JPH04300104A - Surface-coated cutting tool - Google Patents

Surface-coated cutting tool

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Publication number
JPH04300104A
JPH04300104A JP8973491A JP8973491A JPH04300104A JP H04300104 A JPH04300104 A JP H04300104A JP 8973491 A JP8973491 A JP 8973491A JP 8973491 A JP8973491 A JP 8973491A JP H04300104 A JPH04300104 A JP H04300104A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
coated
group
hard layer
residual stress
cutting tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP8973491A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2757581B2 (en
Inventor
Giichi Okada
義一 岡田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Materials Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Priority to JP8973491A priority Critical patent/JP2757581B2/en
Publication of JPH04300104A publication Critical patent/JPH04300104A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2757581B2 publication Critical patent/JP2757581B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prolong the service life of a tool by providing at least one hard layer, of which residual tensile and compressive stresses shows specified values in a tool, of which substrate is made of WC-group cemented carbide, etc., and on which a hard layer is coated. CONSTITUTION:Either one of a WC-group cemented carbide, a Ti(CN)-group cermet, a Si3N4-group ceramic, and a Al2O3-group ceramic is used as a substrate, and a specified hard layer is coated on the surface of the substrate to obtain a desired cutting tool. The hard layer is composed of two kinds of multiple layers of more than one or more layers of compounds of one or more of metal elements selected from 4a, 5a, and 6a group metals and Al and Si groups in a periodic table and one or more of non-metal elements selected from a group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxide, and boron. Then the hard layer is adjusted so that residual tensile and compressive stresses in the coating layer are below 9kg/mm<2> by a treatment such as sand blasting, etc.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、WC基超硬合金、T
i(CN)基サーメット、Si3 N4 系セラミック
ス、Al2 O3系セラミックスのいずれか1種を基体
とし、その表面に硬質層を被覆した切削工具に関するも
のであり、特に、被覆層と被覆層並びに被覆層と基体と
の付着力が高く、耐摩耗性に優れた表面被覆切削工具に
関するものである。
[Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to WC-based cemented carbide, T
The present invention relates to a cutting tool having a substrate made of any one of i(CN)-based cermet, Si3 N4-based ceramics, and Al2 O3-based ceramics, and whose surface is coated with a hard layer. This invention relates to a surface-coated cutting tool that has high adhesion to a substrate and has excellent wear resistance.

【0002】0002

【従来の技術】従来、WC基超硬合金を基体とし、その
表面に化学蒸着法で硬質層を被覆した切削工具が広く使
用されており、一般に化学蒸着法で被覆した硬質層は、
基体との熱膨張係数の関係より、コーティング後には熱
応力に起因する引張り残留応力が作用していることおよ
びそれによって耐欠損性が低下していることも知られて
いる。
[Prior Art] Cutting tools that have a WC-based cemented carbide as a base and have a hard layer coated on the surface by chemical vapor deposition have been widely used.Generally, the hard layer coated by chemical vapor deposition is
It is also known that tensile residual stress due to thermal stress acts after coating due to the relationship of the coefficient of thermal expansion with the substrate, and that this reduces chipping resistance.

【0003】例えば、「日本金属学会誌  第50巻 
 第3号(1986)320−327」には、WC基超
硬合金上に化学蒸着法(以下、CVD法という)で被覆
したTiNの残留応力について研究が報告されており、
この文献によるとCVD法で形成されたTiN層は、引
張り残留応力が作用しているとされている。かかる引張
り残留応力が作用している硬質層は亀裂が入りやすく、
耐欠損性が劣るために特開昭64−31972号公報に
は、CVD法による被覆焼結合金の表面にできるだけ強
い衝撃力を付与することにより、被覆層に50kg/m
m2 以上の圧縮応力を付与して強度及び耐欠損性を高
めた被覆焼結合金が開示されている。
For example, “Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals Vol. 50
No. 3 (1986) 320-327, a study was reported on the residual stress of TiN coated on WC-based cemented carbide by chemical vapor deposition (hereinafter referred to as CVD).
According to this document, tensile residual stress acts on the TiN layer formed by the CVD method. The hard layer under such tensile residual stress is prone to cracking.
Because of the poor fracture resistance, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-31972 proposes applying an impact force of 50 kg/m to the coating layer by applying as strong an impact force as possible to the surface of the coated sintered alloy using the CVD method.
A coated sintered alloy with improved strength and fracture resistance by applying a compressive stress of m2 or more is disclosed.

【0004】0004

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記従来のC
VD法による高い引張り残留応力を有する被覆焼結合金
や、さらに、被覆後に表面から強い衝撃力を加えて高い
圧縮残留応力を付与した被覆焼結合金で作製した切削工
具を、刃先に切削応力が集中する微小切削、仕上げ切削
などに使用すると、被覆層を構成している結晶粒子の脱
落による異常摩耗が生じ易く、この切削工具の寿命は短
いものとなっていた。
[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, the above conventional C
Cutting tools made with coated sintered alloys that have high tensile residual stress using the VD method, or coated sintered alloys that have been coated with high compressive residual stress by applying a strong impact force from the surface after coating, are designed to have cutting stress on the cutting edge. When used for concentrated micro-cutting, finishing cutting, etc., abnormal wear is likely to occur due to shedding of crystal particles constituting the coating layer, and the life of this cutting tool is short.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】そこで本発明者らは、か
かる課題を解決すべく種々検討した結果、被覆層の圧縮
残留応力は確かに耐欠損性の向上にはつながるものの、
高い圧縮残留応力や高い引張り残留応力は、被覆層を構
成している結晶粒子の脱落による異常摩耗を発生させ、
さらには被覆層と被覆層、あるいは被覆層と基体の付着
力を低下させており、残留応力のほとんど発生していな
い硬質層を被覆すれば、その被覆層の結晶粒子の脱落が
生じにくく、高い付着力が得られるとの知見を得たので
ある。
[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have conducted various studies to solve the problems, and have found that although compressive residual stress in the coating layer does lead to improved fracture resistance,
High compressive residual stress and high tensile residual stress cause abnormal wear due to shedding of crystal grains that make up the coating layer.
Furthermore, the adhesion between the coating layer and the coating layer or between the coating layer and the substrate is reduced, and if a hard layer is coated with almost no residual stress, the crystal grains of the coating layer will be less likely to fall off, and the They found that adhesive strength could be obtained.

【0006】この発明は、かかる知見に基づいて成され
たものであって、WC基超硬合金、Ti(CN)基サー
メット、Si3 N4 基セラミックス、及びAl2 
O3 基セラミックスのいずれか1種を基体とし、その
表面に周期律表の4a,5aおよび6a族金属、Al,
Siの群から選んだ1種または2種以上の金属元素と、
炭素、窒素、酸素およびほう素からなる群より選んだ1
種または2種以上の非金属元素の化合物の1種の単層ま
たは2種以上の多重層で構成された硬質層を被覆してな
る切削工具において、被覆層の引張り残留応力あるいは
圧縮残留応力が9kgf/mm2 以下である硬質層が
少なくとも1層被覆されている表面被覆切削工具に特徴
を有するものである。さらに、この発明の表面被覆切削
工具は、全ての被覆層の引張り残留応力あるいは圧縮残
留応力が9kgf/mm2 以下であることが一層好ま
しい。
[0006] The present invention was made based on this knowledge, and includes WC-based cemented carbide, Ti(CN)-based cermet, Si3 N4-based ceramics, and Al2-based cemented carbide.
The base is made of any one of O3-based ceramics, and the surface is coated with metals from groups 4a, 5a and 6a of the periodic table, Al,
One or more metal elements selected from the group of Si,
1 selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and boron
In a cutting tool coated with a hard layer composed of one kind of single layer or two or more kinds of multilayers of a species or a compound of two or more nonmetallic elements, the tensile residual stress or compressive residual stress of the coating layer is The present invention is characterized by a surface-coated cutting tool coated with at least one hard layer having a hardness of 9 kgf/mm2 or less. Furthermore, in the surface-coated cutting tool of the present invention, it is more preferable that all the coating layers have a tensile residual stress or a compressive residual stress of 9 kgf/mm 2 or less.

【0007】この発明のCVD法による硬質層の引張り
残留応力あるいは圧縮残留応力を9kgf/mm2 以
下にする方法として、硬質層被覆後表面から、サンドブ
ラスト法又はショットピーニング法を施す機械的処理方
法や表面にイオン照射を施す物理的処理方法等がある。
[0007] As a method of reducing the tensile residual stress or compressive residual stress of the hard layer by the CVD method of the present invention to 9 kgf/mm2 or less, a mechanical treatment method or a surface treatment method in which sandblasting or shot peening is applied to the surface after the hard layer is coated. There are physical treatment methods such as ion irradiation.

【0008】[0008]

【実施例】実施例1 市販のISO規格M20相当のWC基超硬合金製切削工
具(形状:SNMG120408)を基体とし、この基
体の表面に通常のCVD法で表1に示す単層または2種
以上の多重硬質層の被覆を行った後、上記単層または2
種以上の多重硬質層の各層のそれぞれの表面に平均粒径
0.2mmのアルミナ製ボールを約5.0kg/cm2
 の圧縮空気で所定時間衝突させるショットピーニング
を施し、表1〜4に示される残留応力を付与することに
より本発明表面被覆切削工具1〜5及び比較表面被覆切
削工具1〜5(ただし、比較表面被覆切削工具1〜2は
、ショットピーニングを施さず)を製造した。なお、上
記残留応力は、X線回折により2θ−Sin2 Ψ法を
用いて測定し、測定した各層の残留応力を表1〜4に示
した。
[Example] Example 1 A commercially available WC-based cemented carbide cutting tool (shape: SNMG120408) equivalent to ISO standard M20 was used as a base, and a single layer or two types shown in Table 1 were coated on the surface of this base using a normal CVD method. After coating the above multiple hard layers, the single layer or two layers described above are applied.
Approximately 5.0 kg/cm2 of alumina balls with an average particle size of 0.2 mm are placed on the surface of each layer of the multi-layered hard layer.
The surface-coated cutting tools 1-5 of the present invention and the comparative surface-coated cutting tools 1-5 (however, the surface-coated cutting tools 1-5 of the present invention and the comparative surface-coated cutting tools 1-5 were Coated cutting tools 1 and 2 were manufactured without shot peening. The residual stress was measured by X-ray diffraction using the 2θ-Sin2Ψ method, and the measured residual stress of each layer is shown in Tables 1 to 4.

【0009】これら本発明表面被覆切削工具1〜5及び
比較表面被覆切削工具1〜5を用いて、下記の条件で切
削テストを行ない、それらの結果を表5に示した。 (切削テスト1) 被削材:SCM440(HB 250)、切削速度:2
00m/分、 送り:0.05mm/rev、 切込み:0.3mm、 乾式、 の微小切削を行ない、逃げ面摩耗幅が0.4mmに達す
るまでの時間を測定。(切削テスト2)被削材:FC3
0(HB 160)、 切削速度:250m/分、 送り:0.1mm/rev、 切込み:0.5mm、 乾式、 の仕上げ切削を行ない、逃げ面摩耗幅が0.4mmに達
するまでの時間を測定。
Using these surface-coated cutting tools 1 to 5 of the present invention and comparative surface-coated cutting tools 1 to 5, cutting tests were conducted under the following conditions, and the results are shown in Table 5. (Cutting test 1) Work material: SCM440 (HB 250), cutting speed: 2
00m/min, Feed: 0.05mm/rev, Depth of Cut: 0.3mm, dry, micro-cutting was performed, and the time until the flank wear width reached 0.4mm was measured. (Cutting test 2) Work material: FC3
0 (HB 160), Cutting speed: 250 m/min, Feed: 0.1 mm/rev, Depth of cut: 0.5 mm, dry, finish cutting and measure the time until the flank wear width reaches 0.4 mm. .

【0010】0010

【表1】 ☆印:本発明の範囲を越えている。[Table 1] ☆: Beyond the scope of the present invention.

【0011】[0011]

【表2】 ☆印:本発明の範囲を越えている。[Table 2] ☆: Beyond the scope of the present invention.

【0012】0012

【表3】[Table 3]

【0013】[0013]

【表4】[Table 4]

【0014】[0014]

【表5】[Table 5]

【0015】実施例2 市販の工具形状:TNGN160412のTiCN基サ
ーメット、Si3 N4 基セラミックス、及びAl2
 O3 基セラミックスからなる各種工具材種を基体と
し、この基体の表面に通常のCVD法で表6〜7に示さ
れる多重硬質層の被覆を行った後、上記多重硬質層の各
層のそれぞれの表面に平均粒径0.2mmのアルミナ製
ボールを約5.0kg/cm2 の圧縮空気で所定時間
衝突させるショットピーニングを施し、表6に示される
残留応力を付与することにより本発明表面被覆切削工具
6〜8及び比較表面被覆切削工具6〜8(ただし、比較
表面被覆切削工具1〜2は、ショットピーニングを施さ
ず)を製造した。なお、上記残留応力は、実施例1と同
様にX線回折により2θ−Sin2 Ψ法を用いて測定
し、測定した各層の残留応力を表6〜7に示した。
Example 2 Commercially available tool shapes: TiCN-based cermet of TNGN160412, Si3 N4-based ceramics, and Al2
Using various tool materials made of O3-based ceramics as a base, the surface of this base is coated with multiple hard layers shown in Tables 6 to 7 by a normal CVD method, and then the respective surfaces of each layer of the multiple hard layers are coated. The surface-coated cutting tool 6 of the present invention was prepared by subjecting the surface-coated cutting tool 6 of the present invention to alumina balls having an average particle diameter of 0.2 mm and bombarding the surface with compressed air of approximately 5.0 kg/cm2 for a predetermined period of time to impart residual stresses shown in Table 6. - 8 and comparative surface-coated cutting tools 6-8 (however, comparative surface-coated cutting tools 1-2 were not subjected to shot peening). The residual stress was measured by X-ray diffraction using the 2θ-Sin2Ψ method in the same manner as in Example 1, and the measured residual stress of each layer is shown in Tables 6 and 7.

【0016】これら本発明表面被覆切削工具6〜8及び
比較表面被覆切削工具6〜8を用いて、下記の条件で切
削テストを行ない、それらの結果を表8に示した。 (切削テスト3) 被削材:SNCM439  (HB 310)切削速度
:230m/分 送り:0.05mm/rev 切込み:0.3mm 乾式 の微小切削を行なった。逃げ面磨耗幅が0.2mmに達
するまでの時間を測定。
Using these surface-coated cutting tools 6 to 8 of the present invention and comparative surface-coated cutting tools 6 to 8, cutting tests were conducted under the following conditions, and the results are shown in Table 8. (Cutting test 3) Work material: SNCM439 (HB 310) Cutting speed: 230 m/min Feed: 0.05 mm/rev Depth of cut: 0.3 mm Dry micro-cutting was performed. Measure the time until the flank wear width reaches 0.2mm.

【0017】[0017]

【表6】 ☆印:本発明の範囲を越えている。[Table 6] ☆: Beyond the scope of the present invention.

【0018】[0018]

【表7】[Table 7]

【0019】[0019]

【表8】[Table 8]

【0020】[0020]

【発明の効果】上記実施例1および2の結果から明らか
なように、WC基超硬合金、Ti(CN)基サーメット
、Si3 N4 基セラミックス、及びAl2 O3 
基セラミックスのいずれか1種を基体とし、その表面に
周期律表の4a,5aおよび6a族金属、Al,Siの
群から選んだ1種または2種以上の金属元素と、炭素、
窒素、酸素およびほう素からなる群より選んだ1種また
は2種以上の非金属元素の化合物の1種の単層または2
種以上の多重層で構成された硬質層を被覆してなる切削
工具において、被覆層の引張り残留応力あるいは圧縮残
留応力が9kgf/mm2 以下である硬質層が少なく
とも1層被覆されている表面被覆切削工具は、連続切削
、とくに微小連続切削における耐逃げ面摩耗性に優れて
いることが分かる。
Effects of the Invention As is clear from the results of Examples 1 and 2 above, WC-based cemented carbide, Ti(CN)-based cermet, Si3 N4-based ceramics, and Al2 O3
Any one of the base ceramics is used as a base, and on the surface thereof, one or more metal elements selected from the group of group 4a, 5a and 6a metals of the periodic table, Al, and Si, carbon,
A single layer or two of a compound of one or more nonmetallic elements selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and boron.
In a cutting tool coated with a hard layer composed of multiple layers of different types, the surface-coated cutting tool is coated with at least one hard layer whose tensile residual stress or compressive residual stress of the coating layer is 9 kgf/mm2 or less. It can be seen that the tool has excellent flank wear resistance in continuous cutting, especially in micro-continuous cutting.

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】  WC基超硬合金、Ti(CN)基サー
メット、Si3 N4 基セラミックス、及びAl2 
O3 基セラミックスのいずれか1種を基体とし、その
表面に周期律表の4a,5aおよび6a族金属、Al,
Siの群から選んだ1種または2種以上の金属元素と、
炭素、窒素、酸素およびほう素からなる群より選んだ1
種または2種以上の非金属元素の化合物の1種の単層ま
たは2種以上の多重層で構成された硬質層を被覆してな
る切削工具において、被覆層の引張り残留応力あるいは
圧縮残留応力が9kgf/mm2 以下である硬質層が
少なくとも1層被覆されていることを特徴とする表面被
覆切削工具。
[Claim 1] WC-based cemented carbide, Ti(CN)-based cermet, Si3 N4-based ceramics, and Al2
The base is made of any one of O3-based ceramics, and the surface is coated with metals from groups 4a, 5a and 6a of the periodic table, Al,
one or more metal elements selected from the group of Si;
1 selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and boron
In a cutting tool coated with a hard layer composed of one type of single layer or two or more types of multilayers of a species or a compound of two or more nonmetallic elements, the tensile residual stress or compressive residual stress of the coating layer is A surface-coated cutting tool characterized by being coated with at least one hard layer having a hardness of 9 kgf/mm2 or less.
【請求項2】  請求項1記載の表面被覆切削工具にお
いて、全ての被覆層の引張り残留応力あるいは圧縮残留
応力が9kgf/mm2 以下であることを特徴とする
表面被覆切削工具。 【0001】
2. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the tensile residual stress or compressive residual stress of all the coating layers is 9 kgf/mm 2 or less. 0001
JP8973491A 1991-03-28 1991-03-28 Surface coated cutting tool Expired - Lifetime JP2757581B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8973491A JP2757581B2 (en) 1991-03-28 1991-03-28 Surface coated cutting tool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8973491A JP2757581B2 (en) 1991-03-28 1991-03-28 Surface coated cutting tool

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH04300104A true JPH04300104A (en) 1992-10-23
JP2757581B2 JP2757581B2 (en) 1998-05-25

Family

ID=13978997

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP8973491A Expired - Lifetime JP2757581B2 (en) 1991-03-28 1991-03-28 Surface coated cutting tool

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2757581B2 (en)

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US6688817B2 (en) 1999-02-11 2004-02-10 Kennametal Inc. Drill for drilling, a method for making a drill for drilling, and a cutting tool
WO2007082498A1 (en) * 2006-01-17 2007-07-26 Kennametal Widia Produktions Gmbh & Co. Kg Method of coating a cemented carbide or cermet substrate body and coated cemented carbide or cermet body
JP2008105148A (en) * 2006-10-26 2008-05-08 Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp Cutting edge exchangeable cutting tip
WO2009051046A1 (en) 2007-10-15 2009-04-23 Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. Edge replacement-type cutting chip
US7838132B2 (en) 2004-09-10 2010-11-23 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab PVD-coated cutting tool insert
US8318293B2 (en) 2005-06-17 2012-11-27 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Coated cutting tool insert
WO2013099752A1 (en) * 2011-12-26 2013-07-04 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Surface-coated cutting tool with hard coating that exhibits excellent chipping resistance and abrasion resistance
WO2020067138A1 (en) 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Surface coated tin-based cermet cutting tool having hard coating layer exhibiting excellent chipping resistance

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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