JPH03189058A - Aluminum die casting-made parts and aluminum die casting product using this parts and manufacture of aluminum die casting product - Google Patents
Aluminum die casting-made parts and aluminum die casting product using this parts and manufacture of aluminum die casting productInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03189058A JPH03189058A JP1325303A JP32530389A JPH03189058A JP H03189058 A JPH03189058 A JP H03189058A JP 1325303 A JP1325303 A JP 1325303A JP 32530389 A JP32530389 A JP 32530389A JP H03189058 A JPH03189058 A JP H03189058A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum die
- cast
- parts
- die casting
- aluminum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 244000108452 Litchi chinensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015742 Nephelium litchi Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、分割成型されたアルミダイカスト製部品およ
び該部品を一体化してなるアルミダイカスト製品並びに
アルミダイカスト製品の製造方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to separately molded aluminum die-cast parts, aluminum die-cast products formed by integrating the parts, and a method for manufacturing aluminum die-cast products.
（従来の技術）
自動車、自動二輪車等の輸送機器に用いられる内燃機関
の吸気管は、例えば、特公昭６４−５０８２号公報およ
び実公昭６３−３９３８３号公報に開示されているよう
に、その形状が複雑なことから、一般に、鋳造（金型鋳
造法、低圧鋳造法等）により、中子を利用して製造され
る。(Prior Art) The intake pipe of an internal combustion engine used in transportation equipment such as automobiles and motorcycles has a shape as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-5082 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-39383. Because of its complexity, it is generally manufactured by casting (die casting, low-pressure casting, etc.) using a core.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
内燃機関に用いられる吸気管は、内燃機関の燃焼効率に
悪影響を与えないように、その内面は滑らかに仕上げら
れているのが好ましい。ところが、金型鋳造法および低
圧鋳造法によって製造された吸気管の内面は鋳肌が荒い
ため、燃焼効率に悪影響を及ぼすおそれがあった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) It is preferable that the inner surface of an intake pipe used in an internal combustion engine is finished smoothly so as not to adversely affect the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine. However, the inner surface of the intake pipe manufactured by the die casting method and the low pressure casting method has a rough casting surface, which may adversely affect combustion efficiency.
また、内燃機関に吸入される空気に回転を与えて混合気
の霧化の状態を良くすれば燃焼効率を向上できる。その
ために、吸気管内面に空気を回転できるようにスワール
を形成すれば良いことが知られている。ところがスワー
ルを形成するためには非常に複雑な中子を使用しなけれ
ばならず、スワールを形成することが難しかった。Furthermore, combustion efficiency can be improved by imparting rotation to the air taken into the internal combustion engine to improve the atomization of the air-fuel mixture. For this purpose, it is known that a swirl can be formed on the inner surface of the intake pipe to rotate the air. However, in order to form a swirl, a very complicated core had to be used, making it difficult to form a swirl.
さらに、吸気管に限らず、金型鋳造方法および低圧鋳造
法によって製造された品物は厚肉のために重量が大きく
、また、鋳肌が荒いため商品としてその外観が問題にな
ることがある。Furthermore, not only intake pipes but also products manufactured by mold casting methods and low-pressure casting methods are heavy due to their thick walls, and have rough casting surfaces, which may cause problems with their appearance as products.
上記の不具合を改善するために、アルミダイカストで吸
気管を分割成型し、この分割成型された部品を溶接して
製品化する製造方法が考えられる。In order to improve the above-mentioned problems, a manufacturing method can be considered in which the intake pipe is molded in parts using aluminum die-casting, and the divided parts are welded to form a product.
この製造方法によれば、分割成型によって吸気管の内壁
にスワールを形成することができ、吸気管内面も金型鋳
造法および低圧鋳造法で製造された製品に比べて滑らか
であり、鋳造時間も短縮できるという利点がある。According to this manufacturing method, it is possible to form a swirl on the inner wall of the intake pipe by split molding, and the inner surface of the intake pipe is smoother than products manufactured by die casting or low pressure casting, and the casting time is also reduced. It has the advantage of being shortened.
しかし、アルミダイカスト製部品を溶接で組立てる際、
溶接部の開先表面近傍に存在する鋳巣などの内部欠陥に
より、溶接作業性が悪くなるという問題点がある。さら
に、アルミダイカスト製品の表面は鋳造のままでも比較
的滑らかであるが、溶接の開先としては十分に平滑であ
るとはいえない。However, when assembling aluminum die-cast parts by welding,
There is a problem in that welding workability deteriorates due to internal defects such as blowholes existing near the groove surface of the weld. Furthermore, although the surface of an aluminum die-cast product is relatively smooth even as it is cast, it cannot be said to be sufficiently smooth for use as a welding groove.
本発明の目的は、上記の問題点を解消し、溶接をし易い
アルミダイカスト製部品、および溶接欠陥のないアルミ
ダイカスト製品、ならびに欠陥を生じせないで前記アル
ミダイカスト製品を製造できる製造方法を提供すること
にある。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide aluminum die-cast parts that are easy to weld, aluminum die-cast products without welding defects, and a manufacturing method that can produce the aluminum die-cast products without producing defects. It's about doing.
（課題を解決するための手段および作用）前記の問題点
を解決し、目的を達成するために、本発明は、アルミダ
イカスト製部品本体の、該部品本体を次工程で溶接する
際の接合部に、溶接性の良好なライチ部材を配置して該
部品本体を鋳込んだ点に第１の特徴があり、前記分割成
型されたアルミダイカスト製部品本体の接合部に配置し
た溶接性の良好なライナ部材同士を溶接することにより
、複数に分割して成型した部品を一体化した点に第２の
特徴がある。(Means and Effects for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the objects, the present invention provides a joint part of an aluminum die-cast part body when the part body is welded in the next process. The first feature is that the part body is cast by arranging a lychee member with good weldability, and the lychee member with good weldability is placed at the joint of the separately molded aluminum die-cast part body. The second feature is that the molded parts are integrated by welding the liner members together.
さらに、本発明は、内燃機関の吸気管を前記アルミダイ
カスト製部品を用いて製造した点に第３の特徴がある。Furthermore, the third feature of the present invention is that the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine is manufactured using the aluminum die-cast parts.
上記の構成を有する本発明では、部品の接合部に溶接性
良好なライチ部材を配したので、各部品の組立に際して
は該ライナ部材同士を容易に溶接できる。In the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, since the lychee member with good weldability is arranged at the joining portion of the parts, the liner members can be easily welded together when assembling each part.
また、アルミダイカスト製部品に一体化された前記ライ
ナ部材同士を溶接してアルミダイカスト製品を構成でき
るので、要求に応じ、より複雑な形状を部品製造段階で
形成し、その部品を組立てて所望の製品を得ることがで
きる。In addition, since aluminum die-cast products can be constructed by welding the liner members integrated into aluminum die-cast parts, more complex shapes can be formed at the part manufacturing stage according to requirements, and the parts can be assembled to create the desired shape. You can get the product.
（実施例）
以下、図面を参照して本発明の一実施例を説明する。第
１図は内燃機関用の吸気管を示す斜視図、第２図は同分
解斜視図である。第１図および第２図に示したように、
吸気管１は２つに分割されたアルミダイカスト製の部品
１１および１２から構成され、両部品は溶接によって組
立てられている。(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an intake pipe for an internal combustion engine, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the same. As shown in Figures 1 and 2,
The intake pipe 1 is composed of two divided aluminum die-cast parts 11 and 12, and both parts are assembled by welding.
両部品１１．１２の接合面にはアルミニウムの展伸材か
らなるライナ部材１１ａ、１２ａが設けられており、該
ライナ部材１１ａと１２ａとを溶接することによって両
部品１１．１２が一体化された吸気管１が作られている
。Liner members 11a and 12a made of wrought aluminum are provided on the joining surfaces of both parts 11.12, and both parts 11.12 are integrated by welding the liner members 11a and 12a. An intake pipe 1 is made.
吸気管１の内部壁面には、吸気管１内を通過する空気に
所望の回転を与えて燃焼効率をあげるためのスワールｌ
ｌｂ、１２ｂが形成されている。A swirl l is provided on the inner wall surface of the intake pipe 1 to give a desired rotation to the air passing through the intake pipe 1 and increase combustion efficiency.
lb and 12b are formed.
次に、前記吸気管１の製作方法を図面を参照して説明す
る。第３図は吸気管１の要部を示す分解斜視図、第４図
は、第３図中の円で示した部分を示す拡大断面図である
。Next, a method for manufacturing the intake pipe 1 will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing essential parts of the intake pipe 1, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing the portion indicated by a circle in FIG.
吸気管１の製作にあたっては、まず、第３図および第４
図に示したような部品１１．１２をアルミダイカストに
よりてそれぞれ鋳造する。この鋳造に際しては、次工程
で溶接される２つの部品１１．１２の接合面となる部位
に位置されるように、アルミニウムの展伸材からなるラ
イナ部材１１ａ、１２ａを、ダイカストの型にそれぞれ
配置する。そして、該型の中に部品本体を構成するアル
ミニウムを鋳込む。When manufacturing the intake pipe 1, first refer to Figures 3 and 4.
Parts 11 and 12 as shown in the figure are each cast by aluminum die casting. During this casting, liner members 11a and 12a made of wrought aluminum are placed in die-casting molds so that they are located at the joint surfaces of the two parts 11 and 12 to be welded in the next step. do. Then, aluminum constituting the main body of the part is cast into the mold.
このように、ライナ部材１１ａ、１２ａを型の中に配置
して部品本体を鋳込むことにより、部品本体と各ライナ
部材１１ａ、１２ａとはそれぞれ一体化された部品とな
る。ライナ部材１１ａ。In this way, by arranging the liner members 11a, 12a in the mold and casting the component body, the component body and each liner member 11a, 12a become an integrated component. Liner member 11a.
１２ａと一体化された該部品１１．１２を次工程で溶接
する。The part 11.12 integrated with 12a is welded in the next step.
溶接に際しては、第５図に示したように、部品１１．１
２の接合面に設けられたライナ部材１１ａ、１２ａを突
合わせ、溶接ヘッド（図示せず）を矢印２の側に配置し
て溶接する。When welding, as shown in Figure 5, the parts 11.1
The liner members 11a and 12a provided on the joining surfaces of 2 are butted against each other, and a welding head (not shown) is placed on the side of arrow 2 and welded.
なお、本実施例に示した吸気管１は矢印２の側から溶接
するだけで良いが、アルミダイカスト製品の種類、形状
に応じて、または必要な強度に応じて前記矢印２の反対
側から溶接することもできる。したがって、ライナ部材
１１ａ、１２ｂの形状も第４図に示したような断面形状
に限らず、前記製品の種類、形状、必要強度に応じて選
定される溶接方法に最も適した形状にすることができる
。Note that the intake pipe 1 shown in this embodiment only needs to be welded from the side indicated by the arrow 2, but depending on the type and shape of the aluminum die-cast product, or depending on the required strength, the intake pipe 1 may be welded from the side opposite to the arrow 2. You can also. Therefore, the shape of the liner members 11a and 12b is not limited to the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 4, but can be the shape most suitable for the welding method selected depending on the type, shape, and required strength of the product. can.
ライナ部材１１ａ、１２ａの変形例を第６図（ａ）〜（
ｅ）に示す。Modifications of the liner members 11a and 12a are shown in FIGS.
Shown in e).
以上説明したように、本実施例によれば部品の組立ては
ライナ部材同士の溶接によって行われるので、アルミダ
イカストの内部欠陥の有無および表面粗さに影響されず
良好な溶接を行える。As explained above, according to this embodiment, parts are assembled by welding the liner members together, so that good welding can be performed without being affected by the presence or absence of internal defects in the aluminum die casting and the surface roughness.
このように、アルミダイカスト製の複数部品を溶接で組
立てることができるので、複雑な製品の製作が容易であ
る。すなわち、本実施例に示した吸気管１は分割された
部品が溶接によって組立てられているので、部品製作段
階であるダイカストで複雑な形状のスワールを形成でき
る。In this way, multiple aluminum die-cast parts can be assembled by welding, making it easy to manufacture complex products. That is, since the intake pipe 1 shown in this embodiment is assembled from divided parts by welding, it is possible to form a complex-shaped swirl in die casting, which is the part manufacturing stage.
なお、本発明は、前記吸気管およびその部品ならびに製
造方法だけに限らず、アルミダイカストで分割成型され
た部品を組立てて次段階もしくは最終段階の製品を得る
段階を含む、−船釣なアルミダイカスト製品の製造方法
およびその組立方法によって製造されたアルミダイカス
ト製品ならびにその部品に適用できることはもちろんで
ある。Note that the present invention is not limited to the intake pipe, its parts, and manufacturing method, but also includes a step of assembling parts molded separately by aluminum die casting to obtain the next or final product. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to aluminum die-cast products and parts thereof manufactured by the product manufacturing method and its assembly method.
また、ライナ部材の材質はアルミニウムの展伸材に限ら
ず、アルミニウム合金等の展伸材でもよく、要は、溶接
性が良好な材質であればよい。Further, the material of the liner member is not limited to a wrought aluminum material, but may be a wrought material such as an aluminum alloy, as long as it has good weldability.
（発明の効果）
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、次の
ような効果が得られる。(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
（１）アルミダイカスト製部品の溶接性を良好にするこ
とができ、該部品を溶接する際に欠陥を発生させること
がない。(1) The weldability of aluminum die-cast parts can be improved, and defects will not occur when welding the parts.
（２）アルミダイカスト製品を分割成型し、これを溶接
できるので、複雑な形状のアルミダイカスト製品の製造
が可能になる。(2) Aluminum die-cast products can be molded in sections and then welded, making it possible to manufacture aluminum die-cast products with complex shapes.
アルミニウム製品を、鋳造時間の短いダイカストによっ
て製造するので複雑な形状の製品でも短い時間で製造で
きる。Since aluminum products are manufactured by die casting, which requires a short casting time, even products with complex shapes can be manufactured in a short time.
（３）吸気管をアルミダイカスト製にできるので、該吸
気管を使用して内燃機関の軽量化が図れ、吸気管の内面
を平滑にして、かつスワールも形成できるので、燃焼効
率も向上させられる。(3) Since the intake pipe can be made of aluminum die-casting, the weight of the internal combustion engine can be reduced by using the intake pipe, and since the inner surface of the intake pipe can be made smooth and swirl can be formed, combustion efficiency can also be improved. .
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す吸気管の斜視図、第２
図は吸気管の分解斜視図、第３図は吸気管の要部を示す
分解斜視図、第４図は吸気管の要部を示す拡大断面図、
第５図はライナ部材を付合わせた状態を示す断面図、第
６図はライナ部材の変形例を示す断面図である。Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an intake pipe showing one embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is an exploded perspective view of the intake pipe, Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the main parts of the intake pipe, and Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing the main parts of the intake pipe.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a state in which the liner members are attached together, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a modified example of the liner member.
Claims (7)
ト製部品において、 該アルミダイカスト製部品の部品本体が、該本体の、溶
接の際の接合部となる位置に挿入された溶接性の良好な
ライナ部材と一体化されるように鋳込まれたことを特徴
とするアルミダイカスト製部品。(1) In aluminum die-cast parts of products that are assembled by welding, the main body of the aluminum die-cast part is connected to a liner member with good weldability inserted into the main body at a position that will be a joint during welding. An aluminum die-cast part characterized by being cast in an integrated manner.
ニウムの展伸材であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の
アルミダイカスト製部品。(2) The aluminum die-cast component according to claim 1, wherein the liner member is aluminum or a wrought aluminum material.
管の部品であることを特徴とする請求項１または２記載
のアルミダイカスト製部品。(3) The aluminum die-cast part according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aluminum die-cast part is a part of an intake pipe of an internal combustion engine.
ルミダイカスト製部品が、そのライナ部材同士が溶接さ
れて組立てられたことを特徴とするアルミダイカスト製
品。(4) An aluminum die-cast product, characterized in that a plurality of aluminum die-cast parts according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are assembled by welding their liner members together.
よって組立てられるアルミダイカスト製品の製造方法に
おいて、 ダイカストの型の、前記溶接の際の接合部となる位置に
溶接性の良好なライナ部材を配して部品本体を鋳込み、
アルミダイカスト製部品を製造する工程と、 前記工程でライナ部材とアルミダイカスト製部品本体と
が一体化された複数のアルミダイカスト製部品を、その
ライナ部材同士を溶接して組立てる工程とよりなること
を特徴とするアルミダイカスト製品の製造方法。(5) In a method of manufacturing an aluminum die-cast product that is assembled by welding a plurality of aluminum die-cast parts, a liner member with good weldability is arranged in the die-cast mold at a position that will be the joint during the welding. Cast the main body of the part using
A process of manufacturing aluminum die-cast parts, and a process of assembling a plurality of aluminum die-cast parts in which liner members and aluminum die-cast part bodies were integrated in the above process by welding the liner members together. A manufacturing method for aluminum die-casting products.
ニウムの展伸材であることを特徴とする請求項５記載の
アルミダイカスト製品の製造方法。(6) The method for manufacturing an aluminum die-cast product according to claim 5, wherein the liner member is aluminum or a wrought aluminum material.
であることを特徴とする請求項５または６記載のアルミ
ダイカスト製品の製造方法。(7) The method for manufacturing an aluminum die-cast product according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the aluminum die-cast product is an intake pipe of an internal combustion engine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1325303A JPH03189058A (en) | 1989-12-15 | 1989-12-15 | Aluminum die casting-made parts and aluminum die casting product using this parts and manufacture of aluminum die casting product |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1325303A JPH03189058A (en) | 1989-12-15 | 1989-12-15 | Aluminum die casting-made parts and aluminum die casting product using this parts and manufacture of aluminum die casting product |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03189058A true JPH03189058A (en) | 1991-08-19 |
Family
ID=18175312
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1325303A Pending JPH03189058A (en) | 1989-12-15 | 1989-12-15 | Aluminum die casting-made parts and aluminum die casting product using this parts and manufacture of aluminum die casting product |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03189058A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5630387A (en) * | 1995-03-13 | 1997-05-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Intake manifold |
-
1989
- 1989-12-15 JP JP1325303A patent/JPH03189058A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5630387A (en) * | 1995-03-13 | 1997-05-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Intake manifold |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6321708B1 (en) | Inlet manifold | |
| JPH0143503Y2 (en) | ||
| JP3431897B2 (en) | Resin intake manifold and method of manufacturing the same | |
| JP2656723B2 (en) | Bent tubular body made of resin | |
| JPH03189058A (en) | Aluminum die casting-made parts and aluminum die casting product using this parts and manufacture of aluminum die casting product | |
| JPH0745853B2 (en) | Intake manifold and method of manufacturing the same | |
| JP2774208B2 (en) | Mold assembly for casting metal engine blocks for two-stroke engines | |
| JPS60166157A (en) | Manufacture of piston head | |
| JP3724664B2 (en) | Tubing with flange, molding method thereof and molding die | |
| JPS60119360A (en) | Intake menifold of engine | |
| JPS6357222A (en) | Manufacture of hollow body | |
| JP2696297B2 (en) | Molding method of hollow product consisting of three pieces and mold device therefor | |
| JPH0215850A (en) | Method for assembling core for casting cylinder block | |
| JPH06226400A (en) | Manufacture of draft tube | |
| JPH0673368U (en) | Synthetic resin collector | |
| JPH02137644A (en) | Core for casting cylinder block in two cycle engine | |
| JPS62237074A (en) | Intake air manifold | |
| JPH11141424A (en) | Inlet system for internal combustion engine | |
| JP2531574Y2 (en) | Fuel delivery pipe | |
| JPS58215237A (en) | Manufacture of crank shaft | |
| JPS6048624B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of aluminum alloy cylinder | |
| JPH05305679A (en) | Production of resin hollow body | |
| JPH084607A (en) | Intake manifold | |
| JPH06221148A (en) | Exhaust manifold and manufacture thereof | |
| JPH09166056A (en) | Resin intake manifold and its manufacture |