JP2879897B2 - Method and apparatus for removing suspended matter using expanded plastic particles - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for removing suspended matter using expanded plastic particlesInfo
- Publication number
- JP2879897B2 JP2879897B2 JP63277281A JP27728188A JP2879897B2 JP 2879897 B2 JP2879897 B2 JP 2879897B2 JP 63277281 A JP63277281 A JP 63277281A JP 27728188 A JP27728188 A JP 27728188A JP 2879897 B2 JP2879897 B2 JP 2879897B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- average particle
- water
- particle size
- sewage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は発泡プラスチック粒子集合体によって水中の
懸濁汚染物質を除去する方法及び装置に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for removing suspended contaminants in water using an aggregate of expanded plastic particles.
［従来の技術］ 粒子の集合体を濾材及び浄化微生物担体として用いる
液体の浄化法は、例えば特公昭56−6324号、特公昭63−
85号等で知られている。また球形の多孔質人工石粒子の
集合体を使用する汚水の浄化が「用水と排水」1987年Vo
l.29,No.1（産業用水調査会）に記載されている。また
アンスラサイトを使用する汚水浄化も知られている。[Prior Art] A liquid purification method using an aggregate of particles as a filter medium and a purification microorganism carrier is described in, for example, JP-B-56-6324 and JP-B-63-63.
Known as No. 85. Purification of sewage using an aggregate of spherical porous artificial stone particles is called "Water and wastewater" in 1987 Vo
l.29, No. 1 (Industrial Water Research Committee). Sewage purification using anthracite is also known.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ 粒子の集合体を濾材として用いることは、濾材が汚染
物で目詰まりしたときに、濾材を逆洗又は浄化するのが
容易であり、かつ濾材の表面積を非常に大きくすること
が可能であり、浄化微生物の担体ともなりうるという利
点を有している。しかし、汚染物質には種々のものが含
まれており、特に懸濁固体汚染物質を濾過により除去し
て、汚水の懸濁固形分を効率的に下げることは、材料の
選択がむつかしくなかなか容易なことではない。また、
上記の多孔質人工石粒子やアンスラサイト粒子は、無機
多孔質であるために非常にもろく、逆洗等により破壊さ
れて粒径が変りやすく長持ちせず、また気孔率や比重を
思いのままの値になるように製造するわけにはいかな
い。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Using an aggregate of particles as a filter medium makes it easy to backwash or purify the filter medium when the filter medium is clogged with contaminants, and to increase the surface area of the filter medium. It has the advantage that it can be used as a carrier for purified microorganisms. However, various types of contaminants are included.Especially, it is difficult to select suspended materials by removing suspended solid contaminants by filtration and efficiently reducing suspended solids in wastewater. Not that. Also,
The above-mentioned porous artificial stone particles and anthracite particles are very fragile because they are inorganic porous, they are destroyed by backwashing and the like, and the particle size tends to change and do not last long, and the porosity and specific gravity can be set as desired. It cannot be manufactured to a value.
［問題を解決する手段］ 本発明者は、汚水を粒子集合体中を通過させて浄化す
る場合に、粒子として平均粒径0.1〜20mmの発泡プラス
チックビーズ、又は軟質プラスチック発泡体粉砕物又は
切断物粒子を用いると、汚水中の懸濁汚染物質が極めて
効率良く除去出来ること、しかも粒子はもろくなく、何
回もの逆洗に耐え、非常に長持ちすることを発見し、本
発明を完成するに至った。[Means for Solving the Problem] The present inventor has found that, when purifying sewage by passing through a particle aggregate, foamed plastic beads having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 20 mm, or crushed or cut soft plastic foam as particles. Using the particles, it was found that the suspended contaminants in the sewage could be removed very efficiently, and the particles were not brittle, could withstand multiple backwashes, and were very durable, and completed the present invention. Was.
本発明で懸濁汚染物質とは文字通り水に溶解していな
い固体汚染物質であって、単純濾過によって除去出来る
ものを言う。非溶解性有機汚染物質は溶解物同様BOD及
びCODの原因となる物質であり、濾過によって粒子集合
体の表面上で保持されて覗かれ、浄化された後の処理水
のBOD及びCODは著しく減少される。In the present invention, the suspended contaminants are literally solid contaminants that are not dissolved in water and can be removed by simple filtration. Non-soluble organic contaminants are substances that cause BOD and COD as well as dissolved matter, and the BOD and COD of the treated water after purification are significantly reduced by being retained on the surface of the particle aggregate and peeped. Is done.
本発明の粒子集合体は不溶解物に対して濾過帯域とな
り、また多少は好気的及び嫌気的に有機物を分解する浄
化微生物の担体としての役割をなすものである。粒子集
合体はバラバラの粒子が単に集っただけのものであっ
て、特に結合しあったり、からみあったりしていなくて
もよい。しかし、適度な力を加えてバラバラに出来る程
度であれば粒子間がある程度固定されてもよい。また、
汚水中で浮動状態の互に移動可能な粒子集合体でも良
い。The particle aggregate of the present invention serves as a filtration zone for insolubles, and also serves as a carrier for purified microorganisms that decompose organic substances somewhat aerobically and anaerobically. The particle aggregate is simply a collection of discrete particles and need not be particularly bound or entangled. However, the particles may be fixed to some extent as long as they can be separated by applying an appropriate force. Also,
It is also possible to use a particle aggregate that is movable in sewage in a floating state.
粒子の平均粒径は0.1〜20mmであり、20mmより大きな
粒径の粒子では懸濁固体の良好な浄化効率をあげること
が出来ない。また0.1mm未満では目詰りを起こしやす
い。The average particle size of the particles is 0.1 to 20 mm, and particles having a particle size larger than 20 mm cannot improve the purification efficiency of suspended solids. If it is less than 0.1 mm, clogging is likely to occur.
粒子集合体中の粒の形状は良好な浄化効率をあげるた
めには不定型であるのが好ましい。粒子形状が球形等の
定形である場合には粒子集合体中に水みちを生じてしま
い、そこから汚水が高速で流出し、浄化効率が悪くなり
がちである。また、同様の理由で粒子集合体中の粒寸法
は不揃いであるのが好ましい。The shape of the particles in the particle aggregate is preferably indefinite in order to improve the purification efficiency. If the particle shape is a fixed shape such as a spherical shape, water particles will be formed in the particle aggregate, from which wastewater flows out at high speed, and purification efficiency tends to deteriorate. For the same reason, it is preferable that the particle size in the particle aggregate is not uniform.
粒子集合体の各粒子は発泡ビーズ（例えば発泡ポリス
チレンビーズ）又は軟質のプラスチック発泡体粉砕物又
は切断物でなければならない。硬質プラスチック粒子で
発泡しないものを用いると、表面への固体汚染物質の不
着が悪くなる。但し、目詰りをなくし、逆洗を効果的に
行なうには、軟質であっても形状がそこなわれないもの
でなくてはならない。発泡プラスチックは独立気泡でも
連続気泡でもよいが、発泡ビーズ又は発泡体粉砕物又は
切断物であることによって表面に多数の凹凸が生じてお
り、汚水との接触表面が大きくなったものでなければな
らない。独立気泡の発泡プラスチック体をランダムに粉
砕して生じた粒子は特に好ましい。Each particle of the particle aggregate must be expanded beads (eg expanded polystyrene beads) or soft plastic foam crushed or cut. The use of hard plastic particles that do not foam reduces the adhesion of solid contaminants to the surface. However, in order to eliminate clogging and effectively perform backwashing, the material must be soft but not degraded in shape. The foamed plastic may be closed-cell or open-cell, but it must have a large number of irregularities on the surface due to being foam beads or foam crushed or cut, and a large contact surface with sewage. . Particles formed by randomly pulverizing a closed-cell foamed plastic body are particularly preferred.
粒子集合体全体としての空間率は発泡ポリスチレンビ
ーズで約98％程度迄であり、それ以外は通常は50〜90％
であるのが好ましいが、空間率が低い程粒子のコストが
かかり、また空間率90％を越える場合には、空間率が高
い程浄化効率は悪くなる。The porosity of the whole particle aggregate is up to about 98% for expanded polystyrene beads, and otherwise 50 to 90%
However, the lower the porosity, the higher the cost of the particles. If the porosity exceeds 90%, the higher the porosity, the lower the purification efficiency.
汚水を粒子集合体中を通過させる方法としては例えば
以下の方法がある。As a method of passing sewage through the particle aggregate, for example, there is the following method.
1.粒子集合体の上から汚水を単に注ぐ。1. Simply pour the sewage over the particle aggregate.
2.上昇、下降又は水平方向に静に流れる、汚水の流路又
は汚水が移動する滞留容器中に粒子集合体の帯域を設け
る。2. Provide a zone of particle aggregates in the flow path of sewage, or a stagnant vessel in which sewage moves, which flows up, down, or flows statically in the horizontal direction.
2.の粒子集合体の帯域を設ける方法としては例えば以
下の方法がある。As a method of providing the band of the particle aggregate of the item 2, for example, there is the following method.
イ．帯域の片側又は両側を金網等で閉じ、粒子が移動出
来ないようにする。I. One or both sides of the band are closed with a wire mesh or the like so that particles cannot move.
ロ．粒子の比重を汚水より軽くし、上昇又は下降する汚
水の流路中で金網等の下に浮せ、流路と別に上方と下方
に汚水物除去口を設けるか、又は汚水処理タンクの汚水
水面に粒子集合体を浮せ、そこに汚水を注ぐ。B. Make the specific gravity of the particles lighter than the sewage, float it under a wire mesh etc. in the ascending or descending sewage flow path, and provide sewage removal ports above and below separately from the flow path, or the sewage surface of the sewage treatment tank Float the particle aggregate and pour sewage there.
本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明する。 The present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples.
実施例１ 製紙水再利用 ポリプロピレン発泡体粒子を用いて水再利用の為に製
紙水（pH5.5）を浄化した。第１段に粒径15mmの粒子を2
mの高さに設けた垂直方向の浄化槽（0.1m径×4m高さ、
濾過のみ）、第２段に粒径2mmの粒子を1mの高さに設け
た垂直方向の浄化槽（1m径×1.5m高さ、濾過のみ）を用
い、2.5m/hの流速で流したとき、10日以上たっても配管
へのスライム付着はなく、第１段でスカムの2/3が除去
され、第２段でスカムの1/3が除去され、浄化槽の目詰
りも少なかった。種々の汚染物質の減少量を表に示す。Example 1 Papermaking water reuse Papermaking water (pH 5.5) was purified for water reuse using polypropylene foam particles. In the first stage, 2
m vertical septic tank (0.1m diameter x 4m height,
When filtration is performed at a flow rate of 2.5 m / h using a vertical septic tank (1 m diameter x 1.5 m height, filtration only) with 2 mm particles at the height of 1 m in the second stage. After 10 days, no slime adhered to the pipes, 2/3 of the scum was removed in the first stage, 1/3 of the scum was removed in the second stage, and the clogging of the septic tank was small. The reductions of various contaminants are shown in the table.
実施例２ 二段式単純濾過（厨房排水処理） 食用油の混入の多い汚水の為曝気すると油分の回収が
出来ないので第１段に平均粒径10mmのものの濾層1000mm
（流速8.8m/時）、第２段に平均粒径2mmのものの濾層80
0mm（流速4.2m/時）を用い曝気なしで単純濾過した。油
分、懸濁固体、CODの減少を以下に示す。 Example 2 Two-stage simple filtration (kitchen drainage treatment) Oil can not be recovered when aerated due to sewage containing a large amount of edible oil.
(Flow rate 8.8m / h), the second stage is a filter layer 80 with an average particle size of 2mm.
Simple filtration was performed without aeration using 0 mm (flow rate 4.2 m / hour). The reductions in oil, suspended solids and COD are shown below.
油分mg/l 懸濁固体mg/l CODmg/l 汚水 31.8 211.8 176.9 処理水 3.7 10.2 27.6 除去率 88.3％ 95.1％ 83.8％ 実施例３ 流速の変化の影響（印旛沼での水道原水処
理） 粒径15mmの発泡ポリプロピレン粒子集合体の濾層1000
mmに水道原水を下降流で種々の流速0.5〜7m/時で流し
た。沈降促進薬注入はしなかった。Oil content mg / l Suspended solid mg / l CODmg / l Sewage 31.8 211.8 176.9 Treated water 3.7 10.2 27.6 Removal rate 88.3% 95.1% 83.8% Example 3 Effect of change in flow rate (treatment of raw water at Inba-numa) Particle size 15mm Filter layer 1000 of aggregate of expanded polypropylene particles
Raw water from tap water was flowed down to a flow rate of 0.5 to 7 m / hr at various speeds. No sedimentation accelerator was injected.
下降流の為逆洗頻度を少なくすることが出来た。臭気
とトリハロメタン生成能は流速を下げることにより大幅
に除去できることが判った。 Due to the downward flow, the frequency of backwashing could be reduced. It was found that the odor and trihalomethane formation ability could be largely removed by reducing the flow rate.
実施例４ アオコの除去（霞ケ浦での水道原水処理） 直径200mm、高さ2000mmの浄化搭に濾層高さ800mmまで
平均直径2mmのポリプロピレン発泡体を詰め、上方に金
網を設けてその下に発泡体を浮せた状態で減水を上向流
で以下のａ）及びｂ）の条件で流した。Example 4 Removal of Blue Water (Treatment of tap water at Kasumigaura) A purification tower with a diameter of 200 mm and a height of 2000 mm was filled with a polypropylene foam having an average diameter of 2 mm up to a filter layer height of 800 mm, and a wire mesh was provided above and foamed below the wire mesh With the body floating, the water was reduced in the upward flow under the following conditions a) and b).
実施例５ 都心の公園でのアオコの回収 アオコ回収が砂濾過設備が目詰りで作動不能になった
為出来なくなった公園の池の水を、平均粒径2mmの発泡
ポリプロピレンを800mmの高さに詰めた1200mm径×2800m
m高さの処理装置に、上向流で10m/時の流速で流した
（液状硫酸バンド30mg/l使用）。その結果アオコはほぼ
完全に回収され、水質は以下の通りとなった。 Example 5 Recovery of algae in a park in a downtown park Water in a park pond that was not able to be recovered due to clogging of sand filtration equipment and inoperability due to clogging of the sand filter, foamed polypropylene with an average particle size of 2 mm to a height of 800 mm Packed 1200mm diameter x 2800m
The solution was flowed upward at a flow rate of 10 m / h through a processing apparatus having a height of m (using a liquid sulfuric acid band of 30 mg / l). As a result, the blue-green algae was almost completely recovered, and the water quality was as follows.
実施例７ 浚渫余水処理（霞ケ浦ヘドロ） 霞ケ浦採取のヘドロのうち、沼を２、ヘドロを１、砂
を１の割合で水道水に10倍希釈し、懸濁固体が5200mg/l
となるように試験用原水を準備した。 Example 7: Dredge spillage treatment (Kasumigaura sludge) Among the sludge collected from Kasumigaura, the swamp was diluted 10 times with tap water at a ratio of 2 for sludge and 1 for sand, and 5200 mg / l of suspended solids
The test raw water was prepared so that
貯槽で循環撹拌した後、単沈槽に送り、そこでポリプ
ロピレン発泡体粒子集合体を通過させる濾過を行なっ
た。After being circulated and stirred in the storage tank, the mixture was sent to a simple sedimentation tank, where filtration was performed to pass through an aggregate of polypropylene foam particles.
高濃度（懸濁固体5200mg/lの原水）の場合： 低能度（原水ヘドロ853mg/l、流速50〜100m/時、無薬剤
注入）で同様な試験を行なったとき、処理水懸濁固体濃
度は42.8mg/l（除去率95％）となった。In the case of high concentration (raw water of 5200mg / l suspended solid): When a similar test was performed with low efficiency (raw water sludge 853 mg / l, flow rate 50-100 m / h, drug-free injection), the concentration of the solid in the treated water suspension was 42.8 mg / l (removal rate 95%).
［本発明の効果］ 本発明の方法及び装置によって効率良い懸濁固体物質
の除去が可能であり、しかも使用する粒子は容易に目的
の発泡率、寸法のものが得られ、何度も逆洗しても長時
間使用してもこわれない。[Effects of the present invention] By the method and the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently remove suspended solid substances, and the particles to be used can easily obtain a target foaming ratio and size, and are repeatedly backwashed. It does not break even after long use.
Claims (2)
過させて浄化する方法に於て、該粒子がプラスチックを
発泡ビーズに形成した又はプラスチック発泡体を粉砕又
は切断してつくった、表面に微小凹凸を有する平均粒径
0.1〜20mmの粒子であること、そして各段階に於ける該
粒子の平均粒径が異なり、後方の段階ほど粒子集合体の
平均粒径が細かいことを特徴とする、原水中の懸濁汚染
物質除去方法。In a method of purifying raw water by passing it through a particle assembly in a plurality of stages, said particles are formed by forming plastic into foam beads or crushing or cutting plastic foam. , Average particle size with fine irregularities on the surface
Suspended contaminants in raw water, characterized in that the particles are 0.1 to 20 mm in size, and the average particle size of the particles in each stage is different, and the average particle size of the particle aggregate is smaller in the later stages Removal method.
粒子集合体帯域を複数有する浄化装置に於て、該粒子が
プラスチックを発泡ビーズに形成した、又はプラスチッ
ク発泡体を粉砕又は切断してつくった表面に微小凹凸を
有する平均粒径0.1〜20mmの粒子であり、各帯域に於け
る該粒子の平均粒径が異なることを特徴とする、原水中
の懸濁汚染物質の除去装置。2. In a purification apparatus having a plurality of particle aggregate zones over the entire cross section of a water flow path or a water retention container, the particles are formed by forming plastic into foam beads, or crushing or cutting plastic foam. An apparatus for removing suspended contaminants in raw water, characterized in that the particles have an average particle size of 0.1 to 20 mm having fine irregularities on the surface thereof and have different average particle sizes in each zone.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63277281A JP2879897B2 (en) | 1988-11-04 | 1988-11-04 | Method and apparatus for removing suspended matter using expanded plastic particles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63277281A JP2879897B2 (en) | 1988-11-04 | 1988-11-04 | Method and apparatus for removing suspended matter using expanded plastic particles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02126905A JPH02126905A (en) | 1990-05-15 |
| JP2879897B2 true JP2879897B2 (en) | 1999-04-05 |
Family
ID=17581343
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63277281A Expired - Fee Related JP2879897B2 (en) | 1988-11-04 | 1988-11-04 | Method and apparatus for removing suspended matter using expanded plastic particles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2879897B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3042969A1 (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2016-07-13 | Sociedad Punta del Cobre S.A | Polymer support and method of leaching of minerals concentrates |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2726376B2 (en) * | 1993-08-10 | 1998-03-11 | オスマン工業株式会社 | Method for producing foreign matter adsorbent and carrier of suitable bacteria |
| JP4935137B2 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2012-05-23 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Suspension device |
-
1988
- 1988-11-04 JP JP63277281A patent/JP2879897B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3042969A1 (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2016-07-13 | Sociedad Punta del Cobre S.A | Polymer support and method of leaching of minerals concentrates |
| AU2015275223B2 (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2020-04-30 | Sociedad Punta Del Cobre S.A | Polymer support and method of leaching of minerals concentrates |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02126905A (en) | 1990-05-15 |
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