JPH0225487Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0225487Y2 JPH0225487Y2 JP18226783U JP18226783U JPH0225487Y2 JP H0225487 Y2 JPH0225487 Y2 JP H0225487Y2 JP 18226783 U JP18226783 U JP 18226783U JP 18226783 U JP18226783 U JP 18226783U JP H0225487 Y2 JPH0225487 Y2 JP H0225487Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- pulverized coal
- pulverizer
- crusher
- throat area
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002062 proliferating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
本考案は石炭燃焼装置に係り、特に石炭粉砕機
の起動・停止に伴う発生蒸気の温度・圧力の変動
率を低下させるに好適な石炭粉砕機に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a coal combustion device, and particularly to a coal pulverizer suitable for reducing the rate of fluctuation in the temperature and pressure of generated steam as the coal pulverizer starts and stops.
石炭を燃料として蒸気を発生させるボイラに於
ては、近年、建設用地・コスト等の問題から一基
当りの容量が1000MW〜1300MWと大容量化して
来ている。又電力需要量の変化巾、すなわち最大
電力需要量と、休日、夜間等の最小電力需要量と
の差が大きくなつて来ており、ボイラとしては高
負荷変化率及び頻繁な起動・停止の要求が高くな
つて来ている。更に燃料確保の面から、石炭と言
つても、単一銘柄ではなく、オーストラリア、中
国、南アフリカ協和国、カナダ等の多産地、多種
の石炭を同一ボイラで燃焼させる例が多くなつて
来ており、これに伴つて各炭種の発熱量の差や粉
砕性の差による石炭燃焼設備の制御は、石炭粉砕
機の特性とマツチングさせる必要があり、非常に
複雑化して、難しくなりつつある。 In recent years, the capacity of a boiler that uses coal as fuel to generate steam has increased to 1000 MW to 1300 MW due to problems such as construction site and cost. In addition, the difference between the amount of change in power demand, that is, the maximum power demand and the minimum power demand on holidays, at night, etc., is increasing, and boilers are required to have high load change rates and frequent startup and shutdown. is getting higher. Furthermore, from the perspective of securing fuel, there are many cases in which coal, rather than a single brand, is being burned in the same boiler, with many different types of coal coming from Australia, China, South African Union, Canada, and other prolific regions. As a result, the control of coal combustion equipment due to differences in calorific value and pulverization properties of each type of coal needs to be matched with the characteristics of the coal pulverizer, which is becoming extremely complex and difficult.
その具体例を図を用いて説明する。 A specific example will be explained using figures.
第1図は従来技術から成る微粉炭燃焼装置の系
統を示す。石炭粉砕機2で粉砕された微粉炭は、
粉砕機内部で乾燥、分級され、一次空気6によつ
て搬送され、石炭粉砕機2の出口に於て、4〜10
本から成る微粉炭管3を通つて、微粉炭バーナ5
へ供給されるようになつており、ボイラに於ては
これと同一の設備が3〜8組設置されている。 FIG. 1 shows a system of a pulverized coal combustion apparatus according to the prior art. The pulverized coal crushed by the coal crusher 2 is
The coal is dried and classified inside the pulverizer, transported by primary air 6, and at the outlet of the coal pulverizer 2, 4 to 10
The pulverized coal burner 5 is passed through the pulverized coal pipe 3 consisting of a main
Three to eight sets of the same equipment are installed in the boiler.
又第2図はある炭種に於るボイラ負荷と石炭粉
砕機の運転台数の関係の一例を示す。同図に於て
石炭粉砕機の最低負荷率は、
(イ) 微粉炭管3を通じて搬送できる最低速度及び
微粉炭の火炎伝播速度以上に一次空気6の速度
を保つことの制限。 Furthermore, FIG. 2 shows an example of the relationship between the boiler load and the number of operating coal crushers for a certain type of coal. In the same figure, the minimum load rate of the coal crusher is (a) the minimum speed that can be conveyed through the pulverized coal pipe 3 and the restriction on keeping the velocity of the primary air 6 higher than the flame propagation speed of the pulverized coal.
(ロ) 微粉炭バーナ5に於て、一次空気中の微粉炭
濃度が希薄となつた場合の失火限界から来る制
限、によつて、一般的には最低粉砕機負荷率は
40〜50%が現状技術に於る最低粉砕機負荷率と
されている。このような設備に於ては、同図に
示すように、ボイラ負荷を低下させる場合は、
全粉砕機はボイラ負荷デマンド信号に基く、給
炭量制御によつて、粉砕機負荷率は下がり、下
限値よりわずかに高い負荷率に達した時点で、
全粉砕機の内の1台への給炭を停止して、粉砕
機内部の残炭を処理した後粉砕機を停止する。
更にボイラ負荷を低下させる場合は順次粉砕機
台数を減じて、運転中の粉砕機の負荷率が最低
値以上に維持されるよう運転される。このよう
な粉砕機の運転特性に於ては、粉砕機の起動・
停止毎に、粉砕機の最低負荷率相当量(全給炭
量の約10%程度)の燃料量がステツプ的に短時
間に変動する為、ボイラよりの発生蒸気の温
度・圧力制御に大きな外乱要素となつて作用す
る。これを解決する方法として、従来は専ら制
御装置に依存する方法が採用されて来たが、十
分な効果が得られていないのが現状である。(b) In the pulverized coal burner 5, the minimum pulverizer load rate is generally limited by the limit of misfire when the pulverized coal concentration in the primary air becomes dilute.
40 to 50% is considered to be the minimum crusher load factor in the current technology. In such equipment, as shown in the figure, when reducing the boiler load,
All crushers are controlled by coal feeding amount based on the boiler load demand signal, and the load rate of the crusher decreases, and when the load rate reaches a load rate slightly higher than the lower limit value,
The coal supply to one of all the pulverizers is stopped, and after the remaining coal inside the pulverizer is disposed of, the pulverizer is stopped.
When further reducing the boiler load, the number of crushers is sequentially reduced and the crushers are operated so that the load factor of the crushers during operation is maintained at a minimum value or higher. Regarding the operating characteristics of such a crusher, starting and
Each time the pulverizer is stopped, the amount of fuel corresponding to the minimum load factor of the crusher (approximately 10% of the total amount of coal fed) fluctuates stepwise in a short period of time, causing a large disturbance in the temperature and pressure control of the steam generated from the boiler. It acts as an element. As a method to solve this problem, a method that relies exclusively on a control device has been adopted in the past, but the current situation is that sufficient effects have not been obtained.
本考案の目的は、上記した従来技術の欠点を無
くする為、石炭粉砕機の最低負荷率を低下させ、
粉砕機の起動・停止による燃料供給量の変動巾を
少なくし、ボイラからの発生蒸気の温度・圧力制
御に及ぼす影響を軽減する石炭粉砕機を提供する
にある。 The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the minimum load factor of the coal crusher in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional technology described above.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a coal pulverizer that reduces fluctuations in the amount of fuel supplied due to starting and stopping of the pulverizer and reduces the influence on temperature and pressure control of steam generated from a boiler.
すなわち、本考案は、給炭13を粉砕する下部
粉砕輪7と粉砕ボール9を有し、粉砕されて遠心
力により外部に押し出された粉炭14を吹き上げ
る一次空気6が通過する所定面積に設定されたス
ロート12を前記下部粉砕輪7の外周に有し、さ
らに吹き上げられた前記粉炭14を再度粉砕され
る粗粒炭とを微粉炭管3を経てバーナ5に供給さ
れる微粉炭に分級する分級器10を有する石炭粉
砕機2において、
前記スロートを下部粉砕輪7の外周に複数個断
続的に配置し、円周方向に回転することにより前
記スロート面積が変化するようにスロート面積調
節板15を設け、粉砕機より微粉炭を分配されて
いる微粉炭バーナの運転台数に対応する信号17
により、スロート面積調節板を円周方向に回転さ
せるスロート面積調節器16を設けたことを特徴
とする石炭粉砕機、である。 That is, the present invention has a lower crushing wheel 7 for crushing the fed coal 13 and a crushing ball 9, and is set in a predetermined area through which the primary air 6 blows up the crushed coal 14 pushed out by centrifugal force. A throat 12 is provided on the outer periphery of the lower crushing wheel 7, and the blown up pulverized coal 14 is further classified into coarse granulated coal to be crushed again and pulverized coal to be supplied to the burner 5 via the pulverized coal pipe 3. In the coal crusher 2 having the vessel 10, a plurality of throats are disposed intermittently on the outer periphery of the lower crushing wheel 7, and a throat area adjusting plate 15 is provided so that the throat area changes by rotating in the circumferential direction. A signal 17 corresponding to the number of operating pulverized coal burners installed and distributing pulverized coal from the pulverizer
This is a coal pulverizer characterized by being provided with a throat area adjuster 16 that rotates a throat area adjusting plate in the circumferential direction.
要するに本考案は、微粉砕された石炭を吹上げ
るスロートの面積を連続的に変化させる次のよう
な機構を設置し、当該粉砕機より分配されている
微粉炭バーナの運転台数に対応する信号により、
スロート面積を変化させ、粉砕機の最低負荷率を
当該粉砕機より分配されている微粉炭バーナ1台
の容量まで下げる事により、粉砕機の起動・停止
時の燃料供給量の変動巾を少なくするようにした
ものである。 In short, the present invention installs the following mechanism that continuously changes the area of the throat that blows up pulverized coal, and uses a signal corresponding to the number of operating pulverized coal burners distributed from the pulverizer to ,
By changing the throat area and lowering the minimum load rate of the pulverizer to the capacity of one pulverized coal burner distributed from the pulverizer, the range of fluctuations in the amount of fuel supplied when starting and stopping the pulverizer is reduced. This is how it was done.
本考案を第3図、4図及び第5図に基き説明す
る。 The present invention will be explained based on FIGS. 3, 4 and 5.
第3図は従来技術になる石炭粉砕機の断面図を
例示する。粉砕機に供給された給炭13は、回転
する下部粉砕輪7と粉砕ボール9により微粉砕さ
れ、粉砕された微粉炭14は遠心力により粉砕ボ
ール9の外側に押し出され、ここで一次空気6に
より適切な面積に設定されたスロート12を通過
する際の速度エネルギにより吹上げられ、分級器
10に入る。分級器10に入つた微粉炭14は、
一次空気6の旋回による遠心力により分級され、
粒度の粗い微粉炭は分離器ホツパ11を通り再び
粉砕される。一方分級された微粉炭は微粉炭管3
を通り、微粉炭バーナに供給される。第4図は、
第3図のA−A視図を示し、スロート12は下部
粉砕輪7の外周に連続的に配置されている。第5
図は本考案になる実施例を示す。その断面は第3
図と同じである。 FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a coal crusher according to the prior art. The feed coal 13 supplied to the crusher is finely pulverized by the rotating lower crushing wheel 7 and the crushing ball 9, and the crushed pulverized coal 14 is pushed out of the crushing ball 9 by centrifugal force, where it is exposed to primary air 6. It is blown up by the velocity energy when passing through the throat 12, which has an appropriate area, and enters the classifier 10. The pulverized coal 14 that has entered the classifier 10 is
Classified by centrifugal force due to swirling of primary air 6,
The coarse pulverized coal passes through the separator hopper 11 and is pulverized again. On the other hand, the classified pulverized coal is transported to pulverized coal pipe 3.
The pulverized coal is supplied to the pulverized coal burner. Figure 4 shows
The throat 12 is continuously arranged around the outer periphery of the lower crushing wheel 7, as shown in the AA view of FIG. Fifth
The figure shows an embodiment of the present invention. Its cross section is the third
Same as the figure.
本考案の特徴とするところは、従来技術のスロ
ート12にスロート面積調節板15、スロート面
積調節器16を設置したことである。すなわち同
図に示す通り、スロート12を下部粉砕輪7の外
周に複数個、断続的に配置し、更にそのスロート
面積を調節できるようスロート面積調節板15及
びスロート面積調節器16を設置したものであ
る。 A feature of the present invention is that a throat area adjusting plate 15 and a throat area adjusting device 16 are installed in the throat 12 of the prior art. That is, as shown in the figure, a plurality of throats 12 are disposed intermittently around the outer periphery of the lower crushing wheel 7, and a throat area adjusting plate 15 and a throat area adjusting device 16 are further installed to adjust the throat area. be.
従来技術によれば粉砕機負荷率が制限値(下限
値)に達した場合、粉砕機負荷率の低下に伴い、
一次空気量も低下する為、スロート12を通過す
る一次空気速度が低下し、吹上げエネルギが減少
して十分な粉砕機性能が得られないこと及び微粉
炭管3を通じて搬送できる最低速度以上に一次空
気速度を保つ必要があつた為、40〜50%に粉砕機
負荷率が低下すれば粉砕機を停止する必要があつ
たが、本考案によれば更に低負荷率まで粉砕機の
運転が可能となる。すなわち、粉砕機の負荷率が
40〜50%まで低下するまでは、従来通り全粉砕機
の負荷率を均一に低下させ、下限値に達すれば、
当該粉砕機より分配されている微粉炭バーナの運
転台数に対応する微粉炭バーナ運転信号17によ
り、スロート面積12をスロート面積調節器16
によりスロート面積調節板15を円周方向に回転
させ、調節する。又微粉炭バーナ運転信号17に
より当該微粉炭バーナはカツトオフダンパ4を全
閉する事により停止される。この調節を行う事に
より、当該粉砕機の負荷率が従来の下限値以下に
達しても、スロート12を通過する一次空気の吹
上速度は確保され、又微粉炭管3内の必要搬送速
度も確保される。すなわち、従来技術の場合、当
該粉砕機から分配された微粉炭バーナの合計数単
位で起動、停止するしかなかつたものが、微粉炭
バーナ1台単位毎に、燃料油バーナと同様に、起
動・停止が可能となり、従来の粉砕機の起動・停
止に伴う、大巾な燃料量変化による蒸気温度・圧
力制御への影響を軽減する事が可能となる。 According to the conventional technology, when the crusher load rate reaches the limit value (lower limit value), as the crusher load rate decreases,
Since the amount of primary air also decreases, the velocity of the primary air passing through the throat 12 decreases, and the blowing energy decreases, making it impossible to obtain sufficient crusher performance. Since it was necessary to maintain the air velocity, it was necessary to stop the crusher if the crusher load rate decreased to 40 to 50%, but with this invention, the crusher can be operated to an even lower load rate. becomes. In other words, the load factor of the crusher is
Until it drops to 40-50%, the load factor of all the crushers will be reduced uniformly as before, and once the lower limit is reached,
The throat area 12 is adjusted by the throat area adjuster 16 according to the pulverized coal burner operation signal 17 corresponding to the number of operating pulverized coal burners distributed by the pulverizer.
The throat area adjustment plate 15 is rotated and adjusted in the circumferential direction. Further, the pulverized coal burner is stopped by fully closing the cut-off damper 4 in response to the pulverized coal burner operation signal 17. By making this adjustment, even if the load factor of the pulverizer reaches below the conventional lower limit, the blow-up speed of the primary air passing through the throat 12 is ensured, and the necessary conveyance speed within the pulverized coal pipe 3 is also ensured. be done. In other words, in the case of the prior art, the only option was to start and stop the total number of pulverized coal burners distributed from the pulverizer, but now it is necessary to start and stop each pulverized coal burner in the same way as the fuel oil burner. This makes it possible to reduce the impact on steam temperature and pressure control caused by large changes in fuel amount that occur when conventional crushers start and stop.
本考案による効果を述べれば次の通りである。 The effects of the present invention are as follows.
1 石炭粉砕機のターンダウン比の制限となつて
いる微粉炭搬送速度下限及び微粉濃度の問題
が、解決出来、大きなボイラ負荷変化率が要求
される場合にも、スムーズに対応出来、粉砕機
の起動・停止に伴う、燃料量の変化巾を少なく
出来、蒸気温度・圧力制御への影響を軽減でき
る。1. The problems of the lower limit of pulverized coal conveyance speed and fine powder concentration, which limit the turndown ratio of coal pulverizers, can be solved, and even when a large boiler load change rate is required, it can be handled smoothly, and the pulverizer It is possible to reduce the range of changes in fuel amount due to startup and shutdown, and the impact on steam temperature and pressure control can be reduced.
2 同一粉砕機で発熱量、粉砕性の異る石炭を使
用する場合、バーナカツトが可能である為粉砕
機の最適運転が可能となる。2. When using coals with different calorific values and crushability in the same crusher, burner cutting is possible, which enables optimal operation of the crusher.
第1図は従来技術になる石炭燃焼装置を示す系
統図、第2図は従来技術になる粉砕機の負荷率と
ボイラ負荷の関係を示す説明図、第3図は従来技
術になる粉砕機の断面図、第4図は第3図のA−
A視図、第5図は本考案になる第3図のA−A視
図である。
1……ボイラ、2……石炭粉砕機、3……微粉
炭管、4……カツトオフダンパ、5……微粉炭バ
ーナ、6……一次空気、7……下部粉砕輪、8…
…上部粉砕輪、9……粉砕ボール、10……分級
器、11……分離器ホツパ、12……スロート、
13……給炭、14……微粉炭、15……スロー
ト面積調節板、16……スロート面積調節器、1
7……微粉炭バーナ運転信号。
Figure 1 is a system diagram showing a conventional coal combustion device, Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the load factor of a conventional pulverizer and boiler load, and Figure 3 is a diagram of a conventional pulverizer. Cross-sectional view, Figure 4 is A- in Figure 3.
A view and FIG. 5 are A-A views of FIG. 3 according to the present invention. 1... Boiler, 2... Coal crusher, 3... Pulverized coal pipe, 4... Cut-off damper, 5... Pulverized coal burner, 6... Primary air, 7... Lower crushing ring, 8...
...Upper crushing ring, 9...Crushing ball, 10...Classifier, 11...Separator hopper, 12...Throat,
13... Coal feed, 14... Pulverized coal, 15... Throat area adjustment plate, 16... Throat area adjuster, 1
7...Pulverized coal burner operation signal.
Claims (1)
9を有し、粉砕されて遠心力により外部に押し出
された粉炭14を吹き上げる一次空気6が通過す
る所定面積に設定されたスロート12を前記下部
粉砕輪7の外周に有し、さらに吹き上げられた前
記粉炭14を再度粉砕される粗粒炭とを微粉炭管
3を経てバーナ5に供給される微粉炭に分級する
分級器10を有する石炭粉砕機2において、 前記スロートを下部粉砕輪7の外周に複数個断
続的に配置し、円周方向に回転することにより前
記スロート面積が変化するようにスロート面積調
節板15を設け、粉砕機より微粉炭を分配されて
いる微粉炭バーナの運転台数に対応する信号17
により、スロート面積調節板を円周方向に回転さ
せるスロート面積調節器16を設けたことを特徴
とする石炭粉砕機。[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A lower crushing wheel 7 for crushing fed coal 13 and a crushing ball 9 are provided in a predetermined area through which primary air 6 blows up powdered coal 14 that has been crushed and pushed out by centrifugal force. A set throat 12 is provided on the outer periphery of the lower crushing wheel 7, and the blown up pulverized coal 14 is further classified into coarse granulated coal to be crushed again and pulverized coal to be supplied to the burner 5 via the pulverized coal pipe 3. In the coal crusher 2 having a classifier 10, a plurality of throats are disposed intermittently on the outer periphery of the lower crushing wheel 7, and a throat area adjusting plate is provided so that the throat area changes by rotating in the circumferential direction. 15, and a signal 17 corresponding to the number of operating pulverized coal burners to which pulverized coal is distributed from the pulverizer.
A coal crusher characterized in that it is provided with a throat area adjuster 16 that rotates a throat area adjuster plate in the circumferential direction.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP18226783U JPS6091255U (en) | 1983-11-28 | 1983-11-28 | coal crusher |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP18226783U JPS6091255U (en) | 1983-11-28 | 1983-11-28 | coal crusher |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6091255U JPS6091255U (en) | 1985-06-22 |
JPH0225487Y2 true JPH0225487Y2 (en) | 1990-07-12 |
Family
ID=30394764
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP18226783U Granted JPS6091255U (en) | 1983-11-28 | 1983-11-28 | coal crusher |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6091255U (en) |
-
1983
- 1983-11-28 JP JP18226783U patent/JPS6091255U/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS6091255U (en) | 1985-06-22 |
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