JPH0366161B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0366161B2 JPH0366161B2 JP59106058A JP10605884A JPH0366161B2 JP H0366161 B2 JPH0366161 B2 JP H0366161B2 JP 59106058 A JP59106058 A JP 59106058A JP 10605884 A JP10605884 A JP 10605884A JP H0366161 B2 JPH0366161 B2 JP H0366161B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- tread
- tire
- fixed
- movable tread
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/14—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band
- B60C11/16—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile
- B60C11/1606—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile retractable plug
- B60C11/1612—Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile retractable plug actuated by fluid, e.g. using fluid pressure difference
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は接地パターンを変更可能にした車両用
タイヤ、より詳細には、スパイクピンを備えてい
て、必要な時にのみ接地パターンを変更してスパ
イクピンにその機能を発揮させるようにした車両
用タイヤに関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a vehicle tire with a changeable ground contact pattern, more specifically, a vehicle tire equipped with spike pins that allows the ground contact pattern to be changed only when necessary. This invention relates to a vehicle tire in which spike pins are made to perform their functions.
雪道や凍結した道を走行するに際しては、安全
走行のためのタイヤに滑り止め手段を装備する。
滑り止め手段として近時、予めタイヤにスパイク
ピンを埋設したスパイクタイヤが広く用いられる
ようになつてきている。ところが、このスパイク
タイヤにおいては、スパイクピンによる粉塵公害
が問題となつている。即ち、スパイクタイヤで雪
のない道や雪の少ない道等、それが不必要な道も
走行するため、ピンによつてアスフアルトの路面
が削りとられ、路面が傷むだけでなく粉塵を舞い
上がらせてしまうのである。
When driving on snowy or icy roads, tires are equipped with anti-slip means for safe driving.
Recently, spiked tires in which spike pins are embedded in the tire have become widely used as an anti-slip means. However, with this spiked tire, dust pollution caused by the spike pins has become a problem. In other words, since spiked tires are used on roads where it is unnecessary, such as roads with no snow or little snow, the asphalt road surface is scraped away by the pins, which not only damages the road surface but also raises dust. It's put away.
本発明は上記のような事情に鑑みてなされたも
のであつて、その目的とするところは、路面の状
況に応じ、車両が走行中、停止中を問わず、極め
て簡単な操作でタイヤの接地パターンを変更で
き、以て道路状況に合わせてタイヤの滑り止め効
果を増減することができると共に、粉塵公害等の
発生を防止しうる接地パターンを変更可能にした
車両用タイヤを提供することにある。
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to enable tires to contact the ground with an extremely simple operation, depending on the road surface condition, regardless of whether the vehicle is running or stopped. To provide a vehicle tire whose pattern can be changed, thereby increasing or decreasing the anti-slip effect of the tire according to road conditions, and whose ground contact pattern can be changed to prevent the occurrence of dust pollution, etc. .
本発明は、固定トレツド1の外周面に設けられ
たスパイクピン列の間に、適宜間隔置きに凹陥部
5を並設し、前記各凹陥部列の内側に、タイヤの
軸方向に延び、容量可変であつて膨満時に逆流を
防止する弁機構を備えたチユーブ4を埋設し、前
記各チユーブ4に前記各凹陥部5内に収まる可動
トレツド2を固定し、前記チユーブ4に対する非
圧縮性流体の供給、排出に伴い、前記可動トレツ
ド2が前記凹陥部5から出没し、その没時におい
てのみ前記スパイクピンが路面に作用するように
したことを特徴とする接地パターンを変更可能に
した車両用タイヤ、を以て上記課題を解決した。
In the present invention, concave portions 5 are arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals between the spike pin rows provided on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed tread 1, and the concave portions 5 extend in the axial direction of the tire on the inside of each of the concave portion rows. A tube 4 having a variable valve mechanism that prevents backflow during inflation is embedded, a movable tread 2 that fits within each recess 5 is fixed to each tube 4, and an incompressible fluid is supplied to the tube 4. A vehicle tire having a changeable ground contact pattern, characterized in that the movable tread 2 protrudes and retracts from the concave portion 5 during supply and discharge, and the spike pin acts on the road surface only when the movable tread 2 retracts. , the above problem was solved.
運転席からの操作によりチユーブ4に非圧縮性
の流体が供給されると、チユーブ4は空間1a内
において膨満し、それに固定されている可動トレ
ツド2を固定トレツド1から突出させる。その状
態においてスパイクピンの先端は、可動トレツド
2のトレツド面以下に位置するため、スパイクピ
ンは路面に作用しない。チユーブ4から流体を排
出すると、チユーブ4は圧潰され、可動トレツド
2は固定トレツド面から没するに至り、スパイク
ピンが路面に作用する。
When the tube 4 is supplied with incompressible fluid by operation from the driver's seat, the tube 4 expands within the space 1a, causing the movable tread 2 fixed thereto to protrude from the fixed tread 1. In this state, the tip of the spike pin is located below the tread surface of the movable tread 2, so the spike pin does not act on the road surface. When the fluid is discharged from the tube 4, the tube 4 is collapsed, the movable tread 2 is submerged from the fixed tread surface, and the spike pin acts on the road surface.
本発明の好ましい実施例を添付図面に依拠して
説明する。
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
図中1は固定トレツドで、その外周面に幅方
向、即ち、タイヤの回転軸方向に並列していて底
が連通する凹陥部5が、適宜間隔置きに形成され
る。固定トレツド1の各突出部には、スパイクピ
ン3が埋設される。2は凹陥部5内に出没自在に
収まる可動トレツドである。4は容量(断面積)
可変のチユーブであり、各列の凹陥部5の内側に
おいて、タイヤの軸方向に延びる空間1a内に装
入される。チユーブ4には、十分な強靱性と可撓
性とを持たせる。可動トレツド2は、各列毎にこ
のチユーブ4の外側に固定され(第5図参照)、
また、チユーブ4の内半部はタイヤに固定される
(第4図B参照)。可動トレツド2は固定トレツド
1と同様資材製であり、図示した可動トレツド2
は角柱状を呈しているが、円柱状その他任意の形
状となし得る。なお、可動トレツド2は第1図に
示すように単なる柱状であつてもよいが(凹陥部
5は可動トレツド2に対応した形状となる。)、そ
の下部を絞り込んで頸部2aとなし、この頸部2
aをチユーブ4に固定することとしてもよく、そ
の場合は頸部2aを硬質材で形成すると共に、凹
陥部5の底に、下部を絞り込んだ補強材5aを埋
設することが好ましい(第4図参照)。チユーブ
4の先端は閉塞され、後端はまとめて配送管6に
結集される。あるいは、各チユーブ4に個別に配
送管6を連結し、それぞれ回転ジヨイント15に
接続してもよい。各チユーブ4には、チユーブ4
内に供給される非圧縮性流体を封止し、また、そ
の封止状態を解除するための弁機構7が設置され
る。第7図A,Bは弁機構7の構成例を示してい
る。そこにおいて8は弁ピストン(又はスプー
ル)で、その上に設置されたスプリング9によつ
て常時下方に押圧される。このスプリング9の代
わりに、ダイヤフラム又はゴムまり状のものを用
いてもよい。10は球形の逆止弁で、縮径部11
を開閉する。12は常時逆止弁10を押し上げ、
縮径部11を閉じるよう作用するスプリングであ
る。第6図は作動圧力流体の経路を示すもので、
13は、圧力源から、運転席に設けられる操作弁
を経て延びる作動流体の供給管で、その先にニツ
プル14が取り付けられる。15は、ニツプルと
回転接合される回転ジヨイントで、ジョイント支
持金具16を介してホイールハブ17に固定され
る。 In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a fixed tread, and concave portions 5 are formed at appropriate intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the fixed tread, and the concave portions 5 are arranged in parallel in the width direction, that is, in the rotational axis direction of the tire, and have communicating bottoms. A spike pin 3 is embedded in each protrusion of the fixed tread 1. Reference numeral 2 denotes a movable tread which is housed in the concave portion 5 so as to be freely retractable. 4 is capacity (cross-sectional area)
It is a variable tube, and is inserted into the space 1a extending in the axial direction of the tire inside the concave portions 5 of each row. The tube 4 is made to have sufficient toughness and flexibility. A movable tread 2 is fixed to the outside of this tube 4 for each row (see FIG. 5),
Further, the inner half of the tube 4 is fixed to the tire (see FIG. 4B). The movable tread 2 is made of the same material as the fixed tread 1;
Although it has a prismatic shape, it can have a cylindrical shape or any other arbitrary shape. Note that the movable tread 2 may be simply columnar as shown in FIG. Cervical region 2
a may be fixed to the tube 4. In that case, it is preferable to form the neck 2a from a hard material and bury a reinforcing material 5a with a narrowed lower part in the bottom of the recess 5 (see Fig. 4). reference). The tip of the tube 4 is closed, and the rear end is gathered together into the delivery tube 6. Alternatively, a delivery pipe 6 may be connected to each tube 4 individually, and each may be connected to a rotation joint 15. Each tube 4 has a tube 4
A valve mechanism 7 is installed to seal the incompressible fluid supplied therein and to release the sealed state. 7A and 7B show an example of the configuration of the valve mechanism 7. FIG. There, 8 is a valve piston (or spool) which is constantly pressed downward by a spring 9 installed above it. Instead of this spring 9, a diaphragm or a rubber ball-like member may be used. 10 is a spherical check valve with a reduced diameter part 11
Open and close. 12 constantly pushes up the check valve 10,
This is a spring that acts to close the reduced diameter portion 11. Figure 6 shows the path of the working pressure fluid.
Reference numeral 13 denotes a working fluid supply pipe extending from a pressure source through an operating valve provided at the driver's seat, and a nipple 14 is attached to the tip of the pipe. Reference numeral 15 denotes a rotation joint that is rotationally connected to the nipple, and is fixed to the wheel hub 17 via a joint support fitting 16.
図示した実施例の作用につき説明するに、先ず
平常走行の場合でスパイクピン3を必要としない
ときは、運転席において操作弁を開に操作する。
すると圧力源から非圧縮性流体が供給され、供給
管13、ニツプル14、回転ジヨイント15を経
て配送管6内に送られる。そこから弁機構7内に
入ると、先ず弁ピストン8をスプリング9に抗し
て押し上げ、また、スプリング12に抗して逆止
弁10を押し下げるよう作用し、縮径部11を開
く。そして流体は分岐し、接地状態にあるチユー
ブ4以外の各チユーブ4内へ流入充満し、圧潰状
態(第1図右半、第3図左半、第4図B、第7図
B参照)にあつたチユーブ4を膨満状態にする
(第1図左半、第3図右半、第4図A、第7図
A)。すると、チユーブ4と一体となつた可動ト
レツド2が凹陥部5から押し出されて突出し、可
動トレツド2のみが路面に当接することになり、
スパイクピン3は可動トレツド2間に隠れて路面
に接触しない状態となる(第1図左半部)。この
状態でタイヤが回転すると、車体重量を受けて圧
潰状態にあつたチユーブ4が直ちに膨満し、一旦
膨満したチユーブ4は、接地の際に車体重量を負
担するためにチユーブ4を圧潰しようとする力が
働くが、チユーブ4内は非圧縮性の流体が充満し
ていて、流体の圧力が車重に応じて上昇しても、
チユーブ4の膨張は空間1aによつて制約され
る。そして、流体はチユーブ4を空間1aの内壁
に押し付けるように作用するため、チユーブ4は
空間1a内において動かず、可動トレツド2は確
固と固定される。なお、接地に際してチユーブ4
内の圧力が急激に供給圧Pを上回るが、逆止弁1
0が縮径部11を閉じるので、チユーブ4は潰れ
ることなく膨満状態を維持する。従つて、配送管
6内に圧力Pがある間は、タイヤの回転によつて
可動トレツド2が接地する度に逆止弁10が閉
じ、以てチユーブ4の膨満状態が維持される。次
に、雪道や凍結路を走行する場合には、操作弁を
操作して圧力Pを解除すると、スプリング9が弁
ピストン8を押し下げる。それに伴い、弁ピスト
ン8が逆止弁10を押し下げて開栓させる。この
状態においてタイヤが回転すると、可動トレツド
2が接地することにより、車両の自重がかかつて
チユーブ4が押圧され、チユーブ4内を満たして
いた作動流体は押し出され、開かれた弁機構7を
通つて配送管6から供給管13へと逆流する。そ
の結果チユーブ4は圧潰し、可動トレツド2と固
定トレツド1が同高ないし可動トレツド2が沈ん
だ状態となり、双方ないし固定トレツド1のみが
接地することになり、スパイクピン3が、トレツ
ドゴムの柔軟性とスパイクぴん先端部周囲の逃し
(肉取り)とによつて、路面に対してそのスパイ
ク効果を発揮することとなる。なお、弁ピストン
8及び逆止弁10の移動方向をタイヤのラジアル
方向と一致させておけば、タイヤ回転に伴う遠心
力がそれらの移動方向と同じ方向に作用するの
で、誤動作のおそれがない。 To explain the operation of the illustrated embodiment, first, when the spike pin 3 is not required during normal driving, the operating valve is opened from the driver's seat.
Incompressible fluid is then supplied from the pressure source and sent into the delivery pipe 6 via the supply pipe 13, the nipple 14, and the rotation joint 15. When entering the valve mechanism 7 from there, the valve piston 8 is first pushed up against the spring 9, and the check valve 10 is pushed down against the spring 12, thereby opening the reduced diameter portion 11. Then, the fluid branches, flows into and fills each tube 4 other than the tube 4 that is in the grounded state, and becomes a collapsed state (see the right half of Fig. 1, the left half of Fig. 3, Fig. 4 B, and Fig. 7 B). The hot tube 4 is inflated (left half in Figure 1, right half in Figure 3, A in Figure 4, A in Figure 7). Then, the movable tread 2 integrated with the tube 4 is pushed out and protrudes from the concave portion 5, and only the movable tread 2 comes into contact with the road surface.
The spike pin 3 is hidden between the movable treads 2 and does not come into contact with the road surface (left half of Figure 1). When the tire rotates in this state, the tube 4, which had been crushed under the weight of the vehicle, immediately expands, and once the tube 4 is inflated, it attempts to crush the tube 4 to bear the weight of the vehicle upon touchdown. However, the tube 4 is filled with incompressible fluid, and even if the pressure of the fluid increases according to the weight of the vehicle,
Expansion of the tube 4 is restricted by the space 1a. Since the fluid acts to press the tube 4 against the inner wall of the space 1a, the tube 4 does not move within the space 1a and the movable tread 2 is firmly fixed. In addition, when making grounding, tube 4
Although the pressure inside the check valve 1 suddenly exceeds the supply pressure P,
0 closes the reduced diameter portion 11, the tube 4 maintains its inflated state without being crushed. Therefore, while the pressure P is present in the delivery tube 6, the check valve 10 closes every time the movable tread 2 touches the ground due to the rotation of the tire, thereby maintaining the inflated state of the tube 4. Next, when driving on a snowy or frozen road, when the pressure P is released by operating the operation valve, the spring 9 pushes the valve piston 8 down. Accordingly, the valve piston 8 pushes down the check valve 10 to open it. When the tire rotates in this state, the movable tread 2 comes into contact with the ground, and the weight of the vehicle presses the tube 4, pushing out the working fluid that had filled the tube 4 and passing it through the opened valve mechanism 7. Then, it flows back from the delivery pipe 6 to the supply pipe 13. As a result, the tube 4 is crushed, the movable tread 2 and the fixed tread 1 are at the same level, or the movable tread 2 is sunk, and both or only the fixed tread 1 is in contact with the ground, and the spike pin 3 The spike effect is exerted on the road surface by the relief (thickening) around the tip of the spike pin. Note that if the moving direction of the valve piston 8 and the check valve 10 is made to match the radial direction of the tire, the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the tire will act in the same direction as their moving direction, so there is no risk of malfunction.
本発明は上述した通りであるから、車輌の走行
中、停止中を問わず、極めて簡単にタイヤの接地
パターンを変更でき、以て道路状況に応じてスパ
イクピンが作用する場合と作用しない場合とを作
り出すことができ、運転者の安全、便宜を図ると
共に、粉塵公害の発生を防止しうる効果がある。
Since the present invention is as described above, the ground contact pattern of the tire can be changed extremely easily regardless of whether the vehicle is running or stopped, and the spike pins may or may not work depending on the road condition. This has the effect of improving the safety and convenience of drivers and preventing the generation of dust pollution.
第1図は本発明の実施例の正面図、第2図はタ
イヤ外側面の一部を示す図、第3図はチユーブの
膨満時と圧潰時の状態を示す縦断面図、第4図
A,Bは固定トレツドの他の構成例を示す図、第
5図はチユーブの配置を示す図、第6図は作動圧
力流体の供給経路を示す図、第7図A,Bは弁機
構を示す図である。
符号の説明、1……固定トレツド、1a……空
間、2……可動トレツド、2a……頸部、3……
スパイクピン、4……チユーブ、5……凹陥部、
5a……補強材、6……配送管、7……弁機構、
8……弁ピストン、9……スプリング、10……
逆止弁、11……縮径部、12……スプリング、
13……供給管、14……ニツプル、15……回
転ジヨイント、16……ジヨイント支持金具、1
7……ホイールハブ。
FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view showing a part of the outer surface of the tire, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the state of the tube when it is inflated and collapsed, and FIG. 4A , B are diagrams showing other configuration examples of the fixed tread, Figure 5 is a diagram showing the tube arrangement, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the supply route of the working pressure fluid, and Figures 7A and B are diagrams showing the valve mechanism. It is a diagram. Explanation of symbols: 1... fixed tread, 1a... space, 2... movable tread, 2a... neck, 3...
Spike pin, 4...tube, 5...recessed part,
5a... Reinforcement material, 6... Delivery pipe, 7... Valve mechanism,
8... Valve piston, 9... Spring, 10...
Check valve, 11... diameter reduction part, 12... spring,
13... Supply pipe, 14... Nipple, 15... Rotating joint, 16... Joint support fitting, 1
7...Wheel hub.
Claims (1)
クピン列の間に、適宜間隔置きに凹陥部5を並設
し、前記各凹陥部列の内側に、タイヤの軸方向に
延び、容量可変であつて膨満時に逆流を防止する
弁機構を備えたチユーブ4を埋設し、前記各チユ
ーブ4に前記各凹陥部5内に収まる可動トレツド
2を固定し、前記チユーブ4に対する非圧縮性流
体の供給、排出に伴い、前記可動トレツド2が前
記凹陥部5から出没し、その没時においてのみ前
記スパイクピンが路面に作用するようにしたこと
を特徴とする接地パターンを変更可能にした車両
用タイヤ。1. Concave portions 5 are arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals between the rows of spike pins provided on the outer circumferential surface of the fixed tread 1, and inside each of the rows of concave portions, a concave portion extending in the axial direction of the tire and having a variable capacity is provided. A tube 4 equipped with a valve mechanism to prevent backflow when inflated is embedded, and a movable tread 2 that fits within each concave portion 5 is fixed to each tube 4, and incompressible fluid is supplied to and discharged from the tube 4. A vehicle tire having a ground contact pattern changeable, characterized in that the movable tread 2 protrudes and retracts from the concave portion 5, and the spike pin acts on the road surface only when the movable tread 2 retracts.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59106058A JPS60248409A (en) | 1984-05-25 | 1984-05-25 | Car tire having changeable grounded pattern |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59106058A JPS60248409A (en) | 1984-05-25 | 1984-05-25 | Car tire having changeable grounded pattern |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS60248409A JPS60248409A (en) | 1985-12-09 |
JPH0366161B2 true JPH0366161B2 (en) | 1991-10-16 |
Family
ID=14424014
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP59106058A Granted JPS60248409A (en) | 1984-05-25 | 1984-05-25 | Car tire having changeable grounded pattern |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS60248409A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001070519A1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-09-27 | Hiroyoshi Takahashi | Pneumatic tire |
KR100810178B1 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2008-03-06 | 금호타이어 주식회사 | Inflation tube and automovile tire having inflation tube and method to controll of depth of groove |
US9139046B2 (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2015-09-22 | Caterpillar, Inc. | Adjustable insert for a tire |
JP6336409B2 (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2018-06-06 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Winter tires |
NL2017415B1 (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2018-03-09 | Drive Tech Holland Ltd | Tire and method for at least partially replacing a profiled tread of such a tire. |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4893004A (en) * | 1972-02-15 | 1973-12-01 | ||
JPS5316202A (en) * | 1976-07-27 | 1978-02-15 | Topy Ind | Nonnslip tire and method of using same |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS54102802U (en) * | 1977-12-28 | 1979-07-19 |
-
1984
- 1984-05-25 JP JP59106058A patent/JPS60248409A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4893004A (en) * | 1972-02-15 | 1973-12-01 | ||
JPS5316202A (en) * | 1976-07-27 | 1978-02-15 | Topy Ind | Nonnslip tire and method of using same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS60248409A (en) | 1985-12-09 |
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