JPH0412462A - Solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell - Google Patents
Solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0412462A JPH0412462A JP2113572A JP11357290A JPH0412462A JP H0412462 A JPH0412462 A JP H0412462A JP 2113572 A JP2113572 A JP 2113572A JP 11357290 A JP11357290 A JP 11357290A JP H0412462 A JPH0412462 A JP H0412462A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- base material
- cathode
- polymer electrolyte
- solid polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical group FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical group [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 perfluorocarbon sulfone Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は固体高分子電解質型燃料電池に係り、特に固
体高分子電解質型燃料電池において、水の供給、排出を
適正に行うための電池の構造に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and in particular to a method for properly supplying and discharging water in a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell. Regarding structure.
燃料電池はこれに用いる電解質の種類により、例えばア
ルカリ型、固体高分子電解質型１およびリン酸型などの
低温動作形の燃料電池と、溶融炭酸塩型、固体酸化物電
解質型などの高温動作形の燃料電池とに大別される。Depending on the type of electrolyte used, fuel cells can be classified into low-temperature operating types such as alkaline type, solid polymer electrolyte type 1, and phosphoric acid type, and high-temperature operating types such as molten carbonate type and solid oxide electrolyte type. It is broadly divided into fuel cells and fuel cells.
固体高分子電解質型燃料電池は固体高分子電解質膜の２
つの主面にそれぞれアノードまたはカソード、および電
極基材を配して形成される。アノードまたはカソードの
各電極は固体高分子電解質膜と電極基材とによりサンド
ウィンチされる。固体高分子電解質膜はスルホン酸基を
持つポリスチレン系の陽イオン交換膜をカチオン導電性
膜として使用したもの、フロロカーボンスルホン酸とポ
リビニリデンフロライドの混合膜、あるいはフロロカー
ボンマトリックスにトリフロロエチレンをグラフト化し
たものなどが知られているが、最近ではパーフロロカー
ボンスルホンｆｉＷ４（米国、デュポン社製、商品名ナ
フィオン膜）を用いることにより燃料電池を長寿命化し
たものなどが知られている。固体高分子電解質膜は分子
中にプロトン（水素イオン）交換基を有し、飽和に含水
させることにより常温で２０Ω・１以下の比抵抗を示し
、プロトン導電性電解質として機能する。ｖ！和和水水
量温度によって可逆的に変化する。を種基材は多孔質体
で、燃料電池の反応ガス供給手段、集電体として機能す
る。アノードまたはカソードの電極においては３相界面
が形成され電気化学反応がおこる。Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells have two types of solid polymer electrolyte membranes:
It is formed by arranging an anode or a cathode and an electrode base material on each of the two main surfaces. Each electrode, an anode or a cathode, is sandwiched between a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and an electrode base material. Solid polymer electrolyte membranes include those that use a polystyrene-based cation exchange membrane with sulfonic acid groups as a cation conductive membrane, a mixed membrane of fluorocarbon sulfonic acid and polyvinylidene fluoride, or a fluorocarbon matrix grafted with trifluoroethylene. Recently, fuel cells have been made to have a longer life by using perfluorocarbon sulfone fiW4 (manufactured by DuPont, USA, trade name: Nafion Membrane). A solid polymer electrolyte membrane has a proton (hydrogen ion) exchange group in its molecule, exhibits a specific resistance of 20Ω·1 or less at room temperature when saturated with water, and functions as a proton conductive electrolyte. v! Hydration water amount Changes reversibly depending on temperature. The seed substrate is a porous material that functions as a reactant gas supply means and a current collector for the fuel cell. At the anode or cathode electrode, a three-phase interface is formed and an electrochemical reaction occurs.
アノードでは次式の反応がおこる。At the anode, the following reaction occurs.
Ｈｌ →２ Ｈ’ ＋ ２ ｅ −−−−−−−−
−（１）カソードでは次式の反応がおこる。Hl →2 H' + 2 e -----------
-(1) At the cathode, the following reaction occurs.
’ＡＯｔ ＋２ Ｈ” ＋２ ｅ−４Ｈ＊Ｏ−−−−−
（２１つまり、アノードにおいては、系の外部より供給
された水素がプロトンと電子を生成する。生成したプロ
トンはイオン交換膜中をカソードに向かって移動し、電
子は外部回路を通ってカソードに移動する。一方、カソ
ードにおいては、系の外部より供給された酸素と、イオ
ン交換膜中をアノードより移動してきたプロトンと、外
部回路より移動してきた電子が反応し、水を生成する。'AOt +2 H'' +2 e-4H*O----
(21 In other words, at the anode, hydrogen supplied from outside the system generates protons and electrons. The generated protons move toward the cathode in the ion exchange membrane, and the electrons move to the cathode through an external circuit. On the other hand, at the cathode, oxygen supplied from outside the system, protons that have moved through the ion exchange membrane from the anode, and electrons that have moved from the external circuit react to produce water.
このような固体高分子電解質型燃料電池においてはプロ
トンがアノードよりカソードに向かってイオン交換膜中
を移動する際に水和の状態で移動するためにアノード近
傍では含水量が減少しイオン交換膜が乾いてくるという
現象がおこる。そのためにアノード近傍では水を供給し
ないとプロトンの移動が困難となる。一方力ソードにお
いては式（２）で示すように水を生成するが、−ａ的に
固体高分子電解質型燃料電池は１００℃以下の温度で運
転されるために、カソード側において生成する水は液体
状態であると考えられる。そのためにカソードにおいて
は過剰の水が貯まり、電極基材の細孔を閉塞して反応ガ
スの拡散が阻害されるようになる。従って固体高分子電
解質型燃料電池を連続して効率良く運転するためにはア
ノードへの水の供給とカソードからの水の排出を適正に
行うことが必要になる。従来このようなイオン交換膜の
水量の最適制御を行うために、水を供給する場合にはセ
ルの運転温度よりも高い温度に維持された水の中に燃料
ガスをバブリングさせて加湿し、このガスをセルの７ノ
ード側に供給していた。また水の排出の場合には乾燥し
た大量の酸化剤ガスをセルのカソードに供給したり、あ
るいはカソードで蒸発した水蒸気を冷却して凝縮させ、
その後ウィック等で系外に排出するなどの方法が行われ
ていた。In such a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, when protons move through the ion exchange membrane from the anode to the cathode, they move in a hydrated state, so the water content decreases near the anode and the ion exchange membrane A phenomenon of drying occurs. Therefore, unless water is supplied near the anode, it becomes difficult for protons to move. On the other hand, water is produced in the cathode as shown in equation (2), but since solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells are operated at temperatures below 100°C, the water produced on the cathode side is It is considered to be in a liquid state. Therefore, excessive water accumulates at the cathode, blocking the pores of the electrode base material and inhibiting the diffusion of the reaction gas. Therefore, in order to operate a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell continuously and efficiently, it is necessary to properly supply water to the anode and discharge water from the cathode. Conventionally, in order to optimally control the amount of water in such an ion exchange membrane, when supplying water, fuel gas is bubbled into the water, which is maintained at a temperature higher than the operating temperature of the cell, to humidify the water. Gas was being supplied to the 7 node side of the cell. In addition, in the case of water discharge, a large amount of dry oxidant gas is supplied to the cathode of the cell, or water vapor evaporated at the cathode is cooled and condensed.
After that, methods such as discharging it out of the system using a wick or the like were used.
しかしながら従来の水の供給方法においては、反応ガス
の加湿温度における飽和水蒸気圧とセルの温度における
飽和水蒸気圧の差に相当する量の水がイオン交換膜内部
で凝縮するのみならず、セルの他の部分、例えば電極基
材内部や反応ガス供給配管内部に凝縮し反応ガスの供給
が妨げられるという問題があった。However, in the conventional water supply method, an amount of water corresponding to the difference between the saturated water vapor pressure at the humidification temperature of the reaction gas and the saturated water vapor pressure at the cell temperature not only condenses inside the ion exchange membrane, but also condenses in other parts of the cell. There is a problem in that the reactant gas condenses inside the electrode base material or the reactant gas supply piping, for example, and prevents the supply of the reactant gas.
乾燥した多量の乾燥ガスをセルのカソードに供給する場
合には、反応に必要なガスの量と比較して大過剰な量の
ガスを供給する必要があり経済的でなく、また条件によ
っては、イオン交換膜のカソード側までも乾燥させてし
まいセルの特性の低下をまねくことがあった。セルのカ
ソード側で蒸発した水蒸気を冷却し液体状態とした後に
ウィック等で系の外部に排出する場合は、水の蒸発量に
制限があるためにセルを高電流密度で運転するような場
合には、水の除去が不十分でセルの特性低下が起こると
いう問題があった。When a large amount of dry gas is supplied to the cell cathode, it is not economical to supply a large amount of gas compared to the amount of gas required for the reaction, and depending on the conditions, In some cases, even the cathode side of the ion exchange membrane was dried, resulting in a decrease in cell characteristics. When water vapor evaporated on the cathode side of the cell is cooled to a liquid state and then discharged to the outside of the system using a wick, etc., there is a limit to the amount of water evaporation, so when the cell is operated at high current density. However, there was a problem that water removal was insufficient and the cell characteristics deteriorated.
この発明は上述の点に鑑みてなされ、その目的は固体高
分子電解質型燃料電池の固体高分子電解質膜に対する水
の供給、排出を適正に行うことにより信軒性に優れる固
体高分子電解質型燃料電池を徒供することにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and its purpose is to provide a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell with excellent reliability by properly supplying and discharging water to and from the solid polymer electrolyte membrane of a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell. The purpose is to save batteries.
（！ＩＮを解決するための手段〕
上述の目的はこの発明によれば固体高分子電解質膜１と
、アノード２およびカソード３の両電極と、電極基材５
，６並びに集水部８からなるセルと、ウィック９と、ト
ラップ１０とを有し、固体高分子電解質膜はカチオン交
換膜で、飽和に含水してプロトン導電性を示し、
アノードおよびカソードの両電極はそれぞれ固体高分子
電解質膜の主面の両側に配置され、電極基材は平坦な主
面と、凹凸のある主面を備えるとともに平坦な主面を介
してアノードとカソードに接してそれぞれ配置され、こ
のとき電極基材は凸部につき前記２つの主面間が基材吸
水部５となり、凹部につきその底部が基材撥水部６とな
り、凹部がガス通路７となるものであり、集水部は電極
基材の基材吸水部に接してアノード側とカソード側にそ
れぞれ設けられ、ウィックは集水部に接続し、セルの過
剰水をトラップに移送し、
トラップはセルからの水を貯溜するものであるとするこ
とにより達成される。(Means for solving !IN) According to the present invention, the above-mentioned purpose is to provide a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 1, both electrodes of an anode 2 and a cathode 3, and an electrode base material 5.
, 6 and a water collection part 8, a wick 9, and a trap 10.The solid polymer electrolyte membrane is a cation exchange membrane, and exhibits proton conductivity when saturated with water, and has both an anode and a cathode. The electrodes are placed on both sides of the main surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and the electrode base material has a flat main surface and an uneven main surface, and is placed in contact with the anode and cathode through the flat main surface. At this time, the electrode base material has a convex portion between the two main surfaces as the base material water absorbing portion 5, a concave portion at the bottom thereof as the base material water repellent portion 6, and a concave portion as the gas passage 7. The water parts are provided on the anode side and the cathode side respectively in contact with the base material water absorption part of the electrode base material, and the wick is connected to the water collection part and transfers excess water from the cell to the trap, and the trap collects water from the cell. This can be achieved by assuming that it is something that can be stored.
セル温度より高い温度で飽和加湿された燃料ガス （ア
ノードガス）がセルに供給される。酸化剤ガス （カソ
ードガス）は乾燥状態である必要はなく、大過剰に流す
必要もない０反応ガスはガス通路７から電極基材の撥水
部を経由して電極に到達する。Fuel gas (anode gas) that is saturated and humidified at a temperature higher than the cell temperature is supplied to the cell. The oxidizing gas (cathode gas) does not need to be in a dry state, nor does it need to flow in large excess.The reactive gas reaches the electrode from the gas passage 7 via the water-repellent portion of the electrode base material.
飽和加湿された燃料ガスはセル内部で凝縮し、電極基材
の吸水部または集水部に取りこまれ、イオン交換膜に所
要の量の水が供給される。過剰の水は集水部により集め
られウィックを経由してセル外部に排出され、トラップ
に貯まる。過剰の水の排出は、電極基材内部や反応ガス
供給配管内部に水が貯まるごとを防止する。The saturated and humidified fuel gas condenses inside the cell and is taken into the water absorption part or water collection part of the electrode base material, and the required amount of water is supplied to the ion exchange membrane. Excess water is collected by a water collection section, drained outside the cell via a wick, and stored in a trap. Excess water discharge prevents water from accumulating inside the electrode base material or inside the reaction gas supply piping.
カソードにおける生成水の排出はセルの運転温度におけ
る飽和水蒸気圧相当分の水分についてはガス状態でセル
の外部に排出される。また、飽和水蒸気圧相当分以上の
水分についてはセルの内部で凝縮し、電極基材に設けら
れた吸水部を通って集水部に集められ、さらに集水部よ
りウィックを通じてセルの外部のトラップに集められる
。Water produced at the cathode is discharged to the outside of the cell in a gaseous state corresponding to the saturated water vapor pressure at the operating temperature of the cell. In addition, water with an amount equal to or more than the saturated water vapor pressure condenses inside the cell, passes through the water absorption part provided on the electrode base material, is collected in the water collection part, and is then passed through the wick from the water collection part to a trap outside the cell. are collected in.
次にこの発明の実施例を図面に基って説明する。 Next, embodiments of the invention will be described based on the drawings.
第１図はこの発明の実施例に係る固体高分子電解質型燃
料電池を示す要部配置図である。第１図において１はイ
オン交換膜を、２はアノードを、３はカソードを示す、
また、５は基材吸水部を、６は基材１ｎ水部を示す、８
は吸水性のある集水部を、９はウィックを、１０はトラ
ップを示す０本実施例における電極基材の製造方法を以
下に示す、を種基材はクレハ化学製のグラファイトの多
孔質材料に機械加工を施こしガス通路７を設けた０次に
、イソプロピルアルコール中に浸漬し、超音波を３分間
印加した後に乾燥した。この後に電極基材の凹部分にテ
フロン（Ｄｕｐｏｎｔ社商品名）３０Ｊ （三井・デュ
ポン・フロロケミカル製）を水で４倍に希釈した溶液を
塗布し、室温において２４ｈ乾燥し次いで３６０℃で１
５分焼成した。電極基材の凹部分へのフッ素樹脂の付着
量は約８ｍｇ／ｄであった。基材吸水部については特に
処理を施さなかった。FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of main parts showing a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 indicates an ion exchange membrane, 2 indicates an anode, and 3 indicates a cathode.
In addition, 5 indicates the water absorption part of the base material, 6 indicates the water part of the base material 1n, and 8
9 indicates a water-absorbing water collection part, 9 indicates a wick, and 10 indicates a trap. 0 The manufacturing method of the electrode base material in this example is shown below. The seed base material is a porous graphite material manufactured by Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd. The material was machined to provide a gas passage 7. Next, it was immersed in isopropyl alcohol, and after applying ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes, it was dried. After this, a solution of Teflon (Dupont product name) 30J (manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Fluorochemicals) diluted 4 times with water was applied to the concave portion of the electrode base material, dried at room temperature for 24 hours, and then heated at 360°C for 1 hour.
Baked for 5 minutes. The amount of fluororesin adhered to the concave portion of the electrode base material was approximately 8 mg/d. No particular treatment was applied to the water-absorbing portion of the base material.
集水部８については、クレハ化学製のグラファイトの多
孔質材料 （厚さｌｍ５）をイソプロピルアルコール中
に浸漬し３分間超音波をかけて洗浄した後に室温におい
て乾燥したものをそのまま用いた。For the water collection part 8, a porous graphite material (thickness 1 m5) manufactured by Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd. was immersed in isopropyl alcohol, washed with ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes, and then dried at room temperature.
ウィック９については、木綿繊維をひも状にした材料を
用いた。For the wick 9, a material made of string-like cotton fibers was used.
この発明によれば固体高分子電解質膜と、アノードおよ
びカソードの両電極と、電極基材並びに集水部からなる
セルと、ウィックと、トラップとを有し、
固体高分子電解質膜はカチオン交換膜で、飽和に含水し
てプロトン導電性を示し、
アノードおよびカソードの両電極はそれぞれ固体高分子
電解質膜の主面の両側に配置され、電極基材は平坦な主
面と、凹凸のある主面を備えるとともに平坦な主面を介
してアノードとカソードに接してそれぞれ配置され、こ
のとき電極基材は凸部につき前記２つの主面間が基材吸
水部となり、凹部につきその底部が基材種水部となり、
凹部がガス通路となるものであり、
集水部は電極基材の基材吸水部に接してアノード側とカ
ソード側にそれぞれ設けられ、ウィックは集水部に接続
し、セルの過剰水をトラップに移送し、
トラップはセルからの水を貯溜するものであるので、飽
和加湿された燃料ガスはセル内部で凝縮し、電極基材の
基材吸水部や集水部に取りこまれ、アノードにおいてイ
オン交換膜に所要の量の水が供給される。過剰の水は、
集水部により集められウィックを経由してセル外部に排
出され、トラップに貯まる。過剰の水の排出は、電極基
材内部や反応ガス供給配管内部に水が貯まるごとを防止
する。またカソードにおける生成水の排出はセルの運転
温度における飽和水蒸気圧相当分の水分についてはガス
状態でセルの外部に排出される。また、飽和水蒸気圧相
当分以上の水分についてはセルの内部で凝縮し、電極基
材に設けられた吸水部を通って集水部に集められ、さら
に集水部よりウィックを通じてセルの外部のトラップに
集められる。According to the present invention, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane includes a cell consisting of both anode and cathode electrodes, an electrode base material and a water collection part, a wick, and a trap, and the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is a cation exchange membrane. The anode and cathode electrodes are placed on both sides of the main surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and the electrode base material has a flat main surface and an uneven main surface. and are arranged in contact with the anode and the cathode through their flat main surfaces, and at this time, the electrode base material has a convex part and the area between the two main surfaces becomes the base material water absorption part, and the concave part and the bottom part thereof corresponds to the base material type. Becomes the water department,
The concave part serves as a gas passage, the water collection part is provided on the anode side and the cathode side respectively in contact with the water absorption part of the electrode base material, and the wick is connected to the water collection part and traps excess water in the cell. Since the trap stores water from the cell, the saturated and humidified fuel gas condenses inside the cell, is taken into the water absorption part and water collection part of the electrode base material, and is then collected at the anode. The required amount of water is supplied to the ion exchange membrane. Excess water is
It is collected by the water collection section, discharged outside the cell via the wick, and stored in the trap. Excess water discharge prevents water from accumulating inside the electrode base material or inside the reaction gas supply piping. Furthermore, water produced at the cathode is discharged to the outside of the cell in a gaseous state corresponding to the saturated water vapor pressure at the operating temperature of the cell. In addition, water with an amount equal to or more than the saturated water vapor pressure condenses inside the cell, passes through the water absorption part provided on the electrode base material, is collected in the water collection part, and is then passed through the wick from the water collection part to a trap outside the cell. are collected in.
このようにして反応ガス供給管が閉塞されるなどの悪影
響をセルにおよぼすことなく適正にイオン交換膜に対す
る水の供給、排出が行われ信転性に優れる固体高分子電
解質型燃料電池が得られる。In this way, water is properly supplied to and discharged from the ion exchange membrane without causing any adverse effects on the cell such as blocking of the reactant gas supply pipe, and a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell with excellent reliability can be obtained. .
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図はこの発明の実施例に係る固体高分子電解質型燃
料電池を示す要部配置図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of main parts showing a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (1)
両電極と、電極基材並びに集水部からなるセルと、ウイ
ックと、トラップとを有し、 固体高分子電解質膜はカチオン交換膜で、飽和に含水し
てプロトン導電性を示し、 アノードおよびカソードの両電極はそれぞれ固体高分子
電解質膜の主面の両側に配置され、電極基材は平坦な主
面と、凹凸のある主面を備えるとともに平坦な主面を介
してアノードとカソードに接してそれぞれ配置され、こ
のとき電極基材は凸部につき前記２つの主面間が基材吸
水部となり、凹部につきその底部が基材撥水部となり、
凹部がガス通路となるものであり、 集水部は電極基材の基材吸水部に接してアノード側とカ
ソード側にそれぞれ設けられ、 ウイックは集水部に接続し、セルの過剰水をトラップに
移送し、 トラップはセルからの水を貯溜するものであることを特
徴とする固体高分子電解質型燃料電池。[Scope of Claims] 1) A solid polymer electrolyte membrane has a cell consisting of an anode and a cathode, an electrode base material and a water collection part, a wick, and a trap, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane having: It is a cation exchange membrane that exhibits proton conductivity when saturated with water. Both anode and cathode electrodes are placed on both sides of the main surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and the electrode base material has a flat main surface and an uneven surface. The electrode base material has a certain main surface and is arranged in contact with the anode and the cathode through the flat main surface, and at this time, the electrode base material has a convex part and the area between the two main surfaces becomes the base material water absorption part, and the concave part has a bottom part. It becomes the base material water repellent part,
The concave part serves as a gas passage, and the water collection part is provided on the anode and cathode sides, respectively, in contact with the water absorption part of the electrode base material.The wick is connected to the water collection part and traps excess water in the cell. A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell characterized in that the trap stores water from the cell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2113572A JPH0412462A (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1990-04-27 | Solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2113572A JPH0412462A (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1990-04-27 | Solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0412462A true JPH0412462A (en) | 1992-01-17 |
Family
ID=14615642
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2113572A Pending JPH0412462A (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1990-04-27 | Solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0412462A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0872907A1 (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 1998-10-21 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
| US6117579A (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 2000-09-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
| JP2001332287A (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-11-30 | Sony Corp | Fitting method for electrical energy generating device and computer internally equipped with the electrical energy generating device |
| JP2001332274A (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-11-30 | Sony Corp | Device for generating electrical energy |
| JP2002298874A (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2002-10-11 | Kemitsukusu:Kk | Separator for flat fuel cell and flat fuel cell |
| KR20040000566A (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-07 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Humidification device for fuel cell |
| US6787254B2 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2004-09-07 | Hydrogenics Corporation | Method and apparatus for humidification and temperature control of incoming fuel cell process gas |
| US7052791B2 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2006-05-30 | Hydrogenics Corporation | Apparatus for humidification and temperature control of incoming fuel cell process gas |
| FR2898731A1 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-09-21 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Micro or press filter type fuel cell, has assembly comprising hydrophobic and hydrophilic layers and arranged on part of outer surface of cathode, where hydrophilic layer is in contact with one of zones of surface to form water storing zone |
| JP2008311166A (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2008-12-25 | Panasonic Corp | Fuel cell system |
-
1990
- 1990-04-27 JP JP2113572A patent/JPH0412462A/en active Pending
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6117579A (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 2000-09-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
| EP0867963A3 (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 2002-09-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
| EP1677379A1 (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 2006-07-05 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
| EP0872907A1 (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 1998-10-21 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
| US6083638A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 2000-07-04 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
| JP2001332287A (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-11-30 | Sony Corp | Fitting method for electrical energy generating device and computer internally equipped with the electrical energy generating device |
| JP2001332274A (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-11-30 | Sony Corp | Device for generating electrical energy |
| US6787254B2 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2004-09-07 | Hydrogenics Corporation | Method and apparatus for humidification and temperature control of incoming fuel cell process gas |
| US7051801B1 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2006-05-30 | Hydrogenics Corporation | Method and apparatus for humidification and temperature control of incoming fuel cell process gas |
| US7052791B2 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2006-05-30 | Hydrogenics Corporation | Apparatus for humidification and temperature control of incoming fuel cell process gas |
| JP2002298874A (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2002-10-11 | Kemitsukusu:Kk | Separator for flat fuel cell and flat fuel cell |
| KR20040000566A (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-07 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Humidification device for fuel cell |
| FR2898731A1 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-09-21 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Micro or press filter type fuel cell, has assembly comprising hydrophobic and hydrophilic layers and arranged on part of outer surface of cathode, where hydrophilic layer is in contact with one of zones of surface to form water storing zone |
| WO2007118945A2 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-10-25 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Fuel cell comprising an assembly capable of managing the water generated by said cell |
| WO2007118945A3 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2008-09-12 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Fuel cell comprising an assembly capable of managing the water generated by said cell |
| US7993794B2 (en) | 2006-03-17 | 2011-08-09 | Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique | Fuel cell comprising an assembly capable of managing the water generated by said cell |
| JP2008311166A (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2008-12-25 | Panasonic Corp | Fuel cell system |
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