JPH0332480A - Normal/defective condition deciding method for frictional pressure welding - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a friction pressure welding method which lessens the fluctuation in joining strength by detecting the torque and rotating speed of a spindle during joining, calculating a calorific value of friction and deciding a press welded product as a normal product when the detected value attains the reference value for the normal product. CONSTITUTION:A friction pressure welding machine 1 is provided with the spindle 12 having a chuck 13 to one joining member W1, a motor 2 for rotationally driving the spindle 12, and a gripping part 15 for gripping the other joining member W2 and pressing the member in the axial direction of the spindle 12. While the two joining members W1, W2 are relatively rotated, the members are pressed. The torque and rotating speed of the spindle 12 during joining are detected by a torque sensor 3 and a rotating speed detector 4 and the calorific value of friction is calculated therefrom. The calorific value of friction and the reference value of the normal product are compared. The press welded product is decided to be normal when the calorific value of friction attains the reference value of the normal product. The joint part is cured by way of an optimum fluid state in this way.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は摩擦による発熱を利用して部材を接合する摩擦
圧接法に関し、とくに圧接品の良否判定方法に関するも
のである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a friction welding method for joining members using heat generated by friction, and particularly relates to a method for determining the quality of welded products.

［従来の技術］ 従来、摩擦圧接法は二つの部材を突きあわせて、一方を
回転させ、他方を回転させずに一方に押し付けることに
より、接触面に発生する摩擦熱を利用して二つの部材を
接合するものである。この方法により接合した圧接品の
良否判定方法として、特開昭５７−２２８８９号公報に
摩擦運動の停止しはじめから終るまでの時間を測定する
ものが、また、特開昭５７−２２８９１号公報に摩擦運
動時の接合面における摩擦力を測定するものが開示され
ている。[Prior Art] Conventionally, in the friction welding method, two members are brought together, one is rotated and the other is pressed against the other without rotating, and the two members are bonded using the frictional heat generated at the contact surface. It is used to join. As a method for determining the quality of pressure-welded products joined by this method, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-22889 discloses a method that measures the time from the beginning to the end of frictional motion, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-22891 discloses a method that measures the time from the beginning to the end of frictional motion. A device is disclosed that measures the frictional force on a joint surface during frictional motion.

また、圧接強度の代用特性として摩擦熱と押圧力による
部材の変形量に注目し、部材が接触してから圧接完了時
までの部材の移動量を基準値と比較し、許容範囲内であ
れば良品と判定していた。In addition, we focused on the amount of deformation of the member due to frictional heat and pressing force as a substitute characteristic for the pressure welding strength, and compared the amount of movement of the member from the time the members came into contact until the time the pressure welding was completed with the reference value, and if it was within the allowable range. It was judged to be a good product.

［発明が解決しようとする課題１ しかし、時間を測定する場合も摩擦力を測定する場合も
、一方の部材に他方の部材を押し付けるときの推力の変
動による接合強度のバラツキが大きく、不良品を良品と
判定するなどの欠点があった。また部材の移動量による
判定では、たとえば、接合面が傾いたり面粗さが粗かっ
たりして、最初は接合面の一部分しか接触せず、接合状
態が出来る前に部材が基準値近くまで移動してしまい、
接合部が完全に接合するまえに基準値に達したものと判
定し、強度不足の圧接品を誤って良品と判定することも
あった。[Problem to be Solved by the Invention 1] However, in both cases of measuring time and measuring frictional force, there are large variations in joint strength due to fluctuations in the thrust force when pressing one member against another, making it difficult to identify defective products. There were some drawbacks, such as the fact that it was judged to be a good product. In addition, when making judgments based on the amount of movement of parts, for example, if the joint surfaces are tilted or the surface roughness is rough, only a portion of the joint surfaces initially come into contact, and before the joint state is achieved, the parts move close to the reference value. I did it,
It was determined that the standard value had been reached before the joint was completely joined, and a pressure-welded product with insufficient strength was sometimes mistakenly determined to be a good product.

本発明は、摩擦発熱量の大きさにより良否判定を行ない
、接合強度のバラツキが少ない摩擦圧接法を実現して安
定した圧接品を提供することを目的とするものである。An object of the present invention is to provide a stable press-welded product by realizing a friction welding method in which quality is determined based on the amount of frictional heat generation and there is little variation in bonding strength.

［課題を解決するための手段Ｊ 本発明は、一方の接合部材を掴むチャックを備えた主軸
と、前記主軸を回転駆動する電動機と、他方の接合部材
を把持し主軸の軸方向に押圧されるようにしてある把持
部とを備え、前記両接合部材を相互に相対回転しながら
押圧する摩擦圧接機において、接合中の主軸のトルクと
回転数とを検出し、前記トルクと回転数とから摩擦発熱
量を算定し、前記摩擦発熱量と良品の基準値とを比較し
て前記摩擦発熱量が前記良品の基準値に達したときに、
圧接品を良品と判定する摩擦圧接の良否判定方法である
。[Means for Solving the Problems J] The present invention includes a main shaft equipped with a chuck that grips one joint member, an electric motor that rotationally drives the main shaft, and a main shaft that grips the other joint member and is pressed in the axial direction of the main shaft. In a friction welding machine that presses both joining members while rotating relative to each other, it detects the torque and rotational speed of the main shaft during welding, and calculates the friction from the torque and rotational speed. Calculate the calorific value, compare the frictional calorific value with a standard value for a non-defective product, and when the frictional calorific value reaches the standard value for a non-defective product,
This is a method for determining the quality of friction welding to determine whether a pressure-welded product is a good product.

［作用］ 接合部分が摩擦熱により流動状態になって接合部を形成
するときの熱量は計算でも算定できるが、実際に摩擦圧
接機により動力を測定してみると、接合部材の条件が同
じであれば、接合に要する動力はほぼ一定している。接
合部材を接合するときの動力を主軸駆動モータの負荷ト
ルクおよび回転数より求めて比較し、予め求めておいた
基準値に達したときに良品であるとして判定するので、
判定が確実、かつ簡単にできる。[Effect] The amount of heat generated when the joining part becomes fluid due to frictional heat and forms a joint can be calculated by calculation, but when we actually measure the power using a friction welding machine, we find that the conditions of the joining members are the same. If there is, the power required for joining is almost constant. The power when joining the joining members is determined from the load torque and rotational speed of the main shaft drive motor and compared, and the product is determined to be good when it reaches a predetermined reference value.
Judgments can be made reliably and easily.

［実施例］ 本発明を図に示す実施例について説明する。[Example] The present invention will be described with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

第２図は本発明の実施例の摩擦圧接機の側断面図で、摩
擦圧接機ｌの主軸台１１には軸受に支持されて主軸駆動
用のモータ２によりベルト２１を介し回転される主軸１
２が設けられている。主軸１２には一方の接合部材Ｗｔ
を掴むチャック１３が設けられている。また、摩擦圧接
機ｌのベツド１４上には主軸１２と同軸方向に摺動する
ように支持された把持部１５が設けられ、他方の接合部
材Ｗ２を固定し、ブツシャ１６により接合部材Ｗ２を回
転している接合部材Ｗｌに押し付けるようにしである。FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a friction welding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a main shaft 1 supported by a bearing is mounted on a headstock 11 of the friction welding machine 1 and is rotated by a motor 2 for driving the main shaft via a belt 21.
2 is provided. One joining member Wt is attached to the main shaft 12.
A chuck 13 for gripping is provided. Furthermore, a grip part 15 is provided on the bed 14 of the friction welding machine l and is supported so as to slide coaxially with the main shaft 12, which fixes the other joining member W2 and rotates the joining member W2 with a pusher 16. This is done so as to press it against the joining member Wl.

モータ２にはトルクセンサ３と回転数検出器４を設け、
モータ２において発生するトルクと回転数を検出してい
る。第１図は摩擦圧接機１の制御装置の構成を示すブロ
ック図で、制御装置５は一定時間毎にトルクセンサ３と
回転数検出器４とからトルクＴと回転数Ｎの信号を取り
入れ、摩擦発熱量を算定し、良品の摩擦発熱量の基準値
と比較するようにしである。The motor 2 is provided with a torque sensor 3 and a rotation speed detector 4,
The torque and rotational speed generated in the motor 2 are detected. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control device of a friction welding machine 1. The control device 5 receives signals of torque T and rotation speed N from a torque sensor 3 and a rotation speed detector 4 at regular intervals, and The calorific value is calculated and compared with the standard value of frictional calorific value of a good product.

摩擦圧接する場合、第３図に示すようにインバータ等の
駆動装置６によって駆動されるモータ２により接合部材
Ｗｔを回転するとともに、ブツシャ１６により接合部材
Ｗ２を接合部材Ｗｌに押圧し、−点鎖線で示した接触開
始の位置から移動して移動量ｌが良品の移動量基準値１
０の許容範囲に達して接合部Ａを形成する。In the case of friction welding, as shown in FIG. 3, the joining member Wt is rotated by the motor 2 driven by the drive device 6 such as an inverter, and the joining member W2 is pressed against the joining member Wl by the bushing 16, and the - dotted chain line Moving from the contact start position shown in , the moving amount l is the moving amount standard value 1 for a good product.
0 tolerance is reached and joint A is formed.

このとき、摩擦接合中のトルクＴから摩擦開始前のトル
クＴ０を減算器５１により減じて、正味トルクを求め、
その出力と回転数との積を乗算器５２により求めて正味
動力Ｐとし、積分！ｉ！５３により熱量に換算する式（
１）に基づいて、摩擦接合開始から所定時間まで時間で
積分して摩擦発熱量を計算する。At this time, the torque T0 before the start of friction is subtracted from the torque T during friction welding by a subtractor 51 to obtain the net torque,
The product of the output and the number of revolutions is determined by the multiplier 52, the net power P is obtained, and the integral is obtained! i! 53, the formula for converting into heat quantity (
Based on 1), the amount of frictional heat generation is calculated by integrating over time from the start of friction welding to a predetermined time.

Ｐ＝ｆＮ／９７３　（Ｔ−Ｔｏ）ｄｔ　　　・・・（１
）この結果を良品について予め求めておいた基準発熱量
Ｐ、と比較器５４により比較し、基準値に達した状態で
、接合品が良品であると判定する。P=fN/973 (T-To)dt...(1
) This result is compared with a reference calorific value P determined in advance for a non-defective product by a comparator 54, and when the reference value is reached, it is determined that the bonded product is a non-defective product.

なお、摩擦発熱量Ｐを基準発熱量Ｐ、と比較するととも
に、第４図に示すように、制御装置５に比絞量５５と論
理積回路５６とを設け、移動量検出器７で検出した接合
部材の移動量ｌを比較器５５に入力し、移動量ｅが移動
量基準値１０の許容範囲内に入っていることを確認する
ことができる。すなわち、更に良否判定の精度を高める
ために、摩擦発熱量の基準値と部材の移動量の基準値と
の両方の許容範囲に入ったことにより良品と判定して、
その両方の判定結果を論理積回路５６により処理して最
終判定とし、その結果を駆動装置６に送るようにしても
よい。In addition, the frictional heat generation amount P is compared with the reference heat generation amount P, and as shown in FIG. It is possible to input the movement amount l of the joining member into the comparator 55 and confirm that the movement amount e is within the allowable range of the movement amount reference value 10. In other words, in order to further improve the accuracy of the pass/fail judgment, a product is judged to be good if both the standard value of frictional heat generation and the standard value of the amount of movement of the member are within the allowable range.
The results of both determinations may be processed by the AND circuit 56 to make a final determination, and the results may be sent to the drive device 6.

また、モータ２に電動機を使用する場合は、トルクセン
サ３によるトルク測定の代りに、モータ２の出力トルク
に比例する負荷電流と界磁束を検出し、トルクを計算で
求めてもよい。Furthermore, when an electric motor is used as the motor 2, instead of measuring the torque using the torque sensor 3, the load current and field flux which are proportional to the output torque of the motor 2 may be detected, and the torque may be determined by calculation.

［発明の効果］ 以上述べたように、本発明によれば摩擦発熱量により接
合の良否を判定して圧接作業条件を決めるので、接合部
に最適な流動状態を経て硬化させることができ、接合強
度のバラツキが少ない摩擦圧接法を実現できる効果があ
る。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the quality of the joint is determined based on the amount of frictional heat generated and the pressure welding work conditions are determined, so that the welding part can be cured through the optimal fluid state, and the welding This has the effect of realizing a friction welding method with less variation in strength.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明の実施例を示すブロック図、第２図は側
断面図、第３図は動作中の側断面図、第４図は他の実施
例のブロック図である。 １２・・・主軸、１３・・・チャック、１５・・・把持
部、１６・・・ブツシャ、２・・・モータ、３・・・ト
ルクセンサ、４・・・回転数検出器、５・・・制御装置
、５１・・・減算器、５２・・・乗算器、５３・・・積
分器、５４．５５・・・比較器、５６・・・論理積回路
、６・・・駆動装置、７・・・移動量検出器FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view, FIG. 3 is a side sectional view during operation, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram of another embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12... Main shaft, 13... Chuck, 15... Gripping part, 16... Button, 2... Motor, 3... Torque sensor, 4... Rotation speed detector, 5... - Control device, 51... Subtractor, 52... Multiplier, 53... Integrator, 54.55... Comparator, 56... AND circuit, 6... Drive device, 7 ...Movement amount detector

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １、一方の接合部材を掴むチャックを備えた主軸と、前
記主軸を回転駆動する電動機と、他方の接合部材を把持
し主軸の軸方向に押圧されるようにしてある把持部とを
備え、前記両接合部材を相互に相対回転しながら押圧す
る摩擦圧接機において、接合中の主軸のトルクと回転数
とを検出し、前記トルクと回転数とから摩擦発熱量を算
定し、前記摩擦発熱量と良品の基準値とを比較して前記
摩擦発熱量が前記良品の基準値に達したときに、圧接品
を良品と判定することを特徴とする摩擦圧接の良否判定
方法。 ２、請求項１記載の良品の判定と、接合部材の接触して
から圧接完了時までの移動しうる方の接合部材の移動量
と良品の基準値とを比較し、前記接合部材の移動量が前
記良品の基準値に達したときに圧接品を良品と判定する
良品の判定との両方の結果から圧接品を良品と判定する
ことを特徴とする摩擦圧接の良否判定方法。[Claims] 1. A main shaft equipped with a chuck that grips one joint member, an electric motor that rotationally drives the main shaft, and a grip that grips the other joint member and is pressed in the axial direction of the main shaft. A friction welding machine that presses both joining members while rotating relative to each other, detects the torque and rotational speed of the main shaft during welding, and calculates the amount of frictional heat generated from the torque and rotational speed. A method for determining the quality of friction welding, comprising: comparing the frictional heat generation amount with a standard value for a non-defective product, and determining the pressure-welded product as a non-defective product when the frictional heat generation amount reaches the standard value for a non-defective product. 2. Determination of non-defective products according to claim 1, comparing the amount of movement of the movable joining member from the time of contact of the joining members to the completion of pressure welding with a reference value for a non-defective product, and determining the amount of movement of the joining members. A method for determining the quality of friction welding, characterized in that the pressure-welded product is determined to be non-defective when it reaches the reference value for a non-defective product, and the pressure-welded product is determined to be non-defective based on both results.