JPH02177263A - Thermal cell - Google Patents
Thermal cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02177263A JPH02177263A JP33445388A JP33445388A JPH02177263A JP H02177263 A JPH02177263 A JP H02177263A JP 33445388 A JP33445388 A JP 33445388A JP 33445388 A JP33445388 A JP 33445388A JP H02177263 A JPH02177263 A JP H02177263A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat storage
- agent
- regenerative
- regenerative agent
- stabilized
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Inorganic materials [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 101100327917 Caenorhabditis elegans chup-1 gene Proteins 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 12
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002343 gold Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004826 seaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/30—Deferred-action cells
- H01M6/36—Deferred-action cells containing electrolyte and made operational by physical means, e.g. thermal cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、熱電池の素電池と加熱剤からなる積層体の上
・下部に設置された蓄熱層の改良を図った保温効果に優
れ長時間作動用の熱電池に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention aims to improve heat storage layers installed at the top and bottom of a laminate consisting of a unit cell and a heating agent for a thermal battery. This relates to thermal batteries for use in other applications.
従来の技術
熱電池は常温で不活性であるが、高温に加熱すると活性
となり、外部へ電力を供給し得るようになる電池で貯蔵
型電池の一種である。従って、きわめて良好な貯蔵性を
有し６〜１０年間の貯蔵後も製造直後となんら電池特性
上質わることなく使用できる。また高温で作動させるた
めに電極反応が進み易く分極も少ないので大出力放電に
よく耐えること、使用時には起動信号を入れると瞬時に
電圧発生するなどの特徴を有するが、数分間以内の短時
間しか使用できないという短所を有している。BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY A thermal battery is inactive at room temperature, but becomes active when heated to a high temperature and can supply power to the outside, and is a type of storage battery. Therefore, it has an extremely good storage property and can be used even after storage for 6 to 10 years without any deterioration in battery properties compared to immediately after production. In addition, since it is operated at high temperatures, electrode reactions progress easily and polarization is small, so it can withstand high-output discharge well, and when in use, when a start signal is input, voltage is generated instantaneously. It has the disadvantage that it cannot be used.
しかし、近年では１６分作動の電池などが発表されてお
シ、今後は数十分から１時間ぐらいの比較的長時間にわ
たり、大電流、高出力、大容量での用途が増える傾向に
ある。そのためには、電池作動中の電解質を長時間溶融
状態に保つことが必要となり、結果として放電寿命を延
ばすことが出来る。従って、熱電池の保温技術について
は今後ますます重要な課題となる。However, in recent years, batteries that can operate for 16 minutes have been announced, and in the future there will be an increasing trend for applications that require relatively long periods of time, from several tens of minutes to an hour, with large currents, high outputs, and large capacities. For this purpose, it is necessary to keep the electrolyte in a molten state for a long time during battery operation, and as a result, the discharge life can be extended. Therefore, heat retention technology for thermal batteries will become an increasingly important issue in the future.
保温技術の中心は断熱技術と蓄熱技術である。The core of heat retention technology is insulation technology and heat storage technology.
前者については商品名ＭＩＮ−Ｋ及びマイクロサームと
呼ばれる低熱伝導係数を有する特殊断熱材を用いたり、
後者については溶融塩の凝固潜熱を利用した蓄熱剤を用
いるという熱電池の研究がされている。この溶融塩蓄熱
剤はベレ、ト状に成形して加ＳＩ３溶融用の加熱剤とと
もに素電池と加熱剤の積層体の両端部に使用されている
。For the former, special insulation materials with low thermal conductivity coefficients called MIN-K and Microtherm are used,
Regarding the latter, research is being carried out on thermal batteries that use a heat storage agent that utilizes the latent heat of solidification of molten salt. This molten salt heat storage agent is molded into a round shape and is used together with a heating agent for melting SI3 at both ends of a laminate of a unit cell and a heating agent.
以下に従来の熱電池用蓄熱層について説明する。A conventional heat storage layer for a thermal battery will be explained below.
第２図は従来の溶融塩蓄熱層の断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional molten salt heat storage layer.
氏において、３は硫酸リチウムと塩化ナトリウム（Ｌｉ
２５Ｏ４Ｈｚ（Ｊ ）の溶融塩蓄熱剤に二酸化珪素（５
ｉｎ２）のバインダーを１０〜１６重量％加え、熱処理
により均質に含浸保持した固定化蓄熱層で。In Mr. 3, lithium sulfate and sodium chloride (Li
Silicon dioxide (5
10 to 16% by weight of binder in2) is added to the fixed heat storage layer, which is homogeneously impregnated and maintained by heat treatment.
これを鉄粉と過塩素酸カリウムからなる加熱剤６を補強
体としてその上から一体成形に構成したものである。ｂ
において、１３は封口された金属容２Ｒでこの中に硫酸
リチウムと塩化ナトリウムからなる溶融塩蓄熱剤１４を
溶融状態で注入したのち、封口したものである。This is integrally molded over a heating agent 6 made of iron powder and potassium perchlorate as a reinforcing body. b
13 is a sealed metal container 2R into which a molten salt heat storage agent 14 made of lithium sulfate and sodium chloride is injected in a molten state and then sealed.
これらの蓄熱層の使用方法は電池に構成する場合には層
状に加工した蓄熱層を加熱剤と交互に積み重ねて使用す
る。また作用は、硫酸リチウムと塩化ナトリウムの蓄熱
剤は４９８℃でｓ ｏ ｃａｌ／ｇの凝固潜熱を発生し
、素電池−加熱剤のスタックに熱を供給してｒｓ ｏ
ｏ ＣＰｆＩ後で温度が一定となり、放熱の緩やかな状
態をつくって、素電池の電解質層の溶融状態を長時間保
つことが出来るのである。When these heat storage layers are used in a battery, heat storage layers processed into layers are stacked alternately with a heating agent. In addition, the heat storage agent of lithium sulfate and sodium chloride generates latent heat of solidification of s o cal/g at 498°C, supplies heat to the unit cell-heating agent stack, and generates rs o cal/g.
o After CPfI, the temperature becomes constant, creating a state of gradual heat dissipation, making it possible to maintain the molten state of the electrolyte layer of the unit cell for a long time.
発明が解決しようとする課題
しかしながら、上記従来の蓄熱層にはそれぞれ問題点か
あ−７た。即ちａの構成において、固定化蓄熱層３は加
熱剤６上だ成形しているために機械的強度は十分に有す
るが蓄熱剤が加熱溶融したとき十分な無機バインダーを
含ませていないと、層の変形を生じ構成が安定しない。Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, each of the above conventional heat storage layers has some problems. That is, in the configuration a, the fixed heat storage layer 3 has sufficient mechanical strength because it is molded on the heating agent 6, but when the heat storage agent is heated and melted, if it does not contain enough inorganic binder, the layer will be damaged. This causes deformation and the structure becomes unstable.
また、加熱剤と固定化蓄熱層が直接に接触する構成とな
っているので、鉄と過塩素酸カリウムからなる加熱剤が
発熱反応を起こした時に生成する塩化カリウム（ＫＧｌ
）が固定化蓄熱層３に拡散していき、Ｌｉ２５Ｏ４−Ｎ
ａＣＪ −ＫＣＩの３元溶融塩に変質するため、Ｌｉ２
５Ｏａ −ＮＩＬＣｌ の共晶点４９８℃よりも低い
４５０℃付近で作用し、かつ低カロリーの潜熱を発生し
てしまう。このため、２００！ＩＩＡ／、４以上の高率
放電の場合や、２０００ｍム／眉以上のパルス電流が印
加される場合などに必要とする作動温度４８００以上を
長時間にわたって保持し得なくなる。In addition, since the heating agent and the immobilized heat storage layer are in direct contact with each other, potassium chloride (KGl) is produced when the heating agent consisting of iron and potassium perchlorate undergoes an exothermic reaction.
) diffuses into the fixed heat storage layer 3, and Li25O4-N
Li2 transforms into a ternary molten salt of aCJ-KCI.
It acts at around 450°C, which is lower than the eutectic point of 5Oa-NILCl, 498°C, and generates low-calorie latent heat. For this reason, 200! In the case of high rate discharge of IIA/, 4 or more, or when a pulse current of 2000 mm/brow or more is applied, the required operating temperature of 4800 or more cannot be maintained for a long time.
またｂの構成では無機吸着剤を用いないため、溶融塩蓄
熱剤が多量に用いられるので体積効率は良くなるが、注
入工程、封口工程、冷却固化工程の工稈数が増え、かつ
作業が煩雑になるのでコスト高となる。In addition, in configuration b, since no inorganic adsorbent is used, a large amount of molten salt heat storage agent is used, which improves the volumetric efficiency, but the number of steps in the injection process, sealing process, and cooling solidification process increases, and the work is complicated. Therefore, the cost will be high.
本発明は、上記のような問題点を解消するなめ、使用前
後において蓄熱層の構成が安定し、！！！作が容易で、
加熱剤と蓄熱剤が混り合わないで、Ｌユ２ＳＯ。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by stabilizing the structure of the heat storage layer before and after use. ! ! Easy to make;
Do not mix the heating agent and heat storage agent, Lyu2SO.
−ＮＩＬＣｌの本来物性をもつ長時間用熱電池の保温技
術の向上を図ることを目的とする。- The purpose is to improve the heat retention technology for long-term thermal batteries that have the inherent physical properties of NILCl.
課題を解決するための手段
本発明は前記の課題を解決するためＫ、前記のＬｉ２５
Ｏ４−ＮａＣ１溶融塩蓄熱剤と、無機吸着剤の均一混合
物を主材とした粉末を蓄熱剤の融点以上で熱処理して固
定化した蓄熱剤を金属カップに入れ。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention solves the above problems by using K, the above Li25
A heat storage agent obtained by heat-treating a powder mainly composed of a homogeneous mixture of an O4-NaCl molten salt heat storage agent and an inorganic adsorbent at a temperature higher than the melting point of the heat storage agent to fix it is placed in a metal cup.
上部を円盤状の金、＠板で蓋をして得た熱電池用蓄熱層
を素電池と加熱剤を交互に積み重ねてなる積層体の上・
下部に設置した構成とする。A heat storage layer for a thermal battery obtained by covering the upper part with a disc-shaped gold plate and a plate is placed on top of a laminate consisting of alternating stacks of unit cells and heating agent.
The configuration is installed at the bottom.
作用
この蓄熱層を用いれば、固定化蓄熱剤は金属カップ中に
とじこめられているため、機械的強度が大きくなるので
無機吸着材を減らし、蓄熱剤を増やすことが可能となる
と共に、粉末を金属カップに入れて蓋をしたのちプレス
加工するだけの単純な工程なので容易に製造することが
出来る。また加熱剤と直接接触しないので鉄と過塩素酸
カリウムが発熱反応を起こした時生成する塩化カリウム
（にＣｌ）によって、低融点化や低カロリー化する恐れ
もなくなる。これらの結果熱電池に最適の蓄熱層が得ら
れる。Function: By using this heat storage layer, the fixed heat storage agent is confined in the metal cup, which increases the mechanical strength, making it possible to reduce the amount of inorganic adsorbent and increase the amount of heat storage agent. It is a simple process of putting it in a cup, putting a lid on it, and then pressing it, so it can be manufactured easily. Furthermore, since there is no direct contact with the heating agent, there is no fear that the melting point or calories will be lowered by potassium chloride (Cl) produced when iron and potassium perchlorate undergo an exothermic reaction. As a result, a heat storage layer optimal for thermal batteries can be obtained.
実施例 本発明の代表的な実施例について以下に示す。Example Representative examples of the present invention are shown below.
第１図は金属カップ１と金属蓋２により固定化蓄熱層３
を包囲したものである。固定化蓄熱層は溶融塩蓄熱剤Ｌ
ｉ２ＳＯ４ＮａＧ１１８８重量％と無機吸着材５ｉＯ２
ｆｆ２重量％をボールミルで均一混合後。Figure 1 shows a heat storage layer 3 fixed by a metal cup 1 and a metal lid 2.
It is surrounded by. The fixed heat storage layer is molten salt heat storage agent L
i2SO4NaG1188% by weight and inorganic adsorbent 5iO2
After uniformly mixing 2% by weight of ff with a ball mill.
８００Ｃで１６時間熱処理して５ｉ０２にＬｉ２ＳＯ４
−ＮａＧＩ！を固定化させる。その後粉砕、造粒して固
定化蓄熱剤とし、金型内に金属カップ、固定化蓄熱剤、
金属蓋を入れ成型しながらカシメ加工して図示するよう
な熱電池用蓄熱層とする。更に詳細を述べると、金属カ
ップは素電池の負ＦＭＫも使用しているもので、厚さ０
．１ｎｕｎの鉄をプレス加工し高さ１．ｓｆｆＩｍのカ
ップ状にしたものである。この金゛萬カップの中に固定
化蓄熱剤の粉本を入れ、均一に分散した後、全体を単位
面積当り０．１〜０．２ｔｏｎ／−、ｉで予備加圧成型
し、その上にカップと同様の厚さ０．１市の円盤状金属
蓋を入れ、成形面を覆う。カップの周囲をシーマした後
単位面積当り２．６ｔｏｎ／−で本加圧成形して得られ
る。このようにして得られた熱電池用蓄熱層は、厚みが
１ ｍｌ１１程度の平板状であり、固定化蓄熱層の粉末
成形体は従来の５ｉＱ２１５重量％に比べて強度が若干
低下するが、金層カップの中に封じ込められているので
、電池の組み立て時に誤って床に落としたり、ぶつけた
りしても容易に崩れる事はなく、非常に取り扱い易く改
良された。また固定化蓄熱層が金属カップと蓋により発
熱剤とは分離されて直接接触しないので、発熱剤の発熱
反応により生成物として生じるＫ（Ｊの影響を受けない
ので、蓄熱層からの凝固潜熱は常に５００Ｃ付近で発揮
される。Heat treated at 800C for 16 hours to form 5i02 into Li2SO4
-NaGI! to be fixed. After that, it is crushed and granulated to form a fixed heat storage agent, and then placed in a metal cup, fixed heat storage agent,
A metal lid is inserted and caulked while molding to form a heat storage layer for a thermal battery as shown in the figure. To give more details, the metal cup also uses negative FMK of unit cells, and has a thickness of 0.
．． Pressing 1nun of iron to a height of 1. It is made into a cup shape of sffIm. After putting the fixed heat storage agent powder into this gold cup and dispersing it uniformly, the whole is pre-pressurized at 0.1 to 0.2 ton/- per unit area, i, and then A disk-shaped metal lid with a thickness of 0.1 mm, similar to the cup, is inserted to cover the molding surface. After seaming the periphery of the cup, it is obtained by main pressure molding at 2.6 tons/- per unit area. The heat storage layer for a thermal battery obtained in this way has a flat plate shape with a thickness of about 1 ml11, and the powder compact of the fixed heat storage layer has a slightly lower strength compared to the conventional 5iQ215% by weight, but it is made of gold. Since it is sealed in a layered cup, it will not collapse easily even if you accidentally drop it on the floor or bump it when assembling the battery, making it much easier to handle. In addition, since the immobilized heat storage layer is separated from the exothermic agent by the metal cup and lid and does not come into direct contact with it, it is not affected by K (J) produced as a product by the exothermic reaction of the exothermic agent, so the latent heat of solidification from the heat storage layer is It is always exhibited around 500C.
第３図は本発明を用いｆｃ熱電池を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an FC thermal battery using the present invention.
４は素電池で本発明の場合１０七ルを直列に積層した場
合で、素電池４間には加熱剤６が交互に挿入されている
。６及び６′は上部及び下部に設けられた本発明の熱電
池用蓄熱層で、これに熱を与えるための素電池間に挿入
したものと同様の加熱剤と共に上・下部に２セツトづつ
配置した。Reference numeral 4 denotes unit cells, and in the case of the present invention, 107 cells are stacked in series, and heating agents 6 are alternately inserted between the unit cells 4. 6 and 6' are heat storage layers for thermal batteries of the present invention provided in the upper and lower parts, and two sets each are arranged in the upper and lower parts along with a heating agent similar to that inserted between the unit cells to give heat to the layers. did.
７は電気式の点火器、８は導火帯で燃焼すると各層の加
熱剤６に着火させる。９は点火器の外部端子で、微小電
流を通電するトリガー人力に用いる。Reference numeral 7 denotes an electric igniter, and 8 a fuse cord, which ignites the heating agent 6 in each layer when burned. 9 is an external terminal of the igniter, which is used for manual triggering to supply a minute current.
１０および１０′は熱電池の正極端子と負極端子であり
、電池外装蓋１１にハーメチックシールを取付けて用い
る。１２は外装ケース、１３は外装ケースと内部積層体
との間に設けた断熱材である。Reference numerals 10 and 10' denote a positive terminal and a negative terminal of the thermal battery, which are used by attaching a hermetic seal to the battery exterior cover 11. 12 is an outer case, and 13 is a heat insulating material provided between the outer case and the internal laminate.
この本発明の電池は、点火器外部端子９に微小を火トリ
ガーを入れると５点火器７が火炎を発して上部・下部の
熱電池用蓄熱層６．６′の発熱層と導火帯８が燃焼し、
各層のセル加熱剤６が燃焼してその熱で素電池３の溶融
塩電解質を溶して、電池は活性化する。このとき熱電池
用蓄熱層の蓄熱剤も約６００℃まで加熱溶融され、その
後の放熱により５００℃付近まで冷却してくると、潜、
勢を発生し、一定時間この温度を保つ。In the battery of the present invention, when a small flame trigger is inserted into the igniter external terminal 9, the igniter 7 emits a flame, and the upper and lower heat storage layers 6 and 6' for the heat generating layer and the fuse band 8 burns,
The cell heating agent 6 of each layer burns, and the heat melts the molten salt electrolyte of the unit cell 3, thereby activating the battery. At this time, the heat storage agent in the heat storage layer for the thermal battery is also heated and melted to about 600°C, and when it is cooled down to around 500°C by subsequent heat radiation, the latent,
It generates a force and maintains this temperature for a certain period of time.
第４図は第３図の熱電池の内部温度測定カーフである。FIG. 4 is an internal temperature measurement curve of the thermal battery of FIG. 3.
縦軸は素電池の内部温度、横軸は放電時間である。内部
温度は積層体の最下部に位置する素電池に熱電対を入れ
測定したものである。１は本発明の実施例の熱電池用蓄
熱層を用いた場合、２はＭ２図ａの従来型の加熱剤の上
に形成した固定化蓄熱層を用いた場合、３は第２図すの
従来型の溶融塩蓄熱剤のみを封入した蓄熱層を用いた場
合の内部温度である。The vertical axis is the internal temperature of the unit cell, and the horizontal axis is the discharge time. The internal temperature was measured by inserting a thermocouple into the unit cell located at the bottom of the stack. 1 is the case when the heat storage layer for a thermal battery according to the embodiment of the present invention is used, 2 is the case when the immobilized heat storage layer formed on the conventional heating agent shown in Fig. M2 a is used, and 3 is the case shown in Fig. 2. This is the internal temperature when using a heat storage layer containing only a conventional molten salt heat storage agent.
この図から蓄熱剤を金属ケースの中に封入する等加熱剤
と分離した状態の実施例１．３は保温効果が優れ、凝固
潜熱を発生する約６００Ｃ付近で一定温度を示す。電池
から大きな電流を似出せにくくなる４００℃に到達する
までの時間は、実施例１では２４分、実施例３では２５
分持続し、バインダーを含む事による発熱効率の差はわ
ずか１分程度短かいものであったが、しかし、実施例２
のように蓄熱層と加熱剤が直接接触する場合は、加熱剤
の反応生成物ＫＧＩ ＫよってＬｉ、２ＳＯａ −ＮＩ
ＬＣ；１−ＫＣｌの三成分組成となるため明らかな潜熱
発生による平坦部が見られず４５０℃付近で若干の平坦
部がみられる程度の蓄熱効果しか曳れないため、４００
℃に到達する時間は２１分と前述に比べ温度の維続時間
が短くなる結果であった。As can be seen from this figure, Example 1.3 in which the heat storage agent is separated from the heating agent, such as by sealing it in a metal case, has an excellent heat retention effect and exhibits a constant temperature around 600 C, where latent heat of solidification is generated. The time it takes to reach 400°C, at which it becomes difficult to draw a large current from the battery, is 24 minutes in Example 1 and 25 minutes in Example 3.
The difference in heat generation efficiency due to the inclusion of the binder was only about 1 minute shorter, however, Example 2
When the heat storage layer and the heating agent are in direct contact as in
LC: Since it has a three-component composition of 1-KCl, there is no obvious flat area due to latent heat generation, and the heat storage effect is only visible at around 450°C, with a slight flat area.
The time it took to reach the temperature was 21 minutes, which resulted in a shorter temperature maintenance time compared to the above.
発明の効果
以上述べてきたように、本発明によれば、固定化蓄熱剤
を容易な工程で金属カップ中て封じ入れる事が出来るた
め、無機吸着剤を減らし溶融塩蓄熱剤を増やせること、
また加熱剤の影響を受けることなく６ｏｏ℃付近で大き
な凝固潜熱を発生させ得て一定温度を長く保持しえるの
で、実用的に極めて有用である。Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, since the immobilized heat storage agent can be sealed in a metal cup in a simple process, the amount of inorganic adsorbent can be reduced and the amount of molten salt heat storage agent can be increased.
Moreover, it is extremely useful in practical terms because it can generate a large latent heat of solidification at around 60° C. without being affected by a heating agent and can maintain a constant temperature for a long time.
第１図は本発明実施例の熱電池用蓄熱層の断面図、第２
図ａ、ｂは従来例における蓄熱層の断面図、第３図は蓄
熱層を用いた積層形熱電池の断面図、第４図は内部温度
の測定カーブを示す図である。
１・・・・・・金属カップ、２・・・・・・金属蓋、３
・・・・・・固定化蓄熱層、４・・・・・・素電池、６
・・・・・・加熱剤、６・・・・・・上部熱電池用蓄熱
層、６′・・・・・・下部熱電池用蓄熱層。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a heat storage layer for a thermal battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
Figures a and b are cross-sectional views of a heat storage layer in a conventional example, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated thermal battery using a heat storage layer, and Figure 4 is a diagram showing a measurement curve of internal temperature. 1...Metal cup, 2...Metal lid, 3
...Fixed heat storage layer, 4...Battery, 6
... Heating agent, 6 ... Heat storage layer for upper thermal battery, 6' ... Heat storage layer for lower thermal battery.
Claims (1)
蓄熱剤と、無機質吸着材の均一混合物を主材とした粉末
を、前記溶融塩蓄熱剤の融点以上で熱処理し粉体とした
固定化蓄熱剤を金属カップと金属蓋により包囲した熱電
池用蓄熱層を素電池と加熱剤を交互に積み重ねてなる積
層体の上・下部に設置したことを特徴とする熱電池。A fixed heat storage agent made into a powder by heat-treating a powder mainly made of a homogeneous mixture of a molten salt heat storage agent consisting of a mixed salt of lithium sulfate and sodium chloride and an inorganic adsorbent at a temperature higher than the melting point of the molten salt heat storage agent. A thermal battery characterized in that a thermal battery heat storage layer surrounded by a metal cup and a metal lid is installed above and below a laminate formed by alternately stacking unit cells and a heating agent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33445388A JP2808627B2 (en) | 1988-12-28 | 1988-12-28 | Thermal battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33445388A JP2808627B2 (en) | 1988-12-28 | 1988-12-28 | Thermal battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02177263A true JPH02177263A (en) | 1990-07-10 |
| JP2808627B2 JP2808627B2 (en) | 1998-10-08 |
Family
ID=18277558
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33445388A Expired - Lifetime JP2808627B2 (en) | 1988-12-28 | 1988-12-28 | Thermal battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2808627B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109011696A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | The purification method of insoluble impurities in a kind of fused salt |
| CN111146464A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-05-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | Internal temperature measuring device of thermal battery |
| CN116705973A (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-09-05 | 天津大学 | Sulfide positive electrode material |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101553897B1 (en) * | 2014-02-03 | 2015-09-17 | 국방과학연구소 | Thermal battery |
-
1988
- 1988-12-28 JP JP33445388A patent/JP2808627B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109011696A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | The purification method of insoluble impurities in a kind of fused salt |
| CN111146464A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-05-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | Internal temperature measuring device of thermal battery |
| CN116705973A (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-09-05 | 天津大学 | Sulfide positive electrode material |
| CN116705973B (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2024-02-09 | 天津大学 | Sulfide positive electrode material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2808627B2 (en) | 1998-10-08 |
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