JPH0310701B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0310701B2 JPH0310701B2 JP11390485A JP11390485A JPH0310701B2 JP H0310701 B2 JPH0310701 B2 JP H0310701B2 JP 11390485 A JP11390485 A JP 11390485A JP 11390485 A JP11390485 A JP 11390485A JP H0310701 B2 JPH0310701 B2 JP H0310701B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- based cemented
- tungsten carbide
- cemented carbide
- carbide
- coated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021404 metallic carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Description
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は、すぐれた耐欠損性を有し、かつ耐
摩耗性にもすぐれ、特にフライス切削のような繰
り返し熱疲労の加わる断続切削に用いるのに適し
た表面被覆炭化タングステン（以下WCで示す）
基超硬合金製切削工具に関するものである。
〔従来の技術〕
従来、一般に、切削工具として、WC基超硬合
金基体の表面に、周期律表の4a，5a、および6a
族の金属、Al，Si、およびＢの炭化物、窒化物、
および酸化物、並びにこれらの２種以上の固溶体
からなる群のうちの１種の単層または２種以上の
複層からなる硬質被覆層を形成してなる表面被覆
WC基超硬合金製切削工具が実用に供されてい
る。
〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕
しかし、上記従来表面被覆WC基超硬合金製切
削工具においては、上記硬質被覆層が基体に比し
て硬質ではあるが、脆弱であるために、基体のみ
の場合より、はるかに低い応力で硬質被覆層には
クラツクが発生し易く、さらに上記基体の表面に
硬質被覆層を形成するに際して、表面被覆法とし
て広く用いられている化学蒸着法を適用した場
合、1000〜1100℃の温度範囲内で蒸着処理が行な
われるため、その冷却過程における基体と硬質被
覆層との熱膨張係数の違いによつて硬質被覆層に
は引張り応力が加わるようになることから、クラ
ツクが発生する場合があり、このように一旦硬質
被覆層にクラツクが発生すると、例えばこれをフ
ライス切削のような熱疲労が繰り返し加わる断続
切削に使用した場合、クラツクの先端部に切削応
力が集中するために、クラツクは急速に基体の内
部に伝幡し、ついには切刃を欠損に至らしめると
いう問題点がある。
〔問題点を解決するための手段〕
そこで、本発明者等は、上述のような観点か
ら、クラツク伝幡のない表面被覆WC基超硬合金
製切削工具を開発すべく研究を行なつた結果、表
面被覆WC基超硬合金製切削工具におけるWC基
超硬合金基体の組織を、素地中に40〜200μｍの
範囲内の所定の平均粒径を有する軟質塊状相が８
〜20容量％の割合で均一に斑点状に分布したもの
とし、かつ前記素地を、重量％で（以下％は重量
％を示す）、
Co：４〜12％、
周期律表の4a，5a、および6a族金属の炭化物
および窒化物、並びにこれらの２種以上の固溶体
（以下、これらを総称して金属の炭・窒化物とい
う）のうちの１種または２種以上：２〜30％、
を含有し、残りがWCと不可避不純物からなる組
成を有するWC基超硬合金で構成すると共に、上
記軟質塊状相を、
Co：５〜25％、
を含有し、さらに必要に応じて、
金属の炭・窒化物：0.1〜10％、
を含有し、残りが不可避不純物からなる組成を有
するWC基超硬合金で構成すると、前記表面被覆
WC基超硬合金製切削工具における硬質被覆層に
クラツクが発生しても、前記WC基超硬合金基体
の軟質塊状相によつてクラツク伝幡が阻止される
ことから、これを繰り返し熱疲労の加わるフライ
ス切削などの断続切削に用いても切刃の欠損が皆
無となり、著しく長期に亘つてすぐれた切削性能
を発揮するという知見を得たのである。
この発明は、上記知見にもとづいてなされたも
のであつて、以下にWC基超硬合金基体の素地お
よび軟質塊状相の成分組成を上記の通りに限定し
た理由を説明する。
Ａ 素地
(a) Co
Co成分には、基体の耐衝撃性を向上させる作
用があるが、その含有量が４％未満では前記作用
に所望の効果が得られず、一方12％を越えて含有
させると、基体が塑性変形を起し易くなることか
ら、その含有量を４〜12％と定めた。
(b) 金属の炭・窒化物
これらの成分には、WCと共に分散相を形成し
て基体の耐摩耗性を向上させる作用があるが、そ
の含有量が２％未満では所望の耐摩耗性を確保す
ることができず、一方その含有量が30％を越える
と基体の耐衝撃性が急激に劣化するようになるこ
とから、その含有量を２〜30％と定めた。
Ｂ 軟質塊状相
(a) Co
その含有量が５％未満では軟質塊状相に所望の
クラツク伝幡阻止作用を付与することができず、
一方その含有量が25％を越えても前記作用により
一層の向上効果が現われないことから、その含有
量を５〜25％と定めた。
(b) 金属の炭・窒化物
これらの成分には、素地とのバランスで硬さを
向上させる必要がある場合に、必要に応じて含有
されるが、その含有量が0.1％未満では所望の硬
さ向上効果が得られず、一方その含有量が10％を
越えるとクラツク伝幡阻止効果が低下するように
なることから、その含有量を0.1〜10％と定めた。
また、上記軟質塊状相に関し、その平均粒径が
40μｍ未満では所望のクラツク伝幡阻止効果が得
られず、一方その平均粒径が200μｍを越えると、
その割合との関係において、相対的に軟質塊状相
の素地中での分布がまばらになつて、同様にクラ
ツク伝幡阻止効果を十分に発揮することができな
くなることから、軟質塊状相の平均粒径を40〜
200μｍと定めたものであり、また、その割合が
８容量％未満でもクラツク伝幡阻止効果が不十分
であり、一方その割合が20容量％を越えると、基
体の耐摩耗性が低下するようになることから、そ
の割合を８〜20容量％と定めたのである。
〔実施例〕
つぎに、この発明の表面被覆WC基超硬合金製
切削工具を実施例により説明する。
まず、原料粉末として、１〜5μｍの範囲内の
平均粒径をもつた、いずれも市販のWC粉末、各
種の金属の炭・窒化物粉末、およびCo粉末を用
意し、これら原料紛末を、素地形成用および軟質
塊状相形成用として、それぞれ第１表に示される
[Industrial Field of Application] This invention provides a carbonized surface coating that has excellent fracture resistance and wear resistance, and is particularly suitable for use in interrupted cutting that is subject to repeated thermal fatigue, such as milling. Tungsten (hereinafter referred to as WC)
This invention relates to a cutting tool made of base cemented carbide. [Prior Art] Conventionally, as a cutting tool, 4a, 5a, and 6a of the periodic table are generally used on the surface of a WC-based cemented carbide substrate.
carbides, nitrides of group metals, Al, Si, and B;
A surface coating formed by forming a hard coating layer consisting of a single layer or a multilayer of two or more of the group consisting of oxides, oxides, and solid solutions of two or more thereof.
Cutting tools made of WC-based cemented carbide are in practical use. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the conventional surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool, the hard coating layer is harder than the base but is brittle, so that only the base is Cracks are more likely to occur in the hard coating layer at a much lower stress than in the case of , and when chemical vapor deposition, which is widely used as a surface coating method, is applied to form the hard coating layer on the surface of the above substrate. Since the vapor deposition process is performed within a temperature range of 1000 to 1100℃, tensile stress is applied to the hard coating layer due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the substrate and the hard coating layer during the cooling process. Once a crack occurs in the hard coating layer, for example, if it is used for interrupted cutting such as milling where thermal fatigue is repeated, cutting stress may be generated at the tip of the crack. There is a problem in that due to the concentration, the cracks rapidly propagate inside the base and eventually lead to the cutting edge becoming damaged. [Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, from the above-mentioned viewpoint, the present inventors conducted research to develop a surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool that does not propagate cracks. , the structure of the WC-based cemented carbide substrate in the surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool is determined by the structure of the WC-based cemented carbide substrate in which a soft lumpy phase having a predetermined average grain size within the range of 40 to 200 μm is present in the matrix.
Co: 4-12% Co: 4a, 5a of the periodic table and carbides and nitrides of group 6a metals, and one or more types of solid solutions of two or more of these (hereinafter collectively referred to as metal carbons and nitrides): 2 to 30%. The soft lumpy phase is composed of a WC-based cemented carbide having a composition of WC and unavoidable impurities, and the soft lumpy phase contains Co: 5 to 25%, and if necessary, metallic carbon.・Nitrides: 0.1 to 10% When composed of a WC-based cemented carbide having a composition with the remainder consisting of unavoidable impurities, the surface coating
Even if a crack occurs in the hard coating layer of a WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool, the propagation of the crack is prevented by the soft lumpy phase of the WC-based cemented carbide base, so this process is repeated to prevent thermal fatigue. They discovered that even when used in interrupted cutting such as milling, there is no chipping of the cutting edge, and it exhibits excellent cutting performance over an extremely long period of time. This invention has been made based on the above findings, and the reason why the compositions of the base material and the soft lumpy phase of the WC-based cemented carbide base are limited as described above will be explained below. A Base (a) Co The Co component has the effect of improving the impact resistance of the base, but if the content is less than 4%, the desired effect cannot be obtained, whereas if the content exceeds 12%, the desired effect cannot be obtained. Since this makes the base body more likely to undergo plastic deformation, its content was set at 4 to 12%. (b) Metallic carbon/nitride These components have the effect of forming a dispersed phase with WC to improve the wear resistance of the substrate, but if their content is less than 2%, the desired wear resistance may not be achieved. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 30%, the impact resistance of the substrate will deteriorate rapidly, so the content was set at 2 to 30%. B. Soft lumpy phase (a) Co If its content is less than 5%, it will not be possible to impart the desired crack propagation prevention effect to the soft lumpy phase,
On the other hand, even if the content exceeds 25%, no further improvement effect is obtained due to the above-mentioned action, so the content was set at 5 to 25%. (b) Metallic carbon/nitride These components are included as needed when it is necessary to improve the hardness in balance with the substrate, but if the content is less than 0.1%, the desired hardness cannot be achieved. Since the effect of improving hardness cannot be obtained, and on the other hand, if the content exceeds 10%, the effect of preventing crack propagation will decrease, so the content was set at 0.1 to 10%. In addition, regarding the above-mentioned soft lumpy phase, its average particle size is
If the particle size is less than 40 μm, the desired crack propagation prevention effect cannot be obtained, while if the average particle size exceeds 200 μm,
In relation to the ratio, the distribution of the soft lumpy phase in the matrix becomes relatively sparse, and the effect of preventing crack propagation cannot be sufficiently exerted. Diameter 40~
200μm, and if the proportion is less than 8% by volume, the effect of preventing crack propagation is insufficient, while if the proportion exceeds 20% by volume, the wear resistance of the base will decrease. Therefore, the ratio was set at 8 to 20% by volume. [Example] Next, the surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool of the present invention will be described with reference to Examples. First, commercially available WC powder, carbon/nitride powder of various metals, and Co powder, all of which have average particle diameters within the range of 1 to 5 μm, are prepared as raw material powders, and these raw material powders are For forming a matrix and for forming a soft lumpy phase, each is shown in Table 1.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
第２表に示される結果から、本発明切削工具１
〜２８は、いずれもすぐれた耐摩耗性を示し、か
つ試験後も未だ引続いての使用が可能であるのに
対して、従来切削工具１〜２８は、いずれも試験
途中で切刃に熱クラツクが原因の欠損が発生し、
使用寿命に至るものであつた。
上述のように、この発明の表面被覆WC基超硬
合金製切削工具は、WC基超硬合金の素地中
From the results shown in Table 2, the cutting tool 1 of the present invention
- 28 all show excellent wear resistance and can be used continuously even after the test, whereas conventional cutting tools 1 - 28 all have heat on the cutting edge during the test. Defects caused by cracks occur,
It had reached the end of its useful life. As mentioned above, the surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool of the present invention has a surface-coated WC-based cemented carbide.
【表】
に均一に斑点状に分布した軟質塊状相によつてク
ラツクの伝幡が阻止されるので、通常の連続切削
は勿論のこと、繰り返し熱疲労の加わるフライス
切削のような断続切削に用いても切刃に欠損が発
生することがなく、すぐれた耐摩耗性を具備する
ことと相まつて、著しく長期に亘つてすぐれた切
削性能を発揮するのである。[Table] Because the propagation of cracks is prevented by the soft lumpy phase uniformly distributed in spots, it can be used not only for normal continuous cutting, but also for interrupted cutting such as milling, which is subject to repeated thermal fatigue. It does not cause any damage to the cutting edge even when the cutting edge is cut, and together with its excellent wear resistance, it exhibits excellent cutting performance over an extremely long period of time.
Claims (1)
質被覆層を形成してなる表面被覆炭化タングステ
ン基超硬合金製切削工具において、 上記炭化タングステン基超硬合金基体を、素地
中に40〜200μｍの範囲内の所定の平均粒径を有
する軟質塊状相が８〜20容量％の割合で斑点状に
均一に分布した組織をもつものとし、かつ、上記
素地を、 Co：４〜12％、 周期律表の4a，5a、および6a族金属の炭化物
および窒化物、並びにこれらの２種以上の固溶体
のうちの１種または２種以上：２〜30％、を含有
し、残りが炭化タングステンと不可避不純物から
なる組成を有する炭化タングステン基超硬合金で
構成すると共に、上記軟質塊状相を、 Co：５〜25％、 を含有し、残りが炭化タングステンと不可避不純
物からなる組成（以上重量％）を有する炭化タン
グステン基超硬合金で構成したことを特徴とする
表面被覆炭化タングステン基超硬合金製切削工
具。 ２ 炭化タングステン基超硬合金基体の表面に硬
質被覆層を形成してなる表面被覆炭化タングステ
ン基超硬合金製切削工具において、 上記炭化タングステン基超硬合金基体を、素地
中に40〜200μｍの範囲内の所定の平均粒径を有
する軟質塊状相が８〜20容量％の割合で斑点状に
均一に分布した組織をもつものとし、かつ、上記
素地を、 Co：４〜12％、 周期律表4a，5a、および6a族金属の炭化物お
よび窒化物、並びにこれらの２種以上の固溶体の
うちの１種または２種以上：２〜30％、を含有
し、残りが炭化タングステンと不可避不純物から
なる組成を有する炭化タングステン基超硬合金で
構成すると共に、上記軟質塊状相を、 Co：５〜25％、 周期律表の4a，5a、および6a族金属の炭化物
および窒化物、並びにこれらの２種以上の固溶体
のうちの１種または２種以上：0.1〜10％を含有
し、残りが炭化タングステンと不可避不純物から
なる組成（以上重量％）を有する炭化タングステ
ン基超硬合金で構成したことを特徴とする表面被
覆炭化タングステン基超硬合金製切削工具。[Scope of Claims] 1. A surface-coated tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide cutting tool in which a hard coating layer is formed on the surface of a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide base, wherein the tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide base is coated in a base material. The base material shall have a structure in which a soft lumpy phase having a predetermined average particle size within the range of 40 to 200 μm is uniformly distributed in spots at a ratio of 8 to 20% by volume, and the above substrate shall have a structure in which Co: 4 to 200 μm. 12%, carbides and nitrides of metals from groups 4a, 5a, and 6a of the periodic table, and one or more solid solutions of these two or more types: 2 to 30%, and the remainder is It is composed of a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide having a composition consisting of tungsten carbide and unavoidable impurities, and the above-mentioned soft lumpy phase is composed of 5 to 25% Co, with the remainder consisting of tungsten carbide and unavoidable impurities. % by weight) made of a surface-coated tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide. 2. In a surface-coated tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide cutting tool formed by forming a hard coating layer on the surface of a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide base, the tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide base is coated in a range of 40 to 200 μm in the base material. Co: 4-12% Co: Periodic Table Contains carbides and nitrides of group 4a, 5a, and 6a metals, and one or more of these two or more solid solutions: 2 to 30%, with the remainder consisting of tungsten carbide and inevitable impurities. The soft lumpy phase is composed of a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide having a composition of 5% to 25% Co, carbides and nitrides of metals from groups 4a, 5a, and 6a of the periodic table, and two types thereof. It is characterized by being composed of a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide having a composition (weight %) containing one or more of the above solid solutions: 0.1 to 10%, and the remainder consisting of tungsten carbide and unavoidable impurities. A cutting tool made of surface-coated tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11390485A JPS61272343A (en) | 1985-05-27 | 1985-05-27 | Cutting tools made of surface-treated tungsten carbide-base sintered hard alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11390485A JPS61272343A (en) | 1985-05-27 | 1985-05-27 | Cutting tools made of surface-treated tungsten carbide-base sintered hard alloy |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61272343A JPS61272343A (en) | 1986-12-02 |
| JPH0310701B2 true JPH0310701B2 (en) | 1991-02-14 |
Family
ID=14624078
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11390485A Granted JPS61272343A (en) | 1985-05-27 | 1985-05-27 | Cutting tools made of surface-treated tungsten carbide-base sintered hard alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61272343A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7972409B2 (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2011-07-05 | Kyocera Corporation | Cemented carbide and cutting tool |
-
1985
- 1985-05-27 JP JP11390485A patent/JPS61272343A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61272343A (en) | 1986-12-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP3598074B2 (en) | Hard coating tool | |
| US5432132A (en) | Silicon nitride based cutting tool insert | |
| JPH02122049A (en) | Cutting tool made of surface-treated tungsten carbide-base sintered hard alloy and its production | |
| JP4028368B2 (en) | Surface coated cemented carbide cutting tool | |
| JP2004106183A (en) | Hard film coated tool and its manufacturing method | |
| JPH07300649A (en) | Hard film excellent in wear resistance and oxidation resistance and high hardness member | |
| JPH05177411A (en) | Cover cutting tool and its manufacture | |
| CN111843277A (en) | Composite electrode and related clad article | |
| JPH04300104A (en) | Surface-coated cutting tool | |
| KR20030076412A (en) | Coated cutting tool insert | |
| JPH01183310A (en) | Surface covering carbonization tungsten group cemented carbide made throw away tip for milling cutter | |
| JP3269305B2 (en) | Surface coated tungsten carbide based cemented carbide cutting tool with excellent interlayer adhesion with hard coating layer | |
| JPH0310701B2 (en) | ||
| JP3087503B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of surface-coated tungsten carbide based cemented carbide cutting tools with excellent wear and fracture resistance | |
| JPH11226805A (en) | Cutting tool made of coated cemented carbide | |
| JPS5928628B2 (en) | Surface coated cemented carbide tools | |
| JP3087504B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of surface-coated tungsten carbide based cemented carbide cutting tools with excellent wear and fracture resistance | |
| CA2112545C (en) | Article with wear resistant coating and method | |
| JP3586216B2 (en) | Hard coating tool | |
| JPH08118105A (en) | Surface-coated cemented carbide alloy cutting tool with tungsten carbide group having hard coating layer excellent in interlayer adhesion | |
| JP4284144B2 (en) | Surface coated cutting tool | |
| JP3021742B2 (en) | Surface coated cemented carbide cutting tool | |
| JP2004130514A (en) | Hard film coated tool and its manufacturing method | |
| JPS61201778A (en) | Coated sintered hard alloy | |
| JPS6343453B2 (en) |