４を覆って設けられている。こ
の場合、高分子多層膜１５．１６はそれぞれ前述した高
分子多層膜と同じ構成であり、配向膜としての機能を有
し、その各表面（対向面）にラビング処理が施されてい
る。また、透明基板１１．１２は枠状のシール材１７に
より所定間隔（ギャップｄ）離れて接合され、その間隙
に液晶１８が封入されている。この液晶１８は上下の高
分子多層Ｗｓ１５．１６により厚み方向にねじれた状態
で配向されている。さらに、各透明基板１１．１２の外
面には高分子多層膜１９．２゜がそれぞれ設けられてい
る。各高分子多層膜１９．２０は前述した高分子多層膜
と全く同じものであり、その外面には偏光板２１．２２
がそれぞれ設けられている。したがって、この液晶表示
装置では、高分子層ＭＩｌｊ１５．１６．１９．２０に
より光学素子１０が構成され、その総厚および厚み方向
の高分子７・・・のねじれ配向状態は液晶１８の複屈折
性によって生じる位相差によって決定され、この位相差
を補償するように光学素子１０が形成されている。The optical element 10 referred to here is a combination of multiple polymer multilayer films. In Figure 0, 11 is an upper transparent substrate;
12 is a lower transparent substrate. Each of the transparent substrates 11 and 12 is made of glass or optically isotropic synthetic resin, and is arranged vertically to face each other. Each transparent substrate 11
．． Transparent electrodes 13.14 made of ITO (a mixture of indium oxide and tin oxide) or the like are provided in a matrix on the opposite surface of 12, and a polymer multilayer film 15.1
6 is provided over each transparent electrode 13,14. In this case, the polymer multilayer films 15 and 16 each have the same structure as the above-described polymer multilayer film, have a function as an alignment film, and have each surface (opposing surface) subjected to a rubbing treatment. Further, the transparent substrates 11 and 12 are joined together at a predetermined interval (gap d) using a frame-shaped sealing material 17, and a liquid crystal 18 is sealed in the gap. This liquid crystal 18 is oriented in a twisted state in the thickness direction by upper and lower polymer multilayers Ws15.16. Furthermore, a polymer multilayer film 19.2° is provided on the outer surface of each transparent substrate 11.12. Each of the polymer multilayer films 19 and 20 is exactly the same as the polymer multilayer film described above, and has polarizing plates 21 and 22 on its outer surface.
are provided for each. Therefore, in this liquid crystal display device, the optical element 10 is constituted by the polymer layers MIlj15, 16, 19, 20, and the total thickness and the twisted orientation state of the polymers 7 in the thickness direction are determined by the birefringence of the liquid crystal 18. The optical element 10 is formed to compensate for this phase difference.
このような液晶表示装置においては、液晶１８の複屈折
性によって生じる位相差に応じて、各高分子多層膜１５
．１６．１９．２０よりなる光学素子ｌＯの膜厚および
高分子７・・・のねじれ配向状態を設定することができ
るので、最適な光学補償を行なうことができ、表示画面
に表示色が現われるのを確実に防ぐことができ、しかも
光学素子ｌＯは従来の位相板等よりも透過率が高いので
表示が明るく、装置全体の薄型化および軽量化をも図る
ことができる。特に、この液晶表示装置では、浸漬法に
より透明基板１１の両面に高分子多層１１１５．１６．
または透明基板１２の両面に高分子多層膜１９．２０を
同時に設けることができるので、能率的に高分子多層膜
１５．１６．１９．２０を設けることができ、生産性が
極めて良い。In such a liquid crystal display device, each polymer multilayer film 15 is
．． 16.19.20 The film thickness of the optical element 10 and the twisted orientation state of the polymer 7... can be set, so optimal optical compensation can be performed and the displayed color will appear on the display screen. Moreover, since the optical element IO has a higher transmittance than a conventional phase plate or the like, the display is brighter, and the entire device can be made thinner and lighter. In particular, in this liquid crystal display device, polymer multilayers 1115, 16.
Alternatively, since the polymer multilayer films 19, 20 can be provided on both sides of the transparent substrate 12 at the same time, the polymer multilayer films 15, 16, 19, 20 can be provided efficiently, resulting in extremely high productivity.
なお、上述した実施例では、上下の各透明基板１１．１
２の両者に各高分子多層膜１５．１６．１９．２０を設
けて光学素子ｌＯを構成したが、透明基板１１．１２の
片方のみに高分子多層膜を設けただけでもよい。In addition, in the embodiment described above, each of the upper and lower transparent substrates 11.1
Although the optical element 10 was constructed by providing each of the polymer multilayer films 15, 16, 19, and 20 on both of the transparent substrates 11 and 12, the polymer multilayer film may be provided on only one of the transparent substrates 11 and 12.
また、この発明は液晶表示装置に限らず、ビデオカメラ
等の映像装置や、その他の光学装Ｍ等に広く適用するこ
とができる。Further, the present invention is not limited to liquid crystal display devices, but can be widely applied to imaging devices such as video cameras, other optical devices M, and the like.
［発明の効果Ｊ
以上詳細に説明したように、この発明によれば、分子長
軸を一定方向に整列させた複数の高分子層が、前記分子
長軸の整列方向を順次ずらして積層された膜からなるか
ら、従来の位相板よりも透過率が高く、高分子層の積層
数および高分子のねじれ配向状態を適宜変えることによ
り、最適な光学補償ができる。[Effects of the Invention J As explained in detail above, according to the present invention, a plurality of polymer layers in which the long axes of molecules are aligned in a certain direction are laminated with the direction in which the long axes of the molecules are aligned sequentially shifted. Since it is made of a film, it has higher transmittance than conventional phase plates, and optimal optical compensation can be achieved by appropriately changing the number of polymer layers and the twisted orientation of the polymers.
第１１ｉｉｉｆｆはこの発明の光学素子の分解斜視図、
第２図はその１つの高分子層の高分子の配列状態を示す
平面図、第３図はこの発明の光学素子を適用した液晶表
示装置の断面図である。
１．１０・・・・・・光学素子、２〜６・・・・・・高
分子層、７・・・・・・高分子、ｎ！〜ｎ５・・・・・
・高分子の整列方向。
特
許
出
願
人
カシオ計算機株式会社No. 11iiiff is an exploded perspective view of the optical element of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the arrangement of polymers in one polymer layer, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device to which the optical element of the present invention is applied. 1.10...Optical element, 2-6...Polymer layer, 7...Polymer, n! ~n5...
- Direction of polymer alignment. Patent applicant Casio Computer Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
記分子長軸の整列方向を順次ずらして積層された膜から
なる光学素子。An optical element consisting of a film in which a plurality of polymer layers each having their long molecular axes aligned in a certain direction are laminated with the directions of the long molecular axes being sequentially shifted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2247328A JPH04127125A (en) | 1990-09-19 | 1990-09-19 | Optical element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2247328A JPH04127125A (en) | 1990-09-19 | 1990-09-19 | Optical element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04127125A true JPH04127125A (en) | 1992-04-28 |
Family
ID=17161768
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2247328A Pending JPH04127125A (en) | 1990-09-19 | 1990-09-19 | Optical element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04127125A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0576931A2 (en) * | 1992-06-18 | 1994-01-05 | Casio Computer Company Limited | Liquid crystal display device |
-
1990
- 1990-09-19 JP JP2247328A patent/JPH04127125A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0576931A2 (en) * | 1992-06-18 | 1994-01-05 | Casio Computer Company Limited | Liquid crystal display device |
| EP0576931A3 (en) * | 1992-06-18 | 1994-08-10 | Casio Computer Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
| US5548426A (en) * | 1992-06-18 | 1996-08-20 | Casio Computer Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device |
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