JPH037894A - Anti-far infrared ray camouflaging film - Google Patents
Anti-far infrared ray camouflaging filmInfo
- Publication number
- JPH037894A JPH037894A JP14165489A JP14165489A JPH037894A JP H037894 A JPH037894 A JP H037894A JP 14165489 A JP14165489 A JP 14165489A JP 14165489 A JP14165489 A JP 14165489A JP H037894 A JPH037894 A JP H037894A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- far infrared
- protrusions
- infrared ray
- depressions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〈産業上の利用分野〉
本発明は、対遠赤外線偽装に用い帥れるフィルムに関す
るものである０
〈従来の技術〉
近年の各種防衛技術の進歩と共に探知、偵察技術の進歩
にはめざましいものがあり、従来の可視光、近赤外線、
紫外線、レーダー波等を利用する方式に加え、遠赤外線
による方式が注目を集めている。特にこの方式は、従来
方式と異なり、探知・偵察対照物自・らが発する遠赤外
線（一般には熱線と称されている）をキャッチ映像化す
るものであることより１日中・夜間を問わず探知・偵察
が可能であり、また遠赤外線が長波長であるため、霧、
煙等に影＃嘔れにくい特長を有し１軍事対象物１例えば
戦車、飛行機等に対する偵察方式として極めて好ましい
手段であると一般に言われている０
探知・偵察技術とそれを隠蔽する偽装技術は関連があり
、新しい探知・偵察手段が登場するとそれを偽装する手
段が強く求められる。[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Field of Application> The present invention relates to a film used for far-infrared camouflage. <Prior Art> Along with recent advances in various defense technologies, detection and reconnaissance technologies have improved. There has been remarkable progress, and conventional visible light, near-infrared light,
In addition to methods that use ultraviolet rays and radar waves, methods that use far infrared rays are attracting attention. In particular, unlike conventional methods, this method captures and visualizes the far infrared rays (generally referred to as heat rays) emitted by the object being detected or reconnaissance, so it can be used throughout the day or at night. Detection and reconnaissance are possible, and since far-infrared rays have long wavelengths, fog,
It is generally said that it is an extremely preferable method for reconnaissance against military targets such as tanks and airplanes because it is difficult to get shadowed by smoke etc.0 Detection and reconnaissance technology and camouflage technology to conceal it are As new detection and reconnaissance methods emerge, there is a strong need for methods to disguise them.
現在、遠赤外線探知・偵察より軍事対象物を有効に偽装
する手段としては、ａｉ々の方法が提案されており、−
船釣な方法としては、断熱性に優れ九比較的厚い不織布
、あるいは遠赤外線放射性が低いアルミ箔等を利用した
偽装シートが知られているが１戦車等を短時間に該シー
トで榎い偽装する操作性において該断熱布は問題があり
、またアルミ箔等においては軽量で操作性には問題はな
いものの、他の偵察手段１例えば目視（可視光）手段に
対し、輝くため、好ましくない結果を与えている。Currently, various AI methods have been proposed as a means of effectively disguising military objects using far-infrared detection and reconnaissance.
As a method for boat fishing, it is known to use camouflage sheets that use relatively thick non-woven fabrics with excellent insulation properties, or aluminum foil that has low far-infrared radiation, but it is possible to camouflage a tank, etc. with such a sheet in a short time. The heat insulating cloth has a problem in operability, and aluminum foil etc. is lightweight and has no problem in operability, but it shines against other reconnaissance means 1, such as visual (visible light) means, so it has unfavorable results. is giving.
〈発明が解決しようとする課題〉
以上の如く、遠赤外線に対し、有効かつ操作性に優れる
偽装手段が強く求められているが、現状は、これらを満
足し、かつ他の探知・偵察手段に対し悪影響を及ぼさな
い有用な偽装材料が見出されていない。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> As described above, there is a strong need for effective and easy-to-operate means of disguising far-infrared rays, but at present, there is a strong need for methods for disguising far-infrared rays that are both effective and easy to operate. No useful camouflaging material has been found that does not have an adverse effect on the camouflage.
〈課題を解決するための手段〉
本発明は１反射や断熱の方式ではなく、散乱と吸収によ
って対遠赤外線偽装性能を得ようとするもので、具体的
には。<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention aims to obtain far-infrared camouflage performance by scattering and absorption rather than by a single reflection or heat insulation method, specifically.
表面に平均深さまたは高さが１ミクロン以上の凹部また
は凸部を有する合成樹脂フィルムからなり、遠赤外線の
直進透過率の平均値が２０チ以下であることを特徴とす
る対遠赤外線偽装用フィルムである。For camouflaging far infrared rays, the film is made of a synthetic resin film having concave or convex portions with an average depth or height of 1 micron or more on the surface, and has an average straight transmittance of far infrared rays of 20 inches or less. It's a film.
合成樹脂フィルムの表面に凹部または凸部（以下凹凸部
と略す）を形成させるとフィルムを通過する熱線はラン
ダムな方向に向けられる。これによって直進する遠赤外
線量は減少することとなる〇し念がって直接感じる熱さ
を緩和させようとするものである。When depressions or projections (hereinafter referred to as irregularities) are formed on the surface of a synthetic resin film, the heat rays passing through the film are directed in random directions. This reduces the amount of far infrared rays that travel straight through, and is intended to alleviate the heat that is directly felt.
物体から発した遠赤外線は、遠赤外線を吸収する合成樹
脂フィルムに一部または大部分吸収され、その一部は熱
に変わりフィルムの温度を高め、みずから遠赤外線を発
する。また一部はフィルムを通過しようとする。これら
の再放射や通過する遠赤外線を表面の凹凸部でランダム
な方向に散乱させる。遠赤外線もプリズム効果で凹凸に
より屈折する。再放射する遠赤外線も物体の垂直方向に
もつとも強く放射するので５表面が凹凸部を有している
ことによって、遠赤外線の直進を妨害する。Far-infrared rays emitted from an object are partially or mostly absorbed by a synthetic resin film that absorbs far-infrared rays, and some of it is converted into heat, increasing the temperature of the film, which then emits far-infrared rays itself. Some also try to pass through the film. These re-radiated and passing far infrared rays are scattered in random directions by the unevenness of the surface. Far-infrared rays are also refracted by unevenness due to the prism effect. Since the re-radiated far infrared rays are also strongly radiated in the vertical direction of the object, the unevenness of the surface 5 obstructs the far infrared rays from traveling straight.
フィルムの表面に凹凸部を形成する方法としてはいくつ
かある。よく知られている梨地のエンボス等でも有効で
ある。凹凸部として細い畝を作る方法を用いるとより有
効である。特に隣り合う畝の間隔を０．５■未満とする
ことによって、直進透過率を大きく減少させることがで
きる。梨地であろうが細い畝であろうがその凹部の深さ
ｔｅは凸部の高さは１μ以上である事が必要で、それ以
下では鏡面として作用し、遠赤外線を散乱させるには不
十分である。畝の幅も凹部の深さまたは凸部の高さと関
係するが、０．５Ｗ以上であると散乱効果が不充分とな
る。ここで畝の形状は結果的に散乱効果が充分で遠赤外
線の直進透過率が素材による吸収・反射等と合せて１５
チ以下になればよいのであって、特に制約するものでは
ないが、その断面が三角、四角、半円等が適用可能であ
る。またその畝は一方向でも多方向でもあるいはあたか
も模様のごとく形成されていてもよい。There are several methods for forming uneven portions on the surface of a film. It is also effective for embossing the well-known satin finish. It is more effective to use a method of creating thin ridges as the uneven parts. In particular, by setting the distance between adjacent ridges to less than 0.5 square meters, the straight transmittance can be greatly reduced. Whether it is a satin finish or a thin ridge, the depth te of the concave part and the height of the convex part must be 1 μ or more, and if it is less than that, it will act as a mirror surface and will not be enough to scatter far infrared rays. It is. The width of the ridge is also related to the depth of the concave portion or the height of the convex portion, but if it is 0.5 W or more, the scattering effect will be insufficient. Here, the shape of the ridges results in a sufficient scattering effect, and the straight transmittance of far infrared rays is 15, including absorption and reflection by the material.
It is sufficient that the cross section is less than or equal to 100 mm, and there is no particular restriction, but a triangular, square, semicircular, etc. cross section is applicable. Moreover, the ridges may be formed in one direction, in multiple directions, or as if they were a pattern.
この様な合成樹脂フィルムに凹凸部を形成する方法とし
ては、フィルム形成後に凹凸部を有する熱ロールに圧着
したり、レーザー プラズマのエネルギーを利用したり
等の後加工的な方法、押出し成型する時のノズルの形状
を念とえばノコギリ歯状にする方法が挙げられる。Methods for forming uneven parts on such synthetic resin films include post-processing methods such as pressing onto a heated roll having uneven parts after film formation, using laser plasma energy, and extrusion molding. An example of this method is to make the nozzle have a sawtooth shape.
合成樹脂フィルムの素材としては、有機化合物であれば
、いずれも程度の差はあるが遠赤外線を吸収する性能を
有する。その中でもポリビニルアルコール系樹脂、ポリ
塩化ビニル系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂等が特にすぐｉ
ｔている。As the material for the synthetic resin film, any organic compound has the ability to absorb far infrared rays, although there are differences in degree. Among them, polyvinyl alcohol resins, polyvinyl chloride resins, polyester resins, etc. are particularly easy to use.
I'm here.
遠赤外線の吸収能は当然フィルムが厚くなれば増加する
。したがって表面に凹凸部を形成する前の吸収率が５０
％以上である材料とする事によって遠赤外線のエネルギ
ーの半分以上を熱に換え空気中に放熱させると、散乱だ
けでｉｌ″ｊｙｘ＜、両者の効果によって遠赤外線バリ
アー効果を高めることができる。遠赤外線の吸収を助け
るものとして遠赤外線の吸収剤としてたとえば無機・有
機顔料や各種セラミック材料を樹脂中に添加することも
有効である。ま友表面にアルミ蒸着することやアルミ箔
全混入し九りすることは、可視光による探知を著しく招
かない限り、行なうことができる。The ability to absorb far infrared rays naturally increases as the film becomes thicker. Therefore, the absorption rate before forming irregularities on the surface is 50
% or more, converting more than half of the far infrared energy into heat and dissipating it into the air, the far infrared barrier effect can be enhanced by both effects. It is also effective to add inorganic/organic pigments and various ceramic materials to the resin as far-infrared absorbers to help absorb infrared rays.It is also effective to add inorganic/organic pigments and various ceramic materials to the resin. This can be done as long as it does not significantly invite detection by visible light.
本発明のフィルムは、そのままの状態で、あるいはテー
プ状にカットして製編織することによってシートの状態
とし、これをフィルムと同じ使い方をしても良く、又こ
のフィルムにさらに穴を開けたり、他のバリアー材との
複合体としても使用される。The film of the present invention may be used as it is, or by cutting it into a tape shape and knitting it into a sheet and using it in the same way as a film. Also used as a composite with other barrier materials.
なお本発明で百う遠赤外線の直進透過率、吸収率、凹凸
の平均深さまたは高さは以下のように測定される。In the present invention, the straight transmittance and absorption of far-infrared rays, and the average depth or height of unevenness are measured as follows.
０遠赤外線の平均直進透過率
公知の赤外線分光光度計を使用し、赤外線の波長８〜１
３μｍの長波長域の遠赤外線の透過率を記碌紙上に描か
せ、透過部分の積分面積値Ａを１００チ透過時の面積値
Ｂで除したものである。0 average straight transmittance of far infrared rays Using a known infrared spectrophotometer, infrared wavelengths of 8 to 1
The transmittance of far infrared rays in the long wavelength region of 3 μm is drawn on a piece of paper, and the integrated area value A of the transmitted portion is divided by the area value B when 100 pixels are transmitted.
遠赤外線の平均透過率＝ＴＸ１００
直線透過率とあえて定義したのは１通常の赤外線分光光
度計では、鏡面の透明なフィルムを使って測定する。こ
の場合には赤外線はほとんど直進するので問題ないが、
フィルムの表面が凹凸部を有していると散乱によって直
進しなくなると共に材料の吸収によって透過が減少する
作用と散乱によって減少する作用が混合されてしまう。Average transmittance of far-infrared rays = TX100 Linear transmittance is purposely defined as 1.In ordinary infrared spectrophotometers, measurements are performed using a mirror-like transparent film. In this case, there is no problem because the infrared rays almost always travel straight, but
If the surface of the film has irregularities, scattering prevents the light from traveling straight, and the effects of reducing transmission due to absorption by the material and those due to scattering are mixed.
公知の赤外分光光度計は、構造上直進して来る赤外線を
主に測定している事になっている。すなわち直進透過率
とは通常の赤外分光光度計で常法で測定される透過率の
ことである。Due to their structure, known infrared spectrophotometers mainly measure infrared rays that travel in a straight line. That is, the straight transmittance is the transmittance measured by a conventional method using a conventional infrared spectrophotometer.
測定に際してはサンプル部分のバラツキを防ぐ念めにｎ
＝５以上副足し平均値とする。遠赤外線の平均吸収率は
表面平滑なフィルムを赤外分光光度計で測り、８〜１３
１１波長領域での平均吸収率である。散乱がなければ平
均吸収率は１００％より平均透過率を差引いた値である
。When measuring, be sure to take precautions to prevent variations in the sample portion.
= 5 or more sub-additions shall be taken as the average value. The average absorption rate of far infrared rays was measured using an infrared spectrophotometer on a film with a smooth surface, and was 8 to 13.
This is the average absorption rate in 11 wavelength regions. In the absence of scattering, the average absorption is 100% minus the average transmittance.
）凹凸部の平均深さまたは高さ
フィルムの表面に一見して凸部のみしか存在しない場合
であっても隣り合う凸部の間には必ず凹部が存在してお
り、逆に隣り合う凹部との間には必ず凸部が存在してい
ることとなる。本発明で言う凹部の深さおよび凸部の高
さとは、隣り合う凹凸の凸部の頂点と凹部の底点との間
の高１屍差を意味しており、シ念がって凹部の深さと凸
部の高さは同じことを意味していることとなる。具体的
な測定方法としては、凹凸部の断面の多数個（通常はｎ
＞１０ ）について光学顕微鏡、走査型顕微Ｑ等により
、凹部と凸部間のクリアランスを測定し、その平均クリ
アランスをミクロン単位で示す。) Average depth or height of uneven portionsEven if there are only convex portions on the surface of the film, there are always concave portions between adjacent convex portions, and vice versa. There is always a convex portion between them. In the present invention, the depth of a concave portion and the height of a convex portion refer to the difference in height of one point between the apex of the convex portion of adjacent concave and convex portions and the bottom point of the concave portion. The depth and the height of the convex portion mean the same thing. As a specific measurement method, a large number of cross sections (usually n
>10 ), the clearance between the concave portion and the convex portion was measured using an optical microscope, a scanning microscope Q, etc., and the average clearance is shown in microns.
実施例１
ポリビニルアルコールの濃厚水溶液より歯型状のスリッ
トノズルより通常の乾式押出法によりフィルム成形し、
これを後熱延伸し、第１図の様な軟構造を有する畝幅３
０μの畝を形成する谷部の厚さ２５μｍ、篩部の厚さ５
０μｍの表具とも細い畝を有するフィルムを作製した。Example 1 A film was formed from a concentrated aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol through a tooth-shaped slit nozzle using a conventional dry extrusion method.
This is then hot-stretched to create a ridge width of 3 with a soft structure as shown in Figure 1.
The thickness of the valley part forming the 0μ ridge is 25μm, and the thickness of the sieve part is 5μm.
A film having 0 μm mounting and thin ridges was produced.
そのフィルムの８〜１３μ波長の赤外線透過曲線は第２
図の通りであった。この図より明らかなように８〜１３
μｍの波長領域の遠赤外線の透過率は２−であった（散
乱でない鏡面ポリビニルアルコールフィルムでは７％と
なり、散乱により約１／３になる）。このフィルムの遠
赤外線バリアー性能を測定するために１００℃の発熱体
にこのフィルムを被覆し、デシラボ社製のサーモピュア
ー装置で観察したところ３６℃（室温２０℃）に測定さ
れ、大幅な温度低下が観察され、対遠赤外線偽装フィル
ムとして優れたものでおることが判った。この事は高熱
の物体の近くでも、あたかも高熱体が存在しない様に感
じられる事を意味しており、遠赤外線探知機により探知
されにくいことを意味している。The film's infrared transmission curve for wavelengths from 8 to 13μ is second to
It was as shown in the diagram. As is clear from this figure, 8 to 13
The transmittance of far infrared rays in the μm wavelength region was 2- (7% for a non-scattering specular polyvinyl alcohol film, and reduced to about 1/3 due to scattering). In order to measure the far-infrared barrier performance of this film, this film was coated on a heating element at 100°C, and when observed with a Thermopure device manufactured by Desirabo, it was measured at 36°C (room temperature 20°C), which was a significant temperature decrease. was observed, and it was found that the film was excellent as a far-infrared camouflage film. This means that even when near a high-temperature object, it feels as if the high-temperature object does not exist, making it difficult for far-infrared detectors to detect it.
第１図は、不発明フィルムの一例の斜視図であり、第２
図は、実施例１のフィルムの亦外線透過曲線、第３図は
表面が鏡面の１厚さ５０μのポリビニルアルコールフィ
ルムの赤外線透過曲線である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of the non-inventive film;
The figure shows the infrared transmission curve of the film of Example 1, and FIG. 3 shows the infrared transmission curve of a 50 μm thick polyvinyl alcohol film with a mirror surface.
Claims (1)
赤外線の直進透過率の平均値が２０％以下であることを
特徴とする対遠赤外線偽装用フィルム。[Claims] The average depth or height on the surface is 1 micron or more. A far-infrared camouflage film comprising a synthetic resin film having concave or convex portions and having an average straight far-infrared transmittance of 20% or less.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1141654A JP2506447B2 (en) | 1989-06-02 | 1989-06-02 | Far-infrared camouflage film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1141654A JP2506447B2 (en) | 1989-06-02 | 1989-06-02 | Far-infrared camouflage film |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH037894A true JPH037894A (en) | 1991-01-16 |
| JP2506447B2 JP2506447B2 (en) | 1996-06-12 |
Family
ID=15297072
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1141654A Expired - Lifetime JP2506447B2 (en) | 1989-06-02 | 1989-06-02 | Far-infrared camouflage film |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2506447B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63117235A (en) * | 1986-11-04 | 1988-05-21 | Ono Sokki Co Ltd | Load control |
| JP2003260751A (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-16 | Toray Ind Inc | Far infrared ray camouflaged sheet |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4495239A (en) * | 1977-11-15 | 1985-01-22 | Gunter Pusch | Camouflage materials having a wide-band effect and system incorporating same |
| JPH02500731A (en) * | 1986-08-21 | 1990-03-15 | ハンデルスボラゲット ラディクール リサーチ アンド デベロプメント | Web material for camouflage against electromagnetic radiation |
-
1989
- 1989-06-02 JP JP1141654A patent/JP2506447B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4495239A (en) * | 1977-11-15 | 1985-01-22 | Gunter Pusch | Camouflage materials having a wide-band effect and system incorporating same |
| JPH02500731A (en) * | 1986-08-21 | 1990-03-15 | ハンデルスボラゲット ラディクール リサーチ アンド デベロプメント | Web material for camouflage against electromagnetic radiation |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63117235A (en) * | 1986-11-04 | 1988-05-21 | Ono Sokki Co Ltd | Load control |
| JP2003260751A (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-16 | Toray Ind Inc | Far infrared ray camouflaged sheet |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2506447B2 (en) | 1996-06-12 |
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