JPH023428B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH023428B2 JPH023428B2 JP16346681A JP16346681A JPH023428B2 JP H023428 B2 JPH023428 B2 JP H023428B2 JP 16346681 A JP16346681 A JP 16346681A JP 16346681 A JP16346681 A JP 16346681A JP H023428 B2 JPH023428 B2 JP H023428B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polyester
- film
- particles
- polyethylene terephthalate
- slipperiness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- -1 Polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 49
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 37
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl terephthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1 WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- BXGYYDRIMBPOMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethoxy)ethoxymethanol Chemical compound OCOCCOCO BXGYYDRIMBPOMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001479 atomic absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YLFBFPXKTIQSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CO[P+](=O)OC YLFBFPXKTIQSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXDOANYFRLHSML-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxyphosphorylbenzene Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 OXDOANYFRLHSML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L dioxido-oxo-phenyl-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960002337 magnesium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071125 manganese acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
æ¬çºæã¯ã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒãã€ã«ã çšããªãšãã¬ã³
ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãã«é¢ãããã®ã§ããã
ããã«è©³ããã¯é»æ°ç¹æ§ãæ»ãæ§ãæ¹è¯ããã
ã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒãã€ã«ã çšããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬
ãŒãã«é¢ãããã®ã§ããã
ããªãšã¹ãã«ãç¹ã«ããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒ
ãäºè»žå»¶äŒžãã€ã«ã ã¯åªããç©ççãååŠçæ§è³ª
ããã³é»æ°çæ§è³ªã瀺ããåççšãéå±èžççšã
å
è£
é貚çšãé»æ°çµ¶çžçšãèªå°äœçšãç£æ°ããŒã
çšãç²çããŒãçšãšããŠå€çšãããŠããããšã¯ã
ãç¥ãããŠããã
ãããåçš®çšéã®ãã¡ã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒã®èªå°äœãš
ããŠäœ¿çšãããã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒãã€ã«ã ã¯è¿å¹Žé»å
æ©åšã®è¶
å°ååãããããããããŠããäžã§5ÎŒ
以äžã®æ¥µèç©ãããã«ã¯2Ό以äžã®è¶
極èç©ã³ã³
ãã³ãµãŒãã€ã«ã ã®èŠæ±ã匷ããªã€ãŠæ¥ãŠããã
ããããé»åæ©åšã®å°ååãšããã«ãšããªãã
ã€ã«ã ã®æ¥µèåã¯ããã€ã«ã ã®é»æ°ç¹æ§ããã³ã
ã€ã«ã åæ±ãæã®äœæ¥æ§ã«çš®ã
ã®åé¡ãåŒãèµ·ã
ããŠããã
ããšãã°ãã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒããªãšã¹ãã«ãã€ã«ã
ã¯ä»ã®ãã©ã¹ããã¯ã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒãã€ã«ã ãšåæ§
ã«é»æ¥µç®ãšéãåãããŠå·»ã蟌ãç®å·»ãã³ã³ãã³
ãµãŒã¿ã€ãã®ãã®ãšãé»æ¥µãèžçããŠããéå±ç©
å±€ãã€ã«ã ãå·»ã蟌ãèžçã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒã¿ã€ãã®
ãã®ãšãããããããããŒã«å·»ããçŽ åå·»ããªã©
ã®è£œé å 工工çšãå¿
èŠã§ãããã該工çšã«ããã
äœæ¥æ§ã®åé¡ç¹ã¯ãã€ã«ã ã®æ»ãäžè¯ã«èµ·å ããŠ
ããããã®åé¡ã解æ¶ããããã«ã¯ãã€ã«ã ã®æ»
ãæ§ãè¯å¥œãªããšãå¿
é ã§ããã
äžæ¹ãã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒãã€ã«ã ã®é»æ°ç¹æ§ãšããŠ
ã¯åžžæž©ãã150âã®å®è³ªçã«é»æ°æ©åšãäžæãã
枩床ç¯å²ã§äœç©åºææµæã絶çžç Žå£é»å§ãé«ãä¿
æãããŠããããšãå¿
èŠã§ããã
åŸæ¥ããããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãã®é»æ°ç¹
æ§ãæ¹è¯ããæ¹æ³ãšããŠç¹å
¬æ35â5395å·å
¬å ±ã
ç¹å
¬æ41â4600å·å
¬å ±ãªã©å皮ååç©ãæ·»å ã
ãæ¹æ³ãäžè¬ã«ç¥ãããŠãããããããããã®æ¹
æ³ã§åŸããã€ã«ã ã¯ããçšåºŠé»æ°ç¹æ§ãæ¹è¯ãã
ããã®ã®ãæ»ãæ§ãèããäœäžãããããããŒã«
å·»ãå å·¥ãçŽ åå·»ãå å·¥ãå°é£ã«ãªãæ¬ ç¹ãã
ãã
äžæ¹ããã€ã«ã ã®å å·¥æ§ãåäžãããã«ã¯ãã€
ã«ã è¡šé¢ã«å¹åžãäžããã€ã«ã åå¿ã®ããããã³
ã°ãé²æ¢ããå¿
èŠãããããã®ããã«ããšãã°ç
é
žã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãç¡«é
žããªãŠã ãçé
žãªããŠã ãé
ž
åãã¿ã³ãã«ãªãªã³ãã¿ã«ã¯ãé
žåã±ã€çŽ ãªã©ã®
ç²åãããªãšã¹ãã«äžã«æ·»å ãããªã©ã®æ¹æ³ãç¥
ãããŠããã
ããããªãããåã«åèšã®ãããªç²åãããªãš
ã¹ãã«äžã«æ·»å ãããã€ã«ã ã¯é»æ°ç¹æ§ãç¹ã«çµ¶
çžç Žå£é»å§ãèããäœäžãããããã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒ
ãã€ã«ã ãšããŠã®å®çšæ§ã¯å°ããã
ãŸããããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãã®é»æ°ç¹æ§
ãšæ»ãæ§ã®æ¹è¯ãç®çãšããŠç¹éæ55â21157å·
å
¬å ±ãç¥ãããŠãããããã¯Caååç©ã®ååšäž
ã§ããªãšã¹ãã«ã®ãšã¹ãã«äº€æåå¿ãè¡ãªãã
Caååç©ã«å¯ŸããŠïŒãïŒåã¢ã«ã®ïŒ°ååç©ãæ·»
å ãããã€ç¹å®ã®äžæŽ»æ§ç²åãæ·»å ããŠãªãããª
ãšã¹ãã«ãã€ã«ã ã§ãããããããã®ãã€ã«ã
ã¯ãäžæŽ»æ§ç²åãæ·»å ããªãå Žåããªãšã¹ãã«äž
ã«Caååç©ã«èµ·å ãããã€ã«ã ã®æ»ãæ§ã«å¯äž
ããç²åã®çºçãå°ãªãããŸãæ»ãæ§ãæ¹è¯ãã
ããäžæŽ»æ§ç²åãæ·»å ããŠãããšååãªé»æ°ç¹æ§
ãåŸããã«ããæ¬ ç¹ãããã
ãããã€ãŠãããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒããã€
ã«ã ãã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒçšéã«é©çšã§ããããã«ãã
ããã«ã¯é»æ°ç¹æ§ãšæ»ãæ§ãåæã«æºè¶³ãããªã
ãã°ãªããªãããã®ããã«ã¯é»æ°ç¹æ§ãè¯å¥œãšãª
ãããã€æ»ãæ§ãçºçŸããæ¹æ³ãèŠãåºãããšã
極ããŠéèŠãšãªãã®ã§ããã
æ¬çºæè
ãã¯çµ¶çžç Žå£é»å§ãªã©ã®é»æ°ç¹æ§ãšæ»
ãæ§ãå
Œåããã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒçšããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬
ãã¿ã¬ãŒããã€ã«ã ã«ã€ããŠæ€èšããæ¬çºæã«å°
éããã®ã§ããã
ããªãã¡ãæ¬çºæã¯CaãMgãMnå
çŽ ãæã
ãå°ãªããšãäžçš®ã®ååç©ãšïŒ°å
çŽ ãæããå°ãª
ããšãäžçš®ã®ååç©ãäžèšå²åã§å«æãã溶液ã
ã€ãºãïŒã15ïŒ
ã§ããããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒ
ãã«ãå¹³åç²ååŸã0.5ã4ÎŒã®ã±ã€çŽ å«æäžæŽ»æ§
ç¡æ©ç²åãé
åããããŠæº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºã20ïŒ
以äžãš
ããã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒãã€ã«ã çšããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ã
ã¿ã¬ãŒãã§ããã
1.1âŠïŒïŒïŒ°âŠ1.4
ïŒïŒïŒããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãäžã®Caã
MgãMnå
çŽ ã®ã¢ã«æ°
ïŒããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãäžã®ïœå
çŽ ã®ã¢
ã«æ°ïŒ
æ¬çºæã®äž»æåã¯ããã¬ãã¿ã«é
žãäž»ãšãããž
ã«ã«ãã³é
žãŸãã¯ãã®ã¢ã«ãã«ãšã¹ãã«ãç¹ã«äœ
çŽã¢ã«ãã«ãšã¹ãã«ã§ãããããã®äžéšã10ã¢ã«
ïŒ
以äžã®ç¯å²ã§ãã¿ã«é
žãã€ãœãã¿ã«é
žãïŒâã
ããªãŠã ã¹ã«ãã€ãœãã¿ã«é
žãããã¿ãªã³ãžã«ã«
ãã³é
žãã¢ãžãã³é
žãã»ãã·ã³é
žããã³ãããã®
ãšã¹ãã«åœ¢ææ§èªå°äœã§çœ®ãæããããšãã§ã
ãã
ãŸããã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¯ãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãäž»ãš
ããããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ä»¥å€ã®ä»ã®ãžãªãã·å
åç©ãããšãã°ãããã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãããªã¡ã
ã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãããªãã³ãã«ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãïŒïŒ
ïŒâã·ã¯ããããµã³ãžã¡ã¿ããŒã«ããã¹ããšããŒ
ã«ïŒ¡ãããªãªãã·ãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãªã©ã䜿çš
ããããšãã§ããã
ãŸããããªã¡ãªããé
žãããã¡ãªããé
žãã°ãª
ã»ãªã³ãªã©ã®å€å®èœååç©ãçæããããªãšã¹ã
ã«ã補èã§ããç¯å²ã§æ·»å ããŠãè¯ãã
ãããããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãã補é ãã
ã«ããããéçž®åã«äœ¿çšããã代衚çãªè§Šåªã¯
TiãGeãSbãªã©ã®éå±ååç©ãæããããšãã§
ããã
æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšããCaãMgãMnå
çŽ ãå«ãå
åç©ã®å
·äœäŸãšããŠã¯ãé
¢é
žã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãå¡©åã
ã°ãã·ãŠã ãé
¢é
žãã°ãã·ãŠã ãå¡©åãã³ã¬ã³ã
é
¢é
žãã³ã¬ã³ãªã©ãæããããšãã§ããããããª
ãšã¹ãã«ã補é ããéã®ãšã¹ãã«äº€æ觊åªãšããŠ
䜿çšããããšã奜ãŸããã
ãŸããæ¬çºæã«ãããå
çŽ ãå«ãååç©ãš
ã¯ããªã³é
žãäºãªã³é
žããªã³é
žã®ã¢ãããžããã
ã¯ããªãšã¹ãã«ïŒã¡ãã«ã¢ã·ãããã¹ããšãŒãã
ããªããšãã«ãã¹ããšãŒããããªã¡ãã«ãã¹ããš
ãŒãããšãã«ã¢ã·ãããã¹ããšãŒããªã©ïŒããã
ã¯ãã¹ãã³é
žããã¹ãããŒãïŒããšãã«ãã¹ãã
ãŒãããžã¡ãã«ãã¹ãããŒããªã©ïŒãªã©ã®ååç©
ãæããããšãã§ããã
ãããååç©ã¯ããªãšã¹ãã«äžã«æ·»å ãã
CaãMgãMnå
çŽ ãå«ãååç©ã®ããªãšã¹ãã«
äžã®æ®åéã«å¯ŸããŠãäžèšã®åŒãæºè¶³ããããã«
å«æããããå¿
èŠãããã奜ãŸããã¯1.1âŠïŒïŒ
âŠ1.3ã§ããã
1.1âŠïŒïŒïŒ°âŠ1.4
ïŒïŒïŒããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãäžã®Caã
MgãMnå
çŽ ã®ã¢ã«æ°
ïŒããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãäžã®ïœå
çŽ ã®ã¢
ã«æ°ïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒ°ã1.1æªæºã§ã¯éçž®åé床ãäœäžããŠé«
éå床ã®ããªãšã¹ãã«ãåŸãããšãå°é£ã«ãªãã»
ããããªãšã¹ãã«ã®è»åç¹ãäœäžãããããã€ã«
ã 補èé床ãäœäžãããªã©ã®æ¬ ç¹ãæããã
äžæ¹ãïŒïŒïŒ°ã1.4ãè¶ãããšåŸãããããªãš
ã¹ãã«ãã€ã«ã ã®é»æ°ç¹æ§ãªã©ã®æ¹åãéæã§ã
ãªãã
ãŸããäžèšæ¬çºæã®åºè³ªãšãªãããªãšã¹ãã«ã®
溶液ãã€ãºã¯ïŒã15ïŒ
ã§å¥œãŸããã¯ïŒã10ïŒ
ã§ã
ãã
æ¬çºæã§ãã溶液ãã€ãºãšã¯ããªãšã¹ãã«1.0
ïœãããšããŒã«ïŒããã©ã¯ãã«ãšã¿ã³ïŒïŒïŒïŒé
éæ¯ã®æ··å溶åª20c.c.ã«æº¶è§£ããã®ã¡ããã€ãºã¡ãŒ
ã¿ãŒã«ãããŠ20mmç³è±ã¬ã©ã¹ã»ã«ã§ãã€ãºïŒæ¿
床ïŒã枬å®ããå€ã§ããããã®æº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºã¯ããª
ãšã¹ãã«äžã«æ·»å ããéå±ååç©ããã³ïŒ°ååç©
ãããã¯ããªãšã¹ãã«ãªãªãŽããšã®åå¿ã«ãã€ãŠ
çæããååç©ãããªãã¡ç²åïŒå
éšç²åãšã
ãïŒã®éãå€å®ããå€ãšããŠäœ¿çšããŠããããã
ã§ã溶液ãã€ãºã®å€ã倧ããã»ã©å
éšç²åãããª
ãšã¹ãã«äžã«å€éã«çæããŠããããŸããéã«å°
ããã»ã©ããªãšã¹ãã«äžã®å
éšç²åãå°ãªãåŸå
ã«ããã
ãã®æº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºãïŒïŒ
æªæºã§ãããšããªãšã¹ã
ã«äžã®å
éšç²åãå°ãªããåŸè¿°ããããã«ä»ã®ç¡
æ©ååç©ç²åãæ·»å ããå Žåã§ããã€ã«ã ã®æ»ã
æ§ãšé»æ°ç¹æ§ããšãã«æºè¶³ããããšã¯ã§ããªãã
äžæ¹ã15ïŒ
ãè¶ãããšããªãšã¹ãã«äžã®å
éšç²
åãå€éã§ããããããã€ã«ã ã®æ»ãæ§ã¯ããè¯
奜ã«ãªããããã¯ãé»æ°ç¹æ§ãšã®ãã©ã³ã¹ããšã
ãªãã
ãŸããäžèšæº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºã¯åè¿°ããïŒïŒïŒ°ãšçžé¢
ããããïŒïŒïŒ°ã倧ããã»ã©æº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºã®å€ã¯å€§
ãããïŒïŒïŒ°ãå°ããã»ã©æº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºã®å€ãå°ã
ããªãã
æ¬çºæã¯ãåè¿°ããåºè³ªãšãªãããªãšã¹ãã«ã«
å¹³åç²ååŸ0.5ã4ÎŒã®ã±ã€çŽ ãå«ãäžæŽ»æ§ç¡æ©ç²
åãå°ãªããšãäžçš®é
åããããšãå¿
é ãšããã
ã€åŸãããæ¬çºæã®ããªãšã¹ãã«ã®æº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºã¯
20ïŒ
ãè¶ããªãç¯å²ãšããå¿
èŠãããã
ãŸããã±ã€çŽ ãå«ãäžæŽ»æ§ç¡æ©ç²åã«ãã溶液
ãã€ãºã®äžæåã¯åŸããããã€ã«ã ã®ç Žå£é»å§ã®
ç¹ã§10ïŒ
ã奜ãŸãããããã«å¥œãŸããã¯ïŒïŒ
ã«ãš
ã©ããŠããããšãæãŸããã
å¹³åç²ååŸ0.5ã4ÎŒã®ç²åãšã¯ããªãšã¹ãã«è£œ
é åå¿ãé»å®³ããªããã®ã§ãããå
·äœçã«ã¯ã±ã€
é
žã¢ã«ãããé
žåã±ã€çŽ ãã«ãªãªã³ãã¿ã«ã¯ãªã©
ã®å«ã±ã€çŽ ååç©ãæããããšãã§ããã
ãªããå¿
èŠã«å¿ããŠä»ã®äžæŽ»æ§ç¡æ©ç²åãããš
ãã°çé
žã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãçé
žãªããŠã ãç¡«é
žããªãŠ
ã ãé
žåãã¿ã³ãé
žåã¢ã«ãããŠã ãé
žåãã°ã
ã·ãŠã ã䜵çšããŠãããã
å¹³åç²åŸ0.5ã4ÎŒã®å«ã±ã€çŽ äžæŽ»æ§ç¡æ©ç²åã¯ã
äžè¬ã«ããªãšã¹ãã«åå¿ç³»ã§çæããå
éšç²åã«
æ¯ã¹é»æ°ç¹æ§ãäœäžãããããšãå°ãªããã€ã«ã
ã®æ»ãæ§ãåäžããããå¹æãæããåé¢ãç²å
ãããªãäžã§åéãããããå±éšçã«é»æ°ç¹æ§ã
æªåãããæ¬ ç¹ããããããã¯ã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒã®ä¿¡
é Œæ§ãæãé倧ãªåé¡ã§ããã
è©²æ¬ ç¹ã¯CaãMgãMnããã³ïŒ°ååç©ã®ååš
äžã§ããã€åŸãããããªãäžã§ã®ïŒïŒïŒ°ã1.1ã
è¶ããå Žåã«æ¥µããŠåªããåæ£æ§ãåŸãããããš
ãèŠãåºã解決ããã«è³ã€ãã
ãªãã該ç²åã¯å¿
èŠã«å¿ãç²ç ãåçŽãããå¹³
åç²ååŸ0.5ã4ÎŒã®ç²åãšããŠäœ¿çšããããå¹³å
ç²ååŸã0.5ÎŒæªæºã§ã¯åŸããããã€ã«ã ã®è¡šé¢ã
å¹³æ»ãããŠãæ¬çºæãç®çãšããŠããæ»ãæ§ä»äž
ã«åœ¹ç«ããªãã
äžæ¹ãå¹³åç²ååŸã4ÎŒãè¶ãããšãããã®ç²
倧ç²åã絶çžç Žå£ã®çºçç¹ã«ãªãããã絶çžç Žå£
é»å§ç¹æ§ãèããäœäžããŠããã
ãŸãã該ç²åãæ·»å ããŠåŸãããæ¬çºæã®ããª
ãšã¹ãã«ã®æº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºã¯20ïŒ
ãè¶ããªãç¯å²ã§ã
ããããã®æº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºãåŸãããã®è©²ç²åã®æ·»å
éãšããŠã¯0.01ã0.5ééïŒ
ã奜ãŸããã
äžæ¹ã20ïŒ
ãè¶ãããšæ»ãæ§ã¯è¯å¥œã«ãªããã
ãã€ã«ã ã®é»æ°ç¹æ§ãç¹ã«çµ¶çžç Žå£é»å§ã®äœäžã
çãããã奜ãŸãããªãã
æ¬çºæã«ãã€ãŠåŸããããã€ã«ã ã®æ»ãæ§ã¯
CaãMgãMnååç©ããã³ïŒ°ååç©ãšããªãšã¹
ãã«ãªãªãŽãã«ãã€ãŠããªãšã¹ãã«äžã«çæãã
å
éšç²åïŒåŸãããããªãšã¹ãã«ã®æº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒã«ãªãïŒãšè©²ããªãšã¹ãã«ã«æ·»å ã
ãç²åã®ååšã«ãã€ãŠåœ¢æããããã€ã«ã è¡šé¢ã®
å¹åžã«ãã€ãŠæ±ºå®ãããã
ããããå
éšç²åã®ã¿ã«ããããªãšã¹ãã«ãã
ãã€ã«ã ãåŸãå Žåã¯ããã€ã«ã è¡šé¢ã®å¹åžãå°
ãªãããã«æ»ãã«ãããç¹ã«ãã€ã«ã åã¿5Ό以
äžã®æ¥µèç©ã§ã¯ãã®åŸåãèãããæ»ãæ§ãæ¹å
ããããå
éšç²åéãå¢å€§ããŠãããšå
éšç²åã®
ç²å€§åãèµ·ããããã€ã«ã ã®æ»ãæ§ã¯è¯å¥œã«ãªã
ããäžæ¹ãç²å€§ç²åã«èµ·å ããŠçµ¶çžç Žå£é»å§ç¹æ§
ã®äœäžããŸããããŸããç²åãæ·»å ããŠããªã溶
液ãã€ãºãïŒïŒ
æªæºããããã¯15ïŒ
ãè¶ããåºè³ª
ã®ããªãšã¹ãã«ã«å¹³åç²åŸ0.5ã4ÎŒã®ç²åãå«æ
ãã溶液ãã€ãºã20ïŒ
以äžã§ããæ¬çºæã®ããªãš
ã¹ãã«ãããã€ã«ã ãã€ããå Žåã«ã¯æ»ãæ§ãšé»
æ°ç¹æ§ãç¹ã«çµ¶çžç Žå£é»å§ç¹æ§ããã©ã³ã¹ããªã
ã®ã§ããã
æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããååç©ããã³ç²å
ã®æ·»å ææã¯ãšã¹ãã«åãããã¯ãšã¹ãã«äº€æå
å¿ãå®è³ªçã«çµäºããæç¹ããéçž®ååå¿åæã®
ä»»æã®éã«æ·»å ããŠããã
ããã«æ·»å ããç²åã«ã€ããŠã¯éåçµäºåŸãã
ããã¯ããªãšã¹ãã«æ圢åã«æ·»å ããŠãããããŸ
ããç²åãé«æ¿åºŠã§å«ãããªãšã¹ãã«ãäºã補é
ãããããšç²åãå«ãŸãªãããããã¯å°éå«ã¿ã
ãã€CaãMgãMnååç©ãå«ãããªãšã¹ãã«äž
ã®æ®åéãäžèšåŒãæºè¶³ããããã«ïŒ°ååç©ãæ·»
å ãã
1.1âŠïŒïŒïŒ°âŠ1.4
ïŒïŒïŒããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãäžã®Caã
MgãMnå
çŽ ã®ã¢ã«æ°
ïŒããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãäžã®ïœå
çŽ ã®ã¢
ã«æ°ïŒ
ãã€åŸãããããªãšã¹ãã«ã®æº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºãïŒã15
ïŒ
ã®è©²ããªãšã¹ãã«ããã€ã«ã æ圢åã«é©åœã«æ··
åããæ¹æ³ã奜ãŸããçšããããã
以äžãæ¬çºæãå®æœäŸã«ããããã«èª¬æãã
ããæ¬çºæã¯ä»¥äžã®å®æœäŸã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯
ãªãã
ãªããè«žç©æ§ã®æž¬å®ã¯æ¬¡ã®æ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãã
ïœïŒ å¹³åç²ååŸ
å¹³åç²ååŸã¯ç²åã®é»åé¡åŸ®é¡åçã«ãã€ãŠ
枬å®ããå
šç²åïŒ30000ã50000ã³ïŒã®50ééïŒ
ã®ç¹ã«ãããç²åã®ç䟡ççŽåŸã«ããæ±ããã
ç䟡ççŽåŸãšã¯ç²åãšåã容ç©ãæããçã®çŽ
åŸã§ããã
ïœïŒ ããªãã®åºæç²åºŠ
âã¯ããããšããŒã«ã溶åªãšã25âã§æž¬å®
ããã
ïœïŒ æ©æŠä¿æ°
æ±æŽãã¹ã¿ãŒè£œã¹ãªãããã¹ã¿ãŒãçšãã
MSTMââ1894Bæ³ã«åŸã€ãŠæž¬å®ããã
ãªãããã€ã«ã ã®æ»ãæ§ã®ç®å®ãšããŠéæ©æŠ
ä¿æ°ãçšããã
ïœïŒ 絶çžç Žå£é»å§
亀æµèå§è©ŠéšåšãçšããJISââ2318ã«æº
ããŠæž¬å®ããã
ïœ
ïŒ ãã€ã«ã ãã€ãº
ASTMââ1003â52æ³ã«æºãããã€ã«ã
ãã€ãºã枬å®ããã
ïœïŒ ããªãäžã®éå±åæ
ããªãäžã®CaãMgãMnã®å®éã¯åååžå
æ³ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ããã¯æ¯è²æ³ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ã
ãã
å®æœäŸ ïŒ
ãžã¡ãã«ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒã100éééšããšãã¬ã³
ã°ãªã³ãŒã«70éééšããã³ãšã¹ãã«äº€æ觊åªãšã
ãŠé
¢é
žCa0.09éééšãéå觊åªãšããŠäžé
žåã¢ã³
ãã¢ã³0.03éééšãå ãã140ã220âã®éã§çè«
éã®ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ãçåºããããšã¹ãã«äº€æåå¿ã
çµäºãããç¶ããŠç³»å
ã«ãžã¡ãã«ããšãã«ãã¹ã
ããŒã0.1éééšãäºãªã³é
ž0.03éééšããã³å¹³
åç²ååŸ2.4ÎŒã®SiO25ééïŒ
ã®ãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒ
ã«ã¹ã©ãªãŒã0.05éééšæ·»å ããã次ãã§ç³»å
ã
åŸã
ã«æžå§ãšããïŒmmHg以äžã®æžå§äž285âã®æž©
床ã«ããŠãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãçå»ããïŒæéã§
åå¿ãçµäºãããåŸãããããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿
ã¬ãŒãã®æ¥µéç²åºŠã¯0.607ãè»åç¹ã¯261.0âããŸ
ã溶液ãã€ãºã¯13.5ïŒ
ã§ãã€ãã
該ããªãã®ãããã90mmÏãšã¯ã¹ãã«ããŒãçš
ã溶èæŒåºãããŠæªå»¶äŒžã·ãŒããåŸãåŸãåžžæ³ã«
åŸã€ãŠçžŠå»¶äŒžåç3.2åã暪延䌞åç3.0åã§äºè»ž
延䌞ããåŸã175âã§ç±åŠçããŠåã5ÎŒã®ãã€ã«
ã ãåŸãã
該ãã€ã«ã ã®éæ©æŠä¿æ°ã¯0.52ã絶çžç Žå£é»å§
ã¯531VïŒÎŒããã€ã«ã ãã€ãºã¯14.5ïŒ
ã§ããã
æ»ãæ§ãé»æ°çæ§è³ªãšãåªããŠããã
äžæ¹ãå¹³åç²ååŸ2.4ÎŒã®SiO2ãæ·»å ããªãã§ã
äžèšåæ§ã«ãšã¹ãã«äº€æåå¿ããã³éçž®ååå¿ã
è¡ãªã€ããåŸãããããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒã
ã®æº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºã¯10.2ïŒ
ãããã³ããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬
ãã¿ã¬ãŒãäžã®éå±åæãè¡ãªã€ããšãããCa
ã230ppmãã147ppmæ€åºãããïŒïŒïŒ°ãèšç®
ãããšãã1.21ã§ãã€ãã
å®æœäŸ ïŒãïŒ
è¡šïŒã«ç€ºãåŠãçš®ã
æ¡ä»¶ã«å€æŽãã以å€ã¯å®æœ
äŸïŒãšå
šãåæ§ã«è¡ãªã€ããåŸããããã€ã«ã ã¯
è¡šïŒã«ç€ºãããã«ãããããæ»ãæ§ãé»æ°çæ§è³ª
å
±ã«æ¥µããŠè¯å¥œã§ãã€ãã
æ¯èŒå®æœäŸ ïŒãïŒ
è¡šïŒã«ç€ºãåŠãçš®ã
ã®æ¡ä»¶ã«å€æŽãã以å€ã¯å®
æœäŸïŒãšå
šãåæ§ã«ããŠè¡ãªã€ããçµæãè¡šïŒã«
瀺ããããããã®æ¡ä»¶ã«ãããŠããã€ã«ã ã®æ»ã
æ§ãé»æ°çæ§è³ªã¯å®æœäŸïŒãïŒãè¡šïŒã®çµæã«æ¯
èŒãå£ã€ãŠããã
以äžã®çµæããæ¬çºæã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ãããããª
ãšã¹ãã«ã¯åªããæ»ãæ§ããã³é»æ°ç¹æ§ãç¹ã«çµ¶
çžç Žå£é»å§ç¹æ§ãå
Œãåããã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒçšãã€
ã«ã ãåŸãããããšããããã
The present invention relates to polyethylene terephthalate for use in condenser films. More specifically, the present invention relates to polyethylene terephthalate for use in capacitor films, which has improved electrical properties and slipperiness. Polyester, especially polyethylene terephthalate biaxially oriented film, exhibits excellent physical, chemical and electrical properties and is useful for photography, metal deposition,
It is well known that it is widely used for packaging miscellaneous goods, electrical insulation, dielectrics, magnetic tapes, and adhesive tapes. Among these various uses, capacitor films used as capacitor dielectrics have become smaller than 5Ό in recent years due to the trend toward ultra-miniaturization of electronic devices.
There is a growing demand for the following ultra-thin capacitor films, and even for ultra-thin capacitor films of 2Ό or less. However, the miniaturization of electronic devices and the resulting ultra-thin films have caused various problems in the electrical properties of the films and the workability when handling the films. For example, capacitor polyester films come in two types: foil-wrapped capacitor types, in which electrode foil is rolled up and rolled up like other plastic capacitor films, and vapor-deposited capacitor types, in which a metal laminated film on which electrodes are vapor-deposited is wound. Both require manufacturing processes such as roll winding and element winding, but the problem with workability in these processes is due to poor film slippage, and in order to solve this problem, the slipperiness of the film has to be improved. Being good is essential. On the other hand, the electrical properties of a capacitor film require that its volume resistivity and dielectric breakdown voltage remain high in the temperature range from room temperature to 150°C, which is essentially the temperature range in which electrical equipment rises. As a conventional method for improving the electrical properties of polyethylene terephthalate, Japanese Patent Publication No. 35-5395,
Methods of adding various P compounds are generally known, such as in Japanese Patent Publication No. 41-4600. However, although the electrical properties of the films obtained by these methods are improved to some extent, their slipperiness is markedly reduced, making it difficult to process them into rolls or devices. On the other hand, in order to improve the processability of the film, it is necessary to create irregularities on the film surface to prevent blocking between the films. A method is known in which particles such as the following are added to polyester. However, a film in which such particles as described above are simply added to polyester has a marked decrease in electrical properties, particularly dielectric breakdown voltage, and is therefore of little practical use as a capacitor film. Furthermore, JP-A-55-21157 is known for the purpose of improving the electrical properties and slipperiness of polyethylene terephthalate. This involves transesterification of polyester in the presence of Ca compounds,
This is a polyester film in which a P compound is added in an amount of 1 to 2 times the mole of a Ca compound, and specific inert particles are added. However, when this film is not added with inert particles, there is little generation of particles that contribute to the film's slipperiness due to Ca compounds in the polyester, and it is sufficient to add inert particles to improve slipperiness. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to obtain suitable electrical characteristics. Therefore, in order for a polyethylene terephthalate film to be applicable to capacitor applications, it must satisfy both electrical properties and slipperiness. To this end, it is extremely important to find a method to improve electrical properties and exhibit slipperiness. The present inventors have studied polyethylene terephthalate films for capacitors that have both electrical properties such as dielectric breakdown voltage and slip properties, and have arrived at the present invention. That is, the present invention uses polyethylene terephthalate having a solution haze of 3 to 15% containing at least one compound containing Ca, Mg, and Mn elements and at least one compound containing P element in the following proportions and an average particle size of 0.5. This is polyethylene terephthalate for use in condenser films with a solution haze of 20% or less by blending silicon-containing inert inorganic particles of ~4 ÎŒm. 1.1âŠM/PâŠ1.4 (M: Ca in polyethylene terephthalate,
(Number of moles of Mg and Mn elements P: Number of moles of p element in polyethylene terephthalate) The main component of the present invention is a dicarboxylic acid, mainly terephthalic acid, or an alkyl ester thereof, particularly a lower alkyl ester, but some of the can be replaced by phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid and ester-forming derivatives thereof in an amount of up to 10 mol%. Glycol is mainly ethylene glycol, but other dioxy compounds other than ethylene glycol, such as propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol,
4-Cyclohexane dimethanol, bisphenol A, polyoxyethylene glycol, etc. can also be used. Further, polyesters that produce polyfunctional compounds such as trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, and glycerin may be added as long as they can form a film. Typical catalysts used for polycondensation in producing polyethylene terephthalate are:
Examples include metal compounds such as Ti, Ge, and Sb. Specific examples of compounds containing Ca, Mg, and Mn elements used in the present invention include calcium acetate, magnesium chloride, magnesium acetate, manganese chloride,
Examples include manganese acetate, but it is preferable to use it as a transesterification catalyst when producing polyester. In addition, the compound containing P element in the present invention refers to phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, mono-, di- or triester of phosphoric acid (methyl acid phosphate,
Examples include compounds such as triphenyl phosphate, trimethyl phosphate, ethyl acid phosphate, etc.), phosphonic acids, and phosphonates (phenyl phosphonate, dimethyl phosphonate, etc.). These P compounds were added to polyester.
The remaining amount of the compound containing Ca, Mg, and Mn elements in the polyester must be contained so as to satisfy the following formula, preferably 1.1âŠM/
PâŠ1.3. 1.1âŠM/PâŠ1.4 (M: Ca in polyethylene terephthalate,
Mg, Mn element mole number P: mole number of p element in polyethylene terephthalate) If M/P is less than 1.1, the polycondensation rate will decrease and it will be difficult to obtain a polyester with a high degree of polymerization, and the polyester will soften. It has drawbacks such as a decrease in the score and a decrease in the film forming speed. On the other hand, when M/P exceeds 1.4, it is impossible to improve the electrical properties of the obtained polyester film. Further, the solution haze of the polyester serving as the substrate of the present invention is 3 to 15%, preferably 5 to 10%. Solution haze as used in the present invention is polyester 1.0
This is the value obtained by measuring the haze (turbidity) in a 20 mm quartz glass cell using a haze meter after dissolving 20 c.c. of a mixed solvent of phenol/tetrachloroethane in a weight ratio of 6/4. It is used as a value for determining the amount of compounds, that is, particles (referred to as internal particles), produced by the reaction with the metal compound and P compound added therein, or the polyester oligomer. Here, the larger the solution haze value, the more internal particles are generated in the polyester. Conversely, the smaller the particle size, the fewer internal particles there are in the polyester. When the solution haze is less than 3%, there are few internal particles in the polyester, and even when other inorganic compound particles are added as described below, both the slipperiness and electrical properties of the film cannot be satisfied. On the other hand, if it exceeds 15%, the amount of internal particles in the polyester will be large, and although the slipperiness of the film will be somewhat better, it will still not be well balanced with the electrical properties. Further, the solution haze has a correlation with the above-mentioned M/P, and the larger the M/P, the larger the solution haze value, and the smaller the M/P, the smaller the solution haze value. The present invention requires that at least one kind of inert inorganic particles containing silicon with an average particle size of 0.5 to 4 ÎŒm is blended into the polyester that serves as the substrate, and the solution haze of the polyester of the present invention obtained is
It is necessary to keep it within a range not exceeding 20%. Further, the increase in solution haze due to inert inorganic particles containing silicon is preferably kept at 10%, more preferably at 5%, from the viewpoint of the breakdown voltage of the obtained film. Particles having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 4 Όm do not inhibit the polyester production reaction, and specific examples include silicon-containing compounds such as alumina silicate, silicon oxide, kaolin, and talc. Note that other inert inorganic particles such as calcium carbonate, lithium carbonate, barium sulfate, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, and magnesium oxide may be used in combination as necessary. Silicon-containing inert inorganic particles with an average particle size of 0.5 to 4Ό are
In general, compared to internal particles produced in a polyester reaction system, the electrical properties are less likely to be degraded and the film has the effect of improving the slipperiness of the film. This is a serious problem that impairs the reliability of capacitors. This drawback was solved by finding that extremely excellent dispersibility can be obtained in the presence of Ca, Mg, Mn and P compounds and when M/P in the resulting polymer exceeds 1.1. The particles are crushed and classified if necessary, and used as particles having an average particle size of 0.5 to 4 Όm. If the average particle diameter is less than 0.5 Όm, the surface of the resulting film will be too smooth and will not be useful in imparting slipperiness, which is the objective of the present invention. On the other hand, when the average particle diameter exceeds 4 Ό, these coarse particles become the point of occurrence of dielectric breakdown, resulting in a significant decrease in dielectric breakdown voltage characteristics. Further, the solution haze of the polyester of the present invention obtained by adding the particles does not exceed 20%, but the amount of the particles added to obtain the solution haze is preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by weight. On the other hand, when it exceeds 20%, the slipperiness becomes good, but
This is undesirable because it lowers the electrical properties of the film, especially the dielectric breakdown voltage. The slipperiness of the film obtained by the present invention is
A film formed by the presence of internal particles generated in polyester by Ca, Mg, Mn compounds and P compounds and polyester oligomer (solution haze of the resulting polyester is a parameter) and particles added to the polyester. Determined by surface roughness. However, when a film is obtained from polyester consisting only of internal particles, it is difficult to slip because the film surface has few irregularities, and this tendency is particularly noticeable in extremely thin films with a thickness of 5 Όm or less. If the amount of internal particles is increased in order to improve slipperiness, the internal particles will become coarser, and the slipperiness of the film will improve, but on the other hand, the coarse particles will lead to a decrease in dielectric breakdown voltage characteristics. In addition, a film can be made from the polyester of the present invention, which has a solution haze of less than 3% without particles added, or a solution haze of 20% or less containing particles with an average particle size of 0.5 to 4Ό to a polyester substrate having a solution haze of less than 3% or more than 15%. When manufacturing, there is an imbalance between slipperiness and electrical properties, especially dielectric breakdown voltage properties. The P compound and particles used in the present invention may be added at any time from the time when the esterification or transesterification reaction is substantially completed to the beginning of the polycondensation reaction. Further particles may be added after the polymerization is completed or before polyester molding. In addition, polyester containing a high concentration of particles is manufactured in advance, and this is combined with a polyester that does not contain particles or contains a small amount of particles.
And the P compound is added so that the residual amount in the polyester containing Ca, Mg, and Mn compounds satisfies the following formula, 1.1âŠM/PâŠ1.4 (M: Ca in polyethylene terephthalate,
The number of moles of Mg and Mn elements P: the number of moles of p element in polyethylene terephthalate) and the solution haze of the obtained polyester is 3 to 15
A method in which % of the polyester is appropriately mixed before film forming is also preferably used. EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be further explained with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The various physical properties were measured using the following methods. a) Average particle size The average particle size is 50% by weight of the total particles (30,000 to 50,000 particles) measured by electron micrograph of the particles.
It was determined by the equivalent spherical diameter of the particle corresponding to the point.
The equivalent spherical diameter is the diameter of a sphere with the same volume as the particle. b) Intrinsic viscosity of polymer Measured at 25°C using O-chlorophenol as a solvent. c) Coefficient of friction Using a slip tester manufactured by Toyo Tester,
Measured according to MSTM-D-1894B method. Note that the coefficient of static friction was used as a measure of the slipperiness of the film. d) Dielectric breakdown voltage Measured according to JIS-C-2318 using an AC withstand voltage tester. e) Film haze Film haze was measured according to ASTM-D-1003-52 method. f) Analysis of metals in polymer Ca, Mg, and Mn in the polymer were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, and P was determined by colorimetry. Example 1 100 parts by weight of dimethyl terephthalate, 70 parts by weight of ethylene glycol, 0.09 parts by weight of Ca acetate as a transesterification catalyst, and 0.03 parts by weight of antimony trioxide as a polymerization catalyst were added, and a theoretical amount of methanol was added at a temperature between 140 and 220°C. The transesterification reaction was completed by distillation. Subsequently, 0.1 part by weight of dimethylphenylphosphonate, 0.03 part by weight of phosphorous acid, and 0.05 part by weight of an ethylene glycol slurry containing 5% by weight of SiO 2 having an average particle size of 2.4 ÎŒm were added to the system. Next, the pressure in the system was gradually reduced to a temperature of 285° C. under a reduced pressure of 1 mmHg or less to distill off ethylene glycol, and the reaction was completed in 4 hours. The obtained polyethylene terephthalate had an intrinsic viscosity of 0.607, a softening point of 261.0°C, and a solution haze of 13.5%. The chips of the polymer were melt-extruded using a 90 mmÏ extruder to obtain an unstretched sheet, and then biaxially stretched at a longitudinal stretch ratio of 3.2 times and a transverse stretch ratio of 3.0 times according to a conventional method, and then heat treated at 175°C. A film with a thickness of 5 ÎŒm was obtained. The film has a static friction coefficient of 0.52, a dielectric breakdown voltage of 531V/ÎŒ, and a film haze of 14.5%.
It has excellent slip properties and electrical properties. On the other hand, without adding SiO 2 with an average particle size of 2.4Ό,
Transesterification and polycondensation reactions were carried out in the same manner as above. The solution haze of the obtained polyethylene terephthalate was 10.2%, and metal analysis in the polyethylene terephthalate revealed that Ca
was detected at 230 ppm and 147 ppm, and the M/P was calculated to be 1.21. Examples 2 to 4 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that various conditions were changed as shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, the obtained films had extremely good slipperiness and electrical properties. Comparative Examples 1 to 8 Comparative Examples 1 to 8 were carried out in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that various conditions were changed as shown in Table 2. The results are shown in Table 2. Under any conditions, the film's slipperiness and electrical properties were inferior to those of Examples 1 to 4 and the results shown in Table 1. From the above results, it is clear that the polyester produced according to the present invention can provide a film for capacitors that has excellent slip properties and electrical properties, especially dielectric breakdown voltage properties.
ãè¡šããtableã
ãè¡šããtableã
ãè¡šããtableã
Claims (1)
ã®ååç©ãšïŒ°å çŽ ãæããå°ãªããšãäžçš®ã®åå
ç©ãäžèšå²åã§å«æãã溶液ãã€ãºãïŒã15ïŒ ã§
ããããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãã«ãå¹³åç²ååŸ
ã0.5ã4ÎŒã®ã±ã€çŽ å«æäžæŽ»æ§ç¡æ©ç²åãé åã
ãããŠæº¶æ¶²ãã€ãºã20ïŒ ä»¥äžãšããã³ã³ãã³ãµãŒ
ãã€ã«ã çšããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãã 1.1âŠïŒïŒïŒ°âŠ1.4 ïŒïŒïŒããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãäžã®Caã
MgãMnå çŽ ã®ã¢ã«æ° ïŒããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ãã¿ã¬ãŒãäžã®ïœå çŽ ã®ã¢
ã«æ°ïŒ[Scope of Claims] 1 Polyethylene terephthalate having a solution haze of 3 to 15% containing at least one compound containing Ca, Mg, and Mn elements and at least one compound containing P element in the following proportions, with an average particle size Polyethylene terephthalate for condenser films with a solution haze of 20% or less by blending silicon-containing inert inorganic particles with a particle diameter of 0.5 to 4ÎŒ. 1.1âŠM/PâŠ1.4 (M: Ca in polyethylene terephthalate,
Number of moles of Mg and Mn elements P: Number of moles of p element in polyethylene terephthalate)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP16346681A JPS5865744A (en) | 1981-10-15 | 1981-10-15 | Polyethylene terephthalate for condenser film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP16346681A JPS5865744A (en) | 1981-10-15 | 1981-10-15 | Polyethylene terephthalate for condenser film |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5865744A JPS5865744A (en) | 1983-04-19 |
JPH023428B2 true JPH023428B2 (en) | 1990-01-23 |
Family
ID=15774404
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP16346681A Granted JPS5865744A (en) | 1981-10-15 | 1981-10-15 | Polyethylene terephthalate for condenser film |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5865744A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0770420B2 (en) * | 1987-06-18 | 1995-07-31 | ãã€ã¢ãã€ã«ããã¹ãæ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | Biaxially stretched polyester film for capacitors |
JPH0776261B2 (en) * | 1986-11-07 | 1995-08-16 | æ±ã¬æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | Method for producing polyester containing silica-alumina particles |
JPS63227634A (en) * | 1987-03-18 | 1988-09-21 | Toray Ind Inc | Film for heat-sensitive stencil printing base paper |
JP2727650B2 (en) * | 1989-05-12 | 1998-03-11 | æ±ã¬æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | Polyester composition for insulating film |
JPH03181550A (en) * | 1989-12-11 | 1991-08-07 | Toray Ind Inc | Polyester composition for insulation film |
-
1981
- 1981-10-15 JP JP16346681A patent/JPS5865744A/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5865744A (en) | 1983-04-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5023291A (en) | Polyester composition | |
JPH023428B2 (en) | ||
JP3278943B2 (en) | Polyester and film | |
JP3693457B2 (en) | Film for condenser | |
US5256471A (en) | Composite polyester film | |
JP2590515B2 (en) | Polyester composition and biaxially stretched polyester film comprising the same | |
JP3261737B2 (en) | Polyester composition and polyester film | |
JP2015081271A (en) | Flame retardant polyester film | |
JP2004002515A (en) | Polyester resin, biaxially oriented film and insulating film for capacitor composed thereof | |
JP2001089582A (en) | Polyester film for condenser | |
JP4101390B2 (en) | Capacitor film | |
JPH0239855B2 (en) | ||
JP3693456B2 (en) | Film for condenser | |
JPH1192637A (en) | Polyester composition and film therefrom | |
JP3452401B2 (en) | Polyester film for food packaging | |
JP2001076536A (en) | Electric insulation film | |
JPS6149763B2 (en) | ||
JP2701540B2 (en) | Composite polyester film | |
JP2001076961A (en) | Biaxially orientated polyester film for capacitor | |
KR100271923B1 (en) | Biaxially orientated polyester film for condenser | |
JPH0770420B2 (en) | Biaxially stretched polyester film for capacitors | |
JPH0848008A (en) | Laminated film and condenser using the same | |
JPH06313031A (en) | Production of polyester | |
JPH10163064A (en) | Polyester film for capacitor | |
JP2002275287A (en) | Polyester film |