JPH03219259A - Electrophotographic sensitive body - Google Patents
Electrophotographic sensitive bodyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03219259A JPH03219259A JP1545490A JP1545490A JPH03219259A JP H03219259 A JPH03219259 A JP H03219259A JP 1545490 A JP1545490 A JP 1545490A JP 1545490 A JP1545490 A JP 1545490A JP H03219259 A JPH03219259 A JP H03219259A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- belt
- nickel
- seamless belt
- resin
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 15
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 etc. Polymers 0.000 description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trichloroethane Chemical compound ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002433 Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 description 2
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007978 oxazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 2
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000006617 triphenylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-YTEMWHBBSA-N 1,2-bis[(e)-2-phenylethenyl]benzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-YTEMWHBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VERMWGQSKPXSPZ-BUHFOSPRSA-N 1-[(e)-2-phenylethenyl]anthracene Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2C=1\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 VERMWGQSKPXSPZ-BUHFOSPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFJWVJAVVIQZRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-1,3-dihydropyrazole Chemical class C1C=CNN1C1=CC=CC=C1 JFJWVJAVVIQZRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLQYLLIGYDFCGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-anthracen-9-ylethenyl)-n,n-diethylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C=CC1=C(C=CC=C2)C2=CC2=CC=CC=C12 CLQYLLIGYDFCGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000669 Chrome steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021585 Nickel(II) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001370 Se alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MRQIXHXHHPWVIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1397023 Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC1=CC=CC=C1 MRQIXHXHHPWVIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007766 curtain coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000664 diazo group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[*] 0.000 description 1
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=2[34S]C3=C(C=21)C=CC=C3 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- SRWAMKHZLDKAHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;benzene-1,2-disulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O SRWAMKHZLDKAHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006242 ethylene acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YLQWCDOCJODRMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoren-9-one Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 YLQWCDOCJODRMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079865 intestinal antiinfectives imidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SXQCTESRRZBPHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lissamine rhodamine Chemical compound [Na+].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1S([O-])(=O)=O SXQCTESRRZBPHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GACNTLAEHODJKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dibenzyl-4-[1-[4-(dibenzylamino)phenyl]propyl]aniline Chemical compound C=1C=C(N(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(CC)C(C=C1)=CC=C1N(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 GACNTLAEHODJKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IPLJNQFXJUCRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromide Chemical compound [Ni+2].[Br-].[Br-] IPLJNQFXJUCRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UQPSGBZICXWIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromide;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.Br[Ni]Br UQPSGBZICXWIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KERTUBUCQCSNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);disulfamate Chemical compound [Ni+2].NS([O-])(=O)=O.NS([O-])(=O)=O KERTUBUCQCSNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical group C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006287 phenoxy resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013034 phenoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002285 poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002432 poly(vinyl methyl ether) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001470 polyketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006215 polyvinyl ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002102 polyvinyl toluene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazoline Chemical compound C1CN=NC1 DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCYFOPUXRMOLQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene-1-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C1=C2C(C=O)=CC=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 RCYFOPUXRMOLQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dodecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940082004 sodium laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMYRWZFENFIFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 LMYRWZFENFIFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001651 triphenylamine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明はニッケルシームレスベルトから成る電子写真感
光体に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a nickel seamless belt.
電子写真感光体は基本的に導電性支持体上に感光層を設
けて構成されるが、その形状としては、円筒状、ベルト
状等種々のものがある。その中でもベルト状感光体は、
帯電系、露光系、現像系、転写系、クリーニング系等の
配置の自由度が大きくできる等の利点を有する。エンド
レスベルト形状の電子写真感光体を電子写真プロセスで
使用する場合、２本以上のローラを用い、該感光体を駆
動する。このようなベルト状感光体の１つに、ニッケル
を主体としてなるシームレス（無継目）ベルトを支持体
としたものが提案されており、例えば特公昭５２−８７
７４号公報に開示されている。該公報に記載のシームレ
スベルトは、クロム又はステンレス鋼から成る円筒状マ
ンドレルの外表面に所定厚のニッケル薄層を形成した後
、該ニッケル薄層をマンドレルから剥すことにより得ら
れる。Electrophotographic photoreceptors are basically constructed by providing a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, and there are various shapes such as a cylindrical shape and a belt shape. Among them, belt-shaped photoreceptors are
It has the advantage that there is a greater degree of freedom in the arrangement of the charging system, exposure system, development system, transfer system, cleaning system, etc. When an endless belt-shaped electrophotographic photoreceptor is used in an electrophotographic process, two or more rollers are used to drive the photoreceptor. One such belt-shaped photoreceptor has been proposed that uses a seamless belt mainly made of nickel as a support.
It is disclosed in Publication No. 74. The seamless belt described in this publication is obtained by forming a thin nickel layer of a predetermined thickness on the outer surface of a cylindrical mandrel made of chromium or stainless steel, and then peeling off the thin nickel layer from the mandrel.
しかしながら、このようなシームレスベルトを支持体と
して用いた電子写真感光体では、複写サイクルを何度も
繰り返していると、ベルト端部に割れが生じたり、ベル
ト裏面に波打ち状の凸凹模様が発生したりして、装置の
故障、画質の低下を招くといった欠点があった。However, with electrophotographic photoreceptors that use such a seamless belt as a support, if the copying cycle is repeated many times, cracks may occur at the ends of the belt or a wavy pattern may appear on the back surface of the belt. This has the disadvantage of causing equipment failure and deterioration of image quality.
本発明は、このような従来技術の欠点を解消し、搬送時
にベルト端部の割れ、裏面の波打ち状凹凸模様の発生が
防止されたシームレスベルト状電子写真感光体を提供す
ることを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a seamless belt-shaped electrophotographic photoreceptor that eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art and prevents cracking of the belt end and generation of a wavy uneven pattern on the back surface during conveyance. .
本発明者らは、上記目的を達成すべく鋭意研究を重ねた
結果、ニッケルシームレスベルトに特定のビッカース硬
度を持たせることにより、上述の欠点が解消されること
を見いだし、本発明を完成するに至った。As a result of intensive research to achieve the above object, the present inventors discovered that the above-mentioned drawbacks can be overcome by giving a nickel seamless belt a specific Vickers hardness, and have completed the present invention. It's arrived.
即ち、本発明者らの検討によれば、ニッケルシームレス
ベルトを支持体とする電子写真感光体においては、該ニ
ッケルシームレスベルトの硬度がベルト端部の割れ、裏
面の波打ち状凹凸模様の発生に大きく関わっており、ビ
ッカース硬度を４００〜５００とした場合にはこれらの
不都合な現象の発生がほとんどなくなることを見いだし
た。ビッカース硬度が５００を越えると該電子写真感光
体の搬送の繰返しによりベルト端部に割れが生じやすく
なり、一方、ビッカース硬度が４００未満であるとベル
トが軟か過ぎて裏面に波打ち状の凹凸模様が発生しやす
くなってしまう。That is, according to the studies of the present inventors, in an electrophotographic photoreceptor using a nickel seamless belt as a support, the hardness of the nickel seamless belt has a large effect on the occurrence of cracks at the end of the belt and the occurrence of a wavy uneven pattern on the back surface. It has been found that when the Vickers hardness is set to 400 to 500, these undesirable phenomena hardly occur. If the Vickers hardness exceeds 500, cracks are likely to occur at the end of the belt due to repeated conveyance of the electrophotographic photoreceptor, while if the Vickers hardness is less than 400, the belt will be too soft and a wavy uneven pattern will appear on the back surface. becomes more likely to occur.
本発明の電子写真用感光体は、基本的に上記のような特
定のビッカース硬度を持つニッケルシームレスベルトか
ら成る支持体上に感光層を設けて構成されるものである
。The electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention is basically constructed by providing a photosensitive layer on a support made of a nickel seamless belt having a specific Vickers hardness as described above.
本発明のニッケルシームレスベルトは、電気メツキを利
用して形成するのが好ましい。この場合、該ベルトの硬
度はメツキ液の温度、電流密度、メツキ液濃度等を調整
することにより制御することができる。以下、第１図及
び第２図を参照しながら本発明の電子写真感光体のニッ
ケルシームレスベルト及び感光層の製造方法について説
明する。The nickel seamless belt of the present invention is preferably formed using electroplating. In this case, the hardness of the belt can be controlled by adjusting the temperature, current density, plating solution concentration, etc. of the plating solution. Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing a nickel seamless belt and a photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
第１図はニッケルシームレスベルトを電気メツキにより
形成する装置の概略を示したものである。FIG. 1 schematically shows an apparatus for forming a nickel seamless belt by electroplating.
円筒状マンドレル１は電気メツキ槽ｚ中に軸６を介して
絶縁性の支持部７により垂直に吊り下げられている。円
筒状マンドレル１の外表面はクロム又はステンレス鋼等
の金属から成り、内表面はテフロン等の絶縁性部材から
成る。電気メツキ槽２はメツキ液３で満たされており、
メツキ液３の温度は３０〜７０℃が好ましい。ニッケル
片４は円筒状マンドレル１を囲む様に設けられた陽極バ
スケット５内に配置されている。円筒状マンドレル１は
絶縁性のプーリ８、エンドレスベルト９及びモーター■
０により３〜６０ｒｐｍで回転可能となっている。A cylindrical mandrel 1 is vertically suspended by an insulating support 7 via a shaft 6 in an electroplating bath z. The outer surface of the cylindrical mandrel 1 is made of metal such as chrome or stainless steel, and the inner surface is made of an insulating material such as Teflon. The electroplating tank 2 is filled with plating liquid 3,
The temperature of the plating liquid 3 is preferably 30 to 70°C. The nickel piece 4 is arranged in an anode basket 5 provided so as to surround the cylindrical mandrel 1. The cylindrical mandrel 1 includes an insulating pulley 8, an endless belt 9 and a motor ■
0 allows rotation at 3 to 60 rpm.
電気メツキ電流は直流電源１２から電気メツキ槽２へ供
給される。このため、直流電源１２の正極は陽極バスケ
ット５に、陰極は電極１１、導電性の軸６を介して円筒
状マンドレルの外表面に接続されている。Electroplating current is supplied from a DC power supply 12 to the electroplating tank 2. For this purpose, the positive electrode of the DC power source 12 is connected to the anode basket 5, and the negative electrode is connected to the outer surface of the cylindrical mandrel via the electrode 11 and the conductive shaft 6.
メツキ液３としては硫酸ニッケル、ホウフッ化ニッケル
、塩化ニッケル、スルファミン酸ニッケル、臭化ニッケ
ル又はこれらの混合物に硼酸及びサッカリン、パラトル
エンスルフォンアミド、ベンゼンジスルフォン酸ナトリ
ウム、ラウリル酸ナトリウム等の添加剤を添加したもの
が好ましく使用される。As the plating liquid 3, additives such as boric acid and saccharin, para-toluenesulfonamide, sodium benzenedisulfonate, and sodium laurate are added to nickel sulfate, nickel fluoroboride, nickel chloride, nickel sulfamate, nickel bromide, or a mixture thereof. Those added are preferably used.
ニッケルシームレスベルトを製造する場合、そのビッカ
ース硬度は、メツキ液の温度、電流密度、メツキ液濃度
等の管理により制御される。またニッケルシームレスベ
ルトの厚さはメツキ時の電流密度とメツキ時間の積によ
って決まるが、２０〜６０鴻程度が適当である。When manufacturing a nickel seamless belt, its Vickers hardness is controlled by controlling the plating solution temperature, current density, plating solution concentration, etc. The thickness of the nickel seamless belt is determined by the product of the current density during plating and the plating time, and is suitably about 20 to 60 mm thick.
次に感光層の製造方法について説明する。感光層として
は有機感光層が好ましく用いられ、その製造方法として
は浸漬塗布法、スプレー塗布法、カーテン塗布法、ノズ
ル塗布法等が利用される。Next, a method for manufacturing the photosensitive layer will be explained. As the photosensitive layer, an organic photosensitive layer is preferably used, and its manufacturing method includes a dip coating method, a spray coating method, a curtain coating method, a nozzle coating method, and the like.
ここでは−例としてスプレー塗布法を用いて有機感光層
を形成する場合につき説明する。Here, as an example, a case will be described in which an organic photosensitive layer is formed using a spray coating method.
第２図においてニッケルシームレスベルト支持体１７は
支持具１６に取り付けられている。支持体１７は水平に
装架され中心軸１８のプーリ１９に巻き付けられたベル
ト２０を回動することにより一定方向に定速で回転する
様になっており、この様な支持体１７にスプレーガン２
１が近接設置されている。スプレーガン２１は台２２を
支持体１７の長手方向に平行に設置したねじ等のスキャ
ン装置２３に装置し、先端の噴出ノズル２４の所にキャ
リアガスを導くパイプ２５が配管されると共に塗布液タ
ンク２６からの塗布液パイプ２７が配管されて、噴出ノ
ズル２４からのキャリアガスの噴射で塗布液を吸引して
一緒に噴出する様に構成されている。また、パイプ２５
にはガス圧調整弁２８が取り付けられている。In FIG. 2, the nickel seamless belt support 17 is attached to the support 16. The support 17 is mounted horizontally and rotates in a constant direction at a constant speed by rotating a belt 20 wrapped around a pulley 19 of a central shaft 18. 2
1 is installed nearby. The spray gun 21 has a base 22 attached to a scanning device 23 such as a screw installed parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support 17, and a pipe 25 for guiding carrier gas to a spray nozzle 24 at the tip and a coating liquid tank. A coating liquid pipe 27 from 26 is arranged so that the coating liquid is suctioned by jetting carrier gas from the jetting nozzle 24 and jetted out together with the coating liquid. Also, pipe 25
A gas pressure regulating valve 28 is attached to the.
感光層の塗布は、支持体１７を取り付けた状態で回転さ
せ、スキャン装置２３でスプレーガン２１をスキャンし
ながらガス圧調整弁２８で調整されたキャリアガスと共
に塗布液タンク２６内の塗布液を噴出して支持体１７に
吹き付けることにより行われる。To coat the photosensitive layer, the support 17 is rotated with the support 17 attached, and while the spray gun 21 is scanned by the scanning device 23, the coating liquid in the coating liquid tank 26 is ejected together with the carrier gas adjusted by the gas pressure adjustment valve 28. This is done by spraying it onto the support 17.
次に感光層について説明する。Next, the photosensitive layer will be explained.
単層型電子写真感光体において、感光層はＣｄＳ、Ｃｄ
Ｓｅ、 Ｓｅ、色素増感されたＺｎＯなどの無機光導粉
体やフタロシアニン、アゾ系顔料、インジゴ系顔料、ペ
リレン系顔料等の有機顔料、ポリビニルカルバゾール、
オキサゾール系誘導体、トリフェニルアミン誘導体、ピ
ラゾリン、フェニルヒドラゾン類、α−スチルベン誘導
体等の電荷輸送物質及び結着剤樹脂を適当な有機溶媒に
分散した塗工液を塗布して製造される。In a single-layer electrophotographic photoreceptor, the photosensitive layer is CdS, Cd
Se, Se, inorganic light guide powder such as dye-sensitized ZnO, organic pigments such as phthalocyanine, azo pigment, indigo pigment, perylene pigment, polyvinyl carbazole,
It is manufactured by applying a coating liquid in which a charge transport substance such as an oxazole derivative, a triphenylamine derivative, a pyrazoline, a phenylhydrazone, an α-stilbene derivative, and a binder resin are dispersed in a suitable organic solvent.
下引き層、電荷発生層、電荷輸送層から成る積層型電子
写真感光体とした場合、下引き層はポリアミド、ポリビ
ニルアルコール、ポリビニルアセタール、ポリビニルブ
チラール、ポリビニルメチルエーテル、ポリビニルピロ
リドン、ポリ−Ｎ−ビニルイミダゾール、エチルセルロ
ース、ニトロセルロース、エチレン−アクリル酸コポリ
マー、カゼイン、ゼラチン等の熱可塑性樹脂、フェノー
ル、尿素樹脂、メラミン、アニリン、アルキッド、不飽
和ポリエステル、エポキシ等の熱硬化性樹脂及びこれら
の樹脂に酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、酸化インジウム、酸化
アンチモン、酸化スズ等の無機顔料が分散されたものか
ら構成される。In the case of a laminated electrophotographic photoreceptor consisting of an undercoat layer, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer, the undercoat layer is made of polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl methyl ether, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly-N-vinyl. Thermoplastic resins such as imidazole, ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, casein, gelatin, etc., thermosetting resins such as phenol, urea resin, melamine, aniline, alkyd, unsaturated polyester, epoxy, etc., and oxidation to these resins. It is composed of dispersed inorganic pigments such as titanium, zinc oxide, indium oxide, antimony oxide, and tin oxide.
ここで用いられる溶媒はシクロヘキサン、ベンゼン、ト
ルエン、キシレン、ジクロロメタン、１゜１−ジクロロ
エタン、１，２−ジクロロエタン、１ 、１ 、２−ト
リクロロエタン、１，１，２．２−テトラクロロエタン
、モノクロルベンゼン、メタノール、エタノール、ブタ
ノール、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン
、メチル−〇−アミルケトン、メチル−〇−ブチルケト
ン、ジエチルケトン、メチル−ｎ−プロピルケトン、シ
クロヘキサノン、メチルセロソルブ、エチルセロソルブ
、ブチルセロソルブ、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、ジオキ
サン、テトラヒドロフラン等が好ましい。The solvents used here are cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, 1゜1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, 1,1,2.2-tetrachloroethane, monochlorobenzene, Methanol, ethanol, butanol, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl-〇-amyl ketone, methyl-〇-butyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl-n-propyl ketone, cyclohexanone, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, Dioxane, tetrahydrofuran and the like are preferred.
下引き層の膜厚は０．１〜ｔｏ４好ましくは０．３〜５
−程度である。The thickness of the undercoat layer is 0.1 to 4, preferably 0.3 to 5.
- It's about.
電荷発生層は電荷発生物質のみから形成されていても、
あるいは電荷発生物質がバインダー中に均一に分散され
て形成されていてもよい。電荷発生物質は、従って、こ
れら成分を適当な溶剤中に分散し、これを下引き層上に
塗布し、乾燥することにより形成される。Even if the charge generation layer is formed only from a charge generation substance,
Alternatively, the charge generating material may be uniformly dispersed in the binder. The charge generating material is therefore formed by dispersing these components in a suitable solvent, applying this onto the undercoat layer, and drying it.
電荷発生物質としては例えばシーアイピグメントブルー
２５（カラーインデックス（ＣＩ）２１１８０）、シー
アイピグメントレッド４１（ＣＩ ２１２００）、シー
アイアシッドレッド５２（ＣＩ ４５ｔＯＯ）、シーア
イベーシックレッド３（ＣＩ ４５２１０）などの他に
、ポルフィリン骨格を有するフタロシアニン系顔料、カ
ルバゾール骨格を有するアゾ顔料（特開昭５３−９５０
３３号公報に記載）、スチルベン骨格を有するアゾ顔料
（特開昭５３−１３８２２９号公報に記載）、ジスチリ
ルベンゼン骨格を有するアゾ顔料（特開昭５３−１３３
４５５号公報に記載）、トリフェニルアミン骨格を有す
るアゾ顔料（特開昭５３−１３２５４７号公報に記載）
、ジベンゾチオフェン骨格を有するアゾ顔料（特開昭５
４−２１７２８号公報に記載）、オキサジアゾール骨格
を有するアゾ顔料（特開昭５４−１２７４２号公報に記
載）、フルオレノン骨格を有するアゾ顔料（特開昭５４
−２２８３４号公報に記載）、ビススチルベン骨格を有
するアゾ顔料（特開昭５４−１７７３３号公報に記載）
、ジスチリルオキサジアゾール骨格を有するアゾ顔料（
特開昭５４−２１２９号公報に記載）、ジスチリルカル
バゾール骨格を有するアゾ顔料（特開昭５４−１７７３
４号公報に記載）、カルバゾール骨格を有するトリスア
ゾ顔料（特開昭５７−１９５７６７号公報、同５７−１
９５７５８号公報に記載）等、更にはシーアイピグメン
トブルー１６（ＣＩ ７４１００）等のフタロシアニン
系顔料、シーアイバットブラウン５（ＣＩ ７３４１０
）、シーアイバットダイ（ＣＩ ７３０３０）等のイン
ジゴ系顔料、アルゴスカーレットＢ（／（イオレット社
製）、インダンスレンスカーレットＲ（バイエル社製）
等のペリレン系顔料、スクエアリンク顔料等の有機顔料
：Ｓｅ、 Ｓｅ合金、ＣｄＳ、アモルファスＳｉ等の無
機顔料を使用することができる。Examples of charge-generating substances include CI Pigment Blue 25 (Color Index (CI) 21180), CI Pigment Red 41 (CI 21200), CI Acid Red 52 (CI 45tOO), CI Basic Red 3 (CI 45210), and the like. Phthalocyanine pigments with a porphyrin skeleton, azo pigments with a carbazole skeleton (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-950
33), an azo pigment having a stilbene skeleton (described in JP-A-53-138229), an azo pigment having a distyrylbenzene skeleton (described in JP-A-53-133)
455), azo pigments having a triphenylamine skeleton (described in JP-A-53-132547)
, an azo pigment having a dibenzothiophene skeleton (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5
4-21728), azo pigments having an oxadiazole skeleton (described in JP-A-54-12742), azo pigments having a fluorenone skeleton (described in JP-A-54-12742),
-22834), an azo pigment having a bisstilbene skeleton (described in JP-A-54-17733)
, an azo pigment with a distyryloxadiazole skeleton (
(described in JP-A No. 54-2129), azo pigments having a distyrylcarbazole skeleton (described in JP-A-54-1773)
4), trisazo pigments having a carbazole skeleton (JP-A-57-195767, JP-A-57-1)
95758), phthalocyanine pigments such as CI Pigment Blue 16 (CI 74100), CI Bat Brown 5 (CI 73410), etc.
), indigo pigments such as CI Bat Dye (CI 73030), Argo Scarlet B (manufactured by Iolet), Indance Scarlet R (manufactured by Bayer)
organic pigments such as perylene pigments and square link pigments; and inorganic pigments such as Se, Se alloy, CdS, and amorphous Si.
バインダー樹脂としては、ポリアミド、ポリウレタン、
ポリエステル、エポキシ樹脂、ポリケトン、ポリカーボ
ネート、シリコーン樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ポリビニルブ
チラール、ポリビニルホルマール、ポリビニルケトン、
ポリスチレン、ポリ−Ｎ−ビニルカルバゾール、ポリア
クリルアミドなどが用いられる。Binder resins include polyamide, polyurethane,
Polyester, epoxy resin, polyketone, polycarbonate, silicone resin, acrylic resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl ketone,
Polystyrene, poly-N-vinylcarbazole, polyacrylamide, etc. are used.
バインダー樹脂の量は電荷発生物質１００重量部に対し
５〜１００重量部、好ましくは１０−５０重量部が適当
である。The appropriate amount of the binder resin is 5 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the charge generating material.
ここで用いられる溶媒としてはテトラヒドロフラン、シ
クロヘキサノン、ジオキサン、ジクロロエタン、シクロ
ヘキサン、メチルエチルケトン、１．１．２−トリクロ
ロエタン、１，１，２．２−テトラクロロエタン、ジク
ロロメタン、エチルセロソルブ等又はこれらの混合溶媒
が好ましい。The solvent used here is preferably tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone, dioxane, dichloroethane, cyclohexane, methyl ethyl ketone, 1.1.2-trichloroethane, 1,1,2.2-tetrachloroethane, dichloromethane, ethyl cellosolve, etc., or a mixed solvent thereof. .
電荷発生層の平均膜厚は０．０１〜２／４、好ましくは
０．１〜１−程度である。The average thickness of the charge generation layer is about 0.01 to 2/4, preferably about 0.1 to 1.
電荷輸送層は電荷移動物質、バインダー樹脂及び必要な
らば可塑剤、レベリング剤を適当な溶剤に溶解し、これ
を電荷発生層上に塗布し乾燥することにより形成される
。The charge transport layer is formed by dissolving a charge transfer substance, a binder resin, and, if necessary, a plasticizer and a leveling agent in a suitable solvent, coating the solution on the charge generation layer, and drying the solution.
電荷輸送物質としてはポリ−Ｎ−ビニルカルバゾール及
びその誘導体、ポリーγ−カルバゾリルエチルグルタメ
ート及びその誘導体、ピレン−ホルムアルデヒド縮合物
及びその誘導体、ポリビニルピレン、ポリビニルフェナ
ントレン、オキサゾール誘導体、オキサジアゾール誘導
体、イミダゾール誘導体、トリフェニルアミン誘導体、
９−（ｐ−ジエチルアミノスチリル）アントラセン、１
，１−ビス（４−ジベンジルアミノフェニル）プロパン
、スチリルアントラセン、スチリルピラゾリン、フェニ
ルピラゾリン類、α−スチルベン誘導体等の電子供与性
物質が挙げられる。As the charge transport substance, poly-N-vinylcarbazole and its derivatives, poly-γ-carbazolylethylglutamate and its derivatives, pyrene-formaldehyde condensate and its derivatives, polyvinylpyrene, polyvinylphenanthrene, oxazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, triphenylamine derivatives,
9-(p-diethylaminostyryl)anthracene, 1
, 1-bis(4-dibenzylaminophenyl)propane, styrylanthracene, styrylpyrazoline, phenylpyrazolines, and α-stilbene derivatives.
バインダー樹脂としてはポリスチレン、スチレン−アク
リロニトリル共重合体、スチレン−ブタジェン共重合体
、スチレン−無水マレイン酸共重合体、ポリエステル、
ポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポ
リ酢酸ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、
ポリアクリレート樹脂、フェノキシ樹脂、ポリカーボネ
ート、酢酸セルロース樹脂、エチルセルロース樹脂、ポ
リビニルブチラール、ポリビニルホルマール、ポリビニ
ルトルエン、ポリ−Ｎ−ビニルカルバゾール、アクリル
樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、メラミン樹脂、
ウレタン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、アルキッド樹脂等の熱
可塑性又は熱硬化性樹脂が挙げられる。Binder resins include polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, polyester,
Polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride,
Polyacrylate resin, phenoxy resin, polycarbonate, cellulose acetate resin, ethyl cellulose resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl toluene, poly-N-vinylcarbazole, acrylic resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin,
Examples include thermoplastic or thermosetting resins such as urethane resins, phenol resins, and alkyd resins.
電荷輸送層を形成するための溶剤としてはテトラヒドロ
フラン、ジオキサン、トルエン、モノクロルベンゼン、
１，２−ジクロロエタン、シクロヘキサノン、塩化メチ
レン、１，１，２．２−テトラクロロエタン及びこれら
の混合溶剤が好ましい。電荷輸送層の膜厚は１０〜１０
０．、好ましくは２０〜４０ｐｓである。Solvents for forming the charge transport layer include tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, toluene, monochlorobenzene,
Preferred are 1,2-dichloroethane, cyclohexanone, methylene chloride, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, and mixed solvents thereof. The thickness of the charge transport layer is 10 to 10
0. , preferably 20 to 40 ps.
また、電荷輸送層上に保護層を設けても良い。Further, a protective layer may be provided on the charge transport layer.
この保護層は結着剤樹脂中に金属又は金属酸化物の超微
粉末を分散し゛た層で形成することができる。This protective layer can be formed of a layer in which ultrafine metal or metal oxide powder is dispersed in a binder resin.
結着剤樹脂としては可視及び赤外光に対して実質上透明
で電気絶縁性、機械的強度、接着性に優れたものが望ま
しい。例えば、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹
脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂、
塩化ビニル−酢酸ビニル共重合体、シリコーン樹脂、ア
ルキッド樹脂、メラミン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリビ
ニルクロライド樹脂、環化ブタジェンゴム、フッ素樹脂
等を用いることができる。金属粉末としては、金、銀、
アルミニウム、鉄、銅、ニッケル、金属酸化物としては
酸化亜鉛、酸化チタン、酸化スズ、酸化ビスマス、酸化
アンチモン、酸化インジウム等が使用できる。The binder resin is preferably one that is substantially transparent to visible and infrared light and has excellent electrical insulation, mechanical strength, and adhesive properties. For example, polyester resin, polycarbonate resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin,
Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, silicone resin, alkyd resin, melamine resin, phenol resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, cyclized butadiene rubber, fluororesin, etc. can be used. Metal powders include gold, silver,
Aluminum, iron, copper, nickel, and metal oxides such as zinc oxide, titanium oxide, tin oxide, bismuth oxide, antimony oxide, and indium oxide can be used.
保護層の結着樹脂と金属又は金属酸化物の組成比は材料
の組み合せによっても異なるが、結着剤樹脂１００重量
部に対し金属あるいは金属酸化物を５〜５００重量部の
範囲で用いる。The composition ratio of the binder resin and the metal or metal oxide in the protective layer varies depending on the combination of materials, but the metal or metal oxide is used in a range of 5 to 500 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the binder resin.
保護層の膜厚は必要に応じて０．５〜３０．の間に設定
することができる。The thickness of the protective layer is 0.5 to 30. It can be set between
次に、本発明を実施例により更に詳しく説明する。 Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.
第１図の電気メツキ装置において外径１２７．４ｍｍ、
長さ４００＋ａ＋ａのステンレス鋼製円筒状マンドレル
を用いて下記のメツキ液組成及びメツキ条件で厚さ３０
【のニッケルシームレスベルトＡ、Ｂ、Ｃ，Ｄ、Ｅを作
成した。In the electroplating device shown in Fig. 1, the outer diameter is 127.4 mm,
Using a stainless steel cylindrical mandrel with a length of 400+a+a, a thickness of 30mm was obtained using the following plating liquid composition and plating conditions.
Nickel seamless belts A, B, C, D, and E were created.
（メツキ液組成）
臭化ニッケル（日本化学産業展） ５ｇ／Ｑ
硼酸（関東化学層） ３０ｇ／１
２添加剤（ＮＳＦ−Ｅ日本化学産業層） ５ｃ
ｃ／Ｑこの様にして作成したニッケルシームレスベルト
を円筒状マンドレルから取りはずし、長さ３００閣臘に
切断した後、イオン交換水（伝導度Ｉ Ｘ １０−’ｗ
ｈ。(Metsuki liquid composition) Nickel bromide (Japan Chemical Industry Exhibition) 5g/Q
Boric acid (Kanto chemical layer) 30g/1
2 additives (NSF-E Japan Chemical Industry Layer) 5c
c/Q The nickel seamless belt thus prepared was removed from the cylindrical mandrel and cut into 300mm lengths, and then soaked in ion-exchanged water (conductivity I x 10-'w).
h.
／ｃｒａ以下）中で５分間超音波洗浄を行なった。/cra or less) for 5 minutes.
続いて、
共重合ナイロン（ＣＭ８０００、東し製）１０ｇメタノ
ール（関東化学層） １６８ｇ１−ブ
タノール（関東化学層）７２ｇ
から成る下引き層塗工液を調整し、第２図のスプレー塗
工装置を用いて上記の５本のニッケルシームレスベルト
上に下記のスプレー塗工条件で膜厚０．３２．の下引き
層を塗工形成した。Next, an undercoat layer coating solution consisting of 10 g of copolymerized nylon (CM8000, manufactured by Toshi), 168 g of methanol (Kanto Kagaku Seiya), and 72 g of 1-butanol (Kanto Kagaku Seiya) was prepared, and the spray coating device shown in Figure 2 was used. Using the above five nickel seamless belts, a film thickness of 0.32 mm was applied under the following spray coating conditions. An undercoat layer was formed by coating.
（下引き層スプレー塗工条件）
スプレー圧力 １．５ｋｇ／ｄス
プレーノズルー支持体間距離 １３０ｍｍ支持
体回転数 ７３ｒｐｍスプレー
ノズルスキャン速度 ｈ＋ｍ／秒塗工液吐出量
１ 、７ｃｃ／分スキャン回数
７回一方、次の組成
下記式（Ｉ）のビスアゾ顔料（リコー製）２０ｇシクロ
へキサノン ３８０ｇからなる
混合物をボールミルポットに取り、ミル部材として１０
ｎ＋＋ｉφＳＵＳボールを使用し、４８時間ボールミリ
ングした後、さらに、シクロへキサノン４００ｇを加え
て１時間ミリングした。(Undercoat layer spray coating conditions) Spray pressure 1.5 kg/d Distance between spray nozzle and support 130 mm Support rotation speed 73 rpm Spray nozzle scan speed h+m/sec Coating liquid discharge amount 1, 7 cc/min Number of scans 7 times On the other hand, a mixture consisting of 20 g of bisazo pigment (manufactured by Ricoh) having the following composition and formula (I) and 380 g of cyclohexanone was placed in a ball mill pot, and 10
After ball milling for 48 hours using n++iφ SUS balls, 400 g of cyclohexanone was further added and milling was carried out for 1 hour.
ミリングした後、ミルベースを取り出し、固形分温度が
０．８重量％になるようにシクロヘキサノンを加えて希
釈し、撹拌して電荷発生層形成用の分散液を調製した。After milling, the millbase was taken out, diluted with cyclohexanone so that the solid content temperature was 0.8% by weight, and stirred to prepare a dispersion for forming a charge generation layer.
スキャン回数 ９回続いて
、次の組成の電荷輸送層塗工液を調整した。The number of scans was 9. Subsequently, a charge transport layer coating solution having the following composition was prepared.
電荷輸送物質（下記式（■））（リコー製） ７
ｇシリコーンオイル（にＦ−５０、信越化学展） ０．
００２ｇテトラヒドロフラン（関東化学層）８３ｇシク
ロヘキサノン（関東化学層） １５０ｇこの
塗工液を下記のスプレー条件で塗工し、膜厚０．１．の
電荷発生層を形成し、１００℃で１０分間加熱乾燥を行
なった。Charge transport material (formula (■) below) (manufactured by Ricoh) 7
g Silicone oil (F-50, Shin-Etsu Chemical Exhibition) 0.
002 g Tetrahydrofuran (Kanto Kagaku Seiya) 83 g Cyclohexanone (Kanto Kagaku Seiya) 150 g This coating solution was applied under the following spray conditions to give a film thickness of 0.1. A charge generation layer was formed and dried by heating at 100° C. for 10 minutes.
（電荷発生層スプレー塗工条件）
スプレー圧力 １．５ｋｇ／ａＪ
スプレーノズルー支持体間距離 ９０＋ａ鳳支
持体回転数 ７３ｒｐ鳳スプ
レ一ノズルスキヤン速度 ４１薦１秒塗工液吐
出量 ２・５ｃｃ／分（α−フェ
ニルスチルベン化合物）
この塗工液を下記のスプレー条件で膜厚２２．の電荷輸
送層で塗工し、１００℃で６０分間加熱乾燥を行なった
。(Charge generation layer spray coating conditions) Spray pressure 1.5kg/aJ
Distance between spray nozzle and support: 90 + a Support rotation speed: 73 rp Spray nozzle scanning speed: 41 recommended 1 second Coating liquid discharge rate: 2.5 cc/min (α-phenylstilbene compound) This coating liquid was sprayed under the following spray conditions. The film thickness is 22. The charge transport layer was applied and dried by heating at 100° C. for 60 minutes.
（電荷輸送層スプレー塗工条件）
スプレー圧力 １．５ｋｇ／ｃｄ
スプレーノズルー支持体間距離 ８０■飄支持
体回転数 ６０ｒｐ醜スプレ一
ノズルスキヤン速度 ５ｍｍ／秒塗工液吐出量
１２ 、３ｃｃ／分スキャン回
数 ８回この様にして作成
した感光体を静電式複写機（マイリフピート１０；リコ
ー製）の改造機に取り付けて画像評価を行なった。また
支持体のニッケルシームレスベルトのビッカース硬度を
寺沢式微小硬度計ＳＭ−Ｉｆ型（大洋テスター製）を用
いて測定した。結果を表−１に示す。(Charge transport layer spray coating conditions) Spray pressure 1.5kg/cd
Distance between spray nozzle and support: 80 Spray support rotation speed: 60 rpm Ugly spray nozzle scan speed: 5 mm/sec Coating liquid discharge amount: 12, 3 cc/min Number of scans: 8 The photoreceptor prepared in this way was electrostatically The image was evaluated by attaching it to a modified copying machine (My Repeat 10; manufactured by Ricoh). Further, the Vickers hardness of the nickel seamless belt serving as the support was measured using a Terasawa type microhardness meter SM-If type (manufactured by Taiyo Tester). The results are shown in Table-1.
表−１
表−１から明らかなように、本発明にしたがって作成し
たニッケルシームレスベルトＢ、Ｃ，Ｄを用いた電子写
真感光体では波打ち状凹凸模様発生、ベルト端部の割れ
が効果的に防止され、本発明による効果が確認された。Table 1 As is clear from Table 1, electrophotographic photoreceptors using nickel seamless belts B, C, and D produced according to the present invention effectively prevent the occurrence of wavy uneven patterns and cracks at the belt edges. The effects of the present invention were confirmed.
本発明の電子写真感光体は支持体として特定のビッカー
ス硬度を持つニッケルシームレスベルトを用いるため、
搬送時のベルト端部の割れ、裏面の波打ち凹凸模様の発
生が効果的に防止でき、高品質の画像の提供が可能とな
る。Since the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention uses a nickel seamless belt having a specific Vickers hardness as a support,
It is possible to effectively prevent cracks at the end of the belt during conveyance and the occurrence of wavy, uneven patterns on the back surface, making it possible to provide high-quality images.
第１図は本発明の電子写真感光体のニッケルシームレス
ベルトを電気メツキにより作成するための装置の一例を
示す概略図、第２図は本発明の電子写真感光体のニッケ
ルシームレスベルト上に感光層を塗工形成するための装
置の一例を示す概略図である。
１・・・円筒状マンドレル ２・・・電気メツキ槽
３・・・メツキ液 ４・・・ニッケル片５
・・・陽極バスケット ７・・・支持部１１・・
・電極 １２・・・直流電源１３・・
・ニッケルベルト
２１・・・スプレーガン
２４・・・噴出ノズル
１７・・・支持体
２３・・・スキャン装置
第１図FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an apparatus for producing a nickel seamless belt of the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention by electroplating, and FIG. 2 shows a photosensitive layer on the nickel seamless belt of the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an apparatus for coating and forming. 1... Cylindrical mandrel 2... Electroplating tank 3... Plating liquid 4... Nickel piece 5
...Anode basket 7...Support part 11...
・Electrode 12...DC power supply 13...
・Nickel belt 21...Spray gun 24...Ejection nozzle 17...Support body 23...Scanning device Fig. 1
Claims (1)
光体において、該導電性支持体がビッカース硬度４００
〜５００のニッケルシームレスベルトから成る事を特徴
とする電子写真感光体。(1) In an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a photosensitive layer provided on a conductive support, the conductive support has a Vickers hardness of 400.
An electrophotographic photoreceptor characterized by comprising a nickel seamless belt of ~500.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1545490A JP2913104B2 (en) | 1990-01-24 | 1990-01-24 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1545490A JP2913104B2 (en) | 1990-01-24 | 1990-01-24 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03219259A true JPH03219259A (en) | 1991-09-26 |
| JP2913104B2 JP2913104B2 (en) | 1999-06-28 |
Family
ID=11889252
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1545490A Expired - Lifetime JP2913104B2 (en) | 1990-01-24 | 1990-01-24 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2913104B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002328564A (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-11-15 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Endless belt |
| US6816691B2 (en) * | 2001-05-21 | 2004-11-09 | Ricoh Company | Apparatus having endless belt with roughened guide |
-
1990
- 1990-01-24 JP JP1545490A patent/JP2913104B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002328564A (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-11-15 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Endless belt |
| US6816691B2 (en) * | 2001-05-21 | 2004-11-09 | Ricoh Company | Apparatus having endless belt with roughened guide |
| US7027759B2 (en) | 2001-05-21 | 2006-04-11 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Apparatus having endless belt with roughened guide |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2913104B2 (en) | 1999-06-28 |
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