JPH02191594A - Sewage treating device - Google Patents
Sewage treating deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02191594A JPH02191594A JP899689A JP968989A JPH02191594A JP H02191594 A JPH02191594 A JP H02191594A JP 899689 A JP899689 A JP 899689A JP 968989 A JP968989 A JP 968989A JP H02191594 A JPH02191594 A JP H02191594A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filter layer
- layer
- filter
- filter medium
- filled
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 10
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、都市下水、産業排水などの有機性排水あるい
は下水二次処理水を生物膜濾過法によって処理する汚水
処理装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a sewage treatment device for treating organic wastewater such as urban sewage and industrial wastewater, or secondary treated sewage water by a biofilm filtration method.
［従来技術］
生物膜濾過法による汚水処理装置は、処理槽内に玉砂利
、砕石、アンスラサイト、ラシしリングなどの粒状濾材
を充填した生物膜濾層を備え、濾層の下部から空気を吹
き込む散気手段が設けられ、濾材の表面あるいは濾層の
空隙に着生している好気性微生物の作用によって原水中
のＢＯＤ成分を酸化分解処理する装置である。この装置
は、濾層内での気液接触がよいために酸素溶解効率が高
く、また有機物の除去と同時に懸濁性固形物（以下、Ｓ
Ｓと云う）を除去する機能をも有しており、近年、その
適用についての開発研究がなされている。[Prior art] Sewage treatment equipment using the biofilm filtration method has a biofilm filter layer filled with granular filter media such as gravel, crushed stone, anthracite, and lacquer rings in the treatment tank, and air is blown from the bottom of the filter layer. This device is equipped with aeration means and oxidizes and decomposes BOD components in raw water by the action of aerobic microorganisms that grow on the surface of the filter medium or in the voids of the filter layer. This device has high oxygen dissolution efficiency due to good gas-liquid contact within the filter layer, and also removes suspended solids (hereinafter referred to as S) while simultaneously removing organic matter.
It also has the function of removing S (S), and research and development on its application has been conducted in recent years.
例えば、濾層に粒状濾材を充填した生物濾過脱法による
装置を使用し、活性汚泥法による処理水の高度処理を行
った研究結果が発表されている（第２５回下水道研究発
表会講演集１２９４頁〜２９６頁、 １９８８年）、第
４図はこの装置の説明図である。第４図において、この
装置は処理槽１内に４〜７Ｉの粒状濾材を１ｍ充填して
流層３０を形成している。そして、処理槽１の上部には
原水流入管４が、下部には処理水排出管５がそれぞれ配
管され、また流層３０の下方には濾材に着生した微生物
に酸素を供給するための曝気用空気供給管７が配管され
ている６図中、９は処理水排出管５に接続させて処理槽
１に逆洗水を流入させる逆洗水供給管、１１は逆洗排水
管を示し、曝気用空気供給管７は逆洗用空気の供給管を
兼ねている。For example, research results have been published on advanced treatment of treated water using the activated sludge method using a biological filtration system in which the filter bed is filled with granular filter media (25th Sewerage Research Conference Proceedings, p. 1294). 296, 1988), FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of this device. In FIG. 4, in this apparatus, a treatment tank 1 is filled with 4 to 7I granular filter media for 1 m to form a fluid bed 30. A raw water inflow pipe 4 is installed in the upper part of the treatment tank 1, and a treated water discharge pipe 5 is installed in the lower part of the treatment tank 1. Also, below the flow bed 30, aeration is provided to supply oxygen to the microorganisms that have grown on the filter media. In Figure 6, where the air supply pipe 7 is installed, 9 indicates a backwash water supply pipe that is connected to the treated water discharge pipe 5 and allows backwash water to flow into the treatment tank 1, and 11 indicates a backwash drain pipe. The aeration air supply pipe 7 also serves as a backwash air supply pipe.
このように構成された装置において、原水流入管４から
供給された原水は流層３０を通過する間にＢＯＤ及びＳ
Ｓが除去され、処理水は処理水排出管５から排出する。In the device configured in this way, the raw water supplied from the raw water inflow pipe 4 has BOD and S while passing through the fluid layer 30.
S is removed and the treated water is discharged from the treated water discharge pipe 5.
この浄化処理の間に、ＳＳの捕捉及び微生物の増殖によ
って流層３０の圧損が上昇するので、圧損がある限度に
達した時点で流層３０の逆洗を行う。During this purification process, the pressure drop in the fluid bed 30 increases due to the capture of SS and the growth of microorganisms, so the fluid bed 30 is backwashed when the pressure loss reaches a certain limit.
この実施結果の説明においては、ＢＯＤ、ＳＳの除去は
何れも良好であるが、２４時間通水後の圧損は第５図の
ように高い傾向を示している。そして、この圧損の結果
に基づいた流層逆洗の必要頻度は、濾過速度６ｍ／時（
１４４ｍ７日）の場合で２日に１回程度であることが記
載されている。In the explanation of the results of this implementation, although both BOD and SS were removed well, the pressure drop after 24 hours of water flow showed a tendency to be high as shown in FIG. Based on the results of this pressure drop, the required frequency of fluidized bed backwashing is determined by the filtration speed of 6 m/hour (
It is stated that in the case of 144 m 7 days), it is about once every two days.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
上記の従来技術においては、流層に充填する濾材は空隙
率が小さく、目詰まりする度合いが大きいため、流層の
逆洗は比較的短期間で実施しなけれならず、なお、改良
すべき余地がある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the above-mentioned conventional technology, the porosity of the filter medium filled in the fluid bed is small and the degree of clogging is large, so backwashing of the fluid bed must be carried out in a relatively short period of time. However, there is still room for improvement.
本発明は、上記の問題点を解決し、ＢＯＤ、ＳＳの除去
効率を損なうことなく、長時間の処理を継続することが
できる汚水処理装置を提供することを目的とする。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a sewage treatment device that can continue treatment for a long time without impairing the removal efficiency of BOD and SS.
［課題を解決するための手段］
上記の目的を達成するために、本発明の汚水処理装置に
おいては、処理槽内に濾層を備え、この流層に着生する
微生物に酸素を供給するための曝気用散気器を備えた汚
水処理装置において、前記流層を上部濾層および下部濾
層の二つに区分し、前記上部濾層には合成樹脂よりなり
表面に凹凸を有し比重が１．０以上１．２以下、直径が
５翳藤〜２０重−１長さが０，３〜５倍の筒状濾材を充
填している。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the sewage treatment apparatus of the present invention includes a filter layer in the treatment tank, and a filter layer for supplying oxygen to microorganisms that grow in this flow layer. In a sewage treatment equipment equipped with an aeration diffuser, the flow layer is divided into an upper filter layer and a lower filter layer, and the upper filter layer is made of synthetic resin and has an uneven surface and a specific gravity. It is filled with a cylindrical filter medium of 1.0 to 1.2 and a diameter of 5 to 20 weights and a length of 0.3 to 5 times.
この装置における曝気用散気器の配置例としては、下部
濾層の下部に配置する場合、あるいは上部濾層の下部に
配置する場合などがある。Examples of the arrangement of the aeration diffuser in this device include placing it below the lower filter layer or below the upper filter layer.
［作用］
前述のように、生物膜濾過においては、生物処理による
ＢＯＤ成分の除去と同時にＳＳの除去（濾過）が行われ
る６本発明の装置においては、生物処理と濾過を共に効
率よ〈実施することを図っている。[Function] As mentioned above, in biofilm filtration, SS is removed (filtrated) at the same time as the BOD component is removed by biological treatment. I am trying to do that.
まず、濾過によるＳＳの除去について説明する０粒径の
小さい粒状濾材を充填した流層は、ＳＳの捕捉率はよく
、微細なＳＳをも除去できるが、流層が目詰まりする度
合いが大きく、長時間の濾過継続はできない、しかし、
ＳＳが低濃度の場合には長時間の濾過継続が可能となる
。そこで、本発明においては、二つの異なる濾材を使用
し、筒状濾材を充填した上部濾層と粒状濾材を充填した
下部ＩＪｔｌとによって濾層を構成している。First, to explain the removal of SS by filtration, a fluid bed filled with a small granular filter medium of zero particle size has a good SS capture rate and can remove even minute SS, but the fluid bed is clogged to a large degree. It is not possible to continue filtration for a long time, but
When the SS concentration is low, filtration can be continued for a long time. Therefore, in the present invention, two different filter media are used, and the filter layer is composed of an upper filter layer filled with a cylindrical filter material and a lower IJtl filled with a granular filter material.
上部濾層においては、原水の粗濾過を行って大部分のＳ
Ｓを除去し、低ＳＳ濃度の水にして下部濾層に送る作用
をなす。下部濾層では、上部濾層で除去できずに残留し
ているＳＳを捕捉ものである。従って、粒状濾材を充填
した下部濾層の負荷が著しく軽減される。このように、
本発明における濾層は、主として粗濾過の機能を有する
上部濾層と、微細なＳＳをも除去する仕上げ濾過の機能
を有する下部濾層を組み合わせた構成になっている。In the upper filter layer, most of the S is removed by rough filtration of the raw water.
It functions to remove S and make water with a low SS concentration and send it to the lower filter layer. The lower filter layer captures the remaining SS that could not be removed by the upper filter layer. Therefore, the load on the lower filter layer filled with granular filter media is significantly reduced. in this way,
The filter layer in the present invention has a combination of an upper filter layer mainly having a coarse filtration function and a lower filter layer having a finish filtration function to remove even fine SS.
筒状濾材は粗濾過の機能を持たせるために使用するもの
であるが、優れた濾過性能をも有している。筒状濾材は
中空であると共に表面が凹凸になっており、空隙率およ
び比表面積が大きい、この濾材を使用すると、比表面積
が大きいのでＳＳの捕捉が容易に行われ、高いＳＳ除去
率が得られる、また、空隙率が大きいのでＳＳの捕捉は
濾層全体で行われ、ＳＳの捕捉容量が大きい、さらに、
空隙率が大きいので濾層の圧損が上昇する度合いが小さ
く、長時間の濾過継続ができる。上記のような機能を有
する上部流層、下部流層による濾層の構成は、粒径分布
の幅が広いＳＳを含む原水を処理する場合において特に
効率的である。この場合、粒径の大きいＳＳは主として
上部濾層で除去され、上部濾層で除去できなかった主と
して粒径の小さいＳＳは下部濾層で除去されるので、下
部濾層の目詰まりは一層軽減される。The cylindrical filter medium is used to provide a coarse filtration function, but it also has excellent filtration performance. The cylindrical filter medium is hollow and has an uneven surface, and has a large porosity and specific surface area. When this filter medium is used, the large specific surface area makes it easy to capture SS, resulting in a high SS removal rate. In addition, since the porosity is large, SS capture is performed throughout the filter layer, and the SS capture capacity is large.Furthermore,
Since the porosity is large, the degree of increase in pressure loss in the filter layer is small, and filtration can be continued for a long time. The structure of the filter layer including the upper flow layer and the lower flow layer having the above-mentioned functions is particularly efficient when treating raw water containing SS with a wide particle size distribution. In this case, SS with large particle size is mainly removed in the upper filter layer, and SS with small particle size that could not be removed in the upper filter layer is removed in the lower filter layer, so clogging of the lower filter layer is further reduced. be done.
次に、生物処理について説明する。前述のように、粒状
濾材は微細なＳＳを除去するために使用する必要がある
。しかし、生物処理においては、粒状濾材は比表面積が
小さいので微生物の付着量が少なく、従って、流層内の
微生物濃度が低く、ＢＯＤ負荷を上げることができない
、この粒状濾材の処理能力を補うために、筒状濾材を充
填した上部濾層が設けられている。Next, biological treatment will be explained. As mentioned above, granular filter media should be used to remove fine SS. However, in biological treatment, since the specific surface area of granular filter media is small, the amount of microorganisms adhering to it is small, and therefore the concentration of microorganisms in the flow layer is low, making it impossible to increase the BOD load. An upper filter layer filled with a cylindrical filter medium is provided.
上部濾層に充填する筒状濾材は、比表面積が大きいので
微生物が付着し易く、また多量に付着する。また、中空
であるので空気を保持する能力が大きく、微生物の活動
が活発になってＢＯＤ成分の処理効率が向上する。Since the cylindrical filter medium filled in the upper filter layer has a large specific surface area, microorganisms easily adhere to it, and a large amount of microorganisms adhere thereto. In addition, since it is hollow, it has a large ability to retain air, which increases the activity of microorganisms and improves the processing efficiency of BOD components.
筒状濾材は比重１．０以上１．２以下のものを使用する
が、その比重は、濾層の逆洗を効率よ〈実施するためで
あり、原水の比重より大きく、下部濾層に充填する粒状
濾材の比重より小さい範囲に定めている６本発明の装置
に充填する濾材は浸漬した状態で使用するので、その比
重は少なくと６１．０以上である必要がある。濾層の逆
洗に際しては、濾材を激しく流動させれば、濾材からの
ＳＳの剥離は容易であり、逆洗を短時間で終了させるこ
とができる。このため、筒状濾材の比重の上限はできる
だけ小さくした方が逆洗時の動力の節減となる。また、
本発明における濾層は、上部濾層と下部濾層との間に仕
切りがなく、二つの異なる濾材が接して充填されている
。このため、濾層の逆洗終了時には、筒状濾材と粒状濾
材とを上下２層に分離させなければならず、筒状濾材の
比重は少なくとも粒状濾材の比重より小さいことを要す
る。従って、逆洗終了時における上記両濾材の分離、お
よび逆洗時の流動化の双方を勘案し、筒状濾材の比重の
上限は１．２とした。The cylindrical filter medium used has a specific gravity of 1.0 or more and 1.2 or less, but the specific gravity is higher than the specific gravity of raw water and is used to efficiently backwash the filter layer. 6. Since the filter medium filled in the apparatus of the present invention is used in a immersed state, its specific gravity must be at least 61.0. When backwashing the filter layer, if the filter medium is vigorously fluidized, SS can be easily peeled off from the filter medium, and backwashing can be completed in a short time. Therefore, it is better to reduce the upper limit of the specific gravity of the cylindrical filter medium as much as possible to save power during backwashing. Also,
In the filter layer of the present invention, there is no partition between the upper filter layer and the lower filter layer, and two different filter media are filled in contact with each other. For this reason, when the backwashing of the filter layer is completed, the cylindrical filter medium and the granular filter medium must be separated into two layers, upper and lower, and the specific gravity of the cylindrical filter medium must be at least smaller than the specific gravity of the granular filter medium. Therefore, the upper limit of the specific gravity of the cylindrical filter medium was set to 1.2, taking into consideration both the separation of the above-mentioned filter media at the end of backwashing and the fluidization during backwashing.
第３図は本発明の装置の上部濾層に充填する筒状濾材の
一例を模式的に示した図である。この筒状濾材２０は、
ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリスチレンなどの合
成樹脂よりなり、形状は筒状である。また、この筒状濾
材２０は発泡体であり、表面には多数の凹凸を有し、そ
の表面は粗面となっている。特に凹部２１は発泡時に形
成された不定形の孔であり、筒状濾材２０の比表面積を
増大させている。筒状濾材の大きさは、上部濾層が粗濾
過の機能を有するものであるため、下部濾層に充填する
粒状濾材より大きいことを要し、径ｄが５■置〜２０ｍ
ｍ程度、長さｌはρ／ｄで示せば０．３〜５程度の範囲
である。下部濾層に充填する粒状濾材の粒径との関係か
らすれば、筒状濾材２０の径ｄは５龍以上である必要が
あり、径ｄが２０ｍｍを超えとＳＳの除去率が低下する
。１／ｄについては、０．３未満では、使用時の各種数
り扱いにおいて破損することがある。ρ／ｄが５を超え
ると、中空部２２内への流体の流通が悪くなって酸素の
供給が不十分になって微生物の活動を阻害し、また、濾
層の充填密度が小さくなってＳＳの除去率が低下する。FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a cylindrical filter medium to be filled in the upper filter layer of the apparatus of the present invention. This cylindrical filter medium 20 is
It is made of synthetic resin such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polystyrene, and has a cylindrical shape. Moreover, this cylindrical filter medium 20 is a foamed body, and has many irregularities on the surface, and the surface is rough. In particular, the recesses 21 are irregularly shaped holes formed during foaming, and increase the specific surface area of the cylindrical filter medium 20. Since the upper filter layer has a coarse filtration function, the size of the cylindrical filter medium must be larger than the granular filter medium filled in the lower filter layer, and the diameter d should be 5 cm to 20 m.
m, and the length l is in the range of about 0.3 to 5 when expressed as ρ/d. Considering the relationship with the particle size of the granular filter medium filled in the lower filter layer, the diameter d of the cylindrical filter medium 20 needs to be 5 mm or more, and if the diameter d exceeds 20 mm, the SS removal rate will decrease. Regarding 1/d, if it is less than 0.3, it may be damaged during various handling during use. When ρ/d exceeds 5, the flow of fluid into the hollow portion 22 becomes poor and oxygen supply becomes insufficient, inhibiting the activity of microorganisms, and the packing density of the filter layer decreases, resulting in SS Removal rate decreases.
なお、本発明において使用可能な筒状濾材は上記の形状
に限定されるものではなく、断面形状が多角形のもの、
あるいは楕円形のものでもよい。Note that the cylindrical filter media that can be used in the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned shapes, but include those with a polygonal cross-sectional shape,
Or it may be oval.
また、表面の凹凸は発泡によるものが最もよいが、機械
的に切削したものなどでも使用できる。The surface irregularities are best formed by foaming, but mechanically cut ones can also be used.
［実施例］
第１図は本発明の一実施例を模式的に示した断面図であ
る。処理槽１内に濾層２を備えており、この濾層２には
異なる二つの濾材が充填され、上部濾層２ａ、下部濾層
２ｂを形成している。上部濾層２ａには第３図に示した
筒状濾材が充填され、下部濾層２ｂには粒状濾材が充填
されている０粒状濾材は、比重が１．２を超え２．７以
下の粒子である。具体的な粒状濾材としては、アンスラ
サイト、砂、砂利、シャモット（膨張頁岩）活性炭、セ
ラミックスなどの天然または人工の濾材から選定した１
種または２種以上を使用する。[Example] FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing an example of the present invention. A filter layer 2 is provided in the processing tank 1, and this filter layer 2 is filled with two different filter media to form an upper filter layer 2a and a lower filter layer 2b. The upper filter layer 2a is filled with a cylindrical filter medium shown in FIG. 3, and the lower filter layer 2b is filled with a granular filter medium. It is. Specific granular filter media include one selected from natural or artificial filter media such as anthracite, sand, gravel, chamotte (expanded shale) activated carbon, and ceramics.
Use one or more species.
粒状濾材の粒径は処理する原水の水質（特にＳＳの粒径
分布）および処理水の目標によって決定されるが、通常
的０．３ｍｍ〜１０ｍｍの範囲である。The particle size of the granular filter medium is determined by the quality of the raw water to be treated (particularly the particle size distribution of SS) and the target of the treated water, but is usually in the range of 0.3 mm to 10 mm.
下部流層２ｂに２種以上の粒状濾材を充填する場合とし
ては、例えば、下側に砂を充填し、その上にアンスラサ
イト（比重は約１．６で砂と前記筒状濾材の中間）を充
填し、その粒径を砂と筒状濾材との中間の大きさにすれ
ば、濾層２全体がＳＳを粒度別に捕捉できる３層構造と
なり、効率的な濾過を行うことができる。When filling the lower flow layer 2b with two or more types of granular filter media, for example, the lower side is filled with sand, and anthracite (specific gravity of about 1.6, between the sand and the cylindrical filter media) is placed on top of it. By filling the SS with a particle size intermediate between that of sand and a cylindrical filter medium, the entire filter layer 2 becomes a three-layer structure capable of capturing SS according to particle size, and efficient filtration can be performed.
濾層２の下端には、多孔板、格子などの形状をなし、実
質的に通水抵抗が殆どない濾層保持材３を備え、濾層２
を担持している。なお、濾層保持材３の代わりに処理槽
１の底部に支持砂利を充填してもよい、処理槽１には各
種の配管が接続されており、その上方には原水流入管４
が、底部には処理水抜き出し管５が配管され、原水が処
理されて排出する流路が形成されている。また下部流層
２ｂの下部に挿入され濾層２に着生した微生物に酸素を
供給するための曝気用散気器６を備え、この曝気用散気
器６には曝気用空気供給管７が接続されている。そして
、濾層２の逆洗時に使用する手段として、処理槽１の底
部には、濾層保持板３下方に設けた逆洗用散気器８とこ
れに接続させた逆洗用空気供給管９および逆洗水供給管
１０を備えている。また、処理槽１の上部には、逆洗排
水管１１を備えている。なお、上部濾層２ａに充填する
筒状濾材は比重が小さいので、濾層２の逆洗時に流出す
ることがあり、処理槽１上部の逆洗排水流出部近傍にス
クリーン（図示せず）を設けることが望ましい。The lower end of the filter layer 2 is provided with a filter layer holding material 3 in the shape of a perforated plate, a lattice, etc., which has virtually no resistance to water flow.
is carried. In addition, supporting gravel may be filled in the bottom of the treatment tank 1 instead of the filter layer holding material 3. Various types of piping are connected to the treatment tank 1, and a raw water inflow pipe 4 is connected above it.
However, a treated water extraction pipe 5 is installed at the bottom to form a flow path through which the raw water is treated and discharged. It also includes an aeration diffuser 6 inserted into the lower part of the lower flow layer 2b to supply oxygen to the microorganisms that have grown on the filter layer 2, and this aeration diffuser 6 has an aeration air supply pipe 7. It is connected. As a means for backwashing the filter layer 2, the bottom of the treatment tank 1 includes a backwash air diffuser 8 provided below the filter layer holding plate 3 and a backwash air supply pipe connected to the diffuser 8. 9 and a backwash water supply pipe 10. Further, the upper part of the treatment tank 1 is provided with a backwash drain pipe 11. Note that the cylindrical filter material filled in the upper filter layer 2a has a low specific gravity, so it may flow out when the filter layer 2 is backwashed, so a screen (not shown) is installed near the backwash wastewater outlet in the upper part of the treatment tank 1. It is desirable to provide one.
この装置による処理について説明すると、原水流入管４
から原水を流入させ、曝気用散気器６がら空気を散気し
なから濾層２に通水する。原水は、濾層２を通過する間
にＢＯＤが分解されると共に、ＳＳが捕捉されて除去さ
れ、低ＢＯＤ濃度、低ＳＳ濃度の処理水となり、処理水
抜き出し管５から排出する。To explain the processing by this device, raw water inflow pipe 4
Raw water is introduced from the tank, diffused with air by an aeration diffuser 6, and then passed through the filter layer 2. While the raw water passes through the filter layer 2, BOD is decomposed and SS is captured and removed, resulting in treated water with a low BOD concentration and low SS concentration, which is discharged from the treated water extraction pipe 5.
濾層２の逆洗を行う場合、原水の通水を中断し、逆洗用
散気器８がら空気を吹き込み、濾層２に付着しているＳ
Ｓを剥離して水中に懸濁させる。次いで、逆洗水供給管
１０から逆洗水を導入して流層２中の懸濁水を排出する
。When backwashing the filter layer 2, the flow of raw water is interrupted, air is blown through the backwash diffuser 8, and the S attached to the filter layer 2 is removed.
Peel off the S and suspend it in water. Next, backwash water is introduced from the backwash water supply pipe 10 to discharge suspended water in the fluid layer 2.
第２図は本発明の他の実施例を模式的に示した断面図で
ある。第２図において、第１図と同じ構成部分について
は同一の符号を付し説明を省略する。また、この装置の
操作は第１図の装置と基本的に同じであるので、その説
明を省略する０本実施例においては、曝気用散気器６が
上部濾層２ａの下部に配置されている。この装置を使用
した場合、下部流層２ｂには空気が散気されなくなるが
、下部濾ＩＷ２ｂを通過する原水中には溶存酸素が含ま
れており、下部流層２ｂの微生物に対する酸素の供給は
なされる。この曝気用散気器６の配置は、特に下水二次
処理水の高度処理などＢＯＤ成分濃度が低い原水の処理
に適する。この配置によれば、曝気用空気の圧力が下部
流層２ｂの抵抗分だけ低くてよく、動力の節減となる。FIG. 2 is a sectional view schematically showing another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the same components as in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and explanations thereof will be omitted. In addition, since the operation of this device is basically the same as that of the device shown in FIG. 1, the explanation thereof will be omitted. There is. When this device is used, air is no longer diffused into the lower flow layer 2b, but the raw water passing through the lower flow filtration IW2b contains dissolved oxygen, and no oxygen is supplied to the microorganisms in the lower flow layer 2b. It will be done. This arrangement of the aeration diffuser 6 is particularly suitable for the treatment of raw water with a low concentration of BOD components, such as advanced treatment of secondary treated sewage water. According to this arrangement, the pressure of the aeration air can be lowered by the resistance of the lower flow layer 2b, resulting in power savings.
次に、処理実験結果について説明する。Next, processing experiment results will be explained.
（実施例１）
内径５ｃｍ、高さ２．５ｍのアクリル樹脂製の処理槽に
、下部流層として、粒径３〜７−麿のアンスラサイトを
５００１１充填し、その上に、上部濾層として、第３図
に示した形状で、比重１．０２、径１０＋ｕ＋、長さ１
０龍の発泡ポリプロピレンの筒状濾材を５０ｃｍ充填し
、濾層の構成を第１図の装置と同じ構成にした。(Example 1) An acrylic resin treatment tank with an inner diameter of 5 cm and a height of 2.5 m was filled with 50,011 pieces of anthracite with a particle size of 3 to 7 mm as a lower flow layer, and on top of that as an upper filter layer. , with the shape shown in Figure 3, specific gravity 1.02, diameter 10+u+, length 1
A 50 cm cylindrical filter medium made of foamed polypropylene was filled, and the structure of the filter layer was the same as that of the apparatus shown in FIG.
この装置を使用し、下水−次処理水の処理実験を行った
。濾過速度は６０ｍ／日で行った。なお、比較例として
、粒径３〜７臘貫のアンスラサイトを１００Ｃ１１充填
した実験も同時に実施した。これらの結果は第１表に示
す。Using this device, an experiment was conducted to treat sewage and subsequent treated water. The filtration speed was 60 m/day. As a comparative example, an experiment in which 100C11 of anthracite with a particle size of 3 to 7 mm was filled was also carried out at the same time. These results are shown in Table 1.
第１表
実験結果
（−次処理水）
第２表
実験結果
（二次処理水）
濾過時間；圧損が１１００１１Ｈ２０になるまでの時間
第１表において、ＢＯＤ成分およびＳＳの除去について
は、本発明は従来技術に対しやや優る程度であるが、濾
過時間については、本発明では２２日間連続して濾過が
できたが、従来技術では１日で圧損が所定値まで上昇し
、濾層の逆洗が必要となった。Table 1 Experimental Results (-Secondly Treated Water) Table 2 Experimental Results (Secondary Treated Water) Filtration time: Time until pressure drop reaches 110011H20 In Table 1, regarding the removal of BOD components and SS, the present invention Regarding the filtration time, the present invention was able to perform filtration for 22 consecutive days, which is slightly better than the conventional technology, but with the conventional technology, the pressure drop rose to a predetermined value in one day, and the backwashing of the filter layer was difficult. It became necessary.
（実施例２）
実施例１と同じ装置を使用し、同様の条件で下水二次処
理水の処理実験を行った。但し、濾過速度は１２０ｍ／
日で行った。この結果を第２表に示す。(Example 2) Using the same apparatus as in Example 1, a treatment experiment for secondary treated sewage water was conducted under the same conditions. However, the filtration speed is 120m/
I went there in a day. The results are shown in Table 2.
濾過時間；圧損が１１０ｃｌＩＨ２０になるまでの時間
第２表において、結果は実施例１の場合と全く同様の傾
向であり、本発明の濾過時間は１４日で、従来技術の７
日に対し２倍であった。Filtration time: time until the pressure drop reaches 110clIH20 In Table 2, the results show exactly the same tendency as in Example 1, and the filtration time of the present invention is 14 days, compared to 7 days of the prior art.
It was twice as high as the day.
［発明の効果］
本発明による装置の濾層は上部４層と下部濾層によって
構成されており、上部４層には粗濾過を目的とした筒状
濾材が充填され、下部流層には微細なＳＳをも除去でき
る粒状濾材が充填されているので、上部濾層においてＳ
Ｓの大部分が除去され、下部流層の負荷を著しく軽減す
る。このため、濾過継続を決定付ける下部流層の圧損上
昇の度合いが小さくなる。さらに、筒状濾材は表面に凹
凸を有しているので、微生物が付着し易く生物処理能力
が大きい、この結果、ＢＯＤ＝ ＳＳの除去効率を損な
うことなく、大きな濾過速度で長時間の濾過を継続する
ことができる。[Effects of the Invention] The filter layer of the device according to the present invention is composed of four upper layers and a lower filter layer. Since it is filled with granular filter media that can remove even SS, the upper filter layer
Most of the S is removed, significantly reducing the load on the lower flow layer. Therefore, the degree of increase in pressure drop in the lower flow layer, which determines whether or not to continue filtration, is reduced. Furthermore, since the cylindrical filter medium has irregularities on its surface, it is easy for microorganisms to adhere to it and has a high biological treatment capacity.As a result, it can perform filtration for a long time at a high filtration speed without compromising the removal efficiency of BOD = SS. Can be continued.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を模式的に示した断面図、第
２図は本発明の他の実施例を模式的に示した断面図、第
３図は本発明の装置の上部４層に充填する筒状濾材の一
実施例を模式的に示した図、第４図は従来の汚水処理装
置の説明図、第５図は従来の汚水処理装置における圧損
の測定結果を示す図である。
１・・・処理槽、２・・・濾層、２ａ・・・上部濾層、
２ｂ・・・下部流層、４・・・原水流入管、５・・・処
理水抜き出し管５６・・・曝気用散気器、２０・・・筒
状濾材、２１・・・凹部、２２・・・中空部。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional sewage treatment device, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing measurement results of pressure drop in a conventional sewage treatment device. be. 1... Processing tank, 2... Filter layer, 2a... Upper filter layer,
2b... Lower flow layer, 4... Raw water inflow pipe, 5... Treated water extraction pipe 56... Aeration diffuser, 20... Tubular filter medium, 21... Concavity, 22... ...Hollow part.
Claims (3)
物に酸素を供給するための曝気用散気器を備えた汚水処
理装置において、前記濾層を上部濾層および下部濾層の
二つに区分し、前記上部濾層には合成樹脂よりなり表面
に凹凸を有し比重が１．０以上１．２以下、直径が５ｍ
ｍ〜２０ｍｍ、長さが直径の０．３〜５．０倍の筒状濾
材を充填したことを特徴とする汚水処理装置。(1) In a sewage treatment equipment equipped with a filter layer in the treatment tank and an aeration diffuser for supplying oxygen to microorganisms that grow on the filter layer, the filter layer is separated into an upper filter layer and a lower filter layer. The upper filter layer is made of synthetic resin, has an uneven surface, has a specific gravity of 1.0 or more and 1.2 or less, and has a diameter of 5 m.
A sewage treatment device characterized by being filled with a cylindrical filter medium having a length of 0.3 to 5.0 times the diameter and a length of 0.3 to 5.0 times the diameter.
請求項１記載の汚水処理装置。(2) The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the aeration diffuser is arranged below the lower filter layer.
請求項１記載の汚水処理装置。(3) The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the aeration diffuser is arranged below the upper filter layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP899689A JPH02191594A (en) | 1989-01-20 | 1989-01-20 | Sewage treating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP899689A JPH02191594A (en) | 1989-01-20 | 1989-01-20 | Sewage treating device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02191594A true JPH02191594A (en) | 1990-07-27 |
Family
ID=11727185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP899689A Pending JPH02191594A (en) | 1989-01-20 | 1989-01-20 | Sewage treating device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02191594A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04171090A (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1992-06-18 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Biological treating method and device for organic waste liquid |
| JPH04197493A (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-07-17 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for filtering sewage |
| JPH04284897A (en) * | 1991-03-14 | 1992-10-09 | Nanyou Kyokai | Gas-liquid contacting method |
| JPH0647397A (en) * | 1992-07-17 | 1994-02-22 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Biological nitrifying and denitrifing apparatus |
| JPH0671290A (en) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-03-15 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Sewage treatment equipment using packed layer |
| CN100434370C (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2008-11-19 | 青岛赛尔环境保护有限公司 | Composite biofilter |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61245895A (en) * | 1985-04-23 | 1986-11-01 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Filter material for fluid filter |
| JPS61271089A (en) * | 1985-05-25 | 1986-12-01 | Hitachi Plant Eng & Constr Co Ltd | Filter for waste water using immobilized microorganism |
-
1989
- 1989-01-20 JP JP899689A patent/JPH02191594A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61245895A (en) * | 1985-04-23 | 1986-11-01 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Filter material for fluid filter |
| JPS61271089A (en) * | 1985-05-25 | 1986-12-01 | Hitachi Plant Eng & Constr Co Ltd | Filter for waste water using immobilized microorganism |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04171090A (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1992-06-18 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Biological treating method and device for organic waste liquid |
| JPH04197493A (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-07-17 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for filtering sewage |
| JPH04284897A (en) * | 1991-03-14 | 1992-10-09 | Nanyou Kyokai | Gas-liquid contacting method |
| JPH0647397A (en) * | 1992-07-17 | 1994-02-22 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Biological nitrifying and denitrifing apparatus |
| JPH0671290A (en) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-03-15 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Sewage treatment equipment using packed layer |
| CN100434370C (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2008-11-19 | 青岛赛尔环境保护有限公司 | Composite biofilter |
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