JPH0367648B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0367648B2
JPH0367648B2 JP19336285A JP19336285A JPH0367648B2 JP H0367648 B2 JPH0367648 B2 JP H0367648B2 JP 19336285 A JP19336285 A JP 19336285A JP 19336285 A JP19336285 A JP 19336285A JP H0367648 B2 JPH0367648 B2 JP H0367648B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fruit
horizontal position
harvested
section
detection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP19336285A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6251918A (en
Inventor
Masaaki Nishinaka
Yoshihiro Ueda
Nobuyuki Nishiguchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kubota Corp
Original Assignee
Kubota Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kubota Corp filed Critical Kubota Corp
Priority to JP19336285A priority Critical patent/JPS6251918A/en
Publication of JPS6251918A publication Critical patent/JPS6251918A/en
Publication of JPH0367648B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0367648B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、主としてミカン、リンゴ等の果実を
収穫するのに使用する果実収穫用ロボツトハンド
に関し、詳しくは、内部に果実収納空間を備え、
且つ、上部に果実取入口を備える果実捕捉部を、
果実取入口が上方を向く設定回動位置に復帰付勢
した状態でアームに、前後揺動自在に枢着し、前
記果実捕捉部を収穫対象果実の下方箇所に誘導す
る誘導手段を設け、収穫対象果実が前記果実取入
口に位置していることを検出する第1果実検出手
段を設け、前記第1果実検出手段が検出作用する
まで、前記誘導手段により誘導した前記果実捕捉
部を上昇移動させる第1上昇移動手段を設け、収
穫対象果実に対する前記果実捕捉部の水平方向で
の位置を検出する水平位置検出手段を設け、前記
第1上昇移動手段による上昇移動時において、前
記水平位置検出手段の検出結果に基づいて前記果
実捕捉部の水平方向での位置を対象果実側へ移動
調整する水平位置調整手段を設け、収穫対象果実
が前記果実収納空間内に取り入れられたことを検
出する第2果実検出手段を設け、前記第2果実検
出手段が検出作用するまで、前記第1上昇移動手
段にて上昇された前記果実捕捉部を上昇移動させ
る第2果実上昇移動手段を設けた果実収穫用ロボ
ツトハンドに関する。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a fruit harvesting robot hand mainly used for harvesting fruits such as tangerines and apples, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a fruit harvesting robot hand that is provided with a fruit storage space inside,
and a fruit trapping part with a fruit intake port on the upper part,
A guide means is provided, which is pivotally attached to the arm so as to be able to swing back and forth in a state where the fruit intake port is returned to the set rotational position facing upward, and guides the fruit trap to a lower part of the fruit to be harvested. A first fruit detecting means for detecting that the target fruit is located at the fruit intake port is provided, and the fruit trap guided by the guiding means is moved upward until the first fruit detecting means takes a detecting action. A first upward moving means is provided, and a horizontal position detecting means is provided for detecting the horizontal position of the fruit trap with respect to the fruit to be harvested, and when the first upward moving means moves upward, the horizontal position detecting means A second fruit that detects that the fruit to be harvested has been taken into the fruit storage space, further comprising a horizontal position adjustment means for moving and adjusting the horizontal position of the fruit catching section toward the target fruit based on the detection result. A robot hand for fruit harvesting, comprising: a detection means; and a second fruit lifting means for upwardly moving the fruit catching section lifted by the first lifting means until the second fruit detecting means performs a detection action. Regarding.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

かかる果実収穫用ロボツトハンドにおいては、
一般に、収穫対象果実の下方箇所に誘導した果実
捕捉部を、第1上昇移動手段にて設定量上昇させ
る毎に、水平位置調整手段にて果実に対する捕捉
部の水平方向での位置を調整しながら、収穫対象
果実を果実取入口に位置させるようにした後、第
2上昇移動手段にて設定量上昇移動させて、収穫
対象果実を捕捉部内に取り入れるのである。
In such a fruit harvesting robot hand,
In general, each time the fruit trap guided to the lower part of the fruit to be harvested is raised by a set amount by the first upward movement means, the horizontal position of the trap with respect to the fruit is adjusted by the horizontal position adjustment means. After the fruit to be harvested is positioned in the fruit intake port, the fruit to be harvested is moved upward by a set amount by the second upward movement means, and the fruit to be harvested is taken into the trapping section.

ところで、従来では、上記の如く、第2上昇移
動手段にて設定量上昇移動させても収穫対象果実
を捕捉部内に取り込れられなかつた場合には、果
実捕捉部を車体側に一旦復帰させた後、再度、果
実捕捉部を収穫対象果実に向けて移動させてから
上記の如く捕捉部を上昇移動させて収穫対象果実
を捕捉部内に取り入れるようにしていた。
By the way, conventionally, as described above, when the fruit to be harvested cannot be taken into the trapping section even if the fruit to be harvested is moved upward by a set amount by the second upward moving means, the fruit trapping section is temporarily returned to the vehicle body side. After that, the fruit trapping section is moved again toward the fruit to be harvested, and then the trapping section is moved upward as described above to take the fruit to be harvested into the trapping section.

ちなみに、果実捕捉部を設定回動位置に復帰付
勢しておくことによつて、アームの姿勢変更に拘
らず果実捕捉部を果実の取り入れに適した姿勢に
維持できるものとなる。
Incidentally, by biasing the fruit catching section back to the set rotational position, the fruit catching section can be maintained in a posture suitable for taking in fruit regardless of changes in the posture of the arm.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

しかしながら、上記従来手段によると、果実捕
捉部を車体側に一旦復帰させてから再度収穫対象
果実側へ移動させることを繰り返し行わなければ
ならず、作業能率が低下する不都合があつた。
However, according to the above-mentioned conventional means, it is necessary to repeatedly return the fruit catching section to the vehicle body side and then move it again to the side of the fruit to be harvested, which has the disadvantage of reducing work efficiency.

上記収穫対象果実を捕捉部内に取り入れること
ができない理由について説明すれば、水平位置調
整手段を構成するに、例えば果実捕捉部の外周部
に、複数個の指状の果実検出用接触センサを周方
向に沿つて並置し、その接触センサの情報に基づ
いて、果実捕捉部を果実検出状態にある接触セン
サの位置する方向に設定量水平移動させるように
しているが、前記接触センサが果実の近くに位置
する枝等のために誤検出作動を起こす虞れがある
こと等に起因して、果実の一部が果実取入口から
はみ出して位置することがあり、その状態におい
て第2上昇移動手段にて上昇移動させても収穫対
象果実を適確に取り入れることができない虞れが
あつた。
To explain the reason why the fruit to be harvested cannot be taken into the trapping section, the horizontal position adjustment means includes, for example, a plurality of finger-shaped fruit detection contact sensors installed in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the fruit trapping section. , and based on the information from the contact sensors, the fruit trapping section is horizontally moved by a set amount in the direction in which the contact sensor in the fruit detection state is located. Due to the risk of erroneous detection due to the presence of branches, etc., a portion of the fruit may protrude from the fruit intake port, and in this state, the second lifting means Even if it were moved upward, there was a risk that the fruits to be harvested could not be taken in properly.

そして、第9図イ,ロ及び第10図イ,ロに示
すように、収穫対象果実Mが果実取入口Gから後
方寄りに位置している場合と、前方寄りに位置し
ている場合とを比較すると、前者の場合は、捕捉
部Hの上昇移動に伴つて捕捉部Hが後方側が下位
となる傾斜姿勢となると共に、果実Mが上方側へ
押し上げられるに伴つて果梗と枝との接続部を支
点にして果実Mを下方側へ揺動することになり、
その果実Mの揺動方向に果実収納空間Dがあるた
め果実Mを捕捉部内に取り入れることができる
が、後者の場合は、前記同様に、果実捕捉部Hを
上昇させても、果実Mの揺動方向に果実収納空間
Dがないため果実Mを捕捉部内に取り入れること
ができないのである。
As shown in Fig. 9 A and B and Fig. 10 A and B, there are two cases in which the fruit M to be harvested is located towards the rear of the fruit intake port G and a case in which it is located towards the front. Comparatively, in the former case, as the catching part H moves upward, the catching part H assumes an inclined position with the rear side facing downward, and as the fruit M is pushed upward, the connection between the peduncle and the branch increases. The fruit M will be swung downward using the part as a fulcrum,
Since there is a fruit storage space D in the direction in which the fruit M swings, the fruit M can be taken into the trapping section, but in the latter case, even if the fruit trapping section H is raised, the fruit M cannot be shaken. Since there is no fruit storage space D in the direction of movement, the fruit M cannot be taken into the trap.

ちなみに、果梗は樹木から延びる枝に対して枝
先端側へ向かつて延びているものであり、しか
も、アームが果梗の伸びる方向と同一方向に向か
う状態で収穫作業を行うことになるため、上記の
現象を生じるものである。
By the way, the fruit stems extend towards the tip of the branches extending from the tree, and the harvesting work is done with the arm pointing in the same direction as the fruit stems grow. This causes the above phenomenon.

本発明は、上記実情に鑑みてなされたものであ
つて、その目的は、収穫対象果実が果実取入口か
ら前方側へはみ出している場合においても作業能
率を低下させることなく、果実を果実捕捉部内に
取り入れることができるようにする点にある。
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to move the fruit into the fruit trapping part without reducing work efficiency even when the fruit to be harvested protrudes forward from the fruit intake port. The point is to make it possible to incorporate it into the

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

本発明の特徴構成は、前記第2上昇移動手段1
05による上昇量が設定量に達したことを検出す
る上昇量検出手段107が検出作用するに伴つて
前記果実捕捉部Hを設定量下降移動させる下降移
動手段108を設け、前記下降移動手段108に
よる下降移動後において前記果実捕捉部Hを、そ
の前方側に設定量水平移動させる水平位置補正手
段109を設け、前記水平位置補正手段109に
よる水平位置補正後において前記第2果実検出手
段106が検出作用するまで前記果実捕捉部Hを
再び上昇移動させる再上昇移動手段110を設け
た点にある(第1図参照)。
The characteristic configuration of the present invention is that the second upward movement means 1
A descending moving means 108 is provided which moves the fruit catching section H downward by a set amount when the rising amount detecting means 107 detects that the rising amount by 05 has reached a set amount, A horizontal position correction means 109 is provided to horizontally move the fruit catching section H by a set amount to the front side after the downward movement, and after the horizontal position correction by the horizontal position correction means 109, the second fruit detection means 106 performs a detection operation. The present invention is characterized in that a re-elevating means 110 is provided for moving the fruit catching section H upward again until it reaches the upper limit (see FIG. 1).

そして、その特徴構成の作用及び効果は次の通
りである。
The functions and effects of the characteristic configuration are as follows.

〔作用〕[Effect]

すなわち、果実取入口に位置している果実が果
実収納空間内に取り入れるように果実捕捉部を上
昇移動させる第2上昇移動手段による第2上昇量
が設定量に達したことが検出され、且つ、第2果
実検出手段により果実が果実収納空間内に取り入
れられたことが検出されなかつた場合には、果実
取入口の前方側に果実がはみ出しているものと判
断して、果実捕捉部を下降させると共に、捕捉部
前方側に設定量水平移動させ、その後、前記第2
果実検出手段にて果実が検出されるまで前記果実
捕捉部を再び上昇移動させて果実を捕捉部内に取
り入れるようにするのである。
That is, it is detected that the second lifting amount by the second lifting means for lifting the fruit trap so that the fruit located at the fruit intake port is taken into the fruit storage space has reached the set amount, and If the second fruit detection means does not detect that the fruit has been taken into the fruit storage space, it is determined that the fruit is protruding to the front side of the fruit intake opening, and the fruit trapping section is lowered. At the same time, the capturing section is moved horizontally to the front side by a set amount, and then the second
The fruit trapping section is moved upward again until the fruit is detected by the fruit detecting means to take the fruit into the trapping section.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

したがつて、収穫対象果実の下方箇所に誘導し
た果実捕捉部を上昇移動させる際に、対象果実の
水平方向での位置が捕捉部前方側に変更されるこ
とがあつても、果実捕捉部も車体側に復帰させず
に、果実捕捉部を下降させて前方側へ水平移動さ
せた後、再度上昇させるだけで、収穫対象果実を
果実捕捉部内に取り入れることができるので、作
業能率を低下させることなく、適確に収穫作業を
行わせることができるようになつた。
Therefore, even if the horizontal position of the target fruit is changed to the front side of the trap when moving the fruit trap guided to the lower part of the fruit to be harvested, the fruit trap will also move upward. The fruit to be harvested can be taken into the fruit trap by simply lowering the fruit trap, horizontally moving it forward, and then raising it again without returning it to the vehicle body, which reduces work efficiency. It has become possible to have the harvesting work done accurately.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

第7図に示すように、各別に正逆転が切換操作
自在な油圧モータ1a,1bにより駆動自在な左
右一対の推進車輪2a,2bを設け、それら車輪
2a,2bから離れた箇所にキヤスター3を設
け、機体フレーム4の上部に原動部E及び駆動回
転自在な旋回台5を設けると共に、果実捕捉部H
及びその支持アーム6からなる果実収穫用ロボツ
トBを、前記旋回台5の上部に設けた支持枠7に
取付けて、果実収穫機を構成してある。但し、図
中Aは、前記旋回台5に対するモータ操作部であ
る。
As shown in FIG. 7, a pair of left and right propulsion wheels 2a, 2b are provided, which can be driven by hydraulic motors 1a, 1b which can be independently switched between forward and reverse directions, and a caster 3 is installed at a location away from these wheels 2a, 2b. In addition, a driving unit E and a rotatable swivel table 5 are provided on the upper part of the body frame 4, and a fruit catching unit H is provided.
A fruit harvesting robot B consisting of a support arm 6 and a support arm 6 thereof is attached to a support frame 7 provided on the upper part of the swivel base 5 to constitute a fruit harvesting machine. However, A in the figure is a motor operation unit for the swivel base 5.

前記支持アーム6を構成するに、前記支持枠7
に上下揺動自在に枢支される角筒状の第1アーム
6a、その第1アーム6aの内側に挿脱可能に内
嵌される第2アーム6b、そのアーム6bの先端
に接続される第3アーム6cを夫々設け、もつ
て、前記第1アーム6aの内部に備える電動モー
タm1の回転により前記第2アーム6bスライド
作動させる、直線スライド伸縮式に構成してあ
る。但し、図中m2は、支持アーム6を支持枠7
に対して上下揺動操作するエンコーダ付電動モー
タである。
The support arm 6 is configured by the support frame 7.
A square cylindrical first arm 6a is pivotally supported to be vertically swingable, a second arm 6b is removably fitted inside the first arm 6a, and a second arm 6b is connected to the tip of the arm 6b. Three arms 6c are provided respectively, and the second arm 6b is slidably operated by the rotation of an electric motor m1 provided inside the first arm 6a, and is constructed in a linear sliding telescopic type. However, m2 in the figure indicates that the support arm 6 is connected to the support frame 7.
This is an electric motor with an encoder that swings up and down against the ground.

第5図及び第6図に示すように、前記果実捕捉
部Hを構成するに、筒状のケース8を設けると共
に、ゴム製の第1乃至第6指状部材F1乃至F6を、
ケース8の上方周縁部に立設し、もつて、ケース
8及び複数の指状部材F1乃至F6にて囲まれる果
実収納空間D備えさせ、且つ、複数の指状部材
F1乃至F6の先端部にて囲まれる状態で形成され
る果実取入口Gを備えさせるようにしてある。
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the fruit catching section H includes a cylindrical case 8 and first to sixth finger-like members F 1 to F 6 made of rubber.
A fruit storage space D stands up on the upper peripheral edge of the case 8 and is surrounded by the case 8 and the plurality of finger-like members F 1 to F 6 , and includes a plurality of finger-like members.
It is provided with a fruit intake port G surrounded by the tips of F 1 to F 6 .

そして、果実捕捉部Hを前記アーム6に取付け
るに、二又状支持枠9を第3アーム6cの先端に
アーム長手方向に沿う軸芯Y周りに回動自在に取
付け、果実捕捉部Hを前記二又状支持枠9の先端
部に水平軸芯X周りに回動自在に取付け、果実捕
捉部Hを、果実取入口Gが上方を向く設定回動位
置つまり水平姿勢に自重で復帰付勢させるように
構成してある。
To attach the fruit catching section H to the arm 6, the forked support frame 9 is attached to the tip of the third arm 6c so as to be rotatable around the axis Y along the arm's longitudinal direction. It is attached to the tip of the forked support frame 9 so as to be rotatable around the horizontal axis X, and the fruit trapping part H is urged by its own weight to return to the set rotational position where the fruit intake port G faces upward, that is, to the horizontal position. It is structured as follows.

又、捕捉部内に導入された果実と枝とを接続す
る柄状部分、いわゆる果梗を果実取入口Gの中央
箇所に相当する所定位置に突出作動に伴つて押圧
支持する果梗支持部材10の6個を、出退揺動自
在に筒状ケース8に取付けると共に、それら果梗
支持部材10にて支持された果梗を切断するため
の円弧状スライド式カツタ11を、前記所定位置
の果梗対する切断位置に突出作動できるように出
退揺動自在に筒状ケース8に設けている。
In addition, the stem support member 10 presses and supports the stem-like portion connecting the fruit introduced into the trapping part and the branch, the so-called stem, at a predetermined position corresponding to the center of the fruit intake port G as it is projected. The six pieces are attached to the cylindrical case 8 so as to be able to swing in and out, and an arc-shaped sliding cutter 11 for cutting the stem supported by the stem supporting member 10 is attached to the stem at the predetermined position. It is provided in the cylindrical case 8 so as to be able to swing forward and backward so that it can be projected into the cutting position.

つまり、前記果実捕捉部Hを、後述の如く収穫
対象果実Mの下方箇所に誘導し、そして、収穫対
象果実Mの下方箇所に誘導した前記果実捕捉部H
を上昇移動して捕捉部H内に果実Mを取り入れ、
その状態において、果梗支持部材10を突出作動
させて果梗を支持する共にカツタ11にて果梗を
切断して、果実Mを収穫することになる。
That is, the fruit catching section H is guided to a lower part of the fruit M to be harvested as described later, and the fruit catching part H guided to the lower part of the fruit M to be harvested.
moves upward to take in the fruit M into the trapping part H,
In this state, the fruit stem supporting member 10 is operated to protrude to support the fruit stem, and the fruit stem is cut by the cutter 11 to harvest the fruit M.

前記果梗支持部材10及びカツタ11出退作動
させる構造について説明すれば、往復回動自在な
筒状部材12を、前記筒状ケース8に内嵌支承す
ると共に、前記筒状部材12を操作する電動モー
タ13を前記筒状ケース8に設け、もつて、後述
の中央センサ19の検出信号に基づいて電動モー
タ13を作動させることにより筒状部材12を回
転させて果梗支持部材10及びカツタ11を出退
揺動させるようにしてある。
To explain the structure for moving the fruit stem support member 10 and the cutter 11 in and out, a reciprocatingly rotatable cylindrical member 12 is fitted and supported in the cylindrical case 8, and the cylindrical member 12 is operated. An electric motor 13 is provided in the cylindrical case 8, and the cylindrical member 12 is rotated by operating the electric motor 13 based on a detection signal from a central sensor 19, which will be described later. It is designed to swing in and out.

前記カツタ11及びそれを切断作動させるため
の構造について説明する。
The cutter 11 and the structure for operating the cutter will be explained.

第6図に示すように、2枚の円弧帯板状刃体
を、上下に重ね合わせた状態で長手方向に相対ス
ライド自在にピン連結してカツタ11を構成する
と共に、前記両刃体を相対スライドさせるための
空気圧シリンダ14を設け、もつて、空気圧シリ
ンダ14の伸縮作動により両刃体を相対スライド
させてカツタ11を切断作動させるようにしてあ
る。
As shown in FIG. 6, the cutter 11 is constructed by connecting two arcuate band-shaped blades with a pin so that they can be slid relative to each other in the longitudinal direction while stacked vertically, and the double blades can be slid relative to each other. A pneumatic cylinder 14 is provided for cutting the cutter 11, and the double-edged blades are slid relative to each other by the expansion and contraction operation of the pneumatic cylinder 14, thereby operating the cutter 11 for cutting.

次に、果実捕捉部Hを収穫対象果実Mの下方箇
所に誘導する誘導手段100について説明する。
Next, the guiding means 100 for guiding the fruit catching section H to the lower part of the fruit M to be harvested will be explained.

第7図に示すように、収穫対象果実Mの有る方
向を認識する撮像手段してのテレビカメラ15
を、第3アーム6cの上端部に、光軸がアーム伸
縮方向と平行な状態で取付け、このテレビカメラ
15の撮像を写し出すモニター16を設け、モニ
ター16に写し出される果実のうちの収穫対象果
実Mを選択するライトペン17を設け、果実捕捉
部Hが収穫対象果実Mに対して設定距離以内に接
近したことを検出する赤外線近接センサ18を、
第3アーム6cの上端部に設け、そして、果実選
択情報、近接センサ18の検出情報、アーム駆動
用モータm1,m2や旋回台5の回転情報、及び、
予め記憶された制御情報に基づいて作動指令を出
力するマイクロコンピユータ利用の制御装置Cを
設けてある。
As shown in FIG. 7, a television camera 15 serves as an imaging means for recognizing the direction of the fruit M to be harvested.
is attached to the upper end of the third arm 6c with its optical axis parallel to the direction of extension and contraction of the arm, and a monitor 16 for projecting the image taken by the television camera 15 is provided. A light pen 17 is provided for selecting the fruit, and an infrared proximity sensor 18 is provided for detecting when the fruit capturing section H approaches the fruit M to be harvested within a set distance.
It is provided at the upper end of the third arm 6c, and contains fruit selection information, detection information of the proximity sensor 18, rotation information of the arm drive motors m 1 and m 2 and the swivel base 5, and
A control device C using a microcomputer is provided which outputs operation commands based on control information stored in advance.

つまり、第4図のフローチヤートに示すよう
に、テレビカメラ15によつて撮像された果実の
うちの収穫対象果実Mがライトペン17によつて
指示されると、収穫対象果実Mの有る方向(角
度)を演算検出処理し、その結果に基づいてテレ
ビカメラ15を対象果実Mに向けるように、旋回
台5、アーム揺動操作用モータm2を作動させて
方向(角度)調整を行わせ、次に、アーム6の伸
張作動により果実捕捉部Hを対象果実に移動させ
ることになる。
That is, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. angle), and based on the result, operate the swivel base 5 and the arm swing operation motor m2 to adjust the direction (angle) so that the television camera 15 is directed toward the target fruit M. Next, by extending the arm 6, the fruit catching section H is moved to the target fruit.

そして、前記アーム6の伸張作動中に近接セン
サ18が検出作用すると、果実捕捉部Hが収穫対
象果実Mに対して設定距離以内に近接したと判断
して対象果実側へ設定距離減速移動させるのであ
る。
Then, when the proximity sensor 18 detects this while the arm 6 is being extended, it is determined that the fruit catching section H has approached the fruit M to be harvested within a set distance, and decelerates and moves the set distance toward the target fruit. be.

次に、収穫作動のための構成及びその制御作動
について詳述する。
Next, the configuration for harvesting operation and its control operation will be explained in detail.

すなわち、収穫対象果実Mが果実取入口Gの直
上箇所に位置していることを検出する第1果実検
出手段104、収穫対象果実Mに対する果実捕捉
部Hの水平方向での位置を検出する水平位置検出
手段103、収穫対象果実Mが果実収納空間D内
に取り入れられたことを検出する第2果実検出手
段106、及び、後述の第2上昇移動手段105
による上昇量が設定量に達したことを検出する上
昇量検出手段107を、それら手段からの検出情
報を制御作動のための情報として前記制御装置C
に入力すべく設けると共に、収穫対象果実Mの下
方箇所に誘導された果実捕捉部Hを、前記第1果
実検出手段104によつて前記果実取入口Gに収
穫対象果実Mが位置していることが判別されるま
で上昇移動させる第1上昇移動手段101、前記
第1上昇移動手段101による上昇移動時におい
て、前記水平位置検出手段103の検出情報に基
づいて果実捕捉部Hの水平方向での位置を調整す
る水平位置調整手段102、記第2果実検出手段
106によつて果実収納空間D内に収穫対象果実
Mが取り入れられたことが検出されるまで果実捕
捉部Hを上昇移動させる第2上昇移動手段10
5、前記上昇量検出手段107によつて上昇量が
設定量に達したことが検出されるに伴つて果実捕
捉部Hを下降移動させる下降移動手段108、前
記下降移動手段108による下降移動後において
果実捕捉部Hを、その前方側に設定量水平移動さ
せる水平位置補正手段109、前記水平位置補正
手段109による水平位置補正後において前記第
2果実検出手段106により収穫対象果実Mが検
出されるまで果実捕捉部Hを再び上昇移動させる
再上昇移動手段110、及び、果梗支持部材10
及びカツタ11を所定順序で作動させる果梗切断
手段の夫々を、前記制御装置Cを利用しながら構
成してあり、以下各手段について説明する。
That is, the first fruit detection means 104 detects that the fruit M to be harvested is located directly above the fruit intake port G, and the horizontal position detects the horizontal position of the fruit trap H with respect to the fruit M to be harvested. Detection means 103, second fruit detection means 106 that detects that the fruit M to be harvested is taken into the fruit storage space D, and second upward movement means 105, which will be described later.
The control device C uses detection information from these means as information for control operation.
The first fruit detecting means 104 locates the fruit M to be harvested at the fruit intake port G by the first fruit detecting means 104. During the upward movement by the first upward movement means 101, the position of the fruit trap H in the horizontal direction is determined based on the detection information of the horizontal position detection means 103. A second raising step that moves the fruit trap H upward until it is detected by the horizontal position adjustment means 102 that adjusts the horizontal position adjustment means 102 and the second fruit detection means 106 that the fruit M to be harvested is taken into the fruit storage space D. Transportation means 10
5. A descending moving means 108 that moves the fruit trap H downward when the rising amount detecting means 107 detects that the rising amount has reached a set amount, and after the descending movement by the descending moving means 108; Horizontal position correction means 109 for horizontally moving the fruit trap H by a set amount to the front side, until the fruit M to be harvested is detected by the second fruit detection means 106 after the horizontal position correction by the horizontal position correction means 109; Re-elevating means 110 for moving the fruit catching section H upward again, and fruit stem support member 10
and a stalk cutting means for operating the cutters 11 in a predetermined order are configured using the control device C, and each means will be explained below.

先ず、制御作動のための情報を検出する各手段
について説明する。
First, each means for detecting information for control operation will be explained.

前記第1果実検出手段104及び前記第2果実
検出手段106を構成するに、第6図に示すよう
に、収穫対象果実Mを検出するための果実検出用
接触式の中央センサ19を、前記果実取入口Gの
中央箇所と果実収納空間D内の下方箇所、つまり
前記果実捕捉部Hの内方側に引退した箇所とに亘
つて位置変更操作するパンタグラフ式リンク機構
Rの上部に設け、そのリンク機構Rを前記筒状ケ
ース8に組付けた底壁8aに設けると共に、前記
リンク機構Rと一体形成されたギヤ20と咬合す
るクラツク21を、前記底壁8aに固定された空
気圧シリンダ22のロツドの先端部にボルト固定
し、もつて、空気圧シリンダ22内に加圧空気が
供給されると、そのシリンダ22内部に備えスプ
リングの付勢力に抗して、果実取入口Gの中央箇
所に位置する中央センサ19を果実捕捉部H内方
箇所位置変更操作できるようにしてある。
As shown in FIG. 6, the first fruit detecting means 104 and the second fruit detecting means 106 are configured such that a contact type central sensor 19 for detecting the fruit M for detecting the fruit M to be harvested is connected to The link is provided at the upper part of the pantograph type link mechanism R that is operated to change the position between the central part of the intake port G and the lower part in the fruit storage space D, that is, the part retracted to the inside of the fruit catching part H. A mechanism R is provided on the bottom wall 8a assembled to the cylindrical case 8, and a crack 21 that engages with the gear 20 formed integrally with the link mechanism R is provided on the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 22 fixed to the bottom wall 8a. When pressurized air is supplied into the pneumatic cylinder 22, it is positioned at the center of the fruit intake port G against the biasing force of the spring provided inside the cylinder 22. The position of the central sensor 19 inside the fruit catching section H can be changed.

したがつて、果実取入口Gの中央箇所に位置さ
せた中央センサ19が検出作用するに伴つて、収
穫対象果実Mが果実取入口Gの直上方箇所に位置
していることを検出する第1果実検出手段104
を構成し、果実捕捉部Hの内方側箇所に位置させ
た中央センサ19が検出作用するに伴つて、収穫
対象果実Mが果実捕捉部H内に取り入れられたこ
とを検出する第2果実検出手段106を構成して
ある。
Therefore, as the central sensor 19 located at the center of the fruit intake port G acts for detection, the first sensor 19 detects that the fruit M to be harvested is located directly above the fruit intake port G. Fruit detection means 104
2nd fruit detection for detecting that the fruit M to be harvested has been taken into the fruit trapping section H as the central sensor 19, which is configured and located on the inner side of the fruit trapping section H, performs a detection action. Means 106 is configured.

そして、収穫対象果実Mが果実取入口Gの直上
方箇所に位置することを検出するに伴い、前記制
御装置Cの情報に基づいて中央センサ19を果実
捕捉部Hの内方側箇所に向けて下降させるように
してある。又、果実捕捉部Hを車体側に復帰作動
させた後、前記制御装置Cの情報に基づいて中央
センサ19を果実取入口Gの中央箇所に復帰作動
させるようにしてある。
When it is detected that the fruit M to be harvested is located directly above the fruit intake port G, the central sensor 19 is directed toward the inner side of the fruit trap H based on the information from the control device C. It is made to descend. Further, after the fruit catching section H is operated to return to the vehicle body side, the central sensor 19 is operated to return to the central position of the fruit intake port G based on the information from the control device C.

前記水平位置検出手段103を構成するに、第
5図に示すように、前記指状部材F1乃至F6夫々
の先端部に、接触式の果実検出用指センサS1至S6
を設けてある。
As shown in FIG. 5, the horizontal position detection means 103 includes contact-type fruit detection finger sensors S 1 to S 6 at the tips of each of the finger members F 1 to F 6 .
is provided.

前記上昇量検出手段107を構成するに、前記
アーム揺動操作用電動モータm2の操作軸と一体
回転するエンコーダ(図示せず)によりモータ駆
動後のエンコーダ値とモータ駆動前のエンコーダ
値とを減算し、その減算値に基づいて捕捉部Hの
上昇量を検出するようにしてある。
The rise amount detection means 107 includes an encoder (not shown) that rotates integrally with the operation shaft of the electric motor m2 for arm swing operation to detect an encoder value after the motor is driven and an encoder value before the motor is driven. The amount of rise of the trapping portion H is detected based on the subtracted value.

次に、前記制御装置Cを利用して構成される収
穫制御作動のための各手段について、第2図のフ
ローチヤートに基づいて説明する。
Next, each means for harvest control operation configured using the control device C will be explained based on the flowchart of FIG. 2.

前記第1上昇移動手段101を構成するに、前
記第1果実検出手段104が果実取入口Gに収穫
対象果実Mが位置していることを検出するまで、
果実捕捉部Hを設定量(R1=5mm)間欠的に上
昇移動させるようにアーム6を作動させるように
してある。尚、前記果実捕捉部Hを設定量(5
mm)づつ上昇させることを40回行つても中央セン
サ19が収穫対象果実Mを検出しない場合には、
収穫不能であると判断して、果実捕捉部Hを車体
側の所期位置に復帰させることになる。
The first upward moving means 101 comprises: until the first fruit detecting means 104 detects that the fruit M to be harvested is located in the fruit intake port G;
The arm 6 is actuated to intermittently move the fruit catching section H upward by a set amount (R 1 =5 mm). In addition, the fruit trapping part H is adjusted by a set amount (5
If the central sensor 19 does not detect the fruit M to be harvested even after raising the fruit by 40 mm),
It is determined that the fruit cannot be harvested, and the fruit trap H is returned to the intended position on the vehicle body side.

そして、上述の如く、果実捕捉部Hを上昇移動
させるに際して、設定量(R1=5mm)上昇させ
る毎に接触状態にある指センサS1乃至S6の有無を
チエツクして、接触状態の指センサS1乃至S6が有
る場合には、その指センサS1乃至S6の位置する側
に果実捕捉部Hを所定距離水平移動させるように
アーム6及び旋回台5を作動させるようにして、
果実捕捉部Hの水平方向での位置を調整する水平
位置調整手段102を構成してある。
As described above, when the fruit catching part H is moved upward, each time it is raised by a set amount (R 1 = 5 mm), the presence or absence of the finger sensors S 1 to S 6 that are in contact is checked, and the presence or absence of the finger sensors S 1 to S 6 that are in contact is checked. When there are sensors S 1 to S 6 , the arm 6 and the swivel base 5 are operated so as to horizontally move the fruit catcher H by a predetermined distance to the side where the finger sensors S 1 to S 6 are located,
A horizontal position adjustment means 102 is configured to adjust the horizontal position of the fruit catching section H.

前記第2上昇移動手段105を構成するに、果
実捕捉部Hの内方側箇所に位置させた前記中央セ
ンサ19が果実収納空間D内に取り入れられたこ
とを検出するまで前記果実捕捉部Hを設定量
(R2=15mm)間欠的に上昇移動させるようにアー
ム6を作動させるようにしてある。
The second upward moving means 105 is configured such that the fruit catching section H is moved until the central sensor 19 located at the inner side of the fruit catching section H detects that the fruit is taken into the fruit storage space D. The arm 6 is operated to move upward intermittently by a set amount (R 2 =15 mm).

そして、前記上昇量検出手段107により果実
捕捉部Hの単位上昇量R2の総和R3が設定量(150
mm)よりも大になつた場合には、アーム6を作動
させて前記上昇させた量だけ下降させるようにし
て、下降移動手段108を構成してある。
Then, the rise amount detection means 107 detects the sum R 3 of the unit rise amount R 2 of the fruit trap H by the set amount (150
mm), the arm 6 is operated to lower the arm 6 by the raised amount, thereby forming the lowering movement means 108.

又、前記果実捕捉部Hの下降移動後において、
アーム6を作動させることにより捕捉部前方側へ
設定量(15mm)前進させるようにして、水平位置
補正手段109を構成してある。
Further, after the fruit catching section H moves downward,
The horizontal position correction means 109 is configured to move the capturing section forward by a set amount (15 mm) by operating the arm 6.

そして、前記果実捕捉部Hの水平位置補正後、
前記第2果実検出手段106が果実収納空間D間
に収穫対象果実Mが取り入れられたことを検出す
るまで、果実捕捉部Hを設定量(R2=15mm)づ
つ間欠的に上昇移動させるようにアーム6を作動
させるようにして、再上昇移動手段110を構成
してある。
After correcting the horizontal position of the fruit catching section H,
Until the second fruit detecting means 106 detects that the fruit M to be harvested is taken in between the fruit storage spaces D, the fruit catching section H is intermittently moved upward by a set amount (R 2 = 15 mm). The re-elevating movement means 110 is configured to operate the arm 6.

尚、前記の如く、設定量(R2=15mm)上昇さ
せる毎に、果実捕捉部Hを上下あるいは水平方向
に揺動させるように、アーム6あるいは旋回台5
を作動させるようにしてある。又、前記果実捕捉
部Hを上昇させた量R3だけ下降させて、水平位
置補正を行つた後、再上昇移動手段110にて上
昇させた量R3が設定量(150mm)を越えても中央
センサ19が検出作用しない場合には収穫不能で
あると判断して、果実捕捉部Hを車体側の所期位
置に復帰させることになる。
In addition, as mentioned above, the arm 6 or the swivel base 5 is moved so that the fruit catching part H is swung vertically or horizontally each time it is raised by the set amount (R 2 = 15 mm).
It is set to operate. Furthermore, even if the amount R 3 raised by the re-ascent moving means 110 exceeds the set amount (150 mm) after the fruit catching portion H is lowered by the amount R 3 raised and the horizontal position is corrected. If the central sensor 19 does not detect the fruit, it is determined that the fruit cannot be harvested, and the fruit trap H is returned to its original position on the vehicle body side.

前記果梗切断手段を構成するに、果実捕捉部H
の内方側箇所に位置させた接触センサ19が検出
作用するに伴つて、果梗支持部材10及カツタ1
1を突出作動させ、次に、カツタ11を切断作動
させ、さらに、果梗支持部材10及びカツタ11
を引退作動させるようにすべく、前記電動モータ
13及びシリンダ14を作動させるようにしてあ
る。
The fruit stem cutting means includes a fruit catching section H.
As the contact sensor 19 located on the inner side of
1 is operated to protrude, then the cutter 11 is operated to cut, and then the stem support member 10 and the cutter 11 are operated to cut.
The electric motor 13 and the cylinder 14 are operated in order to cause the motor to retire.

ちなみに、前記果梗切断手段の作動が完了し
て、果実収穫が完了するに伴つて、第4図のフロ
ーチヤートに示すように、果実捕捉部Hを車体側
の所期位置に復帰させるようにすべく、アーム6
や旋回台5を作動させるようにしてある。
Incidentally, when the operation of the stem cutting means is completed and fruit harvesting is completed, the fruit catching part H is returned to the intended position on the vehicle body side, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. Arm 6
and the swivel base 5 are operated.

〔別実施例〕[Another example]

本発明を実施するに、果実捕捉部Hの具体構
成、撮像手段の具体構成、アーム6の具体構成、
果実捕捉部H誘導のための具体構成夫々は、各種
変更できる。
In carrying out the present invention, the specific configuration of the fruit catching section H, the specific configuration of the imaging means, the specific configuration of the arm 6,
The specific configuration for guiding the fruit trap H can be modified in various ways.

前記実施例では、第3図イ,ロ,ハ,ニ,ホに
示すように、果実捕捉部Hを一旦下降させて水平
位置を補正した後に再度上昇させて第1回目の取
り込み動作で取り込めなかつた果実Mを果実捕捉
部H内に取り入れるようにすることを1回のみ行
うようにしたが、第8図に示すように、上記取り
込み動作の回数が3回になると収穫不能であると
判断させる等、何回行うようにしてもよい。
In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. However, as shown in Fig. 8, when the number of times of the above-mentioned taking-in operation reaches 3, it is determined that the fruit M cannot be harvested. You may do this as many times as you like.

本発明の下降移動手段108及び水平位置補正
手段109により果実捕捉部Hを移動させる移動
量は、如何なる量に設定してもよい。
The amount of movement by which the fruit catching section H is moved by the downward movement means 108 and the horizontal position correction means 109 of the present invention may be set to any amount.

前記実施例では、水平位置補正手段109によ
り果実捕捉部Hを前方側のみに位置変更させるよ
うにしたが、左右側あるいは後方側においても位
置変更するようにしてもよい。
In the embodiment described above, the horizontal position correction means 109 causes the fruit catching section H to be repositioned only to the front side, but it may also be repositioned to the left and right sides or to the rear side.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図面は本発明に係る果実収穫用ロボツトハンド
の実施例を示し、第1図は本発明の全体構成を示
すブロツク図、第2図は収穫作動を示すフローチ
ヤート、第3図イ,ロ,ハ,ニ,ホは果実の取り
込み動作を示す説明図、第4図は制御作動を示す
フローチヤート、第5図は果実捕捉部の平面図、
第6図は果実捕捉部の縦断面図、第7図は制御構
成を示す概略図である。第8図は収穫作動の別実
施例を示す一部省略のフローチヤートである。第
9図イ,ロ及び第10図のイ,ロは果実の取り込
み動作の従来例を示す説明図である。 6……アーム、100……果実捕捉部誘導手
段、101……第1上昇移動手段、102……水
平位置調整手段、103……水平位置検出手段、
104……第1果実検出手段、105……第2上
昇移動手段、106……第2果実検出手段、10
7……上昇量検出手段、108……下降移動手
段、109……水平位置補正手段、110……再
上昇移動手段、D……果実収納空間、G……果実
取入口、H……果実捕捉部。
The drawings show an embodiment of the robot hand for fruit harvesting according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the harvesting operation, and FIG. , D, and E are explanatory diagrams showing the fruit capturing operation, FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the control operation, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of the fruit catching section.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fruit catching section, and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the control configuration. FIG. 8 is a partially omitted flowchart showing another embodiment of the harvesting operation. FIGS. 9A and 9B and FIGS. 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams showing conventional examples of fruit taking-in operations. 6...Arm, 100...Fruit catcher guide means, 101...First upward movement means, 102...Horizontal position adjustment means, 103...Horizontal position detection means,
104...First fruit detection means, 105...Second upward movement means, 106...Second fruit detection means, 10
7... Ascending amount detection means, 108... Lowering moving means, 109... Horizontal position correcting means, 110... Re-ascent moving means, D... Fruit storage space, G... Fruit intake port, H... Fruit capturing Department.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 内部に果実収納空間Dを備え、且つ、上部に
果実取入口Gを備える果実捕捉部Hを、果実取入
口Gが上方を向く設定回動位置に復帰付勢した状
態でアーム6に、前後揺動自在に枢着し、前記果
実捕捉部Hを収穫対象果実の下方箇所に誘導する
誘導手段100を設け、収穫対象果実が前記果実
取入口Gに位置していることを検出する第1果実
検出手段104を設け、前記第1果実検出手段1
04が検出作用するまで、前記誘導手段100に
より誘導した前記果実捕捉部Hを上昇移動させる
第1上昇移動手段101を設け、収穫対象果実に
対する前記果実捕捉部Hの水平方向での位置を検
出する水平位置検出手段103を設け、前記第1
上昇移動手段101による上昇移動時において、
前記水平位置検出手段103の検出結果に基づい
て前記果実捕捉部Hの水平方向での位置を対象果
実側へ移動調整する水平位置調整手段102を設
け、収穫対象果実が前記果実収納空間D内に取り
入れられたことを検出する第2果実検出手段10
6を設け、前記第2果実検出手段106が検出作
用するまで、前記第1上昇移動手段101にて上
昇された前記果実捕捉部Hを上昇移動させる第2
果実上昇移動手段105を設けた果実収穫用ロボ
ツトハンドであつて、前記第2上昇移動手段10
5による上昇量が設定量に達したことを検出する
上昇量検出手段107が検出作用するに伴つて前
記果実捕捉部Hを設定量下降移動させる下降移動
手段108を設け、前記下降移動手段108によ
る下降移動後において前記果実捕捉部Hを、その
前方側に設定量水平移動させる水平位置補正手段
109を設け、前記水平位置補正手段109によ
る水平位置補正後において前記第2果実検出手段
106が検出作用するまで前記果実捕捉部Hを再
び上昇移動させる再上昇移動手段110を設けて
ある果実収穫用ロボツトハンド。
1. The fruit trap H, which has a fruit storage space D inside and a fruit intake port G at the top, is attached to the arm 6 in a state where it is biased to return to the set rotational position where the fruit intake port G faces upward. A first fruit is provided with a guiding means 100 that is pivotably pivoted and guides the fruit catching section H to a position below the fruit to be harvested, and detects that the fruit to be harvested is located in the fruit intake port G. A detecting means 104 is provided, and the first fruit detecting means 1
04 is provided to upwardly move the fruit trapping section H guided by the guiding means 100, and detects the horizontal position of the fruit trapping section H with respect to the fruit to be harvested. A horizontal position detecting means 103 is provided, and the first horizontal position detecting means 103 is provided.
During upward movement by the upward movement means 101,
A horizontal position adjusting means 102 is provided for moving and adjusting the horizontal position of the fruit catching section H toward the target fruit based on the detection result of the horizontal position detecting means 103, so that the fruit to be harvested is within the fruit storage space D. Second fruit detection means 10 for detecting that the fruit has been taken in
6, and moves the fruit catching section H lifted by the first lifting movement means 101 upward until the second fruit detection means 106 performs a detection action.
A fruit harvesting robot hand provided with a fruit lifting means 105, the second lifting means 10
A descending moving means 108 is provided for moving the fruit catching section H downward by a set amount when the rising amount detecting means 107 detects that the rising amount by 5 has reached a set amount. A horizontal position correction means 109 is provided to horizontally move the fruit catching section H by a set amount to the front side after the downward movement, and after the horizontal position correction by the horizontal position correction means 109, the second fruit detection means 106 performs a detection operation. This robot hand for fruit harvesting is provided with a re-elevating means 110 for moving the fruit catching part H upward again until the fruit is harvested.
JP19336285A 1985-09-02 1985-09-02 Robot hand for harvesting fruits Granted JPS6251918A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19336285A JPS6251918A (en) 1985-09-02 1985-09-02 Robot hand for harvesting fruits

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19336285A JPS6251918A (en) 1985-09-02 1985-09-02 Robot hand for harvesting fruits

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6251918A JPS6251918A (en) 1987-03-06
JPH0367648B2 true JPH0367648B2 (en) 1991-10-23

Family

ID=16306647

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP19336285A Granted JPS6251918A (en) 1985-09-02 1985-09-02 Robot hand for harvesting fruits

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6251918A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6251918A (en) 1987-03-06

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