JPH0324806B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0324806B2 JPH0324806B2 JP58097269A JP9726983A JPH0324806B2 JP H0324806 B2 JPH0324806 B2 JP H0324806B2 JP 58097269 A JP58097269 A JP 58097269A JP 9726983 A JP9726983 A JP 9726983A JP H0324806 B2 JPH0324806 B2 JP H0324806B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- array
- diameter
- frequency
- spiral antenna
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は円偏波アンテナを素子アンテナとす
るアレーアンテナ装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an array antenna device using circularly polarized antennas as element antennas.
従来この種の装置として第１図あるいは第２図
に示すものがあつた。第１図において、１は素子
アンテナとして用いる円偏波ホーンアンテナ、２
は給電線、３は位相合成回路である。またD1は
該円偏波ホーンアンテナ１の直径、d1は配列の素
子間隔である。 Conventionally, there has been a device of this type as shown in FIG. 1 or 2. In Fig. 1, 1 is a circularly polarized horn antenna used as an element antenna;
3 is a power supply line, and 3 is a phase synthesis circuit. Further, D 1 is the diameter of the circularly polarized horn antenna 1, and d 1 is the element spacing of the array.
第２図は素子アンテナを円形スパイラルアンテ
ナ５で置きかえたものであり、D2は該円形スパ
イラルアンテナ５の直径、d2は配列の素子間隔で
ある。 In FIG. 2, the element antenna is replaced with a circular spiral antenna 5, D 2 is the diameter of the circular spiral antenna 5, and d 2 is the element spacing of the array.
次に動作について説明する。円偏波ホーンアン
テナ１、あるいは円形スパイラルアンテナ４の素
子パターンは給電線２を介して位相合成回路３に
よつて合成され、アレーパターンを形成する。こ
のアレーパターンの形状は素子アンテナ数を固定
した場合、素子アンテナの形状および配列の間隔
によつて決定される。広帯域にわたつて良好な円
偏波特性を実現するためには、第１図の構成の場
合は円偏波ホーンアンテナ１は帯域の下限周波数
の電波をしや断しないよう、直径D1が決定され
る。下限周波数の波長をλlとすると通常
d1＞D1≧0.6λl ……(1)
にとることが必要である。第２図の構成の場合、
円形スパイラルアンテナ４の放射域は全周が使用
周波数の波長λと等しい円となることより、その
直径はλ／πとなる。したがつて、円形スパイラ
ルアンテナ４の直径D2及び、配列の素子間隔d2
と帯域下限周波数の波長λlとの関係は、若干の余
裕を見て通常
d2＞D2≧λl／３ ……(2)
に選定される。 Next, the operation will be explained. The element patterns of the circularly polarized horn antenna 1 or the circular spiral antenna 4 are combined by a phase synthesis circuit 3 via a feed line 2 to form an array pattern. When the number of element antennas is fixed, the shape of this array pattern is determined by the shape of the element antennas and the spacing between the arrays. In order to achieve good circularly polarized wave characteristics over a wide band, in the configuration shown in Figure 1, the circularly polarized horn antenna 1 should have a diameter D1 so as not to cut off radio waves at the lower limit frequency of the band. It is determined. If the wavelength of the lower limit frequency is λl, it is usually necessary to set d 1 >D 1 ≧0.6λl (1). In the case of the configuration shown in Figure 2,
Since the radiation range of the circular spiral antenna 4 is a circle whose entire circumference is equal to the wavelength λ of the frequency used, its diameter is λ/π. Therefore, the diameter D 2 of the circular spiral antenna 4 and the element spacing d 2 of the array
The relationship between the wavelength λl of the lower limit frequency of the band and the wavelength λl of the lower limit frequency of the band is usually selected as d 2 >D 2 ≧λl/3 (2) with some margin.
したがつて、使用周波数帯域がｎ倍、すなわち
ｎ＝fH／fL ……(3)
fL；下限周波数
fH；上限周波数
のとき、第１図、第２図の構成の場合についてそ
れぞれ
d1＞D1≧0.6λl ……(4)
d2＞D2≧0.33nλl ……(5)
が成立することが必要となる。 Therefore, when the frequency band used is n times, that is, n=fH/fL...(3) fL: lower limit frequency fH: upper limit frequency, d 1 > D for the configurations shown in Figures 1 and 2, respectively. 1 ≧0.6λl ...(4) d 2 >D 2 ≧0.33nλl ...(5) must hold true.
従来のアレーアンテナ装置は以上のように構成
されているので、周波数帯域が広い場合、上限周
波数の近くでは波長換算した素子間隔が広くなら
ざるを得ないため、使用上好ましくないグレーテ
イングローブが発生するという欠点があつた。 Conventional array antenna devices are configured as described above, so when the frequency band is wide, the element spacing in terms of wavelength must become wide near the upper limit frequency, resulting in a grating globe that is undesirable for use. There was a drawback of doing so.
この発明は上記のような従来のものの欠点を除
去するためになされたもので、配列方向の径が他
の方向の径よりスパイラルアンテナを用いること
により、配列の素子間隔をせばめ、帯域上限周波
数近くでのグレーテイングローブの発生を抑え
た、広帯域性を有するアレーアンテナ装置を提供
することを目的としている。 This invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional ones as described above. By using a spiral antenna, the diameter in the array direction is smaller than the diameter in other directions, the spacing between the elements of the array can be narrowed, and the antenna can be used near the upper limit frequency of the band. It is an object of the present invention to provide an array antenna device having a wide band property and suppressing the occurrence of grating globe.
以下、この発明の一実施例を図について説明す
る。第３図において、５は長軸の長さD3、短軸
の長さD4の楕円形スパイラルアンテナ、２は給
電線、３は位相合成回路であり、d3は配列の素子
間隔である。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In Fig. 3, 5 is an elliptical spiral antenna with a major axis length D 3 and a minor axis length D 4 , 2 is a feed line, 3 is a phase synthesis circuit, and d 3 is the element spacing of the array. .
次に動作について説明する。楕円形スパイラル
アンテナにおいても、通常の円形スパイラルアン
テナと同じく、その放射域は全周が使用周波数に
おける一波長と同じ長さとなるような楕円上に存
在すると考えることができる。 Next, the operation will be explained. In the case of an elliptical spiral antenna, as in a normal circular spiral antenna, its radiation range can be considered to exist on an ellipse whose entire circumference is the same length as one wavelength at the frequency used.
ここで長軸の長さが2A、短軸の長さが2Bの楕
円を考えることにすると、全周Ｓは次式であらわ
すことができる。 If we consider an ellipse with a major axis length of 2A and a minor axis length of 2B, the total circumference S can be expressed by the following equation.
Ｓ＝4∫〓/2 0√2−（2−2）2〓dθ……(
6)
ここでＡと使用周波数λ、及びＢとの関係を
Ａ＝k1λ＝k2B ……(7)
とあらわすことにより(6)式は次式のように書き換
えられる。 S=4∫〓 /2 0 √ 2 −( 2 − 2 ) 2 〓dθ……(
6) Here, by expressing the relationship between A, the frequency λ used, and B as A=k 1 λ=k 2 B (7), equation (6) can be rewritten as the following equation.
(8)式の右辺の積分項は第２種完全楕円積分であ
り解折的に解くことは不可能であるが、これをＥ
とおき、さらに、左辺をλとおくことにより
k1＝１／4E ……(9)
となるから、全周が波長と等しくなるような楕円
の短軸の長さ、即ち、使用周波数λにおける放射
域短軸方向の長さは
2B＝2A／k2＝２／k2×k1λ
＝２／k2×λ／4E＝λ／2k2E ……(10)
と書くことができる。(10)式をグラフ化したものを
第４図に示す。 The integral term on the right side of equation (8) is a complete elliptic integral of the second kind, and it is impossible to solve it decompositionally, but it is
Furthermore, by setting the left side to λ, k 1 = 1/4E ...(9) Therefore, the length of the short axis of the ellipse whose entire circumference is equal to the wavelength, that is, at the working frequency λ, is The length of the radiation region in the short axis direction can be written as 2B=2A/k 2 = 2/k 2 ×k 1 λ = 2/k 2 ×λ/4E=λ/2k 2 E (10). Figure 4 shows a graph of equation (10).
楕円形スパイラルアンテナ５の形状は長軸の長
さD3、短軸の長さD4であるから、この軸比
ｋ＝D3／D4 ……(11)
が放射域の楕円の軸比
k2＝Ａ／Ｂ ……(12)
と等しくなるように基板上に導体を形成すること
により、使用周波数帯域の下限周波数で放射を可
能にするための楕円形スパイラルアンテナ５の短
軸の長D4は(11)式で示される軸比ｋを大きくする
につれて短縮されることが第４図からわかる。 Since the shape of the elliptical spiral antenna 5 has a major axis length D 3 and a minor axis length D 4 , this axial ratio k = D 3 /D 4 ...(11) is the axial ratio of the ellipse in the radiation region. By forming a conductor on the substrate so that it is equal to k 2 = A/B (12), the length of the short axis of the elliptical spiral antenna 5 to enable radiation at the lower limit frequency of the frequency band used is It can be seen from FIG. 4 that D 4 is shortened as the axial ratio k shown by equation (11) is increased.
したがつて、配列の素子間隔d3も短縮すること
ができるため、従来の装置を使用した場合に比
べ、グレーテイングローブの発生する周波数を上
げることができ、帯域幅次第では使用周波数帯域
外に追いやることも可能である。 Therefore, the element spacing d3 of the array can also be shortened, so the frequency at which grating globe is generated can be increased compared to when using conventional equipment, and depending on the bandwidth, it is possible to increase the frequency at which grating globe is generated. It is also possible to drive them away.
この効果がアンテナ形状を円形から楕円形に変
えることによる楕円偏波率の劣化の効果よりも大
きいと判断される範囲内において、本発明はアレ
ーアンテナ装置としての性能改善に寄与すること
になる。 To the extent that this effect is judged to be greater than the effect of deterioration in elliptical polarization caused by changing the antenna shape from circular to elliptical, the present invention contributes to improving the performance of the array antenna device.
なお、上記実施例では素子アンテナに楕円形ス
パイラルアンテナ５を使用したものを示したが、
これを第５図のように長方形スパイラルアンテナ
６に置き換えてもほぼ同様の効果を奏する。 Note that in the above embodiment, an elliptical spiral antenna 5 is used as the element antenna, but
Even if this antenna is replaced with a rectangular spiral antenna 6 as shown in FIG. 5, almost the same effect can be obtained.
以上のように、この発明によればアレーアンテ
ナの円偏波素子アンテナを配列方向の径が他の径
より短くして素子間隔を短縮したので、グレーテ
イングローブの発生周波数を上げることができ、
装置として広帯域性を向上させたものが得られる
効果がある。 As described above, according to the present invention, the diameter of the circularly polarized wave element antenna of the array antenna is shorter than other diameters in the array direction to shorten the element spacing, so it is possible to increase the generation frequency of the grating globe.
This has the effect of providing a device with improved broadband performance.
第１図及び第２図は従来のアンテナ装置を示す
図、第３図はこの発明の一実施例によるアンテナ
装置を示す図、第４図は楕円形スパイラルアンテ
ナの軸比と放射域楕円の短軸の長さとの関係を示
す図、第５図はこの発明の他の実施例によるアン
テナ装置を示す図である。
図において、１は円偏波ホーンアンテナ、D1
は直径、d1は素子間隔、２は給電線、３は位相合
成回路、４は円形スパイラルアンテナ、D2は直
径、d2は素子間隔、５は楕円形スパイラルアンテ
ナ、D3は長軸の長さ、D4は短軸の長さ、d3は素
子間隔、６は長方形スパイラルアンテナである。
なお、図中同一符号は同一、又は相当部分を示
す。
1 and 2 are diagrams showing a conventional antenna device, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the axial ratio of an elliptical spiral antenna and the shortness of the radiation region ellipse. FIG. 5, which is a diagram showing the relationship with the length of the axis, is a diagram showing an antenna device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a circularly polarized horn antenna, D 1
is the diameter, d 1 is the element spacing, 2 is the feed line, 3 is the phase synthesis circuit, 4 is the circular spiral antenna, D 2 is the diameter, d 2 is the element spacing, 5 is the elliptical spiral antenna, and D 3 is the long axis. The length, D 4 is the short axis length, d 3 is the element spacing, and 6 is the rectangular spiral antenna.
Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or equivalent parts.
Claims (1)
の径より短い複数の円偏波スパイラルアンテナを
素子アンテナとするアンテナ装置。1. An antenna device whose element antennas are a plurality of circularly polarized spiral antennas each having a diameter in the arrangement direction that is shorter than a diameter in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9726983A JPS59221105A (en) | 1983-05-31 | 1983-05-31 | Antenna device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9726983A JPS59221105A (en) | 1983-05-31 | 1983-05-31 | Antenna device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59221105A JPS59221105A (en) | 1984-12-12 |
| JPH0324806B2 true JPH0324806B2 (en) | 1991-04-04 |
Family
ID=14187808
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9726983A Granted JPS59221105A (en) | 1983-05-31 | 1983-05-31 | Antenna device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59221105A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57157603A (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-09-29 | Toshiba Corp | Reflector antenna |
| JPS5945283A (en) * | 1982-09-03 | 1984-03-14 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Variable speed gear for motorcycle |
-
1983
- 1983-05-31 JP JP9726983A patent/JPS59221105A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57157603A (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-09-29 | Toshiba Corp | Reflector antenna |
| JPS5945283A (en) * | 1982-09-03 | 1984-03-14 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Variable speed gear for motorcycle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59221105A (en) | 1984-12-12 |
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