JPH0357791A - Collision preventing device of hydrofoil craft for dolphin and whale - Google Patents
Collision preventing device of hydrofoil craft for dolphin and whaleInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0357791A JPH0357791A JP19341389A JP19341389A JPH0357791A JP H0357791 A JPH0357791 A JP H0357791A JP 19341389 A JP19341389 A JP 19341389A JP 19341389 A JP19341389 A JP 19341389A JP H0357791 A JPH0357791 A JP H0357791A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- dolphins
- whales
- hydrofoil
- strut
- ultrasonic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 241001481833 Coryphaena hippurus Species 0.000 title claims description 13
- 241001125840 Coryphaenidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、水中翼船のイルカ・鯨類衝突防止装置に関し
、特に進行方向に向けて指向性のある超音波を発振する
超音波発振手段を設けたものに関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a dolphin/cetacean collision prevention device for a hydrofoil boat, and in particular to an ultrasonic oscillation means that oscillates directional ultrasonic waves in the direction of travel. Regarding those that have.
最近、特公昭５３−３７６３６号公報に記載されている
ような高速水中翼船が実用化されているが、この水中翼
船では船首部と船尾部とに夫々回動式ストラットを介し
て前部翼と後部翼が設けられ、前部翼には前部フラップ
装置がまた後部翼には後部フラップ装置が夫々設けられ
、船尾部にはウォータジェント方式の推進装置が設けら
れ、種々の検出機器からの検出信号に基いて制御装置に
よって前部フラップ装置と後部フラップ装置とラダー（
前部ストラット）を制御するようになっている。Recently, a high-speed hydrofoil boat as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-37636 has been put into practical use. The front wing is equipped with a front flap device, the rear wing is equipped with a rear flap device, and the stern section is equipped with a watergent type propulsion device, which detects various detection equipment. The front flap device, the rear flap device, and the rudder (
front struts).
上記水中翼船は既に実用化され、近海航路に就航してい
るが、４５ノットもの高速で翼走する関係上、海上浮遊
物或いはイルカや鯨などの大型海洋生物と衝突したとき
に、翼やストラットに大きな衝撃力が作用する。The above-mentioned hydrofoils have already been put into practical use and are in service on coastal routes, but because they fly at a high speed of 45 knots, their wings and wings are damaged when they collide with floating objects on the sea or large marine creatures such as dolphins and whales. A large impact force acts on the strut.
そこで、上記水中翼船の前部ストラット回動機構及び後
部ストラット回動機構には、大きな衝撃力が作用したと
きに衝撃を吸収して乗客・乗員や船体の損傷を防止する
為の衝撃吸収装置が設けられており、浮遊物等の衝突時
には衝撃吸収装置のショックアブソーバーが伸長し、前
部ストラット又は後部ストラットが後方へ回動し、前部
翼または後部翼の仰角がマイナスとなって水中翼船は緊
急着水するようになっている。Therefore, the front strut rotation mechanism and the rear strut rotation mechanism of the above-mentioned hydrofoil boat are equipped with shock absorption devices to absorb the shock when a large impact force is applied and prevent damage to passengers/crews and the hull. In the event of a collision with a floating object, the shock absorber of the shock absorber extends, the front strut or rear strut rotates rearward, and the elevation angle of the front wing or rear wing becomes negative, causing the hydrofoil to collapse. The ship is set to make an emergency water landing.
尚、参考までに、特公昭５９−１２５０９号公報には、
上記衝突により前部ストラントに鉛直軸回りの衝撃的回
転モーメント或いは水平軸回りの衝撃的回転モーメント
が作用したときに、この回転エネルギをピンやボルトの
曲げ及び剪断破壊で吸収するようにした回転エネルギ吸
収装置が記載されている。For your reference, Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-12509 states:
When an impact rotational moment about a vertical axis or an impact rotational moment about a horizontal axis is applied to the front strut due to the above collision, this rotational energy is absorbed by bending and shearing the pins and bolts. An absorption device is described.
一方、特公昭５Ｂ−１４１６７号公報に記載されている
ように、漁場の魚類保護の為、海中に１０ｋＨｚ〜１０
０ｋＨｚの周波数でイルカ類の可聴しきい値より約１０
０ｄＢ以上高い音圧の超音波を放射してイルカ類を威嚇
する技術は従来より知られている。On the other hand, as stated in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5B-14167, in order to protect fish in fishing grounds,
At a frequency of 0 kHz, it is approximately 10 times lower than the audible threshold of dolphins.
Techniques for intimidating dolphins by emitting ultrasonic waves with a sound pressure higher than 0 dB have been known for some time.
上記公報に記載のイルカ類威嚇技術は、漁場などの特定
海域に侵入するイルカ類を威嚇するのに有効であるが、
水中翼船は４５ノットもの高速で航行する関係上、約１
００ｍ程度前方のイルカや鯨類を威嚇することが必要な
ので、超音波放射領域の設定、音圧の設定、イルカ以外
に鯨類も威嚇し得る周波数の設定など種々の難しい問題
がある。The dolphin intimidation technology described in the above publication is effective in intimidating dolphins that invade specific sea areas such as fishing grounds.
Because hydrofoils sail at a high speed of 45 knots, the speed of approximately 1
Since it is necessary to intimidate dolphins and cetaceans about 100m in front, there are various difficult problems such as setting the ultrasonic radiation area, setting the sound pressure, and setting a frequency that can intimidate not only dolphins but also cetaceans.
本発明の目的は、確実かつ経済的にイルカや鯨との衝突
を防止し得るような水中翼船のイルカ・鯨類衝突防止装
置を提供することである。An object of the present invention is to provide a dolphin/cetacean collision prevention device for a hydrofoil that can reliably and economically prevent collisions with dolphins and whales.
本発明に係る水中翼船のイルカ・鯨類衝突防止装置は、
前部翼及びこれを支持する前部ストラットと、後部翼及
びこれを支持する後部ストラットとを備えた水中翼船に
おいて、前部ストラソトの下部又は前部翼に、水中翼船
の進行方向前方の海中に向けて約１００〜１２０ｍ前方
の海中でイルカや鯨が忌避する１２０〜２３０ｄＢの音
圧となる１００ｋＨｚ以下の周波数の指向性を有する超
音波を発振する超音波発振手段を設けたものである。The dolphin/cetacean collision prevention device for a hydrofoil according to the present invention includes:
In a hydrofoil ship equipped with a front wing and a front strut that supports the same, and a rear wing and a rear strut that supports the same, a part of the front strut or the front wing is provided with a It is equipped with ultrasonic oscillation means that oscillates ultrasonic waves with a directivity of frequency of 100 kHz or less and a sound pressure of 120 to 230 dB that is repelled by dolphins and whales in the ocean approximately 100 to 120 meters ahead of the ocean. .
本発明に係る水中翼船のイルカ・鯨類衝突防止装置にお
いては、水中翼船の前部ストラットの下部又は前部翼に
超音波発振手段を設け、その超音波発振手段から進行方
向前方に向けて約１００〜１２０ｍ前方の海中でイルカ
や鯨が忌避する１２０〜１３０ｄＢＯ音圧となる１００
ｋＨｚ以下の周波数の指向性を有する超音波を発振する
ので、約１００〜１２０ｍ前方でイルカや鯨がその超音
波をキャッチすると、水中翼船が接近するまでに約４〜
５秒時間があるので超音波から遠ざかるようにつまり進
行方向から外れる側方へ逃げるので水中翼船とイルカや
鯨との衝突を確実に防止することが出来る。In the dolphin/cetacean collision prevention device for a hydrofoil boat according to the present invention, an ultrasonic oscillation means is provided at the lower part of the front strut or the front wing of the hydrofoil boat, and the ultrasonic oscillation means is directed forward in the direction of travel. 100, which is a sound pressure of 120 to 130 dBO that is repelled by dolphins and whales in the sea approximately 100 to 120 meters ahead.
Since it emits directional ultrasonic waves with a frequency of kHz or less, if a dolphin or whale catches the ultrasonic waves about 100 to 120 meters ahead, it will take about 4 to 30 minutes before the hydrofoil approaches.
Since there is a time limit of 5 seconds, the hydrofoil can escape away from the ultrasonic waves, that is, to the side away from the direction of travel, thereby reliably preventing a collision between the hydrofoil and a dolphin or whale.
本発明に係る水中翼船のイルカ・鯨類衝突防止装置によ
れば、所定の性能の超音波発振手段を設けるという簡単
な構或によって、水中翼船とイルカや鯨との衝突を確実
に防止することが出来る。According to the device for preventing collisions between hydrofoils and dolphins and whales according to the present invention, collisions between hydrofoils and dolphins or whales can be reliably prevented by the simple structure of providing ultrasonic oscillation means with a predetermined performance. You can.
特に、約１００〜１２０ｍ前方の海中でイルカや鯨が忌
避する１２０〜１３０ｄＢの音圧なので、イルカや鯨を
確実に退避させることが出来、また指向性を有する超音
波を発振するので超音波発振手段は比較的小出力のもの
でよい。In particular, the sound pressure is 120 to 130 dB, which is repellent to dolphins and whales in the ocean about 100 to 120 meters ahead, so it is possible to reliably evacuate dolphins and whales, and it also emits directional ultrasonic waves, so it can generate ultrasonic waves. The means may have relatively low output.
以下、本発明の実施例について図面に基いて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
本実施例は、通称ジェットフォイルと称する水中翼船に
本発明を適用した場合の一例である。This embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to a hydrofoil boat commonly called a jet foil.
第１図・第２図に示すように、水中翼船ＪＦの船体１０
の船首部の下部中央には翼形断面のラダーを兼ねる前部
ストラフ｝１２がその上端部において鉛直軸回り及び左
右方向水平軸回りに回動可能に設けられ、前部ストラッ
ト１２の下端のセンターボンド部１２Ａには前部翼１３
が設けられ、前部翼１３の後緑部には前部フラップ１４
が設けられている。翼走時に前部ストラット１２は図示
のように鉛直に下方へ伸張されまた艇走時には矢印１１
方向へ回動して前方へ水平に起される。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the hull 10 of the hydrofoil JF
At the center of the lower part of the bow of the ship, a front strut 12 which also serves as a rudder with an airfoil cross section is provided at its upper end so as to be rotatable around a vertical axis and a horizontal axis in the left and right directions. The front wing 13 is attached to the bond part 12A.
A front flap 14 is provided at the rear green part of the front wing 13.
is provided. During wing running, the front strut 12 is extended vertically downward as shown in the figure, and during boat running, the front strut 12 is extended vertically downward as shown in the figure.
It rotates in the direction and is raised horizontally forward.
船体１０の船尾部の下部には、左右１対の翼形断面の後
部ストラット２２・２２がその上端部において左右方向
の水平担支ピン２１を介して回動可能に設けられ、左右
の後部ストラット２２・２２の中間位置にはセンタース
トラソト２３がその上端において左右方向の水平枢支ビ
ンを介して回動可能に設けられ、左舷後部ストラット２
２と右舷後部ストラフト２２の下端部同士に亙って後部
翼２４が設けられ、後部翼２４はセンターストラット２
３の下端部にも固着されている。上記後部翼２４の後縁
部には左舷側２枚及び右舷側２枚計４枚の後部フラップ
が設けられている。但し、通常の場合各舷の内側後部フ
ラップと外側後部フラップとは同期作動される。上記セ
ンターストラット２３及びその上端近傍の船体底部とに
亙ってウォータジェット方式の推進装置（図示略）が設
けられている。但し、これに代えてプロペラ方式の推進
装置を設けることも可能である。翼走時に後部ストラソ
ト２２・２２及びセンターストラット２３は図示のよう
に鉛直に下方へ伸張されまた艇走時に矢印２５方向へ回
動して後方へ水平に起される。At the lower part of the stern part of the hull 10, a pair of left and right rear struts 22 with an airfoil cross section are rotatably provided at their upper ends via horizontal support pins 21 in the left and right direction. A center strut 23 is provided at an intermediate position between the port strut 22 and the port rear strut 23 so as to be rotatable at its upper end via a horizontal pivot pin in the left and right direction.
A rear wing 24 is provided between the lower ends of the center strut 2 and the starboard rear strut 22, and the rear wing 24 is connected to the center strut 2.
It is also fixed to the lower end of 3. A total of four rear flaps, two on the port side and two on the starboard side, are provided at the trailing edge of the rear wing 24. However, in normal cases, the inner rear flap and outer rear flap of each side are operated synchronously. A water jet type propulsion device (not shown) is provided over the center strut 23 and the bottom of the hull near its upper end. However, it is also possible to provide a propeller type propulsion device instead. When the boat is running, the rear struts 22, 22 and the center strut 23 are extended vertically downward as shown in the figure, and when the boat is running, they are rotated in the direction of arrow 25 and raised horizontally to the rear.
前部フラップｌ４と左舷内側後部フラップと左舷外側後
部フラソプと右舷内側後部フラソプと右舷外側後部フラ
ップとを夫々回動駆動する油圧式アクチュエータが設け
られ、また前部ストラット１２を鉛直軸回りに回動駆動
する油圧式アクチュエー夕が設けられ、更に前部ストラ
ット１２を水平軸回りに前方へ回動駆動する油圧式アク
チュエータ及び後部ストラフト２２・２２・２３を枢支
軸２１回りに回動駆動する油圧式アクチュエータも設け
られている。Hydraulic actuators are provided for rotationally driving the front flap l4, the port inner rear flap, the port outer rear flap, the starboard inner rear flap, and the starboard outer rear flap, and also rotate the front strut 12 around a vertical axis. A hydraulic actuator is provided to drive the front strut 12 forward about a horizontal axis, and a hydraulic actuator to drive the rear strut 22, 22, 23 to rotate about a pivot shaft 21. An actuator is also provided.
更に、翼走時に海上の浮遊物（材木、ボンベ、ドラム缶
など〉やイルカや鯨などが前部ストラット１２又は後部
ストラット２２・２２に衝突したときに、船体１０に作
用する衝撃を緩和する為、前部ストラット１２の上端部
と船体１０とに亙って衝撃吸収機構（図示略）が設けら
れ、後部ストラント２２・２２の上端部と船体１０とに
亙って衝撃吸収機構（図示略）が設けられているが、衝
突時に前部ストラット１２や後部ストラット２２・２２
が後方へ回動し、前部翼１３や後部翼２４の迎え角がマ
イナスとなるので水中翼船ＪＦは緊急着水する．
この緊急着水時に乗客や乗員にかなりの慣性力が作用す
るので好ましくなく、衝撃吸収機構の一部の部品も損耗
するので前部ストラフト１２または後部ストラット２２
・２２を正規の立向き姿勢に応急的に復旧するのに相当
の時間がかかる。Furthermore, in order to reduce the impact acting on the hull 10 when floating objects on the sea (wood, cylinders, drums, etc.), dolphins, whales, etc. collide with the front strut 12 or the rear struts 22 and 22 during wing running, A shock absorption mechanism (not shown) is provided between the upper end of the front strut 12 and the hull 10, and a shock absorption mechanism (not shown) is provided between the upper end of the rear struts 22, 22 and the hull 10. However, in the event of a collision, the front struts 12 and rear struts 22, 22
rotates backwards, and the angle of attack of the front wing 13 and rear wing 24 becomes negative, so the hydrofoil JF makes an emergency water landing. During this emergency water landing, a considerable inertial force acts on the passengers and crew members, which is undesirable, and some parts of the shock absorption mechanism are also worn out, so the front strut 12 or the rear strut 22
・It takes a considerable amount of time to temporarily restore 22 to its normal standing position.
そこで、この水中翼船ＪＦには、以下に説明するような
イルカ・鯨頻衝突防止装置及び海上浮遊物検知装置が設
けられている．
上記イルカ・鯨類衝突防止装置は、第２図〜第４図に示
すように前部ストラフト１２の下端のセンターボット１
２Ａの前端部から進行方向前方へ向けて指向性を有する
イルカ・鯨類が忌避する超音波を海中へ放射する超音波
発振装置３０（第５図参照）で構威されている。Therefore, this hydrofoil JF is equipped with a dolphin/whale frequent collision prevention device and a floating object detection device as described below. The above-mentioned dolphin/cetacean collision prevention device is mounted on the center bot 1 at the lower end of the front strut 12, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.
It is equipped with an ultrasonic oscillator 30 (see FIG. 5) that emits directional ultrasonic waves that are repelled by dolphins and cetaceans into the sea from the front end of 2A toward the front in the direction of travel.
上記海上浮遊物検知装置４０（第６図参照）は、上記超
音波発振装置３０から放射された超音波の反射波を検知
することにより、水中翼船ＪＦの進行方向前方に比較的
大型の浮遊物が浮遊しているのを検知するものである。The floating object detection device 40 (see FIG. 6) detects the reflected waves of the ultrasonic waves emitted from the ultrasonic oscillator 30 to detect relatively large floating objects in front of the hydrofoil JF in the direction of travel. It detects floating objects.
上記超音波発振装置３０は、第５図に示すように、操作
パネル３１と、コントロールユニット３２と、駆動回路
３３と、超音波発振器３４と、導波管３５とを備えてい
る。As shown in FIG. 5, the ultrasonic oscillator 30 includes an operation panel 31, a control unit 32, a drive circuit 33, an ultrasonic oscillator 34, and a waveguide 35.
上記コントロールユニット３２は、例えば１００ｋＨｚ
のクロック信号を発生するクロック信号発生器とマイク
ロコンピュータなどで構威され、マイクロコンピュータ
のＲＯＭには操作パネル３１で設定された超音波周波数
設定値と音圧設定値とに基いて１００ｋＨｚ以下の超音
波を発生させる超音波発生信号と音圧レベル信号とを出
力する制御プログラムが予め格納されている。The control unit 32 has a frequency of, for example, 100kHz.
A clock signal generator that generates a clock signal of A control program for outputting an ultrasonic generation signal for generating sound waves and a sound pressure level signal is stored in advance.
従って、操作パネル３１のキーを操作して１００ｋＨｚ
以下の超音波周波数と音圧とを入力設定すると、その設
定値がコントロールユニット３２内に記憶され、コント
ロールユニット３２から超音波発生信号と音圧レベル信
号とが駆動回路３３へ出力される。駆動回路３３からは
超音波発生信号で指令された周波数で音圧レベル信号で
指令された電圧の駆動パルス電流が超音波発振器３４へ
供給される。Therefore, operate the keys on the operation panel 31 to set the frequency to 100kHz.
When the following ultrasonic frequency and sound pressure are input and set, the set values are stored in the control unit 32, and the control unit 32 outputs an ultrasonic generation signal and a sound pressure level signal to the drive circuit 33. The driving circuit 33 supplies the ultrasonic oscillator 34 with a driving pulse current having a frequency specified by the ultrasonic generation signal and a voltage specified by the sound pressure level signal.
超音波発振器３４は、例えば強誘電体セラごツタである
チタン酸バリウムの発振素子を１対の電極間に挟着した
もので、この超音波発振器３４は導波管３５の奥端部に
水密構造にして固定され、この超音波発振器３４を装着
した導波管３５は前部ストラット１２のセンターボソド
１２Ａの前端部に前方に向けて海中に臨ませて装着され
ている．上記導波管３５は超音波に指向性を付与する為
のものであり、上記導波管３５の開角は、約１００ｍ前
方で水中翼船ＪＦの船幅の２倍程度になるように設定さ
れている。The ultrasonic oscillator 34 is constructed by sandwiching an oscillation element made of barium titanate, which is a ferroelectric ceramic ceramic, between a pair of electrodes, and the ultrasonic oscillator 34 is installed at the inner end of the waveguide 35 in a watertight manner. The waveguide 35, which is structurally fixed and equipped with the ultrasonic oscillator 34, is attached to the front end of the center boss 12A of the front strut 12 so as to face forward into the sea. The waveguide 35 is used to impart directivity to the ultrasonic waves, and the opening angle of the waveguide 35 is set to be approximately twice the width of the hydrofoil JF at approximately 100 m ahead. has been done.
水中翼船ＪＦは４５ノットもの高速で航行する関係上、
イルカや鯨の海中移動速度に鑑み約１００〜１２０ｍ前
方のイルカや鯨を退避させることが必要であり、超音波
発振器３４から放射される超音波はイルカや鯨にとって
可聴の周波数（１０ＯｋＨｚ以下）で且つ約１００−１
２０ｍ前方の海中で１２０〜１３０ｄＢの音圧レベル（
但し、これはイルカの可聴しきい値よりも７０ｄＢ大き
い〉であることが必要である。そして、この音圧レベル
は鯨にとっても十分耐え難いものであると推測される。Because the hydrofoil JF sails at a high speed of 45 knots,
Considering the underwater movement speed of dolphins and whales, it is necessary to evacuate dolphins and whales approximately 100 to 120 meters in front of them. and about 100-1
Sound pressure level of 120-130dB in the sea 20m ahead (
However, this must be 70 dB greater than the dolphin's audible threshold. It is assumed that this sound pressure level is intolerable even for whales.
但し、超音波発振器３４の位置での音圧レベルは海水中
での超音波の減衰を考慮して設定するものとする。However, the sound pressure level at the position of the ultrasonic oscillator 34 shall be set in consideration of the attenuation of ultrasonic waves in seawater.
尚、液体中での超音波の減衰率Ａは、次式で与えられる
。Note that the attenuation rate A of ultrasonic waves in a liquid is given by the following equation.
Ａ＝（２π２ｆ２／ρｙ３）
× 〔４η／３＋（ν−１） Ｋ ／ Ｃ Ｐ ）ｆは
周波数、ρは密度、■は音速、ηは粘性係数、νは定積
比熱と定圧比熱の比、Ｋは熱伝動度、Ｃ，は定圧比熱、
Ａは液体１ｃｍ当りの減衰率である。A = (2π2f2/ρy3) × [4η/3+(ν-1) K / C P ) f is frequency, ρ is density, ■ is speed of sound, η is viscosity coefficient, ν is the ratio of specific heat at constant volume to specific heat at constant pressure, K is thermal conductivity, C is specific heat at constant pressure,
A is the attenuation rate per cm of liquid.
上記操作バネル３１で設定する音圧レベルは約１００〜
１２０ｍ前方の海中における減衰後の音圧レベル１２０
〜１３０ｄＢであり、コントロールユニット３２の前記
制御プログラムには海中での超音波の減衰を演算するル
ーチンが含まれており、減衰を加味した音圧レベル信号
を出力する。The sound pressure level set using the operation panel 31 is approximately 100~
Sound pressure level after attenuation in the sea 120m ahead: 120
~130 dB, and the control program of the control unit 32 includes a routine that calculates the attenuation of ultrasonic waves in the sea, and outputs a sound pressure level signal that takes the attenuation into account.
上記操作パネル３１により設定する周波数は１００ｋＨ
ｚ以下の周波数であるが、イルカの種類に応じて或いは
鯨を対象として周波数を適宜かえることが出来、鯨を対
象とする場合には２ｋＨｚ程度の周波数が望ましい。The frequency set by the operation panel 31 above is 100kHz.
Although the frequency is below z, the frequency can be changed as appropriate depending on the type of dolphin or when targeting whales, and when targeting whales, a frequency of about 2 kHz is desirable.
次に、海上浮遊物検知装置４０について説明する。Next, the marine floating object detection device 40 will be explained.
前部翼Ｉ３の深度は浅く、導波管３５の開角が前述のよ
うに設定されているので、超音波発振器３４から放射さ
れた超音波は水中翼船ＪＦの前方約４０〜５０ｍの位置
で十分に海面に達し海面に浮遊物があるときには浮遊物
で反射した超音波の一部は水中翼船ＪＦの方へ伝播して
くるので、この反射超音波から浮遊物を検知することが
出来る。Since the depth of the front wing I3 is shallow and the opening angle of the waveguide 35 is set as described above, the ultrasonic waves emitted from the ultrasonic oscillator 34 are located approximately 40 to 50 meters in front of the hydrofoil JF. When the ultrasonic wave reaches the sea surface sufficiently and there is a floating object on the sea surface, some of the ultrasonic waves reflected by the floating object will propagate toward the hydrofoil JF, so the floating object can be detected from this reflected ultrasonic wave. .
浮遊物検知装置４０は、反射超音波を検出する超音波セ
ンサ４１と、導波管４２と、増幅器４３と、フィルタ回
路４４と、Ａ／Ｄ変換器４５と、コントロールユニット
４６とを備えている。The floating object detection device 40 includes an ultrasonic sensor 41 that detects reflected ultrasonic waves, a waveguide 42, an amplifier 43, a filter circuit 44, an A/D converter 45, and a control unit 46. .
超音波センサ４１は１対の電極間に挟着された圧電素子
からなり、導波管４２の奥端部に水密構造で装着され、
この超音波センサ４１が装着された導波管４２はセンタ
ーポソド１２Ａのうち導波管３５の上方近傍部に前方に
向けて海中に臨むように装着されている．上記増幅器４
３は超音波センサ４１からの検出信号を増幅して出力す
る．上記フィルタ回路４４は増幅器４３からの出力信号
を受け所定のしきい値以上の信号のみを出力する．上記
Ａ／Ｄ変換器４５はフィルタ回路４５からの出力信号を
受けてそれをＡ／Ｄ変換しコントロールユニット４６へ
出力スる。上記コントロールユニット４６は、マイクロ
コンピュータからなり、Ａ／Ｄ変換器４５から入力され
る信号に基いて、超音波センサ４１で検出した所定時間
内における超音波の合計数と単位時間当りの数と強度と
を演算により求めて大型の浮遊物の有無を判別し、浮遊
物があると判別したときには操舵室のアラームランプの
制御駆動部へ警報信号を出力する。The ultrasonic sensor 41 consists of a piezoelectric element sandwiched between a pair of electrodes, and is installed in a watertight structure at the inner end of the waveguide 42.
The waveguide 42 to which the ultrasonic sensor 41 is attached is attached to the center point 12A near the upper part of the waveguide 35 so as to face forward into the sea. The above amplifier 4
3 amplifies and outputs the detection signal from the ultrasonic sensor 41. The filter circuit 44 receives the output signal from the amplifier 43 and outputs only the signal above a predetermined threshold. The A/D converter 45 receives the output signal from the filter circuit 45, A/D converts it, and outputs it to the control unit 46. The control unit 46 is composed of a microcomputer, and based on the signal input from the A/D converter 45, the total number of ultrasonic waves detected by the ultrasonic sensor 41 within a predetermined time, the number and intensity per unit time. is calculated to determine the presence or absence of a large floating object, and when it is determined that there is a floating object, an alarm signal is output to the control drive unit of the alarm lamp in the wheelhouse.
以上説明したように、上記超音波発振装ｆｆ３０を設け
たことにより、水中翼船ＪＦの進行方向前方へ指向性を
有する１ ０ ０ ｋＨｚ以下の周波数の超音波を放射
し、約１００〜１２０ｍ前方の海中における超音波の音
圧レベルをイルカや鯨が忌避する１２０〜１３０ｄＢに
保持するので、約１００〜１２０ｍ前方のイルカや鯨を
確実に追い払うことが出来る。As explained above, by providing the ultrasonic oscillator ff30, it emits ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 100 kHz or less that is directional in the forward direction of movement of the hydrofoil JF, approximately 100 to 120 meters ahead. Since the sound pressure level of ultrasonic waves in the sea is maintained at 120 to 130 dB, which is repelled by dolphins and whales, it is possible to reliably drive away dolphins and whales approximately 100 to 120 meters ahead.
上記海上浮遊物検知装置４０を設けたことにより、水中
翼船ＪＦの前方の海面に浮遊している比較的大型の浮遊
物の有無を検知することが出来るので、浮遊物のあると
きには水中翼船ＪＦを減速するとか進行方向を変えると
かの対策を講ずることが出来る．尚、超音波発振装置３
０から放射する超音波の周波数を時々刻々変化させ且つ
その周波数及び発振時刻を表わす信号をコントロールユ
ニット４６へ供給しておけば、海上浮遊物検知装置４０
で超音波の往復時間から浮遊物までの距離を求めること
も可能となる。By providing the floating object detection device 40 above, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of a relatively large floating object floating on the sea surface in front of the hydrofoil JF, so if there is a floating object, the hydrofoil Measures can be taken such as slowing down the JF or changing the direction of travel. In addition, the ultrasonic oscillator 3
If the frequency of the ultrasonic waves radiated from zero is changed moment by moment and a signal representing the frequency and oscillation time is supplied to the control unit 46, the floating object detection device 40 can be activated.
It is also possible to determine the distance to the floating object from the round trip time of the ultrasonic waves.
図面は本発明の実施例を示すもので、第１図は水中翼船
の右側面図、第２図は超音波放射状態を示す前部ストラ
ットと前部翼等の斜視図、第３図・第４図は夫々超音波
放射状態を示す水中翼船の右側図及び平面図、第５図は
超音波発振装置のブロック図、第６図は海上浮遊物検知
装置のプロソク図である。
ＪＦ・・水中翼船、 １２・・前部ストラット、１２
Ａ・・センターポンド、 ｌ３・・前部翼、２２・・
後部ストラット、 ２４・・後部翼、３０・・超音波発
振装置。The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a right side view of a hydrofoil boat, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the front strut and front wing showing the ultrasonic emission state, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a right side view and a plan view of the hydrofoil showing the ultrasonic emission state, FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the ultrasonic oscillation device, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the floating object detection device on the sea. JF...Hydrofoil, 12...Front strut, 12
A...Center pound, l3...Front wing, 22...
Rear strut, 24. Rear wing, 30. Ultrasonic oscillator.
Claims (1)
部翼及びこれを支持する後部ストラットとを備えた水中
翼船において、 前部ストラットの下部又は前部翼に、水中翼船の進行方
向前方の海中に向けて約１００〜１２０ｍ前方の海中で
イルカや鯨が忌避する１２０〜１３０ｄＢの音圧となる
１００ｋＨｚ以下の周波数の指向性を有する超音波を発
振する超音波発振手段を設けたことを特徴とする水中翼
船のイルカ・鯨類衝突防止装置。(1) In a hydrofoil ship equipped with a front wing and a front strut that supports the front wing, and a rear wing and a rear strut that supports the same, the lower part of the front strut or the front wing has a An ultrasonic oscillation means is installed that emits directional ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 100 kHz or less and a sound pressure of 120 to 130 dB that is repelled by dolphins and whales in the ocean approximately 100 to 120 meters ahead. This is a dolphin/cetacean collision prevention device for hydrofoil ships.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19341389A JPH0755673B2 (en) | 1989-07-26 | 1989-07-26 | Dolphin / whale collision prevention device for hydrofoil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19341389A JPH0755673B2 (en) | 1989-07-26 | 1989-07-26 | Dolphin / whale collision prevention device for hydrofoil |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0357791A true JPH0357791A (en) | 1991-03-13 |
| JPH0755673B2 JPH0755673B2 (en) | 1995-06-14 |
Family
ID=16307547
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19341389A Expired - Fee Related JPH0755673B2 (en) | 1989-07-26 | 1989-07-26 | Dolphin / whale collision prevention device for hydrofoil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0755673B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0624387A (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1994-02-01 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Collision prevention assist device for high-speed ship |
| US5559759A (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 1996-09-24 | Gerstein; Laura A. | Method of alerting marine mammals and other mammals underwater of the danger of approaching motor vessels |
| WO1998010522A1 (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 1998-03-12 | Leviathan Legacy, Inc. | Method of alerting marine mammals and other mammals underwater of the danger of approaching motor vessels |
| US5850372A (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 1998-12-15 | Leviathan Legacy, Inc. | Method of alerting sea cows of the danger of approaching motor vessels |
| JP2014021049A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-02-03 | Nec Network & Sensor Systems Ltd | Sonar device |
| JP2014171411A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-22 | Tokyo Univ Of Marine Science & Technology | Generation method of whale repellent noise in water and generator of whale repellent noise in water |
-
1989
- 1989-07-26 JP JP19341389A patent/JPH0755673B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0624387A (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1994-02-01 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Collision prevention assist device for high-speed ship |
| US5559759A (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 1996-09-24 | Gerstein; Laura A. | Method of alerting marine mammals and other mammals underwater of the danger of approaching motor vessels |
| US5850372A (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 1998-12-15 | Leviathan Legacy, Inc. | Method of alerting sea cows of the danger of approaching motor vessels |
| WO1998010522A1 (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 1998-03-12 | Leviathan Legacy, Inc. | Method of alerting marine mammals and other mammals underwater of the danger of approaching motor vessels |
| JP2014021049A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-02-03 | Nec Network & Sensor Systems Ltd | Sonar device |
| JP2014171411A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-22 | Tokyo Univ Of Marine Science & Technology | Generation method of whale repellent noise in water and generator of whale repellent noise in water |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0755673B2 (en) | 1995-06-14 |
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