JPH0222561B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0222561B2 JPH0222561B2 JP19396185A JP19396185A JPH0222561B2 JP H0222561 B2 JPH0222561 B2 JP H0222561B2 JP 19396185 A JP19396185 A JP 19396185A JP 19396185 A JP19396185 A JP 19396185A JP H0222561 B2 JPH0222561 B2 JP H0222561B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hybrid
- terminals
- terminal
- coupler
- microwave
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
- Waveguides (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明はマイクロ波集積回路に適する180゜ハイ
ブリツドに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a 180° hybrid suitable for microwave integrated circuits.
（従来の技術）
従来の180゜ハイブリツドの例を第２図に示す。
第２図において１，２，３，４は180゜ハイブリツ
ドの四端子、５，６，７は1/4波長線路、８は結
合線路、９，１０は接地である。この回路は、1/
４波長線路５，６，７が90゜移相器として動作し、
結合線路８が270゜移相器として動作し、全体とし
て180゜ハイブリツドを構成している。ところが、
この180゜ハイブリツドには次の２つの欠点があ
る。(Prior Art) An example of a conventional 180° hybrid is shown in Fig. 2.
In FIG. 2, 1, 2, 3, and 4 are 180° hybrid four terminals, 5, 6, and 7 are 1/4 wavelength lines, 8 is a coupled line, and 9 and 10 are ground. This circuit is 1/
The four wavelength lines 5, 6, and 7 operate as a 90° phase shifter,
The coupled line 8 operates as a 270° phase shifter, forming a 180° hybrid as a whole. However,
This 180° hybrid has the following two drawbacks.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
180゜ハイブリツドの内側の点９を接地するた
めに集積回路基板に貫通穴をあける必要があ
る。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) It is necessary to make a through hole in the integrated circuit board in order to ground the point 9 inside the 180° hybrid.
180゜ハイブリツドの４端子１，２，３，４の
端子インピーダンスを50Ωとするには、1/4波
長線路５，６，７の特性インピーダンスおよび
結合線路８の映像インピーダンスを70Ωにする
必要がある。たとえば、基板厚0.15mmのGaAs
基板上にマイクロストリツプ線路で動作周波数
7GHzの180゜ハイブリツドを形成する場合、結
合線路８は結合長４mm、結合間隔1μm以下とな
る。この寸法は通常の光エツチングと金属蒸着
プロセスでは実現が容易でない。 In order to set the terminal impedance of the four terminals 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the 180° hybrid to 50Ω, the characteristic impedance of the 1/4 wavelength lines 5, 6, and 7 and the video impedance of the coupled line 8 need to be 70Ω. . For example, GaAs with a substrate thickness of 0.15 mm
Operating frequency with microstrip line on board
When forming a 7 GHz 180° hybrid, the coupling line 8 has a coupling length of 4 mm and a coupling interval of 1 μm or less. This dimension is not easily achieved using conventional photoetching and metal deposition processes.
本発明の目的はこれらの欠点を除去し、マイク
ロ波集積回路に適した180゜ハイブリツドを提供す
ることにある。 The object of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks and provide a 180° hybrid suitable for microwave integrated circuits.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明マイクロ波180゜ハイブリツドは、270゜移
相器の部分にランゲ結合器を用いることを特徴と
する。従来必要であつた集積回路基板の貫通穴が
不要であり、かつ、集積回路基板上で容易に実現
可能な線路結合間隔で回路を構成したことが従来
の回路と異なる点である。(Means for Solving the Problems) The microwave 180° hybrid of the present invention is characterized by using a Lange coupler in the 270° phase shifter. The present invention differs from conventional circuits in that it does not require through-holes in the integrated circuit board, which were conventionally required, and the circuit is configured with line coupling intervals that can be easily realized on the integrated circuit board.
（作用）
ランゲ結合器を使用して外側端子を接地するの
で集積回路基板の貫通孔が不要となり、従つて集
積回路化に適したハイブリツドが得られる。(Function) Since the outer terminal is grounded using a Lange coupler, a through hole in the integrated circuit board is not required, and therefore a hybrid suitable for integration into an integrated circuit is obtained.
（実施例）
第１図は本発明の実施例であつて、１，２，
３，４は180゜ハイブリツドの４端子、５，６，７
は1/4波長線路、９，１０は接地、１１はランゲ
結合器、１１−１，１１−２，１１−３，１１−
４はランゲ結合器の４つの端子である。この回路
は、1/4波長線路５、６，７が90゜移相器として動
作し、ランゲ結合器１１が270゜移相器として動作
し、全体として180゜ハイブリツドを構成してい
る。(Example) FIG. 1 shows an example of the present invention.
3 and 4 are 180° hybrid 4 terminals, 5, 6, 7
is a 1/4 wavelength line, 9 and 10 are grounded, 11 is a Lange coupler, 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-
4 are the four terminals of the Lange coupler. In this circuit, the 1/4 wavelength lines 5, 6, and 7 operate as a 90° phase shifter, and the Lange combiner 11 operates as a 270° phase shifter, forming a 180° hybrid as a whole.
つぎに動作を説明する。端子１から信号を入力
すると、1/4波長線路５とランゲ結合器１１に信
号電力が二等分される。ランゲ結合器１１の端子
１１−１の入力信号は端子１１−２および端子１
１−３へそれぞれ位相遅延90゜，0゜で伝播するが、
これらの端子１１−２，１１−３は接地されてい
るため、全反射し、全反射によつて180゜の位相回
転が生じるので、反射波の合計の位相遅延はそれ
ぞれ270゜，180゜となる。１１−２からの反射波は
結合線１２−１，１２−３により、位相遅延0゜で
１１−４に伝播され、１１−３からの反射波は位
相遅延90゜で１１−４に伝播されるため、これら
の反射波はいずれも端子１１−４には位相遅延
270゜で伝播され、同相合成される。一方、1/4波
長線路５は90゜移相器であるので、端子２での位
相遅延は90゜である。したがつて、端子１からの
信号は端子２と端子４では270゜−90゜＝180゜の位相
差が生じ、両端子間に逆相分配される。また、端
子３からの信号は1/4波長線路６および７を伝播
して端子２と端子４に同相分配される。すなわ
ち、本回路は180゜ハイブリツドとして動作する。 Next, the operation will be explained. When a signal is input from the terminal 1, the signal power is divided into two equal parts between the 1/4 wavelength line 5 and the Lange coupler 11. The input signal of terminal 11-1 of Lange coupler 11 is input to terminal 11-2 and terminal 1.
It propagates to 1-3 with a phase delay of 90° and 0°, respectively.
Since these terminals 11-2 and 11-3 are grounded, total reflection occurs, and a 180° phase rotation occurs due to total reflection, so the total phase delay of the reflected waves is 270° and 180°, respectively. Become. The reflected wave from 11-2 is propagated to 11-4 with a phase delay of 0° by the coupled lines 12-1 and 12-3, and the reflected wave from 11-3 is propagated to 11-4 with a phase delay of 90°. Therefore, both of these reflected waves have a phase delay at terminal 11-4.
Propagated at 270° and in-phase synthesized. On the other hand, since the 1/4 wavelength line 5 is a 90° phase shifter, the phase delay at the terminal 2 is 90°. Therefore, the signal from terminal 1 has a phase difference of 270°-90°=180° between terminals 2 and 4, and is distributed in reverse phase between both terminals. Further, the signal from the terminal 3 propagates through the 1/4 wavelength lines 6 and 7 and is distributed to the terminals 2 and 4 in phase. That is, this circuit operates as a 180° hybrid.
本発明180゜ハイブリツドの４端子インピーダン
スを50Ωとするには、ランゲ結合器１１の端子１
１−１、端子１１−４間の映像インピーダンスを
約70Ωにする必要がある。たとえば、基板厚
150μmのガリウムひ素基板上にマイクロストリツ
プ回路で動作周波数7GHzの180゜ハイブリツドを
形成する場合、ランゲ結合器の寸法は結合長４
mm、結合間隔64μmとなり、金蒸着プロセスにお
いて特に高い精度を必要としない。また、本発明
180゜ハイブリツドに必要な接地９および１０はい
ずれも回路の外側にあるため、これら接地９およ
び１０を基板の縁に位置することにより、基板に
貫通穴をあける必要がない。したがつて、本発明
によれば、集積回路基板に貫通穴をあけることな
く、通常の精度の金蒸着プロセスで、180゜ハイブ
リツドを構成することが可能である。 In order to set the 4-terminal impedance of the 180° hybrid of the present invention to 50Ω, the terminal 1 of the Lange coupler 11 is
It is necessary to set the video impedance between terminals 1-1 and 11-4 to approximately 70Ω. For example, board thickness
When forming a 180° hybrid with an operating frequency of 7 GHz using a microstrip circuit on a 150 μm gallium arsenide substrate, the dimensions of the Lange coupler are as follows: coupling length 4
mm, and the bond spacing is 64 μm, which does not require particularly high precision in the gold evaporation process. Moreover, the present invention
Since the grounds 9 and 10 required for the 180° hybrid are both external to the circuit, by locating these grounds 9 and 10 at the edges of the board, there is no need to drill through holes in the board. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to construct a 180° hybrid using a gold evaporation process of ordinary precision without drilling through holes in the integrated circuit board.
（効果の説明）
以上説明したように本発明マイクロ波180゜ハイ
ブリツドは特に精度の高い製造プロセスを用いる
ことなく基板上に構成でき、かつ、基板に貫通穴
をあける必要がないため、集積回路化に適してい
る。本発明マイクロ波180゜ハイブリツドをバラン
スミクサや変調器などのマイクロ波集積回路に応
用した場合に製造歩留の向上が期待できる。(Explanation of Effects) As explained above, the microwave 180° hybrid of the present invention can be constructed on a substrate without using a particularly high-precision manufacturing process, and there is no need to drill through holes in the substrate, so it can be integrated into an integrated circuit. suitable for When the microwave 180° hybrid of the present invention is applied to microwave integrated circuits such as balance mixers and modulators, an improvement in manufacturing yield can be expected.
第１図は本発明180゜ハイブリツドの実施例、第
２図は従来の180゜ハイブリツドの例である。
１，２，３，４……180゜ハイブリツドの４端
子、５，６，７……1/4波長線路、８……結合線
路、９，１０……接地、１１……ランゲ結合、１
１−１，１１−２，１１−３，１１−４……ラン
ゲ結合器の四端子。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a 180° hybrid according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows an example of a conventional 180° hybrid. 1, 2, 3, 4...180° hybrid 4 terminals, 5, 6, 7...1/4 wavelength line, 8...Coupled line, 9, 10...Grounding, 11...Lange coupling, 1
1-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-4...Four terminals of the Lange combiner.
Claims (1)
に結合され、各々の結合点を４個の入出力端子と
するマイクロ波180゜ハイブリツドにおいて、 前記結合器が４端子のランゲ結合器であり、 該ランゲ結合器の４端子のうち前記1/4波長線
路に結合しない外側の２端子が接地されることを
特徴とするマイクロ波180゜ハイブリツド。[Claims] 1. In a microwave 180° hybrid in which three 1/4 wavelength lines and a coupler are sequentially coupled in a loop shape and each coupling point serves as four input/output terminals, the coupler is 1. A microwave 180° hybrid which is a four-terminal Lange coupler, wherein of the four terminals of the Lange coupler, the outer two terminals that are not coupled to the 1/4 wavelength line are grounded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19396185A JPS6256002A (en) | 1985-09-04 | 1985-09-04 | Microwave 180× hybrid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19396185A JPS6256002A (en) | 1985-09-04 | 1985-09-04 | Microwave 180× hybrid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6256002A JPS6256002A (en) | 1987-03-11 |
| JPH0222561B2 true JPH0222561B2 (en) | 1990-05-21 |
Family
ID=16316640
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19396185A Granted JPS6256002A (en) | 1985-09-04 | 1985-09-04 | Microwave 180× hybrid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6256002A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01231501A (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-14 | Fujitsu Ltd | 180-degree hybrid |
| JPH02190003A (en) * | 1989-01-19 | 1990-07-26 | Fujitsu Ltd | Phase inverter |
| KR100515028B1 (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2005-09-15 | 국방과학연구소 | Mmic phase shifter using multi-folded lange couplers |
-
1985
- 1985-09-04 JP JP19396185A patent/JPS6256002A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6256002A (en) | 1987-03-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |