JPH0360447B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0360447B2 JPH0360447B2 JP26167185A JP26167185A JPH0360447B2 JP H0360447 B2 JPH0360447 B2 JP H0360447B2 JP 26167185 A JP26167185 A JP 26167185A JP 26167185 A JP26167185 A JP 26167185A JP H0360447 B2 JPH0360447 B2 JP H0360447B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- seedlings
- paper tube
- seedling
- aligned
- paper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、農作物の移植栽培で、個々の紙筒を
分離可能に連結した育苗容器で育苗した紙筒整列
苗を使用する移植装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a transplanting device for transplant cultivation of agricultural crops, which uses paper tube-aligned seedlings grown in seedling containers in which individual paper tubes are separably connected.
移植栽培には、種々の方式があるが、紙筒苗を
用いる方式が大きな利点を有するものと認められ
ている。この紙筒苗によるものは、通常、多数の
紙筒を整然と配列して分離可能に連結した育苗容
器を用い、これに土詰めおよび播種して育苗し、
この紙筒整列苗から個々の紙筒苗に分離して移植
するもので、包土を確実に保持したまま移植で
き、しかも、移植後短期間で腐敗する紙筒が開発
されていることから、各種農作物への利用が期待
されている。
There are various methods for transplant cultivation, but the method using paper tube seedlings is recognized as having great advantages. These paper tube seedlings usually use a seedling raising container in which a large number of paper tubes are arranged in an orderly manner and connected so that they can be separated, and the seedlings are raised by filling the container with soil and sowing seeds.
Seedlings arranged in paper tubes are separated and transplanted into individual paper tube seedlings, and the seedlings can be transplanted while reliably retaining the soil. Moreover, paper tubes have been developed that rot in a short period of time after transplanting. It is expected to be used in various agricultural crops.
一方、上記紙筒苗の移植機としては、高速性の
点から自然落下利用のものが望まれている。すな
わち、元来、株間間隔の多少の変動や植え付け姿
勢の乱れは、収量にあまり影響がないことが確認
されていたが、紙筒苗を使用した移植栽培では飛
躍的な増収が見込まれることから、従来、移植機
に要求されてきた株間間隔の精度、植え付け姿勢
の正確さ等を二次的なものにし、自然落下方式の
採用を可能にし、また、紙筒苗は、包土が茎葉部
より遥かに重く、落下しやすいとともに、姿勢制
御もしやすく、さらに、紙筒苗は、整列苗からの
分離が容易であり、高速分離に適しているもので
ある。 On the other hand, as the above-mentioned paper tube seedling transplanting machine, one that utilizes natural fall is desired from the viewpoint of high speed. In other words, it was originally confirmed that slight variations in the spacing between plants and disturbances in planting posture had little effect on yield, but transplant cultivation using paper tube seedlings is expected to dramatically increase yield. This makes it possible to adopt the natural fall method by making the accuracy of plant spacing and accuracy of planting posture, etc., which were conventionally required of transplanters, secondary. Paper tube seedlings are much heavier, easier to fall, and easier to control their posture.Furthermore, paper tube seedlings are easy to separate from lined seedlings, making them suitable for high-speed separation.
落下方式の移植機の問題点は、第１に、紙筒整
列苗が持つ歪み修正の困難さにある。紙筒苗は、
その性格上、幾分の歪みを持つことは避けられ
ず、その修正のため前面を規制装置に押し付けな
がら整列苗を分離装置に送り込んでいる。
The first problem with drop-type transplanters is that it is difficult to correct distortions in paper tube-aligned seedlings. Paper tube seedlings are
Due to its nature, it is inevitable that there will be some distortion, and to correct this, the aligned seedlings are fed into the separating device while pressing the front side against the regulating device.
この押し付け力は、歪みを除去するのに必要な
程度でなければならないが、その制御が十分に行
なわれず、過大な力がかかつて紙筒整列苗の前部
が押し漬されたり、小さ過ぎて規制作用ができな
いなどの問題が生じている。 This pressing force must be at the level necessary to eliminate distortion, but if it is not controlled sufficiently, the front part of the seedlings lined up in paper tubes may be pushed down, or the front part of the paper tube-aligned seedlings may be pressed down, or if the pressure is too small. Problems have arisen, such as the inability to have a regulatory effect.
例えば、斜面を利用した方式では、紙筒整列苗
の自重の斜面方向の分力から斜面との間の摩擦力
を差し引いたものがこの力であるが、紙筒整列苗
を送り込む際にその全長が短くなると自重も著し
く小さくなり、摩擦力、紙筒整列苗に含まれる土
壌の性質、水分含有量の相違から押し付け力が大
きく変わる。 For example, in a method using a slope, this force is the component force of the own weight of the seedlings arranged in paper tubes in the direction of the slope minus the frictional force between them and the slope. As the length becomes shorter, the weight of the seedlings becomes significantly smaller, and the pressing force changes greatly due to differences in frictional force, the properties of the soil contained in the paper cylinder-aligned seedlings, and the water content.
例えばまた、コンベヤを使用し、必要以上の送
り量にし、紙筒整列苗をコンベヤの表面上でスリ
ツプさせながら前面を規制装置に押し付ける方式
では、紙筒整列苗とコンベヤとの間の摩擦力がそ
の力になるが、やはり斜面の場合と同じ要因で大
きく変動する。 For example, if a conveyor is used, the feed rate is greater than necessary, and the paper tube-aligned seedlings are allowed to slip on the surface of the conveyor while the front side is pressed against the regulating device, the frictional force between the paper tube-aligned seedlings and the conveyor is However, the force varies greatly due to the same factors as in the case of slopes.
さらに例えば、整列苗とコンベヤ間の摩擦力は
大きくなるように設定し、必要以上の力はコンベ
ヤに伝える伝動部のスリツブで抑制する方式で
は、大きさに著しい差のある動摩擦と静摩擦が不
規則に入れ替わり、やはり大きく変動し、十分な
制御は不可能である。 Furthermore, for example, in a system where the frictional force between the aligned seedlings and the conveyor is set to be large, and the excessive force is suppressed by a slit in the transmission part that transmits it to the conveyor, dynamic friction and static friction, which have a marked difference in magnitude, are irregular. , which again fluctuates greatly and is impossible to control sufficiently.
本発明は、上述のような問題を解決し、高能
力・高性能な移植装置を提供し、移植栽培を飛躍
的に広げることを目的とするものである。 The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems, provide a high-capacity, high-performance transplanting device, and dramatically expand transplant cultivation.
本発明の移植装置は、個々の紙筒を分離可能に
連結した育苗容器で育苗した紙筒整列苗から、
個々の紙筒苗を分離して移植する移植装置におい
て、上記紙筒整列苗を支持して順次送り出す苗コ
ンベヤと、この苗コンベヤで送られる紙筒整列苗
の前面を受け紙筒整列苗の前面の位置を規制しつ
つ一定速度で後退する苗規制装置と、この苗規制
装置で受けられた紙筒整列苗の前端の紙筒苗を所
定位置で分離する分離体と、上記苗コンベヤの駆
動部と苗規制装置の駆動部とに設けたプーリ間に
伸縮自在なベルトを掛け渡してなる連動機構とを
備えたものである。
The transplanting device of the present invention is capable of transplanting seedlings from paper tube-aligned seedlings grown in a seedling-raising container in which individual paper tubes are separably connected.
In a transplanting device that separates and transplants individual paper tube seedlings, there is a seedling conveyor that supports and sequentially sends out the paper tube-aligned seedlings, and a front surface of the paper tube-aligned seedlings that receives the front surface of the paper tube-aligned seedlings sent by this seedling conveyor. a seedling regulating device that moves back at a constant speed while regulating the position of the seedling regulating device; a separating body that separates the paper tube seedlings at the front end of the paper tube aligned seedlings received by the seedling regulating device at a predetermined position; and a drive unit for the seedling conveyor. and a drive section of the seedling regulating device, and an interlocking mechanism formed by stretching an elastic belt between pulleys provided on the drive section of the seedling regulating device.
本発明は、苗コンベヤ上に供給された紙筒整列
苗の前面を、等速後退する苗規制装置に一定の圧
力で押し付け、紙筒整列苗が持つ歪みを修正しな
がら紙筒整列苗を一定速度で送り、順次個々の紙
筒苗を分離するものである。
The present invention presses the front side of the paper tube-aligned seedlings supplied on the seedling conveyor with a constant pressure against a seedling regulating device that retreats at a constant speed, and corrects the distortion of the paper tube-aligned seedlings while keeping the paper tube-aligned seedlings constant. It feeds at high speed and separates individual paper tube seedlings one by one.
以下、本発明の一実施例を図面を参照して詳細
に説明する。
Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
第６図および第７図は、本発明の移植装置で用
いる紙筒整列苗１を示すもので、この紙筒整列苗
１は、多数の四角筒状の紙筒を左右および前後方
向に整然と配列して水溶性糊で分離可能に連結し
た育苗容器を用い、これに土詰めおよび播種して
育苗し、個々の紙筒苗２に分離して移植するもの
である。 6 and 7 show a paper tube-aligned seedling 1 used in the transplanting device of the present invention. This paper tube-aligned seedling 1 has a large number of square tube-shaped paper tubes arranged in an orderly manner in the left-right and front-back directions. Seedling containers are separably connected using water-soluble glue, the containers are filled with soil, seeds are sown, the seedlings are raised, and the seedlings are separated into individual paper tube seedlings 2 and transplanted.
つぎに、移植装置について説明する。 Next, the transplant device will be explained.
第１図において、１１は機枠で、この機枠１１
の前上部にトラクタ連結部１２が設けられている
とともに、機枠１１の前下部の両側に開溝器１３
が取付けられ、かつ、機枠１１の後部の両側に鎮
圧輪１４が軸１５で支架されている。 In Fig. 1, 11 is a machine frame, and this machine frame 11
A tractor connecting portion 12 is provided at the front upper part of the machine frame 11, and groove openers 13 are provided on both sides of the front lower part of the machine frame 11.
are attached to the machine frame 11, and suppression wheels 14 are supported by shafts 15 on both sides of the rear of the machine frame 11.
上記機枠１１の上部に前下方に向つて傾斜した
苗コンベヤ２１が設けられている。この苗コンベ
ヤ２１は、コンベヤフレーム２２の前後部に軸２
３，２４を介してローラプーリ２５，２６が支架
され、この前後のローラプーリ２５，２６間に無
端状のコンベヤベルト２７が掛け渡されている。
そして、上記苗コンベア２１の前部に受板２８が
連設されている。 A seedling conveyor 21 is provided at the upper part of the machine frame 11 and is inclined forward and downward. This seedling conveyor 21 has shafts 2 at the front and rear of a conveyor frame 22.
Roller pulleys 25 and 26 are supported via 3 and 24, and an endless conveyor belt 27 is stretched between the front and rear roller pulleys 25 and 26.
A receiving plate 28 is connected to the front part of the seedling conveyor 21.
この受板２８の前部に苗規制装置３１が設けら
れている。この苗規制装置３１は、第３図、第４
図および第５図に示すように、上記機枠１１に回
転軸３２が横架され、この回転軸３２に多数の規
制板３３がその中心部で所定間隔ごとに固着され
ている。この各規制板３３は、外周面が渦巻き曲
線になつており、その最小半径部と最大半径部と
の間に切欠部３４を存して最大半径部の端部に分
離体３５が形成され、この分離体３５の端面から
切欠部３４側に針３６が回転方向に傾斜して突設
されている。そして、上記各規制板３３は複数
個、図示実施例では２個の群に分割され、その各
群の一端から順次等位相差を持つて配置されてい
る。 A seedling regulating device 31 is provided at the front of this receiving plate 28. This seedling regulating device 31 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in the drawings and FIG. 5, a rotating shaft 32 is horizontally mounted on the machine frame 11, and a large number of regulating plates 33 are fixed to the rotating shaft 32 at predetermined intervals at the center thereof. Each of the regulating plates 33 has a spiral outer peripheral surface, and has a notch 34 between its minimum radius and maximum radius, and a separation body 35 is formed at the end of the maximum radius. A needle 36 is provided protruding from the end face of the separator 35 toward the notch 34 so as to be inclined in the rotational direction. Each of the above-mentioned regulating plates 33 is divided into a plurality of groups, two groups in the illustrated embodiment, and are sequentially arranged from one end of each group with the same phase difference.
上記苗コンベヤ２１と苗規制装置３１とは、第
３図に示すように平面的にやや角度差を持たせて
連設されているとともに、連動機構３７で連結さ
れている。この連動機構３７は、上記苗コンベヤ
２１の前部におけるローラプーリ２５の軸２３の
一端にＶ溝形の大径のプーリ３８が固着されてい
るとともに、上記規制板３３の回転軸３２の一端
にＶ溝形の小径のプーリ３９が固着され、これら
のプーリ３８，３９間にゴム等の弾性を有するベ
ルト４０が掛け渡されている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the seedling conveyor 21 and the seedling regulating device 31 are connected to each other with a slight angular difference in plan view, and are connected by an interlocking mechanism 37. This interlocking mechanism 37 has a V-groove-shaped large diameter pulley 38 fixed to one end of the shaft 23 of the roller pulley 25 in the front part of the seedling conveyor 21, and a V-groove-shaped large diameter pulley 38 fixed to one end of the rotation shaft 32 of the regulation plate 33. A groove-shaped small diameter pulley 39 is fixed, and an elastic belt 40 made of rubber or the like is stretched between these pulleys 38 and 39.
上記苗コンベヤ２１の前部に苗押え装置４１が
設けられている。この苗押え装置４１は、第４図
および第５図に示すように、上記各規制板３３の
一側部に対して、上記機枠１１に支台４２を介し
てほぼ倒Ｕ字状の苗押え用スプリング４３の基端
部が固定され、かつ、上記各規制板３３に上記ス
プリング４３を押動する板状またはピン状の突体
４４が設けられている。 A seedling holding device 41 is provided at the front of the seedling conveyor 21. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, this seedling holding device 41 holds approximately inverted U-shaped seedlings on the machine frame 11 via a support 42 against one side of each of the regulating plates 33. The base end portion of the presser spring 43 is fixed, and a plate-shaped or pin-shaped protrusion 44 for pushing the spring 43 is provided on each of the regulating plates 33 .
上記苗規制装置３１の下部に苗掻き落し体４５
が設けられてる。この掻き落し体４５は、第４図
に示すように、上記各規制板３３の下方位置にお
いて上記機枠１１に軸４６で回転体４７が回転自
在に設けられ、この回転体４７に掻き落し羽根４
８が突設されている。 A seedling scraping body 45 is provided at the bottom of the seedling regulating device 31.
is provided. As shown in FIG. 4, in this scraping body 45, a rotary body 47 is rotatably provided on the machine frame 11 with a shaft 46 at a position below each of the regulating plates 33, and a scraping blade is attached to this rotary body 47. 4
8 is provided protrudingly.
そうして、第１図および第４図に示すように、
上記鎮圧輪１４の軸１５に取付けたスプロケツト
５１と、上記機枠１１の上部に支架した軸５２に
取付けたスプロケツト５３との間にチエン５４が
掛け渡され、上記上部のスプロケツト５３の軸５
２に取付けた歯車５５と、上記規制板３３の回転
軸３２に取付けた歯車５６とが噛合され、かつ、
規制板３３の回転軸３２に取付けた大径の歯車５
７と、上記苗掻き落し体４５の軸４６に取付けた
小径の歯車５８とが噛合されている。 Then, as shown in Figures 1 and 4,
A chain 54 is stretched between the sprocket 51 attached to the shaft 15 of the suppression wheel 14 and the sprocket 53 attached to the shaft 52 supported on the upper part of the machine frame 11.
The gear 55 attached to 2 and the gear 56 attached to the rotating shaft 32 of the regulation plate 33 are meshed with each other, and
A large diameter gear 5 attached to the rotating shaft 32 of the regulation plate 33
7 and a small-diameter gear 58 attached to the shaft 46 of the seedling scraping body 45 are meshed with each other.
そして、鎮圧輪１４が回転すると、軸１５、ス
プロケツト５１、チエン５４、スプロケツト５
３、軸５２、歯車５５、歯車５６、回転軸３２を
介して各規制板３３が回転する。また、規制板３
３の回転軸３２から歯車５７、歯車５８を介して
苗掻き落し体４５が回転する。 When the suppression wheel 14 rotates, the shaft 15, sprocket 51, chain 54, and sprocket 5
3. Each regulation plate 33 rotates via the shaft 52, gear 55, gear 56, and rotating shaft 32. In addition, regulation plate 3
A seedling scraping body 45 is rotated from the rotating shaft 32 of No. 3 via a gear 57 and a gear 58.
また、規制板３３の回転軸３２のプーリ３９か
らベルト４０を介してプーリ３８を回転させ、軸
２３を介してローラプーリ２５を回転させて苗コ
ンベヤ２１のコンベヤベルト２７を回行させる。 Further, the pulley 38 is rotated via the belt 40 from the pulley 39 of the rotating shaft 32 of the regulating plate 33, and the roller pulley 25 is rotated via the shaft 23, so that the conveyor belt 27 of the seedling conveyor 21 is rotated.
上記苗規制装置３１の下方に苗案内装置６１が
設けられている。この苗案内装置６１は、第１図
および第２図に示すように、上記機枠１１に両側
の落下管６２が傾斜状に取付けられている。この
落下管６２は、上端の入口６３の幅を広くすると
ともに下方に行くにしたがい次第に幅を狭くし、
下端に上記紙筒苗２の高さ寸法よりやや広くした
吐出口６４が形成され、この吐出口６４の前面お
よび両側面から案内片６５が延設されている。こ
の両側の案内片６５はその間隔を次第に狭くして
終端では紙筒苗２の太さよりやや広く形成され、
かつ、上記吐出口６４の下方の背面には切欠開口
６６が設けられて、案内片６５は後方を開口した
横断面ほぼハ字状をなしている。 A seedling guiding device 61 is provided below the seedling regulating device 31. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this seedling guide device 61 has drop tubes 62 on both sides attached to the machine frame 11 in an inclined manner. This drop tube 62 has an entrance 63 at the top end widened and gradually narrows as it goes downward.
A discharge port 64 slightly wider than the height of the paper tube seedling 2 is formed at the lower end, and guide pieces 65 extend from the front and both side surfaces of the discharge port 64. The distance between the guide pieces 65 on both sides is gradually narrowed, and at the end, the guide pieces 65 are formed to be slightly wider than the thickness of the paper tube seedling 2.
Further, a notch opening 66 is provided on the back surface below the discharge port 64, and the guide piece 65 has a substantially V-shaped cross section with the rear side open.
また、上記各落下管６２の下端には上記各開溝
器１３の後方にそれぞれ連なる曲面状の案内板６
７が連設されている。 Further, at the lower end of each of the drop pipes 62, a curved guide plate 6 is connected to the rear of each of the groove openers 13.
7 are arranged in succession.
つぎに、作動を説明する。 Next, the operation will be explained.
機枠１１の前部のトラクタ連結部１２に３点リ
ンク機構を介してトラクタを連結して牽引する
と、開溝器１３によつて圃場にＶ形の植付溝７１
が形成されるとともに、鎮圧輪１４が回転しなが
ら前進する。 When a tractor is connected to the tractor connection part 12 at the front of the machine frame 11 via a three-point link mechanism and pulled, a V-shaped planting groove 71 is opened in the field by the groove opener 13.
is formed, and the suppression ring 14 moves forward while rotating.
これとともに、鎮圧輪１４の回転が苗規制装置
３１の回転軸３２に伝えられ、各規制板３３を回
転させ、また、各苗掻き落し体４５を回転させ
る。また、プーリ３９，３８およびベルト４０を
介して苗コンベヤ２１のコンベヤベルト２７を回
行する。 At the same time, the rotation of the suppressing wheel 14 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 32 of the seedling regulating device 31 to rotate each regulating plate 33 and also rotate each seedling scraping body 45. Moreover, it circulates around the conveyor belt 27 of the seedling conveyor 21 via the pulleys 39 and 38 and the belt 40.
これによつて、コンベヤベルト２２上に載置さ
れた紙筒整列苗１は順次前方に送られ、最前列の
各紙筒苗２の前面を各対応する規制板３３の外周
面に一定の圧力で押し付けながら移送し、最前列
の各紙筒苗２の前面位置を規制する。 As a result, the paper tube-aligned seedlings 1 placed on the conveyor belt 22 are sequentially sent forward, and the front surface of each paper tube seedling 2 in the front row is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the corresponding regulating plate 33 with a constant pressure. The paper tube seedlings 2 in the front row are transferred while being pressed to regulate the front position of each paper tube seedling 2.
規制板３３はその外周面が渦巻き曲線になつて
いて、回動角に比例して半径がしだいに小さくな
るので、等速で回動することにより等速で半径を
小さくして行き、苗コンベヤ２１により送り込ま
れて来る紙筒整列苗１の最前列の紙筒苗２の前面
の位置を規制しつつ一定速度で後退する。このよ
うにして、１本分の紙筒苗２が所定位置に送り込
まれると、その紙筒苗２が規制板３３の切欠部３
４に位置するとともに、分離体３５の端面が紙筒
苗２の上面に突き当つて下方に押動し、これと同
時に分離体３５の針３６が紙筒苗２の包土に突き
刺さり、この突き刺さる際にその傾斜で紙筒苗２
の上部を横方向にも引つ張りながら、紙筒整列苗
１から下方に分離する。この紙筒苗２を分離する
際に、下方にのみ力を加えると分離はせん断的に
行なわれ、抵抗が大きく、紙筒が破壊されること
も多いが、このようにして無理なく容易に分離す
ることができ、また、針３６を突き刺すことによ
り、分離後の紙筒苗２の姿勢を整えることができ
る。 The outer peripheral surface of the regulating plate 33 has a spiral curve, and the radius gradually decreases in proportion to the rotation angle, so by rotating at a constant speed, the radius decreases at a constant speed, and the seedling conveyor The paper cylinder seedlings 2 in the front row of the paper cylinder aligned seedlings 1 sent in by the paper cylinder seedlings 1 are moved back at a constant speed while regulating the front position. In this way, when one paper tube seedling 2 is fed into a predetermined position, the paper tube seedling 2 is placed in the notch portion of the regulating plate 33.
4, the end surface of the separating body 35 hits the upper surface of the paper tube seedling 2 and is pushed downward, and at the same time, the needle 36 of the separating body 35 pierces the soil of the paper tube seedling 2, and this piercing occurs. At that time, paper tube seedlings 2 were planted on that slope.
Separate the seedlings downward from the paper tube-aligned seedlings 1 while pulling the upper part of the seedlings laterally. When separating the paper tube seedlings 2, if force is applied only downward, the separation will be done in a shearing manner, resulting in large resistance and often destroying the paper tube. Moreover, by piercing the needle 36, the posture of the paper tube seedling 2 after separation can be adjusted.
また、苗規制装置３１の各規制板３３は、紙筒
整列苗１の最前列に含まれている個々の紙筒苗２
のそれぞれに対応して、かつ、分離点は一端から
順次同じ位相差を持たせて配置していることによ
り、分離する点は螺旋状に配列され、紙筒苗２は
一端から１個ずつ分離される。また、その螺旋の
ピツチは、紙筒整列苗１の前部から１本ずつの紙
筒苗２を分離するときには最前列の１列の長さと
等しくし、２本ずつ分離するときには最前列の１
列の長さの1/2とし、第３図のように２本ずつ分
離することができ、同様に、規制板３３の配列に
より３本以上複数本分離することができる。 Further, each regulation plate 33 of the seedling regulation device 31 controls each paper tube seedling 2 included in the front row of the paper tube aligned seedlings 1.
By arranging the separation points sequentially from one end with the same phase difference, the separation points are arranged in a spiral pattern, and the paper tube seedlings 2 are separated one by one from one end. be done. In addition, the pitch of the spiral is equal to the length of one row in the front row when separating paper tube seedlings 2 one by one from the front of paper tube lined seedlings 1, and the length of one row in the front row when separating two seedlings 1 at a time.
By setting the length to 1/2 of the row, it is possible to separate two lines at a time as shown in FIG. 3, and similarly, by arranging the regulating plate 33, three or more lines can be separated.
また、紙筒整列苗１の最前列の個々の紙筒苗２
に対して苗押え用のスプリング４３が配列されて
おり、各規制板３３の回転により突体４４がスプ
リング４３に当るとそのスプリング４３を彎曲
し、スプリング４３の下部が紙筒苗２の前面を押
える。この時期は、丁度隣の紙筒苗２が分離され
るときであり、分離する隣の紙筒苗２が誘い出さ
れて不規則に分離されるのを防止する。 In addition, individual paper tube seedlings 2 in the front row of the paper tube lined seedlings 1
A spring 43 for holding down the seedlings is arranged against the spring 43, and when the protrusion 44 hits the spring 43 due to the rotation of each regulating plate 33, the spring 43 is bent, and the lower part of the spring 43 presses the front surface of the paper tube seedling 2. suppress. At this time, the adjacent paper tube seedlings 2 are separated, and the adjacent paper tube seedlings 2 to be separated are prevented from being drawn out and separated irregularly.
また、紙筒整列苗１から分離された紙筒苗２が
規制板３３の下方位置に至ると、等速回転してい
る苗掻き落し体４５の掻き落し羽根４８が針３６
に突き刺さつた紙筒苗２の上面に当接し、紙筒苗
２を針３６から抜き取つて落下管６２内に投入す
る。この落下管６２は上部の幅広の入口６３から
一定の幅の範囲内で落下して来る紙筒苗２を受け
入れ、投入された紙筒苗２を傾斜した底面に沿つ
て滑動させ、下方に行くにしたがつて次第に幅を
狭くしたことにより落下して来る紙筒苗２を集中
させ、落下管６２内を落下して一定の速度を持つ
て吐出口６４から飛び出した紙筒苗２を両側の案
内片６５によつてさらに規制する。この際、吐出
口６４の幅は紙筒苗２の長さよりやや広くしてあ
るため、偶然的条件から紙筒苗２が転倒して落下
して来ても閉塞を起こさない。 When the paper tube seedlings 2 separated from the paper tube-aligned seedlings 1 reach the lower position of the regulation plate 33, the scraping blades 48 of the seedling scraping body 45 rotating at a constant speed move the needles 36
The paper tube seedling 2 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the paper tube seedling 2 stuck in the needle 36, and the paper tube seedling 2 is pulled out from the needle 36 and thrown into the drop tube 62. This drop tube 62 receives the paper tube seedlings 2 that fall within a certain width from the wide entrance 63 at the top, slides the paper tube seedlings 2 thrown in along the sloping bottom surface, and goes downward. By gradually narrowing the width, the paper tube seedlings 2 that fall are concentrated, and the paper tube seedlings 2 that have fallen through the drop tube 62 and have flown out from the discharge port 64 at a constant speed are collected on both sides. Further regulation is provided by a guide piece 65. At this time, since the width of the discharge port 64 is made slightly wider than the length of the paper tube seedling 2, no blockage will occur even if the paper tube seedling 2 falls and falls due to accidental conditions.
また、吐出口６４における両側の案内片６４間
の後面は開口して横断面ほぼハ字状に形成してあ
るので、紙筒苗２が転倒しながら落下して吐出口
６４を通過しても、切欠開口６６から後下方に落
下して閉塞を防止される。 In addition, since the rear surface between the guide pieces 64 on both sides of the discharge port 64 is open and has a substantially V-shaped cross section, even if the paper tube seedling 2 falls while falling and passes through the discharge port 64. , falling backward and downward from the notch opening 66 and being prevented from being blocked.
そして、落下管６２から吐出された紙筒苗２は
案内板６７の曲面に沿つて横方向に方向を変換さ
れ、さらに、紙筒苗２は慣性によりＶ形の植付溝
７１の斜面７１ａに沿つて滑降し、対向する斜面
７１ｂに衝突して止まる。この状態で、それまで
機枠１１とともに行なつていた前進運動は斜面７
１ｂとの摩擦により消滅し、その場に置き去られ
る。このようにして、植付溝７１の斜面７１ａに
次々と紙筒苗２が置き並べられ、つづいて鎮圧輪
１４が植付溝７１の横を走行しつつ横に盛り上つ
ている土を崩し、植付溝７１の壁に置き並べられ
た紙筒苗２を覆土、鎮圧する。 Then, the direction of the paper tube seedlings 2 discharged from the drop tube 62 is changed in the horizontal direction along the curved surface of the guide plate 67, and furthermore, the paper tube seedlings 2 move onto the slope 71a of the V-shaped planting groove 71 due to inertia. It slides down along the slope, collides with the opposing slope 71b, and stops. In this state, the forward movement that had been carried out with the machine frame 11 until then is now on the slope 7.
It disappears due to friction with 1b and is left in place. In this way, the paper tube seedlings 2 are placed one after another on the slope 71a of the planting groove 71, and then the suppression wheel 14 runs along the side of the planting groove 71 and breaks up the soil that has risen laterally. The paper tube seedlings 2 arranged on the wall of the planting groove 71 are covered with soil and compacted.
つぎに、苗コンベヤ２１と苗規制装置３１との
連動関係について説明する。 Next, the interlocking relationship between the seedling conveyor 21 and the seedling regulating device 31 will be explained.
上記のように苗コンベヤ２１により最前列の紙
筒苗２の前面を各規制板３３の外周面に押し付
け、紙筒整列苗１の前面の歪みを修正し、分離体
３５との位置関係を正確に保つようにしている
が、連動機構３７によつてこの押し付け力を一定
にしている。 As described above, the front surface of the paper tube seedlings 2 in the front row is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of each regulation plate 33 by the seedling conveyor 21, the distortion of the front surface of the paper tube aligned seedlings 1 is corrected, and the positional relationship with the separation body 35 is accurately adjusted. However, the interlocking mechanism 37 keeps this pressing force constant.
すなわち、駆動源としての鎮圧輪１４によつて
駆動される苗規制装置３１のプーリ３９が１回転
したとき、苗コンベヤ２１のローラプーリ３８を
紙筒苗２の１ピツチ部よりわずかに大きく回転さ
せるようにし、その過剰分の回転力をベルト４０
の伸びにより吸収し、紙筒苗２に常に一定の押し
付け力を与えるものである。つぎに、これを詳細
に説明する。 That is, when the pulley 39 of the seedling regulating device 31 driven by the suppressing wheel 14 as a drive source rotates once, the roller pulley 38 of the seedling conveyor 21 is rotated slightly more than one pitch of the paper tube seedlings 2. The excess rotational force is transferred to the belt 40.
It is absorbed by the elongation of the paper tube and always applies a constant pressing force to the paper tube seedling 2. Next, this will be explained in detail.
ローラプーリ２５の半径をr25、プーリ３８の
半径をr38、プーリ３９の半径をr39、個々の紙筒
苗の幅をｐ、とする。プーリ３８はプーリ３９に
より回動させられるので、苗規制装置３１ととも
にプーリ３９が１回転すると、プーリ３８は円周
上で
２・π・r39
だけ移動させられ、これをｌとすると、それによ
る回動角はｌ／r38であり、
２・π・r39／r38
となる。これをθとすると、プーリ２５は、プー
リ３８と同じ軸２３に固定されているので、回動
角は同じになり、このときのプーリ２５の円周上
の移動量はθ・r25であるから、
２・π・r39／r38・r25
となる。 The radius of the roller pulley 25 is r25, the radius of the pulley 38 is r38, the radius of the pulley 39 is r39, and the width of each paper tube seedling is p. Since the pulley 38 is rotated by the pulley 39, when the pulley 39 rotates once together with the seedling regulating device 31, the pulley 38 is moved by 2·π·r39 on the circumference. The moving angle is l/r38, which is 2・π・r39/r38. If this is θ, pulley 25 and pulley 38 are fixed to the same shaft 23, so their rotation angles are the same, and the amount of movement of pulley 25 on the circumference at this time is θ・r25. , 2・π・r39/r38・r25.
そして、苗規制装置３１が１回転する間に紙筒
苗２を１列分送り込む必要があるので、
ｐ＝２・π・r39／r38・r25
とならなければならない。逆に言うなら、プーリ
３９の半径はこのような諸関係を満たすように決
定される。 Since it is necessary to feed one row of paper tube seedlings 2 during one rotation of the seedling regulating device 31, p=2.pi.r39/r38.r25. In other words, the radius of the pulley 39 is determined to satisfy these relationships.
しかし、本発明の場合には、プーリ３９の半径
はこのような計算からでてきた数値r39よりも大
きなR39にし、ベルト４０は伸び易いものを使用
している。このような条件で苗規制装置３１が１
回転すると、プーリ３９も１回転してベルト４０
を
２・π・R39
だけ引つ張るが、プーリ３８はプーリ３９の半径
がr39であつたときと同じだけしか回動しない。
なぜなら、これより大きく回動しようとしても紙
筒苗２の前面が規制板３３の外周の規制により前
進できないからである。 However, in the case of the present invention, the radius of the pulley 39 is set to R39, which is larger than the value r39 obtained from such calculation, and the belt 40 is made of a material that is easily stretchable. Under these conditions, the seedling regulating device 31
When it rotates, the pulley 39 also rotates once and the belt 40
is pulled by 2・π・R39, but the pulley 38 only rotates by the same amount as when the radius of the pulley 39 was r39.
This is because even if the paper tube seedling 2 attempts to rotate more than this, the front surface of the paper tube seedling 2 cannot move forward due to the restriction of the outer periphery of the restriction plate 33.
そのため、両者の差、すなわち、
２・π・R39−２・π・r39＝２・π・（R39−
r39）
だけベルト４０を、プーリ３８から離れてプーリ
３９に巻きつきはじめるまでの間（長さＬ）で、
引き伸ばすことになる。そして、苗規制装置３１
が１回転するごとに、これだけずつ伸びが蓄積さ
れる。 Therefore, the difference between the two, that is, 2・π・R39−2・π・r39=2・π・(R39−
r39) until the belt 40 leaves the pulley 38 and starts wrapping around the pulley 39 (length L),
It will be stretched. And the seedling regulation device 31
Every time it rotates, this amount of elongation is accumulated.
苗規制装置３１がＮ回転したときの伸び率は、
２・π・（R39−r39）・Ｎ／Ｌ＝Ｅ
となる。そして、この伸び率が
Ｅ＝R39／r39
に到達すると、これ以上伸びが蓄積することは無
くなり、平衡状態になる。 The elongation rate when the seedling regulating device 31 rotates N times is 2·π·(R39−r39)·N/L=E. When this elongation rate reaches E=R39/r39, no more elongation is accumulated and an equilibrium state is reached.
なぜならば、プーリ３８には伸びる前のベルト
４０が掛つており、苗規制装置３１の１回転で
２・π・r39だけ伸びる前の長さのベルト４０を
送り出すが、送り出されると、伸ばされ、
２・π・r39・（R39／r39）＝２・π・R39
の長さになり、この状態でプーリ３９に巻き取ら
れるのである。すらわち、この状態では、苗規制
装置３１が１回転し、紙筒苗２の１列分を送り込
む際の、プーリ３８からのベルト４０の送り出し
量とプーリ３９の巻き取り量とが、伸びない状態
に戻したとき等しくなり、伸び量の増減はない。
あるのは、この状態を基本にしながらも、紙筒苗
２の幅の誤差に対応した２次的な変動である。 This is because the belt 40 before being stretched is hung on the pulley 38, and one rotation of the seedling regulating device 31 sends out the belt 40 with a length of 2·π·r39 before being stretched. The length is 2·π·r39·(R39/r39)=2·π·R39, and in this state it is wound around the pulley 39. In this state, when the seedling regulating device 31 rotates once and feeds one row of paper tube seedlings 2, the amount of belt 40 being fed out from pulley 38 and the amount of winding up of pulley 39 are elongated. When returned to the non-existent state, they become equal, and there is no increase or decrease in the amount of elongation.
Although based on this state, there is a secondary variation corresponding to the error in the width of the paper tube seedling 2.
プーリ３８はその円周上で、常に、ベルト４０
の伸び率に対応するベルト４０の張力を受ける
が、上記のようにベルト４０の伸び率がほぼ平衡
状態となることから、この張力もほぼ一定にな
り、苗コンベヤ２１で送り出される紙筒整列苗１
の前面も、規制板３３に対して一定の力で押し付
けられ、紙筒整列苗１の前面の歪みを修正するの
に必要とするだけの力を与えられる。 The pulley 38 always has a belt 40 on its circumference.
However, since the elongation rate of the belt 40 is approximately in equilibrium as described above, this tension is also approximately constant, and the paper tube-aligned seedlings sent out by the seedling conveyor 21 1
The front surface of the paper tube-aligned seedlings 1 is also pressed against the regulating plate 33 with a constant force, and the force necessary to correct the distortion of the front surface of the paper tube-aligned seedlings 1 is applied.
なお、上記実施例では、苗規制装置３１の各規
制板３３に分離体３５を一体に形成しているが、
この分離体３５は各規制板３３と別個に形成し、
規制板３３と連動して紙筒苗２を押圧分離するよ
うにしてもよい。また、駆動源としては鎮圧輪１
４のほか、別個の原動機を用いてもよい。また、
開溝器１３によつて形成する植付溝７１は、両方
に斜面を有するＶ字形のほか、一方に斜面を有す
るとともに他方をほぼ垂直面としたものなど、少
なくとも一方に斜面を形成するものであればよ
い。 Note that in the above embodiment, the separation body 35 is integrally formed on each regulation plate 33 of the seedling regulation device 31;
This separation body 35 is formed separately from each regulation plate 33,
The paper tube seedlings 2 may be pressed and separated in conjunction with the regulation plate 33. In addition, the suppression wheel 1 is used as a driving source.
4, a separate prime mover may be used. Also,
The planting groove 71 formed by the groove opener 13 may have a V-shape with slopes on both sides, or a groove with a slope on at least one side, such as a slope on one side and a substantially vertical surface on the other side. Good to have.
本発明によれば、包土を確実につけたまま移植
できる紙筒苗を使用し、紙筒苗が持つている基本
的な欠点である、歪みの修正のため紙筒整列苗の
前面を苗規制装置に押し付ける力を、必要とする
一定の力にすることができるので、過大な力が発
生して紙筒苗を押し漬し、分離時に必要とする規
定の紙筒の幅より狭くなつたり、あるいは、必要
とする力が出なくて歪みの修正ができなかつたり
してトラブルが発生することがなく、歪みを安定
して修正でき、分離体との関係も正しくし、その
作動を安定したものにすることができる。
According to the present invention, paper tube seedlings that can be transplanted with the soil securely attached are used, and the front surface of the paper tube aligned seedlings is restricted to correct distortion, which is a basic drawback of paper tube seedlings. Since the pressing force against the device can be set to the required constant force, excessive force will be generated and the paper tube seedlings will be submerged, resulting in the width of the paper tube becoming narrower than the specified width required for separation. Alternatively, the distortion can be corrected stably without causing troubles such as not being able to correct the distortion due to the inability to generate the necessary force, and the relationship with the separating body is also correct and its operation is stable. It can be done.
そして、従来、直播していた農作物にも移植栽
培を導入し、農業経営の飛躍的向上をもたらし、
また、従来、移植していた作物でも移植の成果を
十分発揮させることができる。 Transplant cultivation was also introduced for crops that had traditionally been directly sown, resulting in dramatic improvements in agricultural management.
In addition, the results of transplantation can be fully demonstrated even in crops that have been transplanted in the past.
第１図は本発明の装置の一実施例を示す一部を
切り欠いた側面図、第２図は第１図の苗案内装置
部の背面図、第３図は第１図の苗規制装置部の平
面図、第４図および第５図はその側面図、第６図
は紙筒整列苗の平面図、第７図はその斜視図であ
る。
１……紙筒整列苗、２……紙筒苗、２１……苗
コンベヤ、３１……苗規制装置、３３……規制
板、３５……分離体、３７……連動機構、３８，
３９……プーリ、４０……ベルト。
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a rear view of the seedling guiding device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is the seedling regulating device shown in FIG. 1. 4 and 5 are side views thereof, FIG. 6 is a plan view of paper tube-aligned seedlings, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view thereof. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Seedlings arranged in a paper tube, 2... Seedlings in a paper tube, 21... Seedling conveyor, 31... Seedling regulation device, 33... Regulation plate, 35... Separation body, 37... Interlocking mechanism, 38,
39...Pulley, 40...Belt.
Claims (1)
育苗した紙筒整列苗から、個々の紙筒苗を分離し
て移植する移植装置において、 上記紙筒整列苗を支持して順次送り出す苗コン
ベヤと、 この苗コンベヤで送られる紙筒整列苗の前面を
受け紙筒整列苗の前面の位置を規制しつつ一定速
度で後退する苗規制装置と、 この苗規制装置で受けられた紙筒整列苗の前端
の紙筒苗を所定位置で分離する分離体と、 上記苗コンベヤの駆動部と苗規制装置の駆動部
とに設けたプーリ間に伸縮自在なベルトを掛け渡
してなる連動機構と、 を備えたことを特徴とする移植装置。 ２ 苗規制装置は、紙筒整列苗の前列の個々の紙
筒苗にそれぞれ対応する規制板を有し、一端から
順次位相差を持つて作動し、個々の紙筒苗を一端
から順次分離して落下させることを特徴とする特
許請求の範囲第１項記載の移植装置。 ３ 苗規制装置は、紙筒整列苗の前列の個々の紙
筒苗を複数の群に等分したそれぞれの群の一端か
ら順次位相差を持つて作動し、各群の個々の紙筒
苗をその一端から順次分離して落下させることを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第２項記載の移植装
置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A transplanting device that separates and transplants individual paper tube-aligned seedlings from paper-tube-aligned seedlings grown in a seedling-raising container in which individual paper tubes are separably connected, supporting the paper tube-aligned seedlings. a seedling conveyor that receives and sequentially sends out seedlings arranged in paper tubes sent by this seedling conveyor, and a seedling regulating device that moves back at a constant speed while regulating the position of the front surface of the seedlings arranged in paper tubes; An elastic belt is stretched between a separation body that separates the paper tube seedlings at the front end of the paper tube aligned seedlings at a predetermined position, and pulleys provided in the drive section of the seedling conveyor and the drive section of the seedling regulating device. A transplantation device characterized by comprising an interlocking mechanism and the following. 2. The seedling regulating device has regulating plates corresponding to the individual paper tube seedlings in the front row of the paper tube-aligned seedlings, and operates sequentially from one end with a phase difference to separate the individual paper tube seedlings sequentially from one end. 2. The transplant device according to claim 1, wherein the transplant device is dropped. 3. The seedling regulating device operates sequentially with a phase difference from one end of each group, which equally divides the individual paper tube seedlings in the front row of paper tube-aligned seedlings into a plurality of groups, and controls the individual paper tube seedlings in each group. The transplant device according to claim 2, wherein the transplant device is separated and dropped sequentially from one end.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26167185A JPS62122510A (en) | 1985-11-21 | 1985-11-21 | Transplantation apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26167185A JPS62122510A (en) | 1985-11-21 | 1985-11-21 | Transplantation apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62122510A JPS62122510A (en) | 1987-06-03 |
| JPH0360447B2 true JPH0360447B2 (en) | 1991-09-13 |
Family
ID=17365122
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26167185A Granted JPS62122510A (en) | 1985-11-21 | 1985-11-21 | Transplantation apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62122510A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-11-21 JP JP26167185A patent/JPS62122510A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62122510A (en) | 1987-06-03 |
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